CN110763726A - Dust explosion parameter experiment method - Google Patents
Dust explosion parameter experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110763726A CN110763726A CN201911121117.4A CN201911121117A CN110763726A CN 110763726 A CN110763726 A CN 110763726A CN 201911121117 A CN201911121117 A CN 201911121117A CN 110763726 A CN110763726 A CN 110763726A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
- G01N25/54—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility by determining explosibility
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Abstract
The invention provides a dust explosion parameter experiment method, a used device comprises a swing frame which is connected and arranged at the bottom of a container in a swinging way, a disperser body and a rigid spray pipe which are connected at the free end of the swing frame, a lower cover which can be opened in a rotating way is arranged at the bottom of the container, the rigid spray pipe is arranged in the middle area of a cover body of the lower cover, the lower cover can rotate and move axially relative to the rigid spray pipe, the upper end of the rigid spray pipe extends into the container and is connected with the disperser body, the lower end of the rigid spray pipe extends out of the container and is fixedly connected with the swing frame, the lower cover and the disperser assembly can integrally swing along with the swing frame downwards so that the disperser body and a dispersing stop block are exposed out of the container through a lower opening of the container, thereby being convenient for cleaning dead corners, the accuracy of experimental data is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to explosion experimental equipment, in particular to a dust explosion parameter experimental method.
Background
The dust explosion experimental equipment is mainly used for measuring explosion characteristic parameters of combustible dust, and mainly comprises the measurement of parameters such as dust explosion concentration and explosion pressure, wherein the dust concentration is one of main factors influencing dust explosion, the dust concentration is generally calculated by the existing experimental equipment through the ratio of dust loading mass to the internal volume of a sphere, for example, Chinese patent 201410743493.8 discloses a dust explosion limit testing device and a testing method thereof, the scheme adopts the steps of putting known amount of dust into a dust storage tank, so as to calculate the dust concentration introduced into the tank, neglects the residue of the dust in an equipment pipeline in the dust spraying process and neglects the condition that the dust does not completely react in the sphere, so that the calculated dust mass participating in the explosion reaction is larger than the actual dust mass participating in the explosion reaction, and the calculated dust explosion lower limit concentration is higher than the actual dust explosion lower limit concentration, the experimental error is increased, and the safety is not good.
On the other hand, current dust explosion experimental apparatus lacks effectual clean system, after the explosion experiment, many unreacted or not totally reacted dust can gather inside the container, especially arrange the deconcentrator of bottom in the container, the blind dead angle position that cannot see is more, gather the dust more easily, the clean mode that current dust explosion experimental apparatus adopted is generally for opening the upper cover of container top opening part, stretch into the container with the dust catcher dust absorption mouth from container top opening part, with unnecessary dust suction in the container, but the dead angle position at deconcentrator can not press close to often to the deconcentrator, the dust clearance at deconcentrator position is incomplete, long-term accumulation, the dust of accumulation easily produces mutual bonding, lead to the clean efficiency of dust catcher to reduce greatly, make the experiment inaccurate.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dust explosion parameter experiment method to solve the problems in the background technology.
