CN110761825B

CN110761825B - Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention

Info

Publication number: CN110761825B
Application number: CN201911090371.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵闵辉
Original assignee: Jiangsu Kelibo Automation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: JIANGSU KELIBO AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-08
Filing date: 2019-11-08
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-08
Also published as: CN110761825A

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention, which comprises a tunnel, wherein a highway is arranged below the tunnel, a smoke exhaust device is arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, a rain collecting device is arranged in the ground surface above the tunnel and comprises a sand basin which is arranged on the right side of a smoke exhaust shaft and has an upward opening, a reservoir is arranged in the rear wall of the smoke exhaust shaft and below the sand basin, and a fire extinguishing device is arranged below the reservoir. The fire extinguishing device can play a role in extinguishing fire and saves water resources.

Description

Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation systems, in particular to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention.

Background

With the development of traffic networks, tunnels are generally required to be built when mountains are encountered for convenience of more areas and cost saving, however, for some tunnels with longer lengths, once a fire occurs in the tunnels, smoke in the tunnels is extremely difficult to rapidly disperse, so that the smoke in the tunnels is diffused, visibility is reduced, more traffic accidents can be caused, and even people trapped in the tunnels are suffocated, life safety is threatened, and the fire in the tunnels is generally difficult to rapidly treat, so that fire fighters need to wait for arrival. The present invention sets forth a device that solves the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows:

for some tunnels with longer length, once a fire occurs in the tunnel, smoke in the tunnel is extremely difficult to rapidly disperse, so that the smoke in the tunnel is diffused, the visibility is reduced, more traffic accidents can be caused, and even people trapped in the tunnel are suffocated, so that the life safety is endangered, and the fire in the tunnel is generally difficult to rapidly treat and needs to wait for the arrival of fire fighters.

In order to solve the problems, the embodiment designs a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention, which comprises a tunnel, wherein a road is arranged below the tunnel, a smoke exhaust device is arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, the smoke exhaust device comprises a smoke channel fixedly arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, smoke inductors are uniformly and fixedly arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, smoke exhaust pipes communicated with the tunnel and the smoke channel are fixedly arranged at the left and right sides of the smoke inductors, a first supporting block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the side wall of each smoke exhaust pipe, a first motor electrically connected with the smoke inductors is fixedly arranged in the lower end surface of each first supporting block, a first fan is dynamically connected at the lower end of the first motor, a smoke exhaust shaft with the upper end extending to the outside of the ground is vertically arranged in the upper wall of the smoke channel, and a rain collecting device is arranged in the ground surface above the tunnel, the rain collecting device comprises a sand basin which is arranged at the right side of the smoke discharging vertical shaft and has an upward opening, a first filter screen is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the sand basin, a communicating pipe is communicated with the lower position of the center of the back wall of the desilting basin, a reservoir is arranged in the back wall of the smoke exhaust shaft and below the desilting basin, the other end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the upper end of the side wall of the reservoir, the collected rainwater is settled in the sand settling tank to remove the silt and then flows into the reservoir through the communicating pipe for storage, a fire extinguishing device is arranged below the reservoir and comprises a water outlet channel communicated with the lower wall of the reservoir, a second baffle plate cavity is communicated with the side wall of the water outlet channel, a second baffle plate is arranged in the second baffle plate cavity in a front-back sliding manner, when the second baffle slides to the rear limit position, the second baffle completely closes the water outlet channel. Wherein, fume extractor is including fixed locating smoke passageway upper wall and in the dead lever of the pipe top of discharging fume, the dead lever lower extreme extends to just fixed stopper that is equipped with in the first bracer, gliding be equipped with from top to bottom on the dead lever with the check plate that tub inner wall radius equals of discharging fume, under the check plate terminal surface with the first spring of fixedly connected with between the stopper, work as the check plate is in when discharging fume intraductally, the check plate seals discharge fume the pipe, work as when first fan rotates, under the blowing of air current extremely on the check plate in the smoke passageway.

Preferably, a second supporting block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the smoke exhaust shaft, a second motor is fixedly arranged in the lower end face of the second supporting block, a second fan is connected to the lower end of the second motor in a power mode, an electric heating wire is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the smoke exhaust shaft above the second supporting block, a U-shaped pipe is fixedly and communicated with the upper end of the smoke exhaust shaft, a guide pipe is fixedly and communicated with the lower end of the right side of the U-shaped pipe and is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the U-shaped pipe, the lower end of the guide pipe penetrates through the communicating pipe and extends to the lower portion in the sand settling tank, a third filter screen is fixedly arranged at.

