CN110758738A - Unmanned aerial vehicle for surveying and mapping - Google Patents

Unmanned aerial vehicle for surveying and mapping Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110758738A
CN110758738A CN201911170990.2A CN201911170990A CN110758738A CN 110758738 A CN110758738 A CN 110758738A CN 201911170990 A CN201911170990 A CN 201911170990A CN 110758738 A CN110758738 A CN 110758738A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
unmanned aerial
aerial vehicle
lifting
rod
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201911170990.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹培国
宋佰万
薛伟
付明生
袁金锦
张敏
贾兵
赵德良
陈杨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shandong Institute of Geological Surveying and Mapping
Original Assignee
Shandong Institute of Geological Surveying and Mapping
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shandong Institute of Geological Surveying and Mapping filed Critical Shandong Institute of Geological Surveying and Mapping
Priority to CN201911170990.2A priority Critical patent/CN110758738A/en
Publication of CN110758738A publication Critical patent/CN110758738A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C39/00Aircraft not otherwise provided for
    • B64C39/02Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00Alighting gear
    • B64C25/02Undercarriages
    • B64C25/08Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
    • B64C25/10Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00Alighting gear
    • B64C25/02Undercarriages
    • B64C25/08Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
    • B64C25/10Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
    • B64C25/18Operating mechanisms
    • B64C25/24Operating mechanisms electric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/08Arrangements of cameras
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C11/00Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
    • G01C11/02Picture taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein a motor is fixed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a middle rod is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a camera is fixedly arranged at one end of the middle rod, an auxiliary camera is fixedly arranged at the other end of the middle rod, a lifting and releasing rod and a lifting and releasing expansion bracket are arranged below a connecting rod, one end of the lifting and releasing rod is hinged with the outer wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the other end of the lifting and releasing rod is hinged with the lifting and releasing expansion bracket, a support is vertically fixed at the top end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a plurality of annular motors which are distributed at equal intervals are fixedly arranged on the support, a propeller is fixedly arranged on a rotor. The invention prolongs the endurance time of the unmanned aerial vehicle, can be suitable for surveying and mapping large terrains or complex terrains, and can carry out local amplification and clear shooting on the complex terrains.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle for surveying and mapping
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping equipment, in particular to a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
Unmanned aerial vehicles can be classified into military and civil applications according to the application field. For military use, unmanned aerial vehicles divide into reconnaissance aircraft and target drone. In the civil aspect, the unmanned aerial vehicle is applied to the fields of aerial photography, agriculture, plant protection, self-timer, express transportation, disaster relief, wild animal observation, infectious disease monitoring, surveying and mapping, news reporting, electric power inspection, disaster relief, film and television shooting, romantic manufacturing and the like, and the application of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greatly expanded.
As the promotion of traditional aerospace remote sensing means, unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping technology becomes a research hotspot. Present unmanned aerial vehicle is very big to task requirement and service condition difference of difference, and it is inconvenient mostly to carry and use, and bearing capacity is relatively poor moreover, and the weight that leads to power configuration is very limited, makes unmanned aerial vehicle duration too short, can only be applied to the survey and drawing in little regional topography, the short time, can not satisfy the great or complicated survey and drawing of topography and use, and the function of making a video recording is too single moreover, can not enlarge clear the shooting to more complicated topography.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, which solves the problems in the prior art, prolongs the endurance time of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and is suitable for surveying and mapping of large terrains or complex terrains.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein a motor is fixed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly provided with a middle rod, one end of the middle rod is fixedly provided with a camera, the other end of the middle rod is fixedly provided with an auxiliary camera, two side ends of the unmanned aerial vehicle are fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged connecting rod, a lifting and releasing rod and a lifting and releasing telescopic frame are arranged below the connecting rod, one end of the lifting and releasing rod is hinged with the outer wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the other end of the lifting and releasing rod is hinged with the lifting and releasing telescopic frame, the top end of the unmanned aerial vehicle is vertically fixed with a support, a plurality of annular motors which are distributed at equal intervals are fixedly arranged on the support, a propeller is fixed on a rotor of each annular motor, and is rotationally connected with, the motor, rise and fall receive and release the pole, rise and fall expansion bracket and all the ring motor all with unmanned aerial vehicle's power equipment is connected.
Preferably, a duct is vertically fixed on the support, and the annular motor and the propeller are both located in the duct.