A dust explosion parameter experiment method uses a dust explosion parameter experiment device to carry out experiments, the dust explosion parameter experiment device comprises a support, a container arranged on the support, a swinging frame which is connected with the bottom of the container in a swinging way and a disperser component connected with the free end of the swinging frame, the disperser component comprises a disperser main body, a dispersing stop block, a rigid spray pipe, a pipe joint and a flexible pipe, the top of the container is provided with an openable upper cover, the upper cover is provided with an ignition head which can stretch into the container, the bottom of the container is provided with a lower opening with threads, the lower opening is connected with a lower cover through the threads, the lower cover can rotate relative to the lower opening to seal or open the lower opening, the middle area of the cover body of the lower cover is provided with a central through hole, the middle part of the rigid spray pipe in the length direction is positioned in the central through hole, and the lower cover can rotate, the upper end of the rigid spray pipe extends into the container and is connected with the disperser body, the top of the disperser body is provided with a nozzle used for spraying dust along the horizontal direction and a dispersing stop block positioned above the nozzle and used for dispersing the sprayed dust to each part, the lower end of the rigid spray pipe extends out of the container and is fixedly connected with the swing frame, one end of the swing frame is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the container, the other end of the swing frame is a free end which is fixedly connected with the rigid spray pipe, the size of the bottom of the disperser body along the horizontal direction is larger than the diameter of a central through hole of the lower cover so as to prevent the disperser body and the dispersing stop block from falling off from the central through hole, after the lower cover is separated from the lower opening of the container in a screwing manner, the lower cover and the disperser assembly can integrally swing along with the swing frame downwards to enable the disperser body and the dispersing stop block to be exposed out, so as to clean the disperser body and the dispersing stop block;
the lower cover can axially move relative to the rigid spray pipe, the swing frame swings towards the lower part until the disperser body and the dispersing stop block enter the container through the lower opening of the container, and the lower cover can rotate and move upwards until the lower cover is finally completely screwed with the thread of the lower opening;
the pipe joint is arranged at the bottom of the free end of the swing frame and is used for communicating the rigid spray pipe with the flexible pipe, one end of the flexible pipe is connected with the pipe joint, and the other end of the flexible pipe is connected with the dust bin and the air source through the valve component.
Further, the deconcentrator subassembly still includes the connecting axle sleeve, the rigidity spray tube pass through the connecting axle sleeve realize with the rotatable coupling of lower cover, the connecting axle sleeve cover is established at the radial periphery of rigidity spray tube length direction middle part, and the connecting axle sleeve hole closely cup joints with the rigidity spray tube, the radial outer wall of connecting axle sleeve and the rotatable connection of lower cover center through-hole, and the lower cover can be connected the axle sleeve relatively and take place axial and reciprocate.
Furthermore, the axial lower end of the connecting shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the swing frame, and the axial upper end of the connecting shaft sleeve is abutted against the bottom of the disperser main body so as to provide a supporting effect for the disperser main body.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve is connected with the central through hole of the lower cover through a linear bearing sleeve, the outer wall of the linear bearing sleeve is tightly sleeved with the inner wall of the central through hole of the lower cover, and the inner wall of the linear bearing sleeve is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve.
Further, the deconcentrator subassembly still includes the gasket ring, the gasket ring cover of sealing is established at the connecting axle sleeve radial periphery, and the outer lane diameter of gasket ring is greater than the diameter of lower cover central through-hole, and the thickness of gasket ring sets up to satisfying: when the lower cover is screwed to the thread of the lower opening of the container to the limit position, the sealing gasket ring is just pressed between the lower cover and the disperser body so as to realize the sealing at the central through hole of the lower cover.
Further, the outer ring edge of the lower cover is arranged to be of a stepped shaft structure, a small-diameter end of the stepped shaft structure is provided with threads screwed with the lower opening of the container, gear teeth are arranged at a large-diameter end of the stepped shaft structure, a rotatable torque gear is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the container, the torque gear is meshed with the gear teeth at the large-diameter end of the stepped shaft structure, and the lower cover can be rotated by rotating the torque gear.
Preferably, the connection of rigidity spray tube upper end and deconcentrator main part is detachable and is connected, and the lower cover is opened and is drawn open the back downwards, and deconcentrator main part and dispersion dog can be dismantled cleanly.
The dust explosion parameter experiment device further comprises a dust concentration meter, a pressure sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a heating unit, a humidity control unit, a vacuum pumping pump and a pressure release valve, wherein the wall of the container is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, the heating unit is clamped between an inner layer and an outer layer of the wall of the container and used for heating the container, sensing elements of the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are embedded on the inner layer of the container and extend into the container, the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively used for monitoring dust concentration, pressure and temperature and humidity in the container, the humidity control unit is provided with a pipeline leading into the container, the humidity control unit is used for dehumidifying or humidifying by using the gas environment inside the container, and the wall of the container is provided with a pumping hole and a pressure release hole leading from the inside of the container to, the vacuum pumping pump is communicated with the vacuum pumping hole through an electromagnetic valve and is used for enabling the container to reach required gas pressure, the pressure release valve is communicated with the pressure release hole and is used for being opened after the explosion test is finished, and the pressure in the container is consistent with the outside.
