CN108081945B - 混合动力耦合系统、混合动力驱动系统与混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力耦合系统、混合动力驱动系统与混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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CN108081945B
CN108081945B CN201810068808.1A CN201810068808A CN108081945B CN 108081945 B CN108081945 B CN 108081945B CN 201810068808 A CN201810068808 A CN 201810068808A CN 108081945 B CN108081945 B CN 108081945B
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planetary gear
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CN108081945A (zh
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万松
苏岭
邓承浩
袁昌荣
杜长虹
胡鹏
李航
张扬
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Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383One-way clutches or freewheel devices

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合动力耦合系统,包括输入构件、静止构件、输出构件及第一和第二电机、第一和第二行星齿轮组,两行星齿轮组均包括三个节点,第二、五节点均为行星齿轮架组件,第一、三节点其中一个为太阳轮且另一个为齿圈,第四、六节点其中一个为太阳轮且另一个为齿圈,第一、四节点连接输出构件,第二节点连接输入构件,第三节点连接第一电机,第六节点连接第二电机,第二节点通过第一扭矩传递装置连接静止构件,第三节点通过第二扭矩传递装置连接第五节点,第五节点通过第三扭矩传递装置连接静止构件。该系统与发动机、电机控制器和动力电池组成混合动力驱动系统,可实现多种运行模式,兼顾动力和经济性。本发明还公开了一种混合动力车辆。

Description

混合动力耦合系统、混合动力驱动系统与混合动力车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力车辆技术领域,尤其涉及一种混合动力耦合系统与混合动力驱动系统,还涉及一种混合动力车辆。
背景技术
随着国家油耗法规的日益严格,以及在纯电动汽车尚未普及的情况下,混合动力汽车受到各国政府及各大汽车厂商的青睐,用于混合动力汽车的混合动力驱动系统及其工作模式已成为研究热点。现今主流的混合动力装置包含单电机串并联类型、双电机串联和功率分流等类型,在车辆不同的运行状态下使用不同的动力源及操作方式以实现燃油经济的目的。合理的功率分配并把动力传递给驱混合动力耦合系统用于将多个动力源组合在一起,实现多动力源间动桥,因此,混合动力耦合系统的形式不仅决定了混合动力汽车具备的工作模式,也是功率分配策略制定的依据,并最终对整车的动力性、经济性和排放性能产生重大影响,同时,混合动力耦合系统的布置方案还影响到系统占用空间和适用条件以及车辆其他零部件的布置。
因此,本领域技术人员致力于研究一种结构精简、便于布置的混合动力耦合系统,并且能够同时兼顾整车的动力性能和经济性能。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种新型的混合动力耦合系统,该系统结构精简、便于布置,且能够同时兼顾整车的动力性和经济性。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种混合动力耦合系统,包括:
输入构件,用于与发动机的输出端连接;
静止构件;
输出构件,用于与被驱动部件连接;
第一电机和第二电机;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组;
第一扭矩传递装置、第二扭矩传递装置和第三扭矩传递装置,均可脱离及接合;
其中,
