CN110762123A - Three-layer composite self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Three-layer composite self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110762123A CN110762123A CN201911176886.4A CN201911176886A CN110762123A CN 110762123 A CN110762123 A CN 110762123A CN 201911176886 A CN201911176886 A CN 201911176886A CN 110762123 A CN110762123 A CN 110762123A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
- F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
- F16C2202/54—Molybdenum disulfide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
- F16C2204/12—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
- F16C2208/58—Several materials as provided for in F16C2208/30 - F16C2208/54 mentioned as option
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/80—Thermosetting resins
- F16C2208/90—Phenolic resin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/20—Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/40—Shaping by deformation without removing material
- F16C2220/44—Shaping by deformation without removing material by rolling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of self-lubricating materials. The three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises a metal base body layer, a spherical porous copper powder layer sintered on one surface of the metal base body layer and a self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer embedded into and covering the spherical porous copper powder layer, wherein the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer comprises aramid fibers, phenolic resin, iron oxide red, molybdenum disulfide, polyamide imide, and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene. The invention adds the additives of aramid fiber, polyamide-imide, molybdenum disulfide, phenolic resin, iron oxide red and the like with lower friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance into the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer, so that the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer has low friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance, and simultaneously the prepared self-lubricating three-layer composite material has better friction and wear resistance under the conditions of dry friction, oil lubrication and grease lubrication, and particularly under the condition of alternate working conditions of oil lubrication and dry friction, the application range of the self-lubricating three-layer composite material is further expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of self-lubricating materials, and particularly relates to a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Three-layer composites in oil-free sliding elements were first developed by glasiasia, england, before and after 1958. The material is prepared by sintering one or more layers of porous bronze powder with a thickness of about 0.04mm to about 0.25mm on a steel plate with a thickness of about 0.2mm to about 10mm as an intermediate layer. Then, a polymer lining layer which is soaked into the middle layer is adhered on the surface. The porous bronze intermediate layer improves the strength and the thermal conductivity of the polymer, and the polymer linings on the two surfaces have the advantages of good friction-speed performance, difficult bite, difficult crawling and the like. With the development of the three-layer composite material, the requirements on the working condition of the three-layer composite material are stricter.
The sliding element made of three-layer composite self-lubricating material is mostly used in dry friction working condition, and the effect is not ideal for working condition of pre-coating lubricating grease or dropping lubricating oil. And the sliding element often needs to be added with lubricating grease or lubricating oil in the using process, which causes inconvenience to the using process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a three-layer composite self-lubricating material, includes metal substrate layer, the spherical porous copper powder layer of sintering in metal substrate layer one side and the self-lubricating antifriction wearing layer of embedding and covering spherical porous copper powder layer, self-lubricating antifriction wearing layer comprises according to weight percent: 3-15% of aramid fiber, 2-10% of phenolic resin, 0-8% of iron oxide red, 1-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-15% of polyamide imide and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene;
in a further scheme, the thickness of the metal base layer is 0.15-10mm, the thickness of the spherical porous copper powder layer is 0.04-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer is 0.01-0.2 mm.
Further, the copper powder in the spherical porous copper powder layer is tin bronze, and the spherical porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 5-11% of tin, 0-4% of zinc and the balance of copper.
Further, the particle size of the tin bronze is 100-200 meshes, preferably 120-160 meshes.
In a further scheme, the metal substrate layer is made of high-quality carbon structural steel.
In a further scheme, the aramid fiber is powdery particles with the particle size less than or equal to 160 um.
In a further embodiment, the polyamideimide is at least one of polyamideimide resin and polyamideimide dispersion liquid; the solids content of the polyamideimide resin or polyamideimide dispersion was 30. + -. 2%.