Preferably, the container is of a spherical configuration.
The gas source comprises reaction gas participating in explosion reaction and stamping gas used for conveying dust, the reaction gas and the stamping gas are stored in different storage bottles, an outlet of the reaction gas storage bottle is communicated with the container through the valve assembly, and an outlet of the stamping gas storage bottle is connected with an inlet of the dust bin and used for conveying the dust or flushing a pipeline.
The reaction gas is air, oxygen and/or other reaction gases, and the stamping gas is nitrogen.
Preferably, dust explosion parameter experimental apparatus still includes the controller, ignition head, dust concentration meter, pressure sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, heating unit, humidity control unit, evacuation pump, solenoid valve and valve member all by controller electrical connection control, the controller is used for setting up the ignition time of ignition head before the experiment begins and is used for opening the solenoid valve and evacuate the pump and carry out the evacuation to the container with the evacuation pump to reach required vacuum, the controller still is used for gathering the dust concentration data of dust concentration meter in real time in the experimentation after the ignition, in order to carry out accounting and correction to theoretical dust concentration.
The dust explosion parameter experiment method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before explosion: closing the pressure release valve and the outlet of the dust bin, taking a certain amount of dust, putting the dust into the dust bin, opening a switch of the outlet of the punching gas storage bottle, adjusting punching pressure for conveying the dust, and vacuumizing the container;
2) carrying out an explosion experiment: powder spraying, ignition and explosion, wherein a dust concentration meter, a pressure sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor monitor the dust concentration, pressure and temperature and humidity change conditions in the container in real time and transmit the dust concentration, pressure and temperature and humidity change conditions to a controller for subsequent calculation;
3) cleaning the container and dispenser assembly after detonation: after the explosion is finished, opening the pressure relief valve to relieve the pressure of the container, opening an outlet of the stamping gas storage bottle, flushing dust in the dust bin and the pipeline into the container, opening the upper cover, extending a suction port of a dust collector into the container, sucking suspended dust in the container and light dust on the inner wall of the container, unscrewing the lower cover, pulling the swing frame downwards to expose the disperser assembly outside the container, and removing dust and/or explosive residues at dead angles between the disperser main body and the dispersing stop block by using the dust collector and/or a brush;
4) the swing frame is pulled upwards, the lower cover and the lower opening are screwed, and next experiment is prepared.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a dust explosion parameter experiment method, wherein a cover capable of being opened in a rotating mode and a swing frame capable of swinging up and down are arranged at the bottom of an experiment container, a lower cover is connected to the free end of the swing frame, and the lower cover can swing integrally by taking the rotating connection point of the swing frame and the container as the center, so that a disperser main body and a dispersing stop block which are originally positioned in the container and are not easy to clean can be moved out of the container, dust and explosive residues stored in dead corner positions between the disperser main body and the dispersing stop block can be cleaned conveniently, and the accuracy of experiment data is improved. The device of the invention is provided with the dust concentration meter on the container, can monitor the dust concentration in the container in real time, is convenient for checking or correcting the dust concentration calculated theoretically, and further improves the accuracy of experimental data.