Wherein the rain collecting device comprises a supporting plate which is arranged on the side wall of the reservoir and below the communicating pipe, a graphite layer is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the supporting plate, a water temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the rear wall of the reservoir and below the supporting plate, a third motor which is electrically connected with the water temperature sensor is fixedly arranged in the center of the lower wall of the reservoir, the upper end of the third motor is in power connection with a stirring impeller in the reservoir, a liquid storage cavity is arranged in the front wall of the reservoir, a liquid outlet is communicated between the lower end of the rear wall of the liquid storage cavity and the reservoir, a first baffle cavity is communicated with the upper wall of the liquid outlet, a first baffle is arranged in the first baffle cavity in a way of sliding up and down, a second spring is fixedly connected between the upper end of the first baffle and the upper wall of the first baffle cavity, and a connecting rod with the rear end extending into the reservoir, and a floating ball is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the connecting rod.

Wherein the fire extinguishing device comprises a threaded hole which is arranged on the front end surface of the second baffle plate and has a forward opening, a first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear wall of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft in front of the second baffle plate cavity, the rear end of the first rotating shaft extends into the cavity of the second baffle plate and is fixedly provided with a screw rod which is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, a first helical gear is fixedly arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft in the smoke exhaust shaft, a third supporting block is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the smoke exhaust shaft and above the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is arranged on the third supporting block in a vertically penetrating and rotatable manner, a third fan is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second rotating shaft above the third supporting block, a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second rotating shaft below the third supporting block, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the upper end surface of the second bevel gear and the lower wall of the third supporting block.

Preferably, symmetry and equipartition are equipped with the intercommunication in around in the tunnel upper wall in the outlet pipe of water channel, the one end that the outlet pipe is close to the symmetric center extends to tunnel internal fixation and intercommunication are equipped with the shower nozzle, the symmetry is equipped with the ascending drain way of opening around the public road up end, public road up end inlay in symmetry and fixed pavement that is equipped with around the drain way top, terminal surface is equipped with the intercommunication in drain way and opening opposite direction's outlet under the pavement, the fixed second filter screen that is equipped with in one side that is close to the symmetric center between the lower wall on the outlet.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can quickly react when fire occurs in the tunnel, discharge the diffused smoke in the tunnel, prevent the visibility in the tunnel from being reduced due to the diffused smoke, influence the breath of trapped people in the tunnel, strengthen the safety guarantee when the fire occurs in the tunnel, simultaneously automatically connect the reservoir while discharging the smoke, carry out fire extinguishing operation, automatically interrupt and communicate with the reservoir after the fire is over, play a role in extinguishing the fire and save water resources.

Drawings

For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following specific examples and figures.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken in the direction "A-A" of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-3, for the sake of convenience, the orientations described hereinafter being defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The invention relates to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention, which is mainly applied to the work of fire prevention and smoke exhaust in a centering tunnel, and the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings of the invention:

the invention relates to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire prevention, which comprises a tunnel 11, wherein a road 12 is arranged below the tunnel 11, a smoke exhaust device 101 is arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel 11, the smoke exhaust device 101 comprises a smoke channel 13 fixedly arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel 11, smoke inductors 63 are uniformly and fixedly arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel 11, smoke exhaust pipes 14 communicated with the tunnel 11 and the smoke channel 13 are fixedly arranged at the left and right sides of the smoke inductors 63, a first supporting block 15 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the side wall of each smoke exhaust pipe 14, a first motor 16 electrically connected with the smoke inductors 63 is fixedly arranged in the lower end face of each first supporting block 15, a first fan 17 is dynamically connected at the lower end of each first motor 16, a smoke exhaust vertical shaft 22 with the upper end extending to the outside of the ground is vertically arranged in the upper wall of the smoke channel 13, and a rain collecting device 102 is arranged in the ground surface above the, the rain collecting device 102 comprises a sand settling tank 29 which is arranged on the right side of the smoke exhaust shaft 22 and has an upward opening, a first filter screen 30 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the sand settling tank 29, a communicating pipe 31 is communicated with the position of the lower center of the rear wall of the sand settling tank 29, a reservoir 32 is arranged in the rear wall of the smoke exhaust shaft 22 and below the sand settling tank 29, the other end of the communicating pipe 31 is communicated with the upper end of the side wall of the reservoir 32, collected rainwater is settled in the sand settling tank 29 to remove silt and then flows into the reservoir 32 through the communicating pipe 31 for storage, a fire extinguishing device 103 is arranged below the reservoir 32, the fire extinguishing device 103 comprises a water outlet channel 45 communicated with the lower wall of the reservoir 32, the side wall of the water outlet channel 45 is communicated with a second baffle cavity 46, a second baffle 47 is arranged in the second baffle cavity 46 in a front-back sliding manner, when, the second baffle 47 completely closes the water outlet passage 45.

