CN110763819A - Establishment method of dynamic quantitative evaluation system for hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness, evaluation system and application - Google Patents
Establishment method of dynamic quantitative evaluation system for hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness, evaluation system and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for establishing a dynamic quantitative evaluation system for hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness. The method can judge the effectiveness of the source rocks more accurately, quickly and massively, thereby meeting the requirements of fine exploration of the oil-gas-containing area and potential evaluation of the residual resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas resource evaluation, and particularly relates to a method for establishing a dynamic quantitative evaluation system for hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness, the evaluation system and application.
Background
The source rock is a rock rich in sedimentary organic matter capable of producing or having produced mobile hydrocarbons, including source rock, source rock and source rock. And the effective hydrocarbon source rock refers to the hydrocarbon source rock which is generated and discharged under natural conditions and is enough to form industrial oil and natural gas accumulation. The method is generally used for qualitatively and quantitatively evaluating the abundance, type, maturity and raw oil gas potential of deposited organic matters contained in the hydrocarbon source rock, distribution area, thickness and the like.
(1) The hydrocarbon source rock organic matter abundance is often expressed in terms of percent organic carbon content (abbreviated as TOC), chloroform bitumen "a" mass percent (mass percent of soluble organic matter extracted from the hydrocarbon source rock using chloroform, abbreviated as chloroform bitumen "a") and total hydrocarbon (sum of mass percent of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons in bitumen "a", abbreviated as HC). for example, the effective shale source rock organic carbon proposed by various researchers varies from 0.4% to 1.5% and is very different and lacks systematic evaluation criteria, thus, evaluating the hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness solely using high or low organic matter abundance of the hydrocarbon source rock has great limitations, and the main rock hydrocarbons having high or low TOC, are not necessarily effective hydrocarbon source rock types, such as ①, ② high or unreasonably low TOC, and are not necessarily effective hydrocarbon types.
(2) Organic matter (kerogen) types are deposited. According to the requirements of actual petroleum geological exploration and production, the organic matters deposited in the hydrocarbon source rocks are divided into four types, namely type I, type II 1, type II 2 and type III, and the method is mainly controlled by an oxidation-reduction deposition environment, an original biological material source and the like. The method for distinguishing the type of the deposited organic matter comprises the organic element ratio of kerogen (the deposited organic matter which is insoluble in alkali, non-oxidized acid and non-polar organic solvent in the deposited rock), the kerogen type index, the kerogen carbon isotope index, the rock pyrolysis analysis parameter and the like, wherein the most applied method comprises the organic element ratio (H/C atomic ratio and O/C atomic ratio) and the rock pyrolysis analysis parameter (hydrogen index HI, oxygen index OI and hydrocarbon production index PI). The method for identifying the type by using the organic element of the kerogen requires dozens of grams of rock samples to be dissolved by hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid to remove rock mineral matrix, and the kerogen is prepared by separation, which is a time-consuming and expensive process and is not suitable for the organic element analysis of a large amount of hydrocarbon source rock samples; part of the hydrogen-rich kerogen is lost in the acid treatment and water washing steps, and part of oxygen-containing mineral substances (such as pyrite) remain, so that the H/C atomic ratio and the O/C atomic ratio are lack of representativeness, and the type judgment is influenced. For a large amount of hydrocarbon source rocks, the organic matter type is mainly judged by adopting a rock pyrolysis analysis result. However, on the discrimination chart using the hydrogen index HI as the ordinate and the oxygen index OI as the abscissa, the HI and OI of different types of organic matter gradually approach each other at a higher maturity due to the influence of the evolution degree of the organic matter, and it is difficult to discriminate. In addition, the mineral matrix of the hydrocarbon source rock can also influence the pyrolysis result of the rock, so that the judgment of the type of the deposited organic matter is influenced.