The experimental method provided by the invention is provided with the step of cleaning the disperser component at the lower cover of the container after each experiment, so that the current explosion experiment can be prevented from being influenced by the residue of the previous explosion experiment, and the accuracy of experimental data is effectively ensured.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dust explosion parameter experiment device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic view of the connection of the swing frame and the container according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the swing frame and the lower cover are in a downward-opened state);
FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of the connection of the swing frame and the container according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the swing frame and the lower lid are in an upward closed state);
FIG. 4 is a first view (top view) of the preferred embodiment of the present invention swing frame to spreader assembly connection;
FIG. 5 shows a second view (front view) of the connection structure of the swing frame and the spreader assembly according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-container, 10-bracket, 11-dust concentration meter, 12-pressure sensor, 13-temperature and humidity sensor, 14-heating unit, 15-humidity control unit, 16-vacuum pump, 161-electromagnetic valve, 17-pressure release valve, 18-lower opening, 21-hinge, 2-swing frame, 3-disperser component, 31-disperser body, 311-nozzle, 32-dispersing stop, 33-rigid spray pipe, 34-pipe joint, 35-flexible pipe, 36-connecting shaft sleeve, 37-linear bearing sleeve, 38-sealing backing ring, 4-upper cover, 5-ignition head, 6-lower cover, 61-central through hole, 62-external thread, 63-gear tooth, 64-torsion gear, 7-valve component, 8-dust bin, 9-air source.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the experimental apparatus for dust explosion parameters includes a support 10, a container 1 disposed on the support, a swing frame 2 swingably connected to the bottom of the container via a hinge 21, a disperser assembly 3 connected to a free end of the swing frame, a dust concentration meter 11 disposed on the container, a pressure sensor 12, a temperature and humidity sensor 13, a heating unit 14, a humidity control unit 15, a vacuum pump 16 and a pressure release valve 17 communicated with the interior of the container.
In this embodiment, the container wall of the container is configured as an inner-outer double-layer structure, and the heating unit 14 is sandwiched between an inner layer and an outer layer of the container wall and used for heating the container.
In this embodiment, the sensing elements of the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are all embedded on the inner layer of the container and extend into the container, the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively used for monitoring the dust concentration, the pressure and the temperature and humidity in the container, the humidity control unit is provided with a pipeline which is communicated with the interior of the container and is used for dehumidifying or humidifying the gas environment in the container, the wall of the container is provided with a vacuum-pumping hole and a pressure-relief hole which are communicated from the inside of the container to the outside of the container, the evacuation pump 16 is connected to the evacuation hole via a solenoid valve 161, and is used to bring the container to a desired gas pressure, the pressure release valve is communicated with the pressure release hole and is used for being opened after the explosion test is finished, so that the pressure in the container is consistent with the pressure in the outside.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the container 1 has a spherical structure.
The disperser component 3 comprises a disperser body 31, a dispersing stop block 32, a rigid spray pipe 33, a pipe joint 34 and a flexible pipe 35, wherein the top of the container is provided with an openable upper cover 4, the upper cover is provided with an ignition head 5 which can stretch into the container, the bottom of the container is provided with a lower opening 18 with internal threads, the lower opening is connected with a lower cover 6 through the internal threads, the lower cover can rotate relative to the lower opening to seal or open the lower opening, the middle area of the cover body of the lower cover is provided with a central through hole 61, the middle part of the rigid spray pipe in the length direction is positioned in the central through hole, the lower cover can rotate relative to the rigid spray pipe, the upper end of the rigid spray pipe extends into the container and is connected with the disperser body, the top of the disperser body is provided with a spray nozzle 311 for spraying dust along the horizontal direction and the dispersing stop block 32 which is positioned above the spray nozzle and used, the lower end of the rigid spray pipe extends out of the container and is fixedly connected with the swing frame 2, one end of the swing frame is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the container through a hinge 21, the other end of the swing frame is a free end, the free end is fixedly connected with the rigid spray pipe, the rigid spray pipe penetrates through a through hole formed in the swing frame and extends to the position below the swing frame, the size of the bottom of the disperser body along the horizontal direction is larger than the diameter of a central through hole of the lower cover, so that the disperser body and the dispersing stop block are prevented from falling off from the central through hole, after the lower cover is separated from the lower opening of the container in a screwed connection mode, the lower cover disperser and the disperser assembly can integrally swing along with the swing frame downwards, so that the disperser body and the dispersing stop block are exposed out of the container through the lower opening of the container;
the lower cover can axially move relative to the rigid spray pipe (specifically, the outer wall of the rigid spray pipe and the inner wall of a central through hole of the lower cover can be in clearance fit to realize relative rotation and relative axial movement between the lower cover and the rigid spray pipe), the swing frame swings to the disperser body and the dispersing stop block to enter the container through the lower opening of the container, and then the lower cover can rotate and move upwards to finally be completely screwed with the inner thread of the lower opening;
the pipe joint is arranged at the bottom of the free end of the swing frame and is used for communicating the rigid spray pipe with the flexible pipe, one end of the flexible pipe is connected with the pipe joint, and the other end of the flexible pipe is connected with the dust bin 8 and the air source 9 through the valve component 7.