Preferably, the ring motors are electrically connected with the power equipment by using wires, the central rod is of a hollow structure, and the wires are arranged in the central rod in a penetrating mode.
Preferably, unmanned aerial vehicle's top is equipped with the vocal ware, the vocal ware can make sound and ruddiness.
Preferably, a processor is arranged at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the processor comprises an acquisition module and a PPK module, the acquisition module is installed in a shell of the camera, the acquisition module is electrically connected with a core of the camera, the PPK module is installed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the PPK module is electrically connected with the acquisition module; when the movement shoots, a jump signal is synchronously generated, the acquisition module captures the jump signal and then forwards the jump signal to the PPK module so as to start the PPK module to work to position and record pos point data.
Preferably, the lifting and retracting rod and the lifting and retracting frame are electric push rods, the lifting and retracting rod and the lifting and retracting frame are electrically connected with the power equipment, supporting lugs are arranged at the top ends of the lifting and retracting frame, and stop blocks matched with the supporting lugs in position are arranged on the connecting rods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the unmanned aerial vehicle, the bearing capacity of the unmanned aerial vehicle is obviously increased by arranging the annular motors which are distributed at equal intervals and the propellers which are fixed on the rotors of the annular motors, so that power equipment can be increased, more cruising energy can be stored, the cruising time can be prolonged, the unmanned aerial vehicle is suitable for surveying and mapping large terrains or complex terrains, meanwhile, an auxiliary camera can be independently set to locally amplify and clearly shoot the complex terrains while a camera is used for carrying out fixed-scale surveying and mapping, the fixed-focus and fixed-route surveying and mapping of the camera are not influenced, the complex terrains can be clearly analyzed, and the efficiency of topographic surveying and mapping and topographic analysis is obviously improved; and through the setting of the lifting telescopic frame and the lifting receiving and releasing rod, the lifting telescopic frame and the lifting receiving and releasing rod can be folded when the aircraft is not lifted, so that the resistance in flight is reduced, and the extension of the flight time is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
wherein: 1-drone, 2-bracket, 3-duct, 4-ring motor, 5-center pole, 6-propeller, 7-sounder, 8-dog, 9-support lug, 10-telescopic, 11-telescopic, 12-motor, 13-housing, 14-camera, 15-processor, 16-auxiliary camera.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1: the embodiment provides a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle 1, wherein a motor 12 is fixed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, an intermediate rod is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor 12, a camera 14 is fixedly arranged at one end of the intermediate rod, an auxiliary camera 16 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the intermediate rod, the auxiliary camera 16 can be a common camera or a video camera or an infrared camera in the prior art, when the device is used in daytime, the camera 14 is used for surveying and mapping, the auxiliary camera 16 can be set to different focal lengths according to the functional requirements, double-scale surveying and mapping of the camera 14 and the auxiliary camera 16 can be realized, aerial photography can be carried out by using the auxiliary camera 16, or partial enlarged shooting and analysis of complex terrains, and can also be used for shooting at night by using the auxiliary camera 16, thereby make this embodiment unmanned aerial vehicle can carry out uninterrupted duty night daytime, make this embodiment unmanned aerial vehicle possess multiple functions and multiple use simultaneously. The equal fixed connection in both sides end of unmanned aerial vehicle 1 has the connecting rod that the level set up, and the below of connecting rod is equipped with the pole 11 and the expansion bracket 10 that rises and falls of receiving and releasing, and the one end of the pole 11 of receiving and releasing that rises and falls is articulated with unmanned aerial vehicle 1's outer wall, and the other end of the pole 11 of receiving and releasing that rises and falls is articulated with the expansion bracket 10 that rises and falls, and motor 12, the pole 11 of receiving and releasing that rises and falls and expansion bracket 10 all are connected with unmanned. When unmanned aerial vehicle 1 flies, will rise and fall the expansion bracket 10 earlier and contract, the pole 11 is received and released to the shrink that rises and falls again to the pulling expansion bracket 10 is folding to 1 inboard of unmanned aerial vehicle, thereby reduces unmanned aerial vehicle 1's flight resistance, and when unmanned aerial vehicle 1 rises and falls, stretches out earlier and rises and falls to receive and release the pole 11, pushes away the expansion bracket 10 that rises and falls to vertical state, stretches out the expansion bracket 10 that rises and falls again, in order to play the effect that supports unmanned aerial vehicle 1.