According to an embodiment, a detailed description is given below on the smoke exhaust device 101, the smoke exhaust device 101 includes a fixing rod 18 fixedly disposed on the upper wall of the smoke channel 13 and above the smoke exhaust pipe 14, the lower end of the fixing rod 18 extends into the first supporting block 15 and is fixedly provided with a limiting block 19, the fixing rod 18 is provided with a check plate 20 which is equal to the radius of the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 14 in a manner of sliding up and down, a first spring 21 is fixedly connected between the lower end surface of the check plate 20 and the limiting block 19, when the check plate 20 is located in the smoke exhaust pipe 14, the check plate 20 seals the smoke exhaust pipe 14, and when the first fan 17 rotates, the check plate 20 slides up into the smoke channel 13 under the blowing of the air flow.

Beneficially, the lower end of the side wall of the smoke evacuation shaft 22 is fixedly provided with a second supporting block 23, the lower end face of the second supporting block 23 is fixedly provided with a second motor 24, the lower end of the second motor 24 is in power connection with a second fan 25, the side wall of the smoke evacuation shaft 22 is fixedly provided with an electric heating wire 26 above the second supporting block 23, the upper end of the smoke evacuation shaft 22 is fixedly and communicated with a U-shaped pipe 27, the lower end of the right side of the U-shaped pipe 27 is fixedly and communicated with a guide pipe 28, the lower end of the guide pipe 28 penetrates through the communicating pipe 31 and extends to the lower part in the sand basin 29, the lower end of the side wall of the guide pipe 28 is fixedly provided with a third filter screen 64, and after smoke airflow generated by combustion is heated.

According to the embodiment, the rain collecting device 102 is described in detail below, the rain collecting device 102 includes a supporting plate 33 disposed on a side wall of the reservoir 32 and below the communicating pipe 31, a graphite layer 34 is fixedly disposed on an upper end surface of the supporting plate 33, a water temperature sensor 35 is fixedly disposed on a rear wall of the reservoir 32 and below the supporting plate 33, a third motor 36 electrically connected to the water temperature sensor 35 is fixedly disposed in a center of a lower wall of the reservoir 32, a stirring impeller 37 is dynamically connected to an upper end of the third motor 36 in the reservoir 32, a liquid storage chamber 38 is disposed in a front wall of the reservoir 32, a liquid outlet 39 is disposed between a lower end of a rear wall of the liquid storage chamber 38 and the reservoir 32, a first baffle chamber 40 is disposed on an upper wall of the liquid outlet 39, a first baffle 41 is slidably disposed in the first baffle chamber 40 up and down, a second spring 42 is fixedly connected between an upper end of the first baffle 41 and an upper wall of the first baffle chamber 40, the lower end of the rear end face of the first baffle plate 41 is fixedly provided with a connecting rod 43, the rear end of the connecting rod extends into the reservoir 32, and the rear end of the connecting rod 43 is fixedly provided with a floating ball 44.

According to an embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus 103 is described in detail below, the fire extinguishing apparatus 103 includes a threaded hole 48 provided at a front end surface of the second baffle 47 and having a forward opening, a first rotating shaft 49 is rotatably provided at a rear wall of the smoke evacuation shaft 22 and in front of the second baffle cavity 46, a screw 50 is fixedly provided at a rear end of the first rotating shaft 49 and extends into the second baffle cavity 46, the screw 50 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 48, a first helical gear 51 is fixedly provided at a front end of the first rotating shaft 49 in the smoke evacuation shaft 22, a third supporting block 52 is fixedly provided at a side wall of the smoke evacuation shaft 22 and above the first rotating shaft 49, a second rotating shaft 53 is vertically and rotatably provided at the third supporting block 52, a third fan 54 is fixedly provided at an upper end of the second rotating shaft 53 above the third supporting block 52, and a second helical gear meshed with the first helical gear 51 is fixedly provided at a lower end of the second rotating shaft 53 below the third supporting block 52 And a torsion spring 56 is fixedly connected between the upper end surface of the second bevel gear 55 and the lower wall of the third supporting block 52.