(3) At present, the method for evaluating the maturity of the source rock is various, such as vitrinite reflectance (Ro), Sporopollen Color Index (SCI), maximum peak temperature of rock pyrolysis (Tmax) and the like. But the most widely applied technology is vitrinite reflectivity technology, which is widely applied to the evaluation of the maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks and becomes the only internationally comparable maturity index since the vitrinite reflectivity is popularized for the first time from coal petrography to the determination of the maturity of organic matters deposited in sedimentary rocks by Teichmuller (1950) in the 50 th century. However, as the vitrinite in coal rock and the vitrinite in different types of dispersed and deposited organic matters in hydrocarbon source rock have great difference in cause, occurrence state and quantity, the difficulty in correctly identifying the vitrinite in the dispersed organic matters is great, and the vitrinite reflectivity is influenced by other organic components to generate an inhibition effect, so that the vitrinite reflectivity result is often distorted. The FAMM technique which can effectively solve the problem of the inhibition of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is utilized. In addition, relevant researches show that when the vitrinite reflectance value is more than 1.0%, the vitrinite presents anisotropy, the measured reflectance value is likely to be low when the vitrinite reflectance value is measured by randomly oriented particles, when the vitrinite reflectance value is less than 2.0%, the anisotropy is low, and the caused error is minimum, but the vitrinite reflectance value is more than 2.0%, if no correct measuring means is available, the anisotropy is rapidly increased, and the error is obvious; different kerogen enrichment methods also have an effect on vitrinite reflectance values. Therefore, the maturity evaluation of the hydrocarbon source rock has a plurality of problems, in particular to the hydrocarbon source rock with good organic matter type or thermal evolution degree reaching a dry gas evolution stage. Therefore, for hydrocarbon source rocks with good organic matter types in the crude oil window, the FAMM analysis of partial samples is preferably carried out in a matching way while the reflectivity of the vitrinite is analyzed, so that the reflectivity result of the vitrinite is inhibited and corrected, and the real maturity of the vitrinite is revealed; for highly evolved source rocks, in order to eliminate the influence of anisotropy factors, the maturity is represented by selecting the maximum value rather than the average value as much as possible. In addition, the maturity analysis preferably utilizes whole rock samples rather than acid treated kerogen samples.
(4) And evaluating the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock. The effective hydrocarbon source rock discrimination standard is always the focus of attention of petroleum geologists and is also a difficult problem of oil-gas geological research. The conventional method for evaluating the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock mainly comprises organic geochemical index evaluation and hydrocarbon discharge threshold evaluation. The quality of the source rock is evaluated by various organic geochemical indexes (such as TOC, chloroform bitumen 'A', total hydrocarbon HC, hydrocarbon production index PI and H/C atomic ratio), different researchers put forward different lower limit values or ranges, because the different degrees of the index values are simultaneously influenced and restricted by geological-geochemical boundary conditions such as the types, maturity, lithological combinations (mudstones, shales, silicalites, carbonates and the like), microstructures, pore characteristics, temperature, pressure and the like of organic matters deposited in the source rocks, the lower limit of these indicators is the minimum value that is possible as an effective source rock before the threshold for hydrocarbon formation, therefore, in practical evaluation, only the quantitative values of the parameters can be used for qualitatively evaluating the effectiveness of the source rocks, such as qualitatively evaluating the source rocks as good-quality, good, bad and non-source rocks. Whether the source rock is effective or not is mainly determined by whether the source rock discharges oil and gas or not, and researchers propose a method for evaluating the effectiveness of the source rock by using a hydrocarbon discharge threshold and propose that the hydrocarbon discharge effectiveness of the source rock is represented by using a source rock index (which means the percentage of the actual hydrocarbon discharge amount of the source rock to the hydrocarbon discharge amount of the optimal source rock). Although theoretically, the evaluation method seems reasonable compared with the evaluation of the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock by using the hydrocarbon generation threshold, the basis for calculating the hydrocarbon discharge efficiency mainly depends on a series of indexes obtained by rock pyrolysis, and therefore the discharge efficiency may be greatly different from the actual underground discharge efficiency. Moreover, the method has too many assumed parameters, so that the acquisition of some key indexes in practical application is greatly influenced by human factors.