A support 2 is vertically fixed at the top end of an unmanned aerial vehicle 1, a plurality of annular motors 4 which are distributed at equal intervals are fixedly arranged on the support 2, all the annular motors 4 are connected with power equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, a propeller 6 is fixed on a rotor of each annular motor 4, the propellers 6 are rotatably connected with a central rod 5 of the support 2, a duct 3 is vertically fixed on the support 2, the annular motors 4 and the propellers 6 are positioned in the duct 3, in the traditional method, the air at the tips of the propellers 6 can not be utilized (namely, the air can run off from the tips), further, the effective channel area of the air is reduced, the channel area of the air is enlarged just by arranging the duct 3, the thrust generated by the propeller 6 is further improved, the bearing capacity of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is increased, and make screw 6 no longer expose outside, improved unmanned aerial vehicle 1's portability and reduced the noise. The annular motors 4 are electrically connected with power equipment through wires, the central rod 5 is of a hollow structure, and the wires are all arranged in the central rod 5 in a penetrating mode. The arrangement of the plurality of propellers 6 reduces the load on each stage of propeller 6, and the thrust required to be generated on each stage of propeller 6 is significantly reduced and more efficient in the case of generating the same thrust, so that the present embodiment has the following advantages: 1) the requirement on the strength performance of each stage of propeller 6 is reduced, so that each stage of propeller 6 can be optimized, and the propeller 6 is designed to be lighter; 2) the rotating speed of each stage of the annular motor 4 can be obviously reduced, so that the propeller 6 is prevented from vibrating due to the high-speed rotation of the annular motor 4; 3) thrust is showing the increase, can increase power equipment, can be equipped with the deposit power even, prolongs 1 duration of unmanned aerial vehicle, makes its survey and drawing that is applicable to great topography and more complicated topography.
In this embodiment, the rod 11 and the expansion bracket 10 are preferably electric push rod, the rod 11 and the expansion bracket 10 are electrically connected to the power equipment, the top end of the expansion bracket 10 is provided with the supporting bump 9, the connecting rod is provided with the stopper 8 matched with the supporting bump 9, when the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 falls, the expansion bracket 10 is folded to be vertical, the supporting force on the ground is received at the moment, and then the supporting bump 9 is utilized to transmit the connecting rod and the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 between the supporting force, thereby achieving better supporting effect.
Unmanned aerial vehicle 1's top can also be equipped with vocal ware 7 in this embodiment, and vocal ware 7 can make a sound and ruddiness, drives aerial birds, makes it keep away from unmanned aerial vehicle 1 to avoid taking place the collision each other. The bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is provided with a processor 15, the processor 15 comprises an acquisition module and a PPK module, the acquisition module is installed in a shell 13 of a camera 14 and is electrically connected with a core of the camera 14, the PPK module is installed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 and is electrically connected with the acquisition module; when the movement shoots, a jump signal is synchronously generated, the acquisition module captures the jump signal and then forwards the jump signal to the PPK module so as to start the PPK module to work to position and record pos point data. When the movement of the camera 14 starts shooting, a trigger signal is synchronously generated, the trigger signal is generally used for starting a flash lamp to work in the prior art, in this embodiment, the trigger signal is used for starting the PPK module to work, specifically, when the movement does not shoot, a current signal between the acquisition module and the movement is at a high level, and the trigger signal is at a low level, that is, when the movement has a shooting action, the current signal between the acquisition module and the movement jumps and changes from the high level to the low level, a falling edge and a rising edge are generated at this time, the acquisition module captures the falling edge signal, the falling edge signal is recorded as a jump signal, and then the captured jump signal is forwarded to the PPK module, and the PPK module is started to work to position and record pos point data, so that the response speed of the PPK module can be improved, and the positioning accuracy is improved.