Beneficially, water outlet pipes 57 communicated with the water outlet channel 45 are symmetrically and uniformly distributed in the upper wall of the tunnel 11 from front to back, one ends of the water outlet pipes 57 close to the symmetric center extend into the tunnel 11 and are fixedly and communicatively provided with spray heads 58, water discharge channels 59 with upward openings are symmetrically and forwardly arranged on the upper end face of the road 12, the upper end face of the road 12 is embedded in the water discharge channels 59 and is symmetrically and fixedly provided with sidewalks 60 from front to back, the lower end face of the sidewalks 60 is provided with water discharge ports 61 communicated with the water discharge channels 59 and with opposite openings, and a second filter screen 62 is fixedly arranged on one side of the water discharge ports 61 close to the symmetric center between the upper wall and the lower.

The following describes in detail the use steps of a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system for fire protection in conjunction with fig. 1 to 3:

at the beginning, the check plate 20 is in the smoke exhaust pipe 14, the smoke exhaust pipe 14 is in a closed state, the first baffle plate 41 is in a lower limit position, the liquid outlet 39 is completely closed by the first baffle plate 41, the second spring 42 is always in a compressed state, the second baffle plate 47 is in a rear limit position, and the water outlet channel 45 is completely closed by the second baffle plate 47.

When the device works, when rainfall occurs, rainwater is filtered by the first filter screen 30 to remove larger impurities and then flows into the desilting basin 29, sand and stone are removed in the desilting basin 29, the rainwater flows into the reservoir 32 through the communicating pipe 31, residual mixed particles in the rainwater are filtered by the graphite layer 34 and then are stored in the reservoir 32, when the temperature in winter is low, the water temperature sensor 35 senses that the water temperature is about to reach zero, the third motor 36 is started, the third motor 36 drives the stirring impeller 37 to rotate, the stirring impeller 37 stirs the water in the reservoir 32, the upward pushing force generated when the water rotates pushes the floating ball 44 upwards, the floating ball 44 pushes the first baffle plate 41 upwards through the connecting rod 43, the antifreeze liquid stored in the liquid storage cavity 38 flows into the water in the reservoir 32 through the liquid outlet 39 and is uniformly stirred, the water in the reservoir 32 is prevented from being frozen and the normal use is prevented, when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel 11, the first motor 16 and the second motor 24 are started when smoke sensors 63 sense the smoke in, the first motor 16 is started to drive the first fan 17 to rotate, the first fan 17 sucks smoke in the tunnel 11 into the smoke exhaust pipe 14, the airflow pushes the check plate 20 upwards to make the check plate 20 slide upwards to separate from the smoke exhaust pipe 14, the smoke exhaust pipe 14 enters the smoke passage 13, the second motor 24 is started to drive the second fan 25 to rotate, the second fan 25 induces air to suck the smoke in the smoke passage 13 into the smoke exhaust vertical shaft 22, the heating wire 26 is electrified to heat the passing smoke airflow, the airflow is heated and accelerated to rise and enter the guide pipe 28, smoke particles in the smoke are filtered by the third filter screen 64 and then discharged into water in the sand basin 29, the smoke is discharged after being cooled by the water in the sand basin 29, the influence on the environment around the sand basin 29 is reduced, when the hot airflow in the smoke exhaust vertical shaft 22 rises, the hot airflow drives the third fan 54 to rotate, and the third fan 54 drives the second rotating shaft 53 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 49 is driven to rotate through gear engagement, the screw 50 rotates and drives the second baffle plate 47 to slide to the front limit position through thread engagement, the water outlet channel 45 is communicated, water in the water storage tank 32 is sprayed out from the spray head 58 at a high speed through the water outlet channel 45 and the water outlet pipe 57 by water pressure generated by height difference for fire extinguishing and dust settling, after the second baffle plate 47 slides to the front limit position, the screw 50 and the first rotating shaft 49 are clamped to stop rotating, the third fan 54 and the second rotating shaft 53 stop rotating, when fire is over and hot air flow does not rise in the smoke exhaust vertical shaft 22, under the action of the torsion spring 56, the second bevel gear 55 rotates reversely and drives the first rotating shaft 49 to rotate reversely through gear engagement, the screw 50 rotates reversely to drive the second baffle plate 47 to slide to the rear limit position, and the second baffle plate 47 closes the water outlet channel 45 again to return to the initial state.