Therefore, the existing problems are that research and development of a dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock and an establishment method thereof, and a more accurate and rapid dynamic quantitative evaluation method for the effectiveness of the source rock are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The method forms a hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness dynamic quantitative evaluation system comprising ① vitrinite reflectivity correction curve charts of different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks, ② HI-Ro discrimination charts of original organic matter types of the different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages, a calculation formula and a dynamic chart of original organic carbon content recovery coefficients K of ③ different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages, a ④ oil gas discharge potential index Qi calculation formula and a dynamic evolution chart of the different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages and an evaluation standard of ⑤ hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness, and simultaneously provides a method for dynamically and quantitatively evaluating the hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness by utilizing the system, and the method can more accurately, quickly and massively judge and identify the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rocks so as to meet the requirements of fine and residual resource potential evaluation of oil-gas-containing regions.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for establishing a dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of a hydrocarbon source rock in a first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting hydrocarbon source rock samples of different stratums, different types of originally deposited organic matters and different organic matter abundances, and performing stratum pore hot-pressing hydrocarbon generation simulation experiments on each sample at different simulation temperatures to obtain multiple groups of simulation products consisting of liquid products, gaseous products and solid products;
s2, detecting the generation amount, the discharge amount and the retention amount of liquid products and gaseous products in each group of simulated products, and the residual organic carbon content TOC, the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI and the vitrinite reflectance Ro of solid products respectively;
s3, establishing HI-Ro distinguishing plates of original organic matter types of the hydrocarbon source rocks of different organic matter types at different mature stages according to the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI and vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the solid product;
s4, according to the residual organic carbon content TOC of the solid product and the original organic carbon content TOC of the corresponding hydrocarbon source rock sample0Obtaining organic carbon content recovery coefficients K according to the ratio of the organic carbon content recovery coefficients K, and establishing a calculation formula and a dynamic evolution chart of the organic carbon content recovery coefficients K of different original sedimentary organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different mature stages;
s5, calculating the organic carbon mass of the discharged oil gas according to the discharge amount of the liquid products and the gaseous products, and determining the quality of the source rock sample and the original organic carbon content TOC0Calculating the original organic carbon mass of the source rock sample, obtaining the oil and gas drainage potential indexes Qi of the source rock sample at different maturation stages through the percentage value of the organic carbon mass of the drained oil gas and the original organic carbon mass of the source rock sample, and establishing oil and gas drainage potential index Qi calculation formulas and dynamic evolution charts of the source rock of different original deposition organic matter types at different maturation stages;
s6, according to the oil gas potential index Qi of the hydrocarbon source rock sample and the original organic carbon content TOC0The conversion coefficient P of the carbon content of the petroleum or natural gas and the formula Qp Qi TOC0and/P, calculating the oil and gas discharge potential Qp, and evaluating the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the oil and gas discharge potential Qp.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the source rock sample is an immature or low-maturity source rock sample having a vitrinite reflectance Ro value of less than 0.6%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the simulated temperature is in the range of 200 ℃ to 500 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, a rock pyrolytic hydrogen index HI and an actually measured vitrinite reflectance Ro of solid products of source rock samples with vitrinite reflectance Ro lower than 0.5% and rock pyrolytic hydrogen indexes HI of 600mg hydrocarbon/gTOC, 400mg hydrocarbon/gTOC and 200mg hydrocarbon/gTOC respectively at different simulation temperatures are selected, and HI-Ro determination charts of original organic matter types of source rocks of different original sedimentary organic matter types at different maturation stages are established.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, according to the TOC and Ro values of the vitrinite reflectance of the solid product obtained at different simulation temperatures, multiple regression is performed in two stages of 0.50% or more Ro < 1.30% and Ro > 1.30% to obtain a calculation formula of the recovery coefficient K of the organic carbon content at 0.50% or more Ro < 1.30% and Ro > 1.30%, respectively.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, multiple regression is performed in two stages of 0.50% or more Ro < 1.30% and Ro or more than 1.30% according to the hydrocarbon potential index Qi obtained at different simulation temperatures and the residual organic carbon content TOC and vitrinite reflectance Ro of the solid product obtained at the temperature, so as to obtain a calculation formula of the vent potential index Qi at 0.50% or more Ro < 1.30% and Ro or more than 1.30%, respectively.