所述第一行星齿轮组包括第一节点、第二节点和第三节点,所述第二节点为所述第一行星齿轮组的行星齿轮架组件,所述第一节点为所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的任意一个,所述第三节点为所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的另外一个;
所述第二行星齿轮组包括第四节点、第五节点和第六节点,所述第五节点为所述第二行星齿轮组的行星齿轮架组件,所述第四节点为所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的任意一个,所述第六节点为所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的另外一个;
所述第一节点与所述输出构件连接并与所述输出构件一起旋转,所述第二节点与所述输入构件连接并与所述输入构件一起旋转,所述第三节点与所述第一电机连接并与所述第一电机一起旋转,所述第四节点与所述输出构件连接并与所述输出构件一起旋转,所述第六节点与所述第二电机连接并与所述第二电机一起旋转;
所述第二节点通过所述第一扭矩传递装置实现与所述静止构件的脱离及接合,所述第三节点通过所述第二扭矩传递装置实现与所述第五节点的脱离及接合,所述第五节点通过所述第三扭矩传递装置实现与所述静止构件的脱离及接合。
优选地,在上述混合动力耦合系统中,所述静止构件为壳体。
优选地,在上述混合动力耦合系统中,所述输出构件为输出齿轮或差速器。
优选地,在上述混合动力耦合系统中,所述第一扭矩传递装置、所述第二扭矩传递装置和所述第三扭矩传递装置均为离合器或同步器。
优选地,在上述混合动力耦合系统中,所述离合器为单片离合器或多片离合器或单向离合器。
本发明还提供了一种混合动力驱动系统,包括如上任一项所述的混合动力耦合系统,还包括:
发动机,所述发动机的输出端与所述输入构件连接;
电机控制器,用于分别对所述第一电机和所述第二电机的转速或扭矩进行控制以实现空转、驱动或发电的运转模式;
动力电池,用于为所述第一电机和所述第二电机的驱动提供电能,并能将所述第一电机和/或所述第二电机发出的电能进行储存。
本发明提供的混合动力耦合系统,包括:输入构件、静止构件、输出构件以及第一电机和第二电机、第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,第一行星齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三节点,第二行星齿轮组包括第四、第五和第六节点,第二和第五节点均为行星齿轮架组件,第一和第三节点的其中一个为太阳轮且另一个为齿圈,第四和第六节点的其中一个为太阳轮且另一个为齿圈,第一节点和第四节点均连接于输出构件,第二节点连接于输入构件,第三节点连接于第一电机,第六节点连接于第二电机;第二节点通过第一扭矩传递装置与静止构件连接,第三节点通过第二扭矩传递装置与第五节点连接,第五节点通过第三扭矩传递装置与静止构件连接。混合动力耦合系统可与发动机、电机控制器和动力电池组合成混合动力驱动系统,并可在总控制器的控制下实现多种纯电动模式和混动模式等运行模式。本发明提供的混合动力耦合系统和混合动力驱动系统结构精简、便于布置,且能够兼顾整车的动力性能和经济性能。
本发明还提供了一种混合动力车辆,包括如上所述的混合动力驱动系统。该混合动力车辆产生的有益效果的推导过程与上述混合动力耦合系统和混合动力驱动系统带来的有益效果的推导过程大体类似,故本文不再赘述。
优选地,所述混合动力车辆为插电式混合动力车辆或非插电式混合动力车辆。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明具体实施例中的混合动力耦合系统的原理示意图;
图2为本发明具体实施例中的第一纯电动模式和第一混动模式的连接示意图;
图3为本发明具体实施例中的第二纯电动模式的连接示意图;
图4为本发明具体实施例中的第二混动模式的连接示意图;
图5为本发明具体实施例中的第三混动模式的连接示意图。
图1至图5中:
10-混合动力耦合系统、11-输入构件、12-静止构件、13-输出构件、14-第一行星齿轮组、A-第一节点、B-第二节点、C-第三节点、15-第二行星齿轮组、D-第四节点、E-第五节点、F-第六节点、21-发动机、22-第一电机、23-第二电机、31-第一扭矩传递装置、32-第二扭矩传递装置、33-第三扭矩传递装置、41-电机控制器、42-动力电池。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参照图1至图5,在一种具体实施例方案中,本发明针对混合动力车辆,提供了一种新型的混合动力耦合系统10,该混合动力耦合系统10主要包括:输入构件11、静止构件12、输出构件13、第一行星齿轮组14、第二行星齿轮组15、第一电机22、第二电机23、第一扭矩传递装置31、第二扭矩传递装置32和第三扭矩传递装置33等。