The air supply includes the reaction gas who participates in the explosion reaction and the ram gas who is used for carrying the dust, and reaction gas and ram gas storage are in different storage bottles, the reaction gas storage bottle export is passed through valve member and container intercommunication, the export and the dust storehouse entry linkage of ram gas storage bottle for carry the dust or wash away the pipeline.
In this embodiment, the disperser subassembly still includes connecting sleeve 36, the rotatable coupling of rigidity spray tube realization and lower cover through connecting sleeve, connecting sleeve cover establish the radial periphery at rigidity spray tube length direction middle part, connecting sleeve hole and rigid spray tube closely cup joint, connecting sleeve radial outer wall and the rotatable connection of lower cover central through hole, and the lower cover can take place axial reciprocating relatively connecting sleeve. Specifically, the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve and the inner wall of the central through hole of the lower cover can be in clearance fit, so that relative rotation and relative axial movement between the lower cover and the connecting shaft sleeve are realized.
In this embodiment, the axial lower end of the connecting shaft sleeve is fixedly connected (e.g., welded) to the free end of the swing frame, and the axial upper end of the connecting shaft sleeve abuts against the bottom of the disperser body to support the disperser body.
In this embodiment, the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve is connected with the central through hole of the lower cover through the linear bearing sleeve 37, the outer wall of the linear bearing sleeve is tightly sleeved with the inner wall of the central through hole of the lower cover, and the inner wall of the linear bearing sleeve is slidably connected with the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve.
In this embodiment, the disperser subassembly still includes sealing gasket ring 38, sealing gasket ring cover is established at connecting axle sleeve radial periphery, and sealing gasket ring's outer lane diameter is greater than the diameter of lower cover central through-hole, and sealing gasket ring's thickness sets up to satisfy: when the lower cover and the internal thread of the lower opening of the container are screwed to the limit position, the sealing gasket ring is just tightly pressed between the lower cover and the disperser main body, so that the sealing of a gap between the central through hole of the lower cover and the linear bearing sleeve and the sealing of a pore of the linear bearing sleeve body are realized.
In this embodiment, the outer ring edge of the lower cover is set to be a stepped shaft structure, the small-diameter end of the stepped shaft structure is provided with an external thread 62 screwed with the internal thread of the lower opening of the container, the large-diameter end of the stepped shaft structure is provided with gear teeth 63, the outer wall of the bottom of the container is provided with a rotatable torque gear 64, the torque gear is meshed with the gear teeth of the large-diameter end of the stepped shaft structure, and the lower cover can be rotated by rotating the torque gear.
Preferably, rigidity spray tube upper end is connected for detachable threaded connection with the deconcentrator main part, the installation of the deconcentrator subassembly of being convenient for on the one hand, and on the other hand, the lower cover is opened and is pulled open the back downwards, and the deconcentrator main part can be dismantled with the dispersion dog and get clean, and is more convenient.
In this embodiment, dust explosion parameter experiment device still includes controller (not shown in the figure), ignition head, dust concentration meter, pressure sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, heating unit, humidity control unit, evacuation pump, solenoid valve and valve member all by controller electrical connection control, the controller is used for setting up the ignition time of ignition head before the experiment begins and is used for opening the solenoid valve and evacuation pump and carry out the evacuation to the container to reach required vacuum, the controller still is used for gathering the dust concentration data of dust concentration meter in real time in the experimentation after the ignition, in order to carry out accounting and correction to theoretical dust concentration.