According to the establishment method of the dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness, in step S6, the standards for evaluating the hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness according to the magnitude of the potential Qp of the discharged oil gas are that ① Qp is less than 0.05Kg of oil gas/t rock, the rock is an invalid hydrocarbon source rock, the rock is ② 0.05Kg of oil gas/t rock, the Qp is less than or equal to 0.5Kg of oil gas/t rock, the rock is a common effective hydrocarbon source rock, the rock is ③ 0.5Kg of oil gas/t rock, the Qp is less than or equal to Qp and less than 2.0Kg of oil gas/t rock, the rock is a medium effective hydrocarbon source rock, the rock is ④ 2.0Kg of oil gas/t rock, the Qp is less than or equal to 5.0Kg of oil gas/t rock, the rock is a strong effective hydrocarbon source rock, and the rock is ⑤ Qp is.
According to the establishment method of the dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock, the establishment method of the dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock further comprises a correction method of actually measured vitrinite reflectivity of the source rock, and the method comprises the following steps:
i) preparing solid products obtained by different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rock samples and coal rocks under the same simulation experiment condition into kerogen, and respectively measuring the vitrinite reflectance Ro of the kerogen;
ii) removing the strongly polar soluble organic matter from the kerogen, and determining the vitrinite reflectance Ro1 of the remaining insoluble organic matter;
iii) calculating the difference value delta Ro between Ro and Ro1 to obtain a vitrinite reflectivity correction value; and establishing vitrinite reflectivity correction curve charts of different originally deposited organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks under different actually measured vitrinite reflectivities.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the above step ii), the highly polar soluble organic matter in kerogen is removed by extraction with a highly polar organic solvent.
The second aspect of the invention provides a dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock, which is established according to the method of the first aspect of the invention, and comprises the following steps:
① vitrinite reflectance calibration curve charts of different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks;
② HI-Ro judgment plate of original deposition organic matter type of source rock at different maturation stages;
③ calculation formulas and dynamic evolution charts of original organic carbon content recovery coefficients K of different originally deposited organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages;
④ oil and gas extraction potential indexes Qi calculation formulas and dynamic evolution charts of different originally deposited organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages;
⑤ evaluation criteria for the effectiveness of the source rock.
The third aspect of the invention provides a dynamic quantitative evaluation method for the effectiveness of a source rock, which is evaluated according to the dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock of the second aspect of the invention and comprises the following steps:
testing or collecting the residual organic carbon content TOC and the rock pyrolytic hydrogen index HI of a source rock sample to be evaluated with known burial depth H at the same layer in an oil-gas containing area; selecting a hydrocarbon source rock sample with a known original deposition organic matter type to determine vitrinite reflectance Ro';
b, correcting the vitrinite reflectance Ro' measured in the step a according to vitrinite reflectance correction curve charts of hydrocarbon source rocks of different organic matter types to obtain corrected vitrinite reflectance Ro;
c, establishing an H-Ro normalization curve or formula between the burial depth H of the hydrocarbon source rock at the layer of the hydrocarbon region in the hydrocarbon-bearing region and the vitrinite reflectance correction value Ro according to the corrected vitrinite reflectance Ro, and obtaining vitrinite reflectance Ro of all hydrocarbon source rock samples with the known burial depth H in the step a according to the H-Ro normalization curve or formula;
d, according to the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI obtained in the step a and the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c, judging the original deposition organic matter type of the hydrocarbon source rock sample in HI-Ro judgment plates of the original organic matter type of the hydrocarbon source rock corresponding to different organic matter types at different maturation stages;
e, obtaining a K value in a calculation formula or a dynamic evolution chart of the organic carbon content recovery coefficient K of the source rock corresponding to different original sedimentary organic matter types at different mature stages according to the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c and the original sedimentary organic matter type identified in the step d, and obtaining the K value according to the formula TOC0Calculating the original organic carbon content TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock sample0；
f, obtaining Qi values in an oil and gas discharge potential index Qi calculation formula or a dynamic evolution chart corresponding to different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages according to the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c and the original sedimentary organic matter type identified in the step d, and obtaining the TOC obtained in the step e according to the carbon content conversion coefficient P of the oil or the natural gas0And the formula Qp Qi TOC0and/P, calculating the potential quantity Qp of the exhausted oil gas, and evaluating the effectiveness of the source rock according to the evaluation standard of the effectiveness of the source rock.
