CN110758084B - 一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统 - Google Patents

一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统 Download PDF

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CN110758084B
CN110758084B CN201911194840.5A CN201911194840A CN110758084B CN 110758084 B CN110758084 B CN 110758084B CN 201911194840 A CN201911194840 A CN 201911194840A CN 110758084 B CN110758084 B CN 110758084B
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CN110758084A (zh
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胡建军
梅博
彭航
彭桃
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Chongqing University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，属于新能源汽车技术领域。该系统包括发动机、第一行星齿轮机构，第二行星齿轮机构，制动器，离合器，同步器，逆变器，动力电池，电机，电机动力输出齿轮轴，变速器，动力输出齿轮轴，主减速器及差速器总成。本发明通过控制离合器、制动器与同步器的接合与分离，从而改变电机与发动机的耦合方式，实现电机与发动机转速耦合驱动、电机与发动机转矩耦合驱动、电机单独驱动和发动机单独驱动，提高了该系统的加速性能，解决了发动机低负荷效率低的问题，并降低了系统路径转换效率损失。

Description

一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统
技术领域
本发明属于新能源汽车技术领域，涉及一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统。
背景技术
新能源汽车以其低消耗、低污染等优点，成为目前汽车发展的重要方向。其中纯电动汽车由于其单次充电续航里程短，充电时间长，车辆制造成本高等缺点不能得到广泛应用。而混合电动动力汽车虽仍主要通过燃油来提供动力，但相比于传统燃油汽车，能量利用率得到显著提升，污染排放明显减少，主流的汽车制造商均在混合动力电动汽车方面开展了研发和制造。
目前混合动力电动系统中，双电机加发动机作为动力源的混合动力电动系统，存在动力源多，成本高，系统路径能量转换损失大等问题；而单电机加发动机作为动力源的混合动力电动系统，又存在发动机低负荷时效率较低，能量损失严重等问题。
申请号为CN201220214161.7的中国专利提供了一种单轴P2并联式混合动力电动系统，该系统包括依次串联连接的发动机、离合器一、ISG电机、离合器二、变速器和输出轴，发动机、离合器一、ISG电机、离合器二和变速器均与总线连接，发动机与总线之间连接有发动机控制器，离合器一与总线之间连接有离合器一控制器，ISG电机与总线之间连接有ISG电机控制器和高压蓄电池，离合器二与总线之间连接有离合器二控制器，变速器与总线之间连接有变速器控制器，总线连接有整车控制器。该方案布局简单，能够方便的实现纯电动驱动模式和并联混合驱动模式，但系统处于低负荷时，无法通过电机调速来调节发动机运行在的高效工作区间，使得发动机效率较低，影响整个系统的经济性能。
申请号为201710114847.6的中国专利提供了一种基于行星齿轮机构的双行星排复合功率分流式混合动力电动系统，该系统包括发动机、第一行星排、第二行星排、离合器、制动器、一号电机和二号电机；通过离合器系统和制动器的接合与分离可以实现不同工作模式的切换。该方案结构设计紧凑。其中，在功率分流模式中，双电机可同时对发动机转速转矩进行调节，极大提高了发动机的工作效率；但该方案采用双电机功率分流模式，增加了系统路径能量转换损失，而且动力源多，成本高。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，能够提高发动机低负荷时的效率和系统路径能量转换利用率，并提升混合动力电动系统的经济性。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，该系统包括发动机(1)、离合器(2)、第一行星齿轮机构、第二行星齿轮机构、制动器(7)、同步器(8)、动力电池(16)、逆变器(17)、电机(18)、电机动力输出齿轮轴(19)、变速器(13)、主减速器及差速器总成(15)，第一行星齿轮机构由第一齿圈(6)、第一行星轮(5)、第一行星架(3)、第一太阳轮(4)组成，第二行星齿轮机构由第二齿圈(9)、第二行星轮(10)、第二行星架(11)、第二太阳轮(12)组成，发动机通过离合器接合与第一行星架连接，第一行星架齿轮轴(301)与第二齿圈同轴齿轮(901)连接，第二行星架与变速器输入端连接，变速器输出端通过动力输出齿轮轴(14)与主减速器及差速器总成连接；