其中,输入构件11用于与发动机21的输出端连接,具体可以为输入轴,起到动力传递的作用;静止构件12具体可以为壳体或固定在壳体上的零件;输出构件13用于与负载(被驱动部分,具体可为车轮或车辆的输出半轴)相连接,对于车辆来讲,负载的最末端为车轮,输出构件13具体可以为输出齿轮或差速器等,起到将动力传递至被驱动部件的作用,本具体实施例方案中的输出构件13可连接至车辆的至少一个车轮,所连接的车轮即为驱动轮。第一电机22和第二电机23均具备电动和发电功能,能被电机控制器41所控制以实现不同的运行模式,从而可以实现空转、驱动和发电。
第一行星齿轮组14和第二行星齿轮组15均包括三个节点,本方案用三个节点来分别代表各自行星齿轮组中的三个基本组件:行星齿轮架组件、太阳轮组件和齿圈组件,这三个节点是转矩的输入或输出的三个位置,其运行规律及扭矩传递原理满足行星齿轮组的公知常识。
参考图1至图5,在实施例中,以杠杆图示意第一行星齿轮组14和第二行星齿轮组15。具体的,第一行星齿轮组14包括第一节点A、第二节点B和第三节点C,第二节点B为第一行星齿轮组14的行星齿轮架组件,第一节点A为第一行星齿轮组14的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的任意一个,第三节点C为第一行星齿轮组14的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的另外一个;第二行星齿轮组15包括第四节点D、第五节点E和第六节点F,第五节点E为第二行星齿轮组15的行星齿轮架组件,第四节点D为第二行星齿轮组15的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的任意一个,第六节点F为第二行星齿轮组15的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的另外一个。
请参照图1至图5,第一行星齿轮组14的第一节点A连接至输出构件13,并保持与输出构件13一起旋转;第一行星齿轮组14的第二节点B连接至输入构件11,并保持与输入构件11一起旋转;第一行星齿轮组11的第三节点C连接至第一电机22,并保持与第一电机22一起旋转;第二行星齿轮组15的第四节点D连接至输出构件13,并保持与输出构件13一起旋转;第二行星齿轮组15的第六节点F连接至第二电机23,并保持与第二电机23一起旋转。
第二节点B通过第一扭矩传递装置31实现与静止构件12的脱离及接合,即,第一扭矩传递装置31可有选择的脱离或接合第一行星齿轮组14的第二节点B与静止构件12,当第一扭矩传递装置31接合时,第一行星齿轮组14的第二节点B静止不动,并提供反作用力;第三节点C通过第二扭矩传递装置32实现与第五节点E的脱离及接合,即,第二扭矩传递装置32可有选择的脱离或接合第一行星齿轮组14的第三节点C与第二行星齿轮组15的第五节点E,当第二扭矩传递装置32接合时,第一行星齿轮组14的第三节点C与第二行星齿轮组15的第五节点E一起旋转,建立扭矩传递流;第五节点E通过第三扭矩传递装置33实现与静止构件12的脱离及接合,即,第三扭矩传递装置33可有选择的脱离或接合第二行星齿轮组15的第五节点E与静止构件12,当第三扭矩传递装置33接合时,第二行星齿轮组15的第五节点E保持静止不动,并提供反作用力。
上述第一扭矩传递装置31、第二扭矩传递装置32和第三扭矩传递装置33均为离合器或同步器,即,其中每个扭矩传递装置均可以为离合器或同步器,均起到离合器的作用,其中,离合器的类型可包含但不限于单片离合器、多片离合器以及单向离合器,当然,本领域技术人员还可以选用其他类型的扭矩传递机构来作为三个扭矩传递装置。如图1至图5所示,在本实施例中,第一扭矩传递装置31和第三扭矩传递装置33均连接至静止构件12,当该处的扭矩传递装置接合时能保持静止,以用作制动器。当然,本方案中的第一扭矩传递装置31也可以采用单向离合器,可减少装置的复杂程度而不影响整体的功能。
请参考图1至图5,本发明还提供了一种由发动机21、电机控制器41、动力电池42以及上述混合动力耦合系统10构成的混合动力驱动系统。其中,发动机21的输出端与混合动力耦合系统10的输入构件11连接;输出构件13连接至车辆的车轮;电机控制器41分别对第一电机22和第二电机23的转速或扭矩进行控制,以实现电机的空转、驱动或发电等不同的运转模式;动力电池42用于为第一电机22和第二电机23的驱动提供电能,并能将第一电机22和/或第二电机23发出的电能进行回收储存。