The conversion coefficient P of the carbon content of the petroleum or the natural gas is that when Ro is more than or equal to 0.50% and less than 1.30%, P is the petroleum carbon content; when Ro is more than or equal to 1.30%, P is the carbon content of the natural gas; wherein, the carbon content of the petroleum is between 83 percent and 87 percent, and the carbon content of the natural gas is between 75 percent and 83.3 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the vitrinite reflectivity extraction correction formula and the plate, the residual organic carbon content (TOC) inversion recovery coefficient formula and the plate, the rapid discrimination formula and the plate for the original deposited organic matter types of the source rock at different evolution stages, and the oil and gas discharge potential index calculation formula and the plate of different types of deposited organic matters at different maturation stages are based on the statistical analysis of a large amount of hydrocarbon generation and discharge simulation experiment results of actual source rock samples and the basic geochemical project test of products thereof, so that the vitrinite reflectivity extraction correction formula and the plate are more real and reliable compared with the existing evaluation technology.
(2) The method only needs a small amount (about 1 gram) of hydrocarbon source rock samples, measures the content (TOC) of the residual organic carbon, carries out rock pyrolysis analysis to obtain the hydrogen index HI, and can directly calculate the maximum possible exhaust oil gas amount-exhaust oil gas potential (Qp) in the geological history period by utilizing the series of plates and formulas, thereby being capable of carrying out rapid quantitative evaluation on the effectiveness of a large amount of core or detritus hydrocarbon source rock samples, and therefore, compared with the prior art, the method has strong operability and practicability.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a vitrinite reflectance Ro calibration curve chart of different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks according to the invention; wherein 1 is a Ro calibration curve of I type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 2 is II1A Ro correction curve of the type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 3 is II2A Ro correction curve of the type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 4 is a type III sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock Ro correction curve;
FIG. 2 is a HI-Ro determination chart of the original organic matter type of the source rock of different organic matter types at different maturity stages according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows different organic matter types of source rock of the invention maturing at different conditionsA dynamic evolution chart of the original organic carbon content recovery coefficient K of the stage; (a) ro is more than or equal to 0.50 percent<1.30 percent, and (b) Ro is more than or equal to 1.30 percent; wherein 1 is a Ro calibration curve of I type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 2 is II1A Ro correction curve of the type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 3 is II2A Ro correction curve of the type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 4 is a type III sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock Ro correction curve;
FIG. 4 is an oil and gas extraction potential index Qi calculation formula and a dynamic evolution chart of different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages according to the invention; (a) ro is more than or equal to 0.50 percent<1.30 percent, and (b) Ro is more than or equal to 1.30 percent; wherein 1 is a Ro calibration curve of I type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 2 is II1A Ro correction curve of the type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 3 is II2A Ro correction curve of the type sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock; 4 is a type III sedimentary organic matter hydrocarbon source rock Ro correction curve;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a dynamic quantitative evaluation method for the effectiveness of a source rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a H-Ro normalization curve in the examples;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the initial sedimentary organic matter type identification of samples of source rocks Nos. 24 to 45 in examples.