The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the three-layer composite self-lubricating material, which comprises the following steps:
A. sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer on the metal substrate layer to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;
B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:
(1) mixing powder: putting aramid fiber, phenolic resin, iron oxide red and molybdenum disulfide into a powder stirrer according to the percentage, and stirring for three times at the rotating speed of 200 plus materials and 600r/min, wherein each time lasts for 5-200s, so as to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;
(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid or the polyamide-imide resin into a liquid stirrer according to the percentage, and stirring for 30-400s at the rotating speed of 50-500r/min to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;
(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2), and stirring for 5-30min in a liquid stirrer at the rotating speed of 100-500r/min to obtain a mixture;
(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3) and stirring and demulsifying at the rotating speed of 100-;
C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.01-0.2 mm;
D. drying: drying at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 220 ℃ for 15-60 minutes;
E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.02-0.1 mm;
F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace with nitrogen protection, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at the temperature of 360 ℃ and 390 ℃ for 10-60min, wherein the purity of nitrogen is more than 99.9%;
G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.02-0.04 mm;
H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the aramid fiber has better antifriction and wear-resistant characteristics compared with the common glass fiber material, and the aramid fiber has the advantages of better toughness, higher rigidity and easiness in damaging a workpiece and damaging a self-lubricating film formed on the surface of the workpiece by the self-lubricating material; the phenolic resin has strong adhesion to metal and nonmetal, can effectively improve the bonding strength of the self-lubricating layer antifriction wear-resistant layer and the copper powder layer, has a porous fluffy structure after being cured, can contain antifriction wear-resistant materials, and continuously releases the antifriction wear-resistant materials in the friction and wear process so as to improve the antifriction wear resistance of the materials; the iron oxide red can play a role in reducing friction; the molybdenum disulfide has the characteristics of friction reduction at low temperature, friction increase at high temperature, small ignition loss and easy volatilization in a friction material, and the addition of the molybdenum disulfide can improve the rigidity, hardness and creep resistance of the PTFE; the polyamide-imide has higher tensile strength and excellent wear resistance and adhesive property; the composite material prepared by the invention can adapt to the environments of a rolling shaft sleeve for a gear pump, a rolling shaft sleeve for an oil cylinder and the like, and is suitable for occasions of high, medium load, low rotating speed and the like.
(2) The raw materials used in the invention do not contain lead, which accords with the national trend of lead-free, avoids the pollution of lead to the environment and the harm to the health of human bodies, and simultaneously expands the application field of the self-lubricating three-layer composite material, such as the fields requiring low toxicity of materials, such as food, pharmacy, hydraulic engineering, beverage, medical machinery and the like. The modified polytetrafluoroethylene has low friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance, and the prepared self-lubricating three-layer composite material has good friction and wear resistance under dry friction, oil lubrication and grease lubrication conditions, especially under the working condition of alternating oil lubrication and dry friction, and the application range of the self-lubricating three-layer composite material is further expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-layer composite self-lubricating material prepared by the invention;
in the figure: 1-metal substrate layer, 2-spherical porous copper powder layer and 3-self-lubricating antifriction and wear-resistant layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises a metal substrate layer 1, a spherical porous copper powder layer 2 sintered on one surface of the metal substrate layer 1, and a self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer embedded in and covering the spherical porous copper powder layer 3, wherein the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer 3 is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 3-15% of aramid fiber, 2-10% of phenolic resin, 0-8% of iron oxide red, 1-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-15% of polyamide imide and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Example 1
The invention relates to a high-speed heavy-load self-lubricating gasket, which is made of a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and has a circular ring sheet structure. The self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8% of aramid fiber, 3% of phenolic resin, 4% of molybdenum disulfide, 4% of polyamide-imide, 3% of iron oxide red and 78% of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The polyamide-imide is polyamide-imide dispersion liquid with the content of 30 +/-2 percent, and the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion with the solid content of 60 +/-2 percent.
The copper powder of the porous copper powder layer 2 is tin bronze, and the porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8 percent of tin, 3 percent of zinc and the balance of copper, and the particle size of the copper powder is 140-160 meshes.
The metal matrix layer 1 is a high-quality carbon structural steel plate, and the surface of the high-quality carbon structural steel plate is subjected to copper plating treatment.
The manufacturing method of the three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:
a, sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer with the thickness of 0.3mm on a metal substrate layer with the thickness of 1.0mm to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;
B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:
(1) mixing powder: adding aramid fiber, phenolic resin, molybdenum disulfide and iron oxide red into a powder stirrer according to the proportion, and stirring for three times at the rotating speed of 200r/min, wherein each time is 5s, so as to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;
(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid into a liquid stirrer, and stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 50r/min to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;
(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2), and stirring for 5min in a liquid stirrer at a rotating speed of 100r/min to obtain a mixture;
(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3), stirring and demulsifying to prepare pug;
C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.06 mm;
D. drying: drying at 220 deg.C for 15 min;
E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.02 mm;
F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace with nitrogen protection, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at 385 ℃ for 40min, wherein the purity of nitrogen is over 99.9%;
G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.03 mm;
H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.