本发明还提供混合动力驱动系统的运行模式及控制方法,本实施例中,混合动力驱动系统的运行模式包含第一纯电动模式、第二纯电动模式、第一混动模式、第二混动模式和第三混动模式,这些运行模式仅为本发明较佳的一些运行模式,并不作为限定本发明。下面详细介绍这几个运行模式。
第一纯电动模式:请参照图2,第一扭矩传递装置31脱离,第二扭矩传递装置32脱离,第三扭矩传递装置33接合,即固定第二行星齿轮组15的第五节点E行星齿轮架组件并提供反作用扭矩,第二电机23提供驱动力,驱动力由输出构件13传递至车轮,驱动车辆行驶。该模式主要运用于动力电池42电量充足时,直至动力电池42的电量降低到预设值时启动发动机21进入混动模式,或动力不足时进入第二纯电动模式或混动模式。第一纯电动模式还可用于制动时进行能量回收,即,在制动时第二电机23发电,并将电能储存于动力电池42。
需要说明的是,在第一纯电动模式中,当动力电池42的电量降低到预设值时启动发动机21进入混动模式,此处的预设值根据不同的电池特性及整车匹配策略而有所不同,例如,本文实施例中的预设值为20%SOC,动力电池42的剩余电量大于该预设值时可称为电量充足,当然,本领域技术人员还可以设定其他预设值,本文不再赘述。另外,当动力电池42的电量降低到预设值时,具体进入何种混动模式,需要根据车速来确定。具体的车速值是根据详细的齿轮速比及标定匹配决定的,其不一定是一个固定的值。动力不足时进入第二纯电动模式或混动模式,此处的动力不足主要指单一电机提供的动力能力已不满足整车策略中对于驾驶员的扭矩需求,动力不足时具体进入何种混动模式也需要根据车速来确定。
第二纯电动模式:请参照图3,第一扭矩传递装置31接合,即固定第一行星齿轮组14的第二节点B行星齿轮架组件并提供反作用扭矩;第二扭矩传递装置32脱离;第三扭矩传递装置33接合,即固定第二行星齿轮组15的第五节点E行星齿轮架组件并提供反作用扭矩。第一电机22和第二电机23均提供驱动力。该运行模式主要运用于动力电池42电量充足时,直至动力电池42的电量降低到预设值时启动发动机21进入混动模式,或动力需求降低时进入第一纯电动模式。第二纯电动模式较第一纯电动模式能够提供更大的驱动力。此处的动力需求降低是指两个电机提供的动力能力已经大于整车策略中对于驾驶员的扭矩需求。
第一混动模式,请参照图2,第一扭矩传递装置31和第二扭矩传递装置32脱离,发动机21输出动力,第一电机22进入发电模式,通过杠杆原理能驱动输出构件13带动车辆前行。第二电机23可空转、发电或驱动。若第二电机23处于发电或驱动模式,由于第五节点E未连接任何动力源,只有在固定第五节点E的情况下才能促使第二电机23实现发电或驱动,因此,第三扭矩传递装置33需处于接合状态。需要说明的是,当车速较低及动力电池42电量较低时,可以进入该第一混动模式。车速的具体值需根据行星齿轮系的速比设定、差速器的速比设定、整车的标定匹配策略等详细情况而定,本文不再赘述。第一节点A提供的动力若大于了驾驶员的需求,则部分能量可以通过第二电机23去发电;同样,如果第一节点A提供的动力小于了驾驶员的需求,则第二电机23可以驱动助力。
第二混动模式:请参照图4,第一扭矩传递装置31和第三扭矩传递装置33脱离,第二扭矩传递装置32接合,发动机21输出动力,第二电机23发电,通过杠杆原理能驱动输出构件13带动车辆前行,第一电机22可空转、发电或驱动。相对于第一混动模式,该模式加大杠杆比,发动机21的动力更多地用于驱动车辆。需要说明的是,车速大约为中速的时候可以进入第二混动模式,车速的具体值需根据行星齿轮系的速比设定、差速器的速比设定、整车的标定匹配策略等详细情况而定,本文不再赘述。
第三混动模式:请参照图5,第一扭矩传递装置31脱离,第二扭矩传递装置32和第三扭矩传递装置33接合,发动机21能通过固定速比进行动力输出。第二电机23可空转、发电或驱动。若第二电机23处于发电或驱动模式,第三扭矩传递装置33需处于接合状态。需要说明的是,在车速较高时进入该第三混动模式。车速的具体值需根据行星齿轮系的速比设定、差速器的速比设定、整车的标定匹配策略等详细情况而定,本文不再赘述。
需要说明的是,上文中所介绍的混合动力驱动系统的五种运行模式只是本发明方案中较佳的一些运行模式,这些运行模式可适用于车辆处于低速、中速、高速等多种车速时,并且可满足较高动力需求或较低动力需求。另外,多种运行模式之间的切换需要由总控制器来自动控制,总控制器会根据车速、发动机转速、电机转速、动力电池电量、动力需求或负载等多种信息来计算并确定需要切换至何种运行模式,并由其控制电机控制器41、发动机控制器和离合器控制器等,进而控制电机、发动机21以及扭矩传递装置的动作,实现运行模式的切换,具体的自动控制过程本文不再赘述。其中,车速、发动机转速、电机转速、电池电量等信息可以通过不同的传感器或信号采集装置来获得,这些传感器或信号采集装置将实时采集到的车况信息反馈到总控制器中,总控制器再根据这些信号制定运行策略,从而实现自动切换,达到整车自动化、智能化的控制目标,使用户操作更为简单。