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, the following detailed description of the invention is given, with reference to the accompanying examples and drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The evaluation result is inaccurate due to the fact that the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock is evaluated by using the abundance of the single hydrocarbon source rock deposition organic matter, the type of the organic matter, the maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock and the potential of oil gas generation; when the quality of the source rock is evaluated by various organic geochemical indexes, the source rock is influenced by the properties of the source rock in different degrees and can only be evaluated qualitatively; the hydrocarbon source rock effectiveness is evaluated by using the hydrocarbon discharge threshold, and the hydrocarbon source rock hydrocarbon discharge effectiveness is represented by using the source rock index, and a series of indexes obtained by rock pyrolysis are relied on, so that the difference of the discharge efficiency and the underground actual discharge efficiency is large. Therefore, the inventor of the invention carries out intensive research in the field of evaluation of the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock and provides a method for establishing a dynamic quantitative evaluation system of the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock. The method can judge the effectiveness of the source rocks more accurately, quickly and massively, thereby meeting the requirements of fine exploration of the oil-gas-containing area and potential evaluation of the residual resources. The present invention has been made based on the above findings.
Examples
The invention relates to a dynamic and quantitative evaluation system and an evaluation method for evaluating the effectiveness of hydrocarbon source rocks in a Yangtze hydrocarbon-bearing basin in Henan, which comprises the following steps:
a, collecting 45 hydrocarbon source rock samples with known burial depth H at a sunken E layer of a south-Henan Yangtze hydrocarbon-bearing area, measuring the residual organic carbon content TOC and the rock pyrolytic hydrogen index HI of each sample, selecting 23 hydrocarbon source rock samples with known originally deposited organic matter types in the samples, and measuring the vitrinite reflectivity Ro'; table 1 shows the TOC, HI and Ro' measured;
b, correcting the vitrinite reflectance Ro' measured in the step 1 by using vitrinite reflectance correction curve charts of hydrocarbon source rocks of different organic matter types, wherein the corrected vitrinite reflectance Ro is shown in a table 1;
c, establishing an H-Ro normalization curve graph or formula between the burial depth H of the hydrocarbon source rock at the layer of the hydrocarbon source rock in the oil-gas-containing region and the vitrinite reflectance correction value Ro according to the corrected vitrinite reflectance Ro, and setting the H-Ro normalization curve graph or formula Ro to be 3 multiplied by 10 according to the H-Ro normalization curve graph or formula Ro-7H2-0.0011H +1.7267 obtaining vitrinite reflectance Ro of all source rock samples of known burial depth H; the H-Ro normalization curve is shown in FIG. 6;
d, according to the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI obtained in the step a and the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c, in HI-Ro judgment plates of original organic matter types of hydrocarbon source rocks with different organic matter types at different mature stages, judging the original deposition organic matter types of hydrocarbon source rock samples with unknown original deposition organic matter types according to a figure 7, and judging results are shown in a table 2;
e, according toThe vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the steps b and c and the known original deposition organic matter type identified in the step d are corresponding to different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks, K values are obtained in a calculation formula or a dynamic chart of organic carbon content recovery coefficients K at different mature stages, and the TOC is obtained according to the formula0Calculating the original organic carbon content TOC of each hydrocarbon source rock sample0；
f, obtaining Qi values in an oil and gas discharge potential index Qi calculation formula or a dynamic evolution chart corresponding to different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different mature stages according to the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the steps b and c and the known original deposition organic matter type identified in the step d, and converting the coefficient P according to the carbon content of the petroleum or natural gas and the TOC obtained in the step e0And the formula Qp Qi TOC0and/P, calculating the potential quantity Qp of the exhausted oil gas, evaluating the effectiveness of each source rock sample according to the evaluation standard of the effectiveness of the source rock, and showing the dynamic evaluation result of the effectiveness in table 2.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (10)