I, blanking: blanking according to the size of the gasket.
Example 2
The invention relates to a high-speed heavy-load self-lubricating gasket, which is made of a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and has a circular ring sheet structure. The self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of aramid fiber, 5% of phenolic resin, 3% of molybdenum disulfide, 3% of polyamide-imide and 82% of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The polyamide-imide is polyamide-imide dispersion liquid with the content of 30 +/-2 percent, and the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion with the solid content of 60 +/-2 percent.
The copper powder of the porous copper powder layer 2 is tin bronze, and the porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8 percent of tin, 3 percent of zinc and the balance of copper, and the particle size of the copper powder is 120-140 meshes.
The metal matrix layer 1 is a high-quality carbon structural steel plate, and the surface of the high-quality carbon structural steel plate is subjected to copper plating treatment.
The manufacturing method of the three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:
a, sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer with the thickness of 0.3mm on a metal substrate layer with the thickness of 2.5mm to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;
B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:
(1) mixing powder: adding aramid fiber, phenolic resin and molybdenum disulfide into a powder stirrer according to the proportion, and stirring for three times at the rotating speed of 600r/min, wherein 200s are obtained each time to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;
(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid into a liquid stirrer, and stirring for 400s at the rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;
(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2), and stirring for 30min in a liquid stirrer at a rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixture;
(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3), stirring and demulsifying to prepare pug;
C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.03 mm;
D. drying: drying at 220 deg.C for 15 min;
E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.04 mm;
F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace with nitrogen protection, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at 365 ℃ for 60min, wherein the purity of nitrogen is more than 99.9%;
G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.03 mm;
H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.
I, blanking: blanking according to the size of the gasket.
Example 3
The self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3% of aramid fiber, 10% of phenolic resin, 6% of molybdenum disulfide, 15% of polyamide-imide, 1% of iron oxide red and 65% of polytetrafluoroethylene;
the polyamide-imide is polyamide-imide dispersion liquid with the content of 30 +/-2 percent, and the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion with the solid content of 60 +/-2 percent.
The copper powder of the porous copper powder layer 2 is tin bronze, and the porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8 percent of tin, 3 percent of zinc and the balance of copper, and the particle size of the copper powder is 120-140 meshes.
The metal matrix layer 1 is a high-quality carbon structural steel plate, and the surface of the high-quality carbon structural steel plate is subjected to copper plating treatment.
The manufacturing method of the three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:
a, sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer with the thickness of 0.04mm on a metal substrate layer with the thickness of 0.2mm to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;
B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:
(1) mixing powder: adding aramid fiber, phenolic resin and molybdenum disulfide into a powder stirrer according to the proportion, and stirring for three times at the rotating speed of 600r/min, wherein 200s are obtained each time to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;
(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid into a liquid stirrer, and stirring for 400s at the rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;
(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2), and stirring for 30min in a liquid stirrer at a rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixture;
(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3), stirring and demulsifying to prepare pug;
C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.1 mm;
D. drying: drying at 220 deg.C for 15 min;
E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.08 mm;
F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace with nitrogen protection, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at 365 ℃ for 60min, wherein the purity of nitrogen is more than 99.9%;
G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.03 mm;
H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.
I, blanking: blanking according to the size of the gasket.
Example 4
The self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of aramid fiber, 2% of phenolic resin, 8% of molybdenum disulfide, 7% of polyamide-imide, 7% of iron oxide red and 61% of polytetrafluoroethylene; the polyamide-imide is polyamide-imide dispersion liquid with the content of 30 +/-2 percent, and the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion with the solid content of 60 +/-2 percent.
The copper powder of the porous copper powder layer 2 is tin bronze, and the porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8 percent of tin, 3 percent of zinc and the balance of copper, and the particle size of the copper powder is 120-140 meshes.
The metal matrix layer 1 is a high-quality carbon structural steel plate, and the surface of the high-quality carbon structural steel plate is subjected to copper plating treatment.