In the above manner, a person skilled in the art can make various changes depending on the operation mode within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tunnel ventilation system of discharging fume for fire prevention which characterized in that: the road-type smoke exhausting device comprises a tunnel, wherein a road is arranged below the tunnel, a smoke exhausting device is arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, the smoke exhausting device comprises a smoke channel fixedly arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, smoke inductors are uniformly and fixedly arranged in the upper wall of the tunnel, smoke exhausting pipes communicated with the tunnel and the smoke channel are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the smoke inductors, a first supporting block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the side wall of each smoke exhausting pipe, a first motor electrically connected with the smoke inductors is fixedly arranged in the lower end face of the first supporting block, the lower end of the first motor is in power connection with a first fan, and a smoke exhausting vertical shaft with the upper end extending out of the ground is vertically arranged in the upper wall of the; a rain collecting device is arranged in the earth surface above the tunnel, the rain collecting device comprises a desilting basin which is arranged on the right side of the smoke exhaust shaft and has an upward opening, a first filter screen is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the desilting basin, a communicating pipe is communicated with the position, which is lower than the center of the rear wall of the desilting basin, of the smoke exhaust shaft, a reservoir is arranged in the rear wall of the smoke exhaust shaft and below the desilting basin, the other end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the upper end of the side wall of the reservoir, and collected rainwater flows into the reservoir through the communicating pipe after settling in the; a fire extinguishing device is arranged below the reservoir and comprises a water outlet channel communicated with the lower wall of the reservoir, the side wall of the water outlet channel is communicated with a second baffle plate cavity, a second baffle plate is arranged in the second baffle plate cavity in a front-back sliding manner, and when the second baffle plate slides to a rear limit position, the second baffle plate completely seals the water outlet channel; the smoke exhaust device comprises a fixed rod which is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the smoke channel and above the smoke exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the fixed rod extends into the first supporting block and is fixedly provided with a limiting block; a check plate with the radius equal to that of the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the fixed rod in a vertically sliding mode, a first spring is fixedly connected between the lower end face of the check plate and the limiting block, when the check plate is located in the smoke exhaust pipe, the smoke exhaust pipe is sealed by the check plate, and when the first fan rotates, the check plate slides into the smoke channel under the blowing of air flow; a second supporting block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the smoke exhaust shaft, a second motor is fixedly arranged in the lower end face of the second supporting block, the lower end of the second motor is in power connection with a second fan, and heating wires are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the smoke exhaust shaft and above the second supporting block; the upper end of the smoke exhaust vertical shaft is fixedly and communicated with a U-shaped pipe, the lower end of the right side of the U-shaped pipe is fixedly and communicated with a guide pipe, and the lower end of the guide pipe penetrates through the communicating pipe and extends to the lower part in the sand settling tank; a third filter screen is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the guide pipe, and hot air flow can quickly rise to the upper part after smoke dust air flow generated by combustion is heated by the electric heating wire; the rain collecting device comprises a supporting plate which is arranged on the side wall of the reservoir and below the communicating pipe, and a graphite layer is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the supporting plate; a water temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the rear wall of the reservoir and below the supporting plate, a third motor electrically connected with the water temperature sensor is fixedly arranged in the center of the lower wall of the reservoir, and the upper end of the third motor is in power connection with a stirring impeller in the reservoir; a liquid storage cavity is arranged in the front wall of the reservoir, a liquid outlet is communicated between the lower end of the rear wall of the liquid storage cavity and the reservoir, a first baffle cavity is communicated with the upper wall of the liquid outlet, a first baffle is arranged in the first baffle cavity in a vertically sliding manner, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the upper end of the first baffle and the upper wall of the first baffle cavity; the lower end of the rear end face of the first baffle is fixedly provided with a connecting rod of which the rear end extends into the water storage tank, and the rear end of the connecting rod is fixedly provided with a floating ball; the fire extinguishing device comprises a threaded hole which is arranged on the front end face of the second baffle and is provided with a forward opening; a first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear wall of the smoke exhaust shaft and in front of the second baffle cavity, the rear end of the first rotating shaft extends into the second baffle cavity and is fixedly provided with a screw rod, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, and a first helical gear is fixedly arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft in the smoke exhaust shaft; a third supporting block is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the smoke exhaust shaft above the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is arranged on the third supporting block in a vertically penetrating and rotatable mode, a third fan is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second rotating shaft above the third supporting block, a second helical gear meshed with the first helical gear is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second rotating shaft below the third supporting block, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the upper end face of the second helical gear and the lower wall of the third supporting block; water outlet pipes communicated with the water outlet channels are symmetrically and uniformly distributed in the upper wall of the tunnel from front to back, and one ends of the water outlet pipes, which are close to the symmetric center, extend into the tunnel and are fixedly communicated with spray heads; the highway upper end surface is provided with water drainage channels with upward openings in a front-back symmetrical mode, the highway upper end surface is embedded in the water drainage channels, the front side and the back side of the upper end surface are symmetrical and fixedly provided with sidewalks, the lower end surface of each sidewalk is provided with water outlets communicated with the water drainage channels and with opposite openings, and a second filter screen is fixedly arranged on one side, close to a symmetrical center, between the upper wall and the lower wall of each water outlet.