The dust explosion parameter experiment method based on the dust explosion parameter experiment device comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before explosion: closing the pressure release valve and the outlet of the dust bin, taking a certain amount of dust, putting the dust into the dust bin, opening a switch of the outlet of the punching gas storage bottle, adjusting punching pressure for conveying the dust, and vacuumizing the container;
2) carrying out an explosion experiment: powder spraying, ignition and explosion, wherein a dust concentration meter, a pressure sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor monitor the dust concentration, pressure and temperature and humidity change conditions in the container in real time and transmit the dust concentration, pressure and temperature and humidity change conditions to a controller for subsequent calculation;
3) cleaning the container and dispenser assembly after detonation: after the explosion is finished, opening the pressure relief valve to relieve the pressure of the container, opening an outlet of the stamping gas storage bottle, flushing dust in the dust bin and the pipeline into the container, opening the upper cover, extending a suction port of a dust collector into the container, sucking suspended dust in the container and light dust on the inner wall of the container, unscrewing the lower cover, pulling the swing frame downwards to expose the disperser assembly outside the container, and removing dust and/or explosive residues at dead angles between the disperser main body and the dispersing stop block by using the dust collector and/or a brush;
4) the swing frame is pulled upwards, the lower cover and the lower opening are screwed, and next experiment is prepared.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A dust explosion parameter experiment method is characterized in that a dust explosion parameter experiment device is used for carrying out experiments;
the dust explosion parameter experiment device comprises a support (10), a container (1) arranged on the support, a swing frame (2) which is connected with the bottom of the container in a swinging way and a disperser component (3) connected with the free end of the swing frame, wherein the disperser component comprises a disperser main body (31), a dispersing stop block (32), a rigid spray pipe (33), a pipe joint (34) and a flexible pipe (35), an openable upper cover (4) is arranged at the top of the container, an ignition head (5) which can stretch into the container is arranged on the upper cover, a threaded lower opening (18) is arranged at the bottom of the container, a lower cover (6) is connected with the lower opening through threads of the lower opening, the lower cover can rotate relative to the lower opening to seal or open the lower opening, a central through hole (61) is arranged in the middle area of the cover body of the lower cover, and the middle part of the rigid spray pipe, the lower cover can rotate relative to the rigid spray pipe, the upper end of the rigid spray pipe extends into the container and is connected with the disperser body, the top of the disperser body is provided with a nozzle (311) used for spraying dust along the horizontal direction and a dispersing stop block positioned above the nozzle and used for dispersing the sprayed dust to each place, the lower end of the rigid spray pipe extends out of the container and is fixedly connected with the swing frame, one end of the swing frame is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the container, the other end of the swing frame is a free end which is fixedly connected with the rigid spray pipe, the size of the bottom of the disperser body along the horizontal direction is larger than the diameter of a central through hole of the lower cover so as to prevent the disperser body and the dispersing stop block from falling off from the central through hole, after the lower cover is separated from the lower opening of the container and is rotatably connected, the lower cover and the disperser assembly can enable the disperser body and the dispersing stop block to be exposed out of the container through the lower, so as to clean the disperser body and the dispersing stop block;
the lower cover can axially move relative to the rigid spray pipe, the swing frame swings until the disperser body and the dispersing stop block enter the container through the lower opening of the container, and the lower cover can rotate and move upwards until the lower cover is finally completely screwed with the thread of the lower opening;
the pipe joint is arranged at the bottom of the free end of the swing frame and is used for communicating the rigid spray pipe with the flexible pipe, one end of the flexible pipe is connected with the pipe joint, and the other end of the flexible pipe is connected with the dust bin (8) and the air source (9) through the valve component (7);
the experimental method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before explosion: closing the pressure release valve and the outlet of the dust bin, taking a certain amount of dust, putting the dust into the dust bin, opening a switch of the outlet of the punching gas storage bottle, adjusting punching pressure for conveying the dust, and vacuumizing the container;
2) carrying out an explosion experiment: opening the valve component to spray powder, and switching on the ignition head to ignite and explode;
3) cleaning the container and dispenser assembly after detonation: after the explosion is completed, the pressure relief valve is opened to relieve the pressure of the container, the outlet of the stamping gas storage bottle is opened, dust in the dust bin and the pipeline is washed into the container, the upper cover is opened, the suction port of the dust collector stretches into the container, suspended dust in the container and light dust on the inner wall of the container are sucked, the lower cover is unscrewed, the swing frame is pulled downwards, the disperser component is exposed out of the container, and dust and/or explosive residues at dead angle positions between the disperser main body and the dispersing stop block are removed by the dust collector and/or the brush.