The manufacturing method of the three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:
a, sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer with the thickness of 0.5mm on a metal substrate layer with the thickness of 0.10 mm to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;
B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:
(1) mixing powder: adding aramid fiber, phenolic resin and molybdenum disulfide into a powder stirrer according to the proportion, and stirring for three times at the rotating speed of 600r/min, wherein 200s are obtained each time to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;
(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid into a liquid stirrer, and stirring for 400s at the rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;
(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2), and stirring for 30min in a liquid stirrer at a rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixture;
(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3), stirring and demulsifying to prepare pug;
C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.2 mm;
D. drying: drying at 220 deg.C for 15 min;
E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.1 mm;
F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace with nitrogen protection, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at 365 ℃ for 60min, wherein the purity of nitrogen is more than 99.9%;
G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.04 mm;
H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.
I, blanking: blanking according to the size of the gasket.
The material named D prepared in example 1 is compared with a three-layer composite board A, B, C purchased in the prior market, and the friction and wear test is carried out according to the experimental method of GB7948-87 plastic bearing limit PV, and the friction and wear experimental apparatus is as follows: BL-40PV experimental machine, the experimental result is as follows:
when the experimental conditions were oil lubrication, the test speed was 2.5m/s, and the results were as shown in Table 1:
table 1 Experimental conditions are test results in oil lubrication
| Model number | Limit PV value | Final temperature (. degree. C.) | Failure condition | Average coefficient of friction |
| A | 40 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.028 |
| B | 50 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.023 |
| C | 70 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.018 |
| D | 100 | 180℃ | Slight copper exposure | 0.010 |
When the experimental conditions were dry friction and oil lubrication alternated, the test speed was 0.6m/s, step loading was carried out, and the results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 Experimental conditions are test results of dry friction and oil lubrication alternation
| Model number | Limit PV value | Final temperature (. degree. C.) | Failure condition | Average coefficient of friction |
| A | 21.6 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.22 |
| B | 16.8 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.020 |
| C | 19.2 | 180℃ | Slight copper exposure | 0.019 |
| D | 26.4 | 180℃ | Slight copper leakage | 0.013 |
When the experimental conditions were dry friction, the test speed was 0.6m/s, and the results were as shown in Table 3:
table 2 Experimental conditions are test results in dry friction
| Model number | Limit PV value | Final temperature (. degree. C.) | Failure condition | Average coefficient of friction |
| A | 3.4 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.22 |
| B | 3.7 | 180℃ | Severe copper exposure | 0.020 |
| C | 4.2 | 180℃ | Slight copper exposure | 0.019 |
| D | 7.8 | 180℃ | Slight copper leakage | 0.013 |
The table shows that under the same test conditions, the self-lubricating three-layer composite material of the part has excellent frictional wear performance under the working conditions of dry friction, oil lubrication, dry friction and oil lubrication alternately.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Copper bisque and embedding and cover the self-lubricating antifriction wearing layer on globular porous copper bisque, its characterized in that: the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 3-15% of aramid fiber, 2-10% of phenolic resin, 0-8% of iron oxide red, 1-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-15% of polyamide imide and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene.
2. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the metal matrix layer is 0.15-10mm, the thickness of the spherical porous copper powder layer is 0.04-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer is 0.01-0.2 mm.
3. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the copper powder in the spherical porous copper powder layer is tin bronze, and the spherical porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 5-11% of tin, 0-4% of zinc and the balance of copper.
4. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the particle size of the tin bronze is 100-200 meshes.
5. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal substrate layer is made of carbon structural steel.
6. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aramid fiber is powdery particles with the particle size less than or equal to 160 um.
7. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyamide-imide is at least one of polyamide-imide resin and polyamide-imide dispersion liquid.
8. A process for the preparation of a three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer on the metal substrate layer to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;
B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:
(1) mixing powder: mixing aramid fiber, phenolic resin, iron oxide red and molybdenum disulfide according to percentage to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;
(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid or the polyamide-imide resin into a liquid stirrer according to the proportion, and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;
(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2) and stirring in a liquid stirrer to obtain a mixture;
(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3), and demulsifying under the stirring condition to prepare pug;
C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.01-0.2 mm;
D. drying: drying at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 220 ℃ for 15-60 minutes;
E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.02-0.1 mm;
F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace under the protection of inert gas, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at the temperature of between 360 and 390 ℃ for 10 to 60 min;
G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.02-0.04 mm;
H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.
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