1. A method for establishing a dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of a hydrocarbon source rock comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting hydrocarbon source rock samples of different stratums, different types of originally deposited organic matters and different organic matter abundances, and performing stratum pore hot-pressing hydrocarbon generation simulation experiments on each sample at different simulation temperatures to obtain multiple groups of simulation products consisting of liquid products, gaseous products and solid products;
s2, detecting the generation amount, the discharge amount and the retention amount of liquid products and gaseous products in each group of simulated products, and the residual organic carbon content TOC, the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI and the vitrinite reflectance Ro of solid products respectively;
s3, establishing HI-Ro distinguishing plates of original organic matter types of the hydrocarbon source rocks of different organic matter types at different mature stages according to the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI and vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the solid product;
s4, according to the residual organic carbon content TOC of the solid product and the original organic carbon content TOC of the corresponding hydrocarbon source rock sample0Obtaining organic carbon content recovery coefficients K according to the ratio of the organic carbon content recovery coefficients K, and establishing a calculation formula and a dynamic evolution chart of the organic carbon content recovery coefficients K of different original sedimentary organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different mature stages;
s5, calculating the organic carbon mass of the discharged oil gas according to the discharge amount of the liquid products and the gaseous products, and determining the quality of the source rock sample and the original organic carbon content TOC0Calculating the original organic carbon mass of the source rock sample, obtaining the oil and gas drainage potential indexes Qi of the source rock sample at different maturation stages through the percentage value of the organic carbon mass of the drained oil gas and the original organic carbon mass of the source rock sample, and establishing oil and gas drainage potential index Qi calculation formulas and dynamic evolution charts of the source rock of different original deposition organic matter types at different maturation stages;
s6, according to the oil gas potential index Qi of the hydrocarbon source rock sample and the original organic carbon content TOC0The conversion coefficient P of the carbon content of the petroleum or natural gas and the formula Qp Qi TOC0and/P, calculating the oil and gas discharge potential Qp, and evaluating the effectiveness of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the oil and gas discharge potential Qp.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the source rock sample is an immature or low-maturity source rock sample having a vitrinite reflectance Ro value of less than 0.6%; the simulated temperature is in the range of 200 ℃ to 500 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S3, the rock pyrolytic hydrogen index HI and the measured vitrinite reflectance Ro of the solid product at different simulation temperatures of the hydrocarbon source rock sample with vitrinite reflectance Ro lower than 0.5% and the rock pyrolytic hydrogen index HI of 600mg hydrocarbon/gTOC, 400mg hydrocarbon/gTOC and 200mg hydrocarbon/gTOC respectively are selected, and HI-Ro determination charts of original organic matter types of the hydrocarbon source rock at different maturation stages of different original sedimentary organic matter types are established.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S4, multiple regression is performed in two stages of 0.50% Ro < 1.30% and Ro ≧ 1.30% according to the TOC and Ro values of vitrinite reflectance of the solid product obtained at different simulation temperatures, to obtain the calculation formula of the organic carbon content recovery coefficient K at 0.50% Ro < 1.30% and Ro ≧ 1.30%, respectively.
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S5, multiple regression is performed according to the hydrocarbon potential index Qi obtained at different simulation temperatures and the residual organic carbon content TOC and vitrinite reflectance Ro of the solid product obtained at the temperature in two stages of 0.50% ≦ Ro < 1.30% and Ro ≧ 1.30%, to obtain the calculation formula of the oil gas potential index Qi at 0.50% ≦ Ro < 1.30% and Ro ≧ 1.30%, respectively.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the evaluation criteria for the validity of the source rock in step S6 are ① Kg of oil gas/treble less than 0.05Kg of oil gas/treble, which is an ineffective source rock, ② 0.05Kg of oil gas/treble less than Qp < 0.5Kg of oil gas/treble, which is a normal effective source rock, ③ 0.5Kg of oil gas/treble less than Qp < 2.0Kg of oil gas/treble, which is a medium effective source rock, ④ 2.0Kg of oil gas/treble less than Qp < 5.0Kg of oil gas/treble, which is a strong effective source rock, and ⑤ Qp > 5.0Kg of oil gas/treble, which is a high effective source rock.
7. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the establishment method of the dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock further comprises a correction method for the measured vitrinite reflectivity of the source rock, and the correction method comprises the following steps:
i) preparing solid products obtained by different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rock samples and coal rocks under the same simulation experiment condition into kerogen, and respectively measuring the vitrinite reflectance Ro of the kerogen;
ii) removing the strongly polar soluble organic matter from the kerogen, and determining the vitrinite reflectance Ro1 of the remaining insoluble organic matter;
iii) calculating the difference value delta Ro between Ro and Ro1 to obtain a vitrinite reflectivity correction value; and establishing vitrinite reflectivity correction curve charts of different originally deposited organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks under different actually measured vitrinite reflectivities.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in step ii) the strongly polar soluble organic matter in kerogen is removed by extraction with a strongly polar organic solvent.
9. A dynamic quantitative evaluation system of source rock effectiveness established according to the method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
① vitrinite reflectance calibration curve charts of different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks;
② HI-Ro judgment plate of original deposition organic matter type of source rock at different maturation stages;
③ calculation formulas and dynamic evolution charts of original organic carbon content recovery coefficients K of different originally deposited organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages;
④ oil and gas extraction potential indexes Qi calculation formulas and dynamic evolution charts of different originally deposited organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages;
⑤ evaluation criteria for the effectiveness of the source rock.
10. The application of the dynamic quantitative evaluation system for the effectiveness of the source rock according to claim 9 in the dynamic quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of the source rock comprises the following steps:
testing or collecting the residual organic carbon content TOC and the rock pyrolytic hydrogen index HI of a source rock sample to be evaluated with known burial depth H at the same layer in an oil-gas containing area; selecting a hydrocarbon source rock sample with a known original deposition organic matter type to determine vitrinite reflectance Ro';
b, correcting the vitrinite reflectance Ro' measured in the step a according to vitrinite reflectance correction curve charts of hydrocarbon source rocks of different organic matter types to obtain corrected vitrinite reflectance Ro;
c, establishing an H-Ro normalization curve or formula between the burial depth H of the hydrocarbon source rock at the layer of the hydrocarbon region in the hydrocarbon-bearing region and the vitrinite reflectance correction value Ro according to the corrected vitrinite reflectance Ro, and obtaining vitrinite reflectance Ro of all hydrocarbon source rock samples with the known burial depth H in the step a according to the H-Ro normalization curve or formula;
d, according to the rock pyrolysis hydrogen index HI obtained in the step a and the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c, judging the original deposition organic matter type of the hydrocarbon source rock sample in HI-Ro judgment plates of the original organic matter type of the hydrocarbon source rock corresponding to different organic matter types at different maturation stages;
e, according to the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c and the type of the originally deposited organic matters identified in the step d, corresponding to different originally deposited organic mattersObtaining K value in a calculation formula or a dynamic evolution chart of organic carbon content recovery coefficients K of the mass-type hydrocarbon source rock at different maturation stages, and obtaining the K value according to the formula TOC0Calculating the original organic carbon content TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock sample0；
f, obtaining Qi values in an oil and gas discharge potential index Qi calculation formula or a dynamic evolution chart corresponding to different organic matter type hydrocarbon source rocks at different maturation stages according to the vitrinite reflectivity Ro obtained in the step c and the original sedimentary organic matter type identified in the step d, and obtaining the TOC obtained in the step e according to the carbon content conversion coefficient P of the oil or the natural gas0And the formula Qp Qi TOC0and/P, calculating the potential quantity Qp of the exhausted oil gas, and evaluating the effectiveness of the source rock according to the evaluation standard of the effectiveness of the source rock.
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