电机通过逆变器与动力电池电气连接，电机动力输出齿轮轴与第一太阳轮同轴齿轮(401)连接，制动器设置在第一齿圈上；
同步器通过左右接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮(601)和第一太阳轮同轴齿轮分别与第一齿圈和第一太阳轮相连。
可选的，所述制动器(7)的锁止部通过花键与第一齿圈连接，固定部通过凸缘与变速器壳体连接。
可选的，所述发动机(1)、第一行星架、第一行星架齿轮轴、第一太阳轮同轴齿轮同轴设置，同步器、第二太阳轮同轴设置；第一齿圈通过其同轴齿轮与同步器等速齿轮传动，第一太阳轮通过其同轴齿轮与同步器等速齿轮传动，第一行星架齿轮轴与第二齿圈同轴齿轮等速齿轮传动，电机动力输出齿轮轴与第一太阳轮同轴齿轮等速齿轮传动。
可选的，所述离合器为湿式多片离合器。
可选的，所述变速器为无级自动变速器。
可选的，所述动力电池为高压锂离子电池。
可选的，所述第一行星架与第一行星架齿轮轴、第一太阳轮与其同轴齿轮、第一齿圈与其同轴齿轮，第二齿圈与其同轴齿轮，变速器与动力输出齿轮轴均各自为一体结构。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明通过控制离合器，制动器与同步器的接合与否改变电机与发动机的耦合方式，实现电机与发动机转速耦合驱动、电机与发动机转矩耦合驱动、电机单独驱动和发动机单独驱动，提高了该系统的加速性能，解决了发动机低负荷效率低的问题，并降低了系统路径转换效率损失。
本发明的其他优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述，并且在某种程度上，基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的，或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书来实现和获得。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作优选的详细描述，其中：
图1为本发明所述的单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合总成；
图2为转速耦合工作模式的能量流动示意图；
图3为转矩耦合工作模式1的能量流动示意图；
图4为转矩耦合工作模式2的能量流动示意图；
图5为纯电动工作模式1的能量流动示意图；
图6为纯电动工作模式2的能量流动示意图；
图7为发动机单独工作模式的能量流动示意图。
附图标记：1为发动机，2为离合器，3为第一行星架，301为第一行星架齿轮轴，4为第一太阳轮，401为第一太阳轮同轴齿轮，5为第一行星轮，6为第一齿圈，601为第一齿圈同轴齿轮，7为制动器，8为同步器，9为第二齿圈，901为第二齿圈同轴齿轮，10为第二行星轮，11为第二行星架，12为第二太阳轮，13为变速器，14为动力输出齿轮轴，15为主减速器及差速器总成，16为动力电池，17为逆变器，18为电机，19为电机动力输出齿轮轴。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需要说明的是，以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，在不冲突的情况下，以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
其中，附图仅用于示例性说明，表示的仅是示意图，而非实物图，不能理解为对本发明的限制；为了更好地说明本发明的实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。
本发明实施例的附图中相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件；在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，若有术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此附图中描述位置关系的用语仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本发明的限制，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
本实施基本如图1所述，单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合总成，包括发动机1、第一行星齿轮机构、第二行星齿轮机构、制动器7、同步器8、离合器2、动力电池16、电机18、电机动力输出齿轮轴19、逆变器17、变速器13、主减速器及差速器总成15，第一行星齿轮机构由第一齿圈6、第一行星轮5、第一行星架3、第一太阳轮4组成，第二行星齿轮机构由第二齿圈9、第二行星轮10、第二行星架11、第二太阳轮12组成，发动机通过接合离合器与第一行星架连接，第一行星架通过第一行星架齿轮轴301啮合第二齿圈同轴齿轮901，第二行星架与变速器输入端连接，变速器输出端通过动力输出齿轮轴14与主减速器及差速器总成连接；电机通过逆变器与动力电池电气连接，电机动力输出齿轮轴19与第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401连接；制动器设置在第一齿圈上；同步器通过左右接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮601和第一太阳轮同轴齿轮分别与第一齿圈和第一太阳轮相连。采用上述方案，本发明通过控制离合器，制动器与同步器的接合与否改变电机与发动机的耦合方式，实现电机与发动机转速耦合驱动、电机与发动机转矩耦合驱动、电机单独驱动和发动机单独驱动，提高了该系统的加速性能，解决了发动机低负荷效率低的问题，并降低了系统路径转换效率损失。