2. The experimental method for the parameters of dust explosion according to claim 1, wherein the disperser assembly further comprises a connecting shaft sleeve (36), the rigid spray pipe is rotatably connected with the lower cover through the connecting shaft sleeve, the connecting shaft sleeve is sleeved on the radial periphery of the middle part of the rigid spray pipe in the length direction, an inner hole of the connecting shaft sleeve is tightly sleeved with the rigid spray pipe, the radial outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve is rotatably connected with a central through hole of the lower cover, and the lower cover can axially move up and down relative to the connecting shaft sleeve.
3. A dust explosion parameter experiment method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the axial lower end of the connecting shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the swing frame, and the axial upper end of the connecting shaft sleeve abuts against the bottom of the disperser body to provide a supporting function for the disperser body.
4. A dust explosion parameter experiment method according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve is connected with the central through hole of the lower cover through a linear bearing sleeve (37), the outer wall of the linear bearing sleeve is tightly sleeved with the inner wall of the central through hole of the lower cover, and the inner wall of the linear bearing sleeve is slidably connected with the outer wall of the connecting shaft sleeve.
5. The experimental method of dust explosion parameters of claim 2, wherein the disperser assembly further comprises a sealing grommet (38), the sealing grommet is sleeved on the radial periphery of the connecting shaft sleeve, the diameter of the outer ring of the sealing grommet is greater than that of the central through hole of the lower cover, and the thickness of the sealing grommet is set to satisfy: when the lower cover is screwed to the thread of the lower opening of the container to the limit position, the sealing gasket ring is just pressed between the lower cover and the disperser body so as to realize the sealing at the central through hole of the lower cover.
6. A dust explosion parameter experiment method according to claim 1, wherein the outer ring edge of the lower cover is provided with a stepped shaft structure, the small diameter end of the stepped shaft structure is provided with a thread screwed with the lower opening of the container, the large diameter end of the stepped shaft structure is provided with gear teeth (63), the outer wall of the bottom of the container is provided with a rotatable torque gear (64), the torque gear is meshed with the gear teeth at the large diameter end of the stepped shaft structure, and the lower cover can be rotated by rotating the torque gear.
7. The experimental method for the parameters of dust explosion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the rigid nozzle is detachably connected to the disperser body, and the disperser body and the dispersing block can be detached for cleaning after the lower cover is opened and pulled downwards.
8. The dust explosion parameter experiment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the dust explosion parameter experiment device further comprises a dust concentration meter (11), a pressure sensor (12), a temperature and humidity sensor (13), a heating unit (14), a humidity control unit (15), a vacuum pump (16) and a pressure release valve (17), the wall of the container is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, the heating unit is clamped between an inner layer and an outer layer of the wall of the container and used for heating the container, sensing elements of the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are embedded in the inner layer of the container and extend into the container, the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively used for monitoring dust concentration, pressure and temperature and humidity in the container, and the humidity control unit is provided with a pipeline leading into the container, the humidity control unit is used for dehumidifying or humidifying with the inside gaseous environment of container, be provided with on the container wall from inside the container to the outside evacuation hole and the pressure release hole of container, evacuation pump passes through solenoid valve (161) and evacuation hole intercommunication, and evacuation pump is used for making the container reach required gas pressure, relief valve and pressure release hole intercommunication, the relief valve is used for opening after explosion test finishes, makes container internal pressure unanimous with the external world.
9. The dust explosion parameter experiment method according to claim 8, wherein the dust explosion parameter experiment device further comprises a controller, the ignition head, the dust concentration meter, the pressure sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the heating unit, the humidity control unit, the vacuum pumping pump, the electromagnetic valve and the valve component are all electrically connected and controlled by the controller, the controller is used for setting ignition time of the ignition head before an experiment is started and is used for starting the electromagnetic valve and the vacuum pumping pump to vacuumize the container so as to achieve a required vacuum degree, and the controller is further used for acquiring dust concentration data of the dust concentration meter in real time in an experiment process after the ignition so as to check and correct theoretical dust concentration.
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