本发明提供的混合动力耦合系统和混合动力驱动系统结构精简、便于布置,且能够兼顾整车的动力性能和经济性能。
本发明还提供了一种混合动力车辆,包括如上所述的混合动力驱动系统。该混合动力车辆产生的有益效果的推导过程与上述混合动力耦合系统和混合动力驱动系统带来的有益效果的推导过程大体类似,故本文不再赘述。
需要说明的是,本发明所述的混合动力车辆可以为插电式混合动力车辆,也可以为非插电式混合动力车辆。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种混合动力耦合系统,其特征在于,包括:
输入构件(11),用于与发动机(21)的输出端连接;
静止构件(12);
输出构件(13),用于与被驱动部件连接;
第一电机(22)和第二电机(23);
第一行星齿轮组(14)和第二行星齿轮组(15);
第一扭矩传递装置(31)、第二扭矩传递装置(32)和第三扭矩传递装置(33),均可脱离及接合;
其中,
所述第一行星齿轮组(14)包括第一节点(A)、第二节点(B)和第三节点(C),所述第二节点(B)为所述第一行星齿轮组(14)的行星齿轮架组件,所述第一节点(A)为所述第一行星齿轮组(14)的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的任意一个,所述第三节点(C)为所述第一行星齿轮组(14)的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的另外一个;
所述第二行星齿轮组(15)包括第四节点(D)、第五节点(E)和第六节点(F),所述第五节点(E)为所述第二行星齿轮组(15)的行星齿轮架组件,所述第四节点(D)为所述第二行星齿轮组(15)的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的任意一个,所述第六节点(F)为所述第二行星齿轮组(15)的太阳轮组件和齿圈组件中的另外一个;
所述第一节点(A)与所述输出构件(13)连接并与所述输出构件(13)一起旋转,所述第二节点(B)与所述输入构件(11)连接并与所述输入构件(11)一起旋转,所述第三节点(C)与所述第一电机(22)连接并与所述第一电机(22)一起旋转,所述第四节点(D)与所述输出构件(13)连接并与所述输出构件(13)一起旋转,所述第六节点(F)与所述第二电机(23)连接并与所述第二电机(23)一起旋转;
所述第二节点(B)通过所述第一扭矩传递装置(31)实现与所述静止构件(12)的脱离及接合,所述第三节点(C)通过所述第二扭矩传递装置(32)实现与所述第五节点(E)的脱离及接合,所述第五节点(E)通过所述第三扭矩传递装置(33)实现与所述静止构件(12)的脱离及接合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力耦合系统,其特征在于,所述静止构件(12)为壳体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力耦合系统,其特征在于,所述输出构件(13)为输出齿轮或差速器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力耦合系统,其特征在于,所述第一扭矩传递装置(31)、所述第二扭矩传递装置(32)和所述第三扭矩传递装置(33)均为离合器或同步器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力耦合系统,其特征在于,所述离合器为单片离合器或多片离合器或单向离合器。
6.一种混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的混合动力耦合系统,还包括:
发动机(21),所述发动机(21)的输出端与所述输入构件(11)连接;
电机控制器(41),用于分别对所述第一电机(22)和所述第二电机(23)的转速或扭矩进行控制以实现空转、驱动或发电的运转模式;
动力电池(42),用于为所述第一电机(22)和所述第二电机(23)的驱动提供电能,并能将所述第一电机(22)和/或所述第二电机(23)发出的电能进行储存。
7.一种混合动力车辆,其特征在于,包括如权利要求6所述的混合动力驱动系统。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力车辆,其特征在于,所述混合动力车辆为插电式混合动力车辆或非插电式混合动力车辆。
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