本实施例中的制动器7的锁止部通过花键(未画出)与第一齿圈连接，固定部通过凸缘(未画出)与变速器13壳体连接。
本实施例中的发动机1、第一行星架3、第一行星架齿轮轴301、第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401同轴设置，同步器8、第二太阳轮12同轴设置；第一齿圈6通过其同轴齿轮与同步器等速齿轮传动，第一太阳轮12通过其同轴齿轮与同步器等速齿轮传动，第一行星架齿轮轴301与第二齿圈同轴齿轮901等速齿轮传动，电机动力输出齿轮轴19与第一太阳轮同轴齿轮等速齿轮传动。
本实施例中的离合器2采用湿式多片离合器；变速器13采用无级自动变速器；动力电池16采用电动车高压锂离子电池。
本实施例中第一行星架3与第一行星架齿轮轴301、第一太阳轮4与其同轴齿轮401、第一齿圈6与其同轴齿轮601，第二齿圈9与其同轴齿轮901，变速器13与动力输出齿轮轴14均各自为一体结构，便于装配，且结构稳定可靠。
下面详细的阐述一下本发明的工作原理，如图2-6所述，本发明的单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合总成共有5种工作模式，可实现电机不同的驱动形式，发动机与电机转速耦合和不同形式的转矩耦合，各工作模式下执行机构工作状态见表1所示，其中，CL为离合器2，B为制动器7，T为同步器8；具体模式详述如表1所示：
表1工作模式执行元件附表
Figure GDA0002833812180000051
(1)转速耦合模式：即发动机1与电机18转速耦合驱动模式；离合器2接合，制动器7分离，同步器8左接合，发动机1与电机18均处于驱动状态。离合器2将发动机1与第一行星架3连在一起，同步器8左接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮601将第一齿圈6与第二太阳轮12连在一起。发动机1输出的动力在第一行星架3上进行分流，一部分动力在第一行星架3上，另一部分动力经第一行星架齿轮轴301、第二齿圈同轴齿轮901、第二齿圈9传递到第二行星轮10上。电机18输出的动力经电机输出齿轮轴19、第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401、第一太阳轮4、第一行星轮5在第一行星架3上与发动机1输出的一部分动力合流，合流后的动力经第一齿圈6、第一齿圈同轴齿轮601、同步器8、第二太阳轮12在第二行星轮10上与发动机1输出的另一部分动力进行第二次合流，第二次合流后的动力经第二行星架11、变速器13、动力输出齿轮轴14传递到主减速器及差速器总成15。转速耦合模式下，系统的能量流动路径如图2所示。
(2)转矩耦合模式1：即发动机1与电机18转矩耦合驱动模式；离合器2接合，制动器7接合，同步器8左接合，发动机1与电机18均处于驱动状态。离合器2将发动机1与第一行星架3连在一起，同步器8左接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮601将第一齿圈6与第二太阳轮12连在一起，制动器7将第一齿圈6、第二太阳轮12锁止。电机18输出的动力经电机动力输出齿轮轴19、第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401、第一太阳轮4、第一行星轮5与发动机1输出的动力在第一行星架3上进行合流，合流后的动力经第一行星架齿轮轴301、第二齿圈同轴齿轮901、第二齿圈9、第二行星轮10、第二行星架11、变速器13、动力输出齿轮轴14传递到主减速器及差速器总成15。转矩耦合模式1下，系统的能量流动路径如图3所示。
(3)转矩耦合模式2：即发动机1与电机18转矩耦合驱动模式；离合器2接合，制动器7接合，同步器8右接合，发动机1与电机18均处于驱动状态。离合器2将发动机1与第一行星架3连在一起，同步器8右接合第一太阳轮齿轮轴401将第一太阳轮4与第二太阳轮12连在一起，制动器7将第一齿圈6锁止。电机18输出的动力经电机动力输出齿轮轴19在第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401上分流，一部分动力经第一太阳轮4、第一行星轮5在第一行星架3上与发动机1输出的动力合流，合流后的动力经第一行星架齿轮轴301、第二齿圈同轴齿轮901、第二齿圈9传递到第二行星轮10上，电机18输出的另一部分动力经第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401、同步器8、第二太阳轮12在第二行星轮10上与合流的动力进行第二次合流，第二次合流的动力经第二行星架11、变速器13、动力输出齿轮轴14传递到主减速器及差速器总成15。转矩耦合模式2下，系统的能量流动路径如图4所示。