It should be noted that the ring-shaped motor 4, the sounder 7, the lifting telescopic frame 10, the lifting retracting and releasing rod 11, the motor 12, the processor 15, and the auxiliary camera 16 are all electrically connected to the control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, and the control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 controls the actions of the components uniformly and automatically.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A survey and drawing unmanned aerial vehicle, its characterized in that: comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a motor is fixed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, an intermediate rod is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor, one end of the middle rod is fixedly provided with a camera, the other end of the middle rod is fixedly provided with an auxiliary camera, the two side ends of the unmanned aerial vehicle are fixedly connected with horizontally arranged connecting rods, a lifting and retracting rod and a lifting and retracting frame are arranged below the connecting rods, one end of the lifting and releasing rod is hinged with the outer wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the other end of the lifting and releasing rod is hinged with the lifting telescopic frame, a bracket is vertically fixed at the top end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a plurality of annular motors which are distributed at equal intervals are fixedly arranged on the bracket, a propeller is fixed on a rotor of each annular motor, the screw all with the well core rod of support rotates and is connected, the motor, rise and fall to receive and release the pole, rise and fall expansion bracket and all the ring motor all with unmanned aerial vehicle's power equipment is connected.
2. Surveying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: a duct is vertically fixed on the support, and the annular motor and the propeller are both positioned in the duct.
3. Surveying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annular motors are electrically connected with the power equipment through wires, the central rod is of a hollow structure, and the wires are arranged in the central rod in a penetrating mode.
4. Surveying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: unmanned aerial vehicle's top is equipped with the vocal ware, the vocal ware can make a sound and ruddiness.
5. Surveying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a processor, the processor comprises an acquisition module and a PPK module, the acquisition module is installed in a shell of the camera, the acquisition module is electrically connected with a core of the camera, the PPK module is installed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the PPK module is electrically connected with the acquisition module; when the movement shoots, a jump signal is synchronously generated, the acquisition module captures the jump signal and then forwards the jump signal to the PPK module so as to start the PPK module to work to position and record pos point data.
6. Surveying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power equipment is characterized in that the lifting and releasing rod and the lifting and retracting frame are electric push rods, the lifting and releasing rod and the lifting and retracting frame are all electrically connected with the power equipment, supporting lugs are arranged at the top ends of the lifting and retracting frame, and stop blocks matched with the supporting lugs in position are arranged on the connecting rods.
CN201911170990.2A 2019-11-26 2019-11-26 Unmanned aerial vehicle for surveying and mapping Pending CN110758738A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112319783A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-02-05 尚良仲毅(沈阳)高新科技有限公司 System and unmanned aerial vehicle rise and fall
WO2022165740A1 (en) * 2021-02-05 2022-08-11 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Infrared camera module, control method, and unmanned aerial vehicle
WO2024065915A1 (en) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-04 浙大城市学院 Device for measuring carbon emissions of passive house
US12017809B1 (en) 2022-09-28 2024-06-25 Hangzhou City University Device for detecting carbon emission of passive house

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102829768A (en) * 2012-03-08 2012-12-19 神翼航空器科技(天津)有限公司 Helicopter aerial-photographing device
CN205293068U (en) * 2016-01-08 2016-06-08 浙江天马行空创新科技有限公司 Undercarriage device that can receive and release automatically
CN106986014A (en) * 2017-05-09 2017-07-28 西安交通大学 A kind of all-electric coaxial many Rotor thrust devices and its method of work
CN107272720A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-20 马鞍山市赛迪智能科技有限公司 A kind of multi-angle oblique camera based on unmanned plane
CN109373976A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-22 深圳市科比特航空科技有限公司 Unmanned plane plotting board

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102829768A (en) * 2012-03-08 2012-12-19 神翼航空器科技(天津)有限公司 Helicopter aerial-photographing device
CN205293068U (en) * 2016-01-08 2016-06-08 浙江天马行空创新科技有限公司 Undercarriage device that can receive and release automatically
CN106986014A (en) * 2017-05-09 2017-07-28 西安交通大学 A kind of all-electric coaxial many Rotor thrust devices and its method of work
CN107272720A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-20 马鞍山市赛迪智能科技有限公司 A kind of multi-angle oblique camera based on unmanned plane
CN109373976A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-22 深圳市科比特航空科技有限公司 Unmanned plane plotting board

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112319783A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-02-05 尚良仲毅(沈阳)高新科技有限公司 System and unmanned aerial vehicle rise and fall
WO2022165740A1 (en) * 2021-02-05 2022-08-11 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Infrared camera module, control method, and unmanned aerial vehicle
WO2024065915A1 (en) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-04 浙大城市学院 Device for measuring carbon emissions of passive house
US12017809B1 (en) 2022-09-28 2024-06-25 Hangzhou City University Device for detecting carbon emission of passive house

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Application publication date: 20200207