(4)纯电动模式1：即电机18单独驱动模式；离合器2分离，制动器7接合，同步器8右接合，发动机1关闭，电机18处于驱动状态。同步器8右接合第一太阳轮齿轮轴401将第一太阳轮4与第二太阳轮12连在一起，制动器7将第一齿圈6锁止。电机18输出的动力经电机动力输出齿轮轴19在第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401上分流，一部分动力经第一太阳轮4、第一行星轮5、第一行星架3、第一行星架齿轮轴301、第二齿圈同轴齿轮901、第二齿圈9传递到第二行星轮10上，电机18输出的另一部分动力经第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401、同步器8、第二太阳轮12在第二行星轮10上与其自身输出的动力合流，合流的动力经第二行星架11、变速器13、动力输出齿轮轴14传递到主减速器及差速器总成15。纯电动模式1下，系统的能量流动路径如图5所示。
(5)纯电动模式2：即电机18单独驱动模式；离合器2分离，制动器7接合，同步器8左接合，发动机1关闭，电机18处于驱动状态。同步器8左接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮601将第一齿圈6与第二太阳轮12连在一起，制动器7将第一齿圈6、第二太阳轮12锁止。电机18输出的动力经电机动力输出齿轮轴19、第一太阳轮同轴齿轮401、第一太阳轮4、第一行星轮5、第一行星架3、第一行星架齿轮轴301、第二齿圈同轴齿轮901、第二齿圈9、第二行星轮10、第二行星架11、变速器13、动力输出齿轮轴14传递到主减速器及差速器总成15。纯电动模式2下，系统的能量流动路径如图6所示。
(6)发动机单独模式：即发动机1单独驱动模式；离合器2结合，制动器结合，同步器左接合，电机18关闭，发动机1处于驱动状态。同步器8左接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮601将第一齿圈6与第二太阳轮12连在一起，制动器7将第一齿圈6、第二太阳轮12锁止。发动机1输出的动力经第一行星架3、第一行星架齿轮轴301、第二齿圈同轴齿轮901、第二齿圈9、第二行星轮10、第二行星架11、变速器13、动力输出齿轮轴14传递到主减速器及差速器总成15。发动机模式下，系统的能量流动路径如图7所示。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

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1.一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：该系统包括发动机(1)、离合器(2)、第一行星齿轮机构、第二行星齿轮机构、制动器(7)、同步器(8)、动力电池(16)、逆变器(17)、电机(18)、电机动力输出齿轮轴(19)、变速器(13)、主减速器及差速器总成(15)，第一行星齿轮机构由第一齿圈(6)、第一行星轮(5)、第一行星架(3)、第一太阳轮(4)组成，第二行星齿轮机构由第二齿圈(9)、第二行星轮(10)、第二行星架(11)、第二太阳轮(12)组成，发动机通过离合器接合与第一行星架连接，第一行星架齿轮轴(301)与第二齿圈同轴齿轮(901)连接，第二行星架与变速器输入端连接，变速器输出端通过动力输出齿轮轴(14)与主减速器及差速器总成连接；
电机通过逆变器与动力电池电气连接，电机动力输出齿轮轴与第一太阳轮同轴齿轮(401)连接，制动器设置在第一齿圈上；
同步器通过左右接合第一齿圈同轴齿轮(601)和第一太阳轮同轴齿轮分别与第一齿圈和第一太阳轮相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：所述制动器(7)的锁止部通过花键与第一齿圈连接，固定部通过凸缘与变速器壳体连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：所述发动机(1)、第一行星架、第一行星架齿轮轴、第一太阳轮同轴齿轮同轴设置，同步器、第二太阳轮同轴设置；第一齿圈通过其同轴齿轮与同步器等速齿轮传动，第一太阳轮通过其同轴齿轮与同步器等速齿轮传动，第一行星架齿轮轴与第二齿圈同轴齿轮等速齿轮传动，电机动力输出齿轮轴与第一太阳轮同轴齿轮等速齿轮传动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：所述离合器为湿式多片离合器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：所述变速器为无级自动变速器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：所述动力电池为高压锂离子电池。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种单电机电动汽车的多模式动力耦合系统，其特征在于：所述第一行星架与第一行星架齿轮轴、第一太阳轮与其同轴齿轮、第一齿圈与其同轴齿轮，第二齿圈与其同轴齿轮，变速器与动力输出齿轮轴均各自为一体结构。
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