CN110749483B - Paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument, section device and paraffin section method - Google Patents
Paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument, section device and paraffin section method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110749483B CN110749483B CN201911054942.7A CN201911054942A CN110749483B CN 110749483 B CN110749483 B CN 110749483B CN 201911054942 A CN201911054942 A CN 201911054942A CN 110749483 B CN110749483 B CN 110749483B
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- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004861 thermometry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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Abstract
The invention provides a paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument which comprises a support, a conveying mechanism, a refrigerating mechanism and a static mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt and a power unit, the conveying belt is laid on the surface of the support, the power unit drives the conveying belt to move, a cold air port of the refrigerating mechanism is arranged in the inner space of the support below the conveying belt, and the tail end of the static mechanism is in contact with the conveying belt and enables the conveying belt to be charged with static electricity or eliminate static electricity. The invention also provides a slicing device which comprises a fixed seat, a specimen holder and a blade, wherein the specimen holder and the blade are arranged on the fixed seat, the specimen holder can be vertically movably arranged on the fixed seat, the paraffin section transferring and unfolding instrument is arranged on one side of the blade, and the first end of the conveying belt is close to the edge of the blade and receives the paraffin slice cut by the blade. The paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument can flatly adsorb paraffin sheets; the section device of this scheme can realize the automatic transfer and the exhibition piece of paraffin thin slice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical experimental instruments, and particularly relates to a paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument, a section device and a paraffin section method.
Background
Paraffin sectioning is a common method in histology, and is commonly used for observing normal tissue cells or stroma, and also for observing structural and compositional changes of pathological tissue cells or stroma. Firstly, biological tissues are embedded in paraffin (called tissue wax block for short), then the tissue wax block is cut into slices by a paraffin slicer, a blade of the paraffin slicer is used for carrying out reciprocating cutting in the vertical direction on the wax block wrapped with the biological tissues, and paraffin slices with the thickness of 5-10 microns are cut. In the slicing process, an operator needs to hold tweezers to clamp the front end of the paraffin slice for continuous slicing, so that the slices are prevented from being folded or overlapped, and after a certain number of paraffin slices are cut, the operator needs to hold tweezers to clamp the paraffin slices and unfold the paraffin slices on warm water. And finally, the thin slice is laid on a glass slide, and a subsequent histological staining experiment can be carried out after the thin slice is air-dried and high-temperature-dried.
If the operation personnel does not match the operation speed of the slicer blade well or the force is too large when pulling out the paraffin slice, the complete slice can not be obtained; the sheet falls off due to unstable forceps clamps, and the problem of rolling sheets is inevitably caused; and the paraffin thin slice is easy to be broken when the tweezers clamp the paraffin thin slice. When the paraffin wax sheet is spread on warm water, the paraffin wax is easy to fuse under the condition of slightly high temperature and is adhered to the tweezers, and the tweezers and the paraffin wax sheet can not be effectively separated; this can lead to the paraffin flake being damaged, which is time consuming. Particularly, for operators with little operation experience, the paraffin slice is easy to roll or damage, the tissue paraffin slice cannot be continuously obtained, the capture of positive or negative results in subsequent histological staining experiments may be influenced, and the success rate of the experiments is reduced. In the long-time slicing process, the pain of shoulders, backs and hands of operators is easily caused, and even strain is caused.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need to develop a paraffin section transferring and spreading apparatus, a paraffin section device and a paraffin section method which are convenient and fast to operate, so as to improve the efficiency of paraffin section transferring and spreading.
The invention content is as follows:
one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a paraffin section transferring and developing instrument, which aims to solve the technical problem that the paraffin section is easy to curl or damage during transferring and developing in the prior art; the invention also provides a paraffin slicing device, so as to improve the automation degree and efficiency of paraffin slicing; the invention also provides a paraffin section method, which aims to solve the problems of high failure rate of paraffin section acquisition and complex operation process in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
paraffin section shifts and exhibition piece instrument, including support, transport mechanism, refrigeration mechanism and static mechanism, transport mechanism includes conveyer belt and power pack, the conveyer belt lay in the support surface, power pack drives the conveyer belt removes, refrigeration mechanism's air conditioning mouth is arranged in the inner space of the support of conveyer belt below, static mechanism terminal with the conveyer belt contacts and makes it take static or eliminate static. Paraffin section in this scheme shifts and exhibition piece instrument can adsorb the paraffin thin slice of cutting down automatically, conveys to the warm water surface of water through the conveyer belt on, realizes high-efficiently exhibition piece, guarantees going on smoothly of experiment. The technical problems that in the prior art, paraffin slices are overlapped and adhered after falling due to unstable forceps clamping pieces in the manual slice spreading process, or the paraffin slices are damaged due to adhesion with the forceps when being placed on warm water are solved.
Preferably, the support comprises a support member and a housing, the conveyor belt is laid on the periphery of the support member, and the housing and the outer edges of the two sides of the support member enclose to form a closed cavity.
Preferably, the device further comprises a blowing mechanism, wherein the blowing mechanism is arranged below the second end of the conveyor belt, and an air outlet of the blower faces the surface of the conveyor belt.
Preferably, the power unit comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a motor, the conveying belt is sleeved on the outer edge of the driven wheel, and the motor drives the conveying belt to move through the driving wheel and the driven wheel.
Preferably, the static mechanism comprises a metal roller, a static electrode, a grounding electrode and a bidirectional automatic switch, the metal roller is in contact with the surface of the conveyor belt, the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the static electrode to enable the surface of the metal roller and the surface of the conveyor belt to be charged with static electricity, and the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode to enable the surface of the metal roller and the surface of the conveyor belt to be charged with static electricity.
Preferably, the temperature measuring device further comprises a temperature measuring mechanism arranged in the closed cavity of the bracket. The detection head of the temperature measuring mechanism is in contact with the support or the conveyor belt, can detect the temperature of the support or the conveyor belt in real time and feeds the temperature back to the refrigerating mechanism so as to maintain the conveyor belt in a low-temperature state and ensure that paraffin slices conveyed by the conveyor belt cannot be melted or deformed.
Preferably, the system also comprises a control system, and the control system is communicated with the conveying mechanism, the refrigerating mechanism, the blowing mechanism and the electrostatic mechanism and controls the operation of the mechanisms. The control system controls the starting and closing of the conveying mechanism and controls the working state of the electrostatic mechanism according to preset parameters; and the control system receives a signal fed back by the temperature measuring mechanism and controls the operation of the refrigerating mechanism according to a preset temperature rule.
Preferably, the conveyor belt is made of rubber or a rubber composite product or plastic or a plastic and fabric composite material.
The paraffin section transferring and unfolding instrument is arranged on one side of the blade, and the first end of the conveying belt is close to the edge of the blade and receives a paraffin slice cut by the blade.
Preferably, the slicing device further comprises a laser range finder for detecting the displacement state of the specimen holder, and the laser range finder is arranged on the fixed seat; the laser range finder with the control system communication connection of paraffin section transfer and exhibition piece instrument, control system receives the position signal of specimen holder that laser range finder detected to according to this signal control the operation of paraffin section transfer and exhibition piece instrument. Through setting up laser range finder, can detect the position signal of specimen holder, when the vertical downstream of specimen holder is close to the blade, laser range finder conveys the signal that detects to control system, control system control transport mechanism starts, make the conveyer belt begin synchronous movement let electrostatic mechanism's bilateral switch and static electrode be connected and let the conveyer belt take charge, guarantee to transfer the paraffin thin slice to the conveyer belt smoothly, delay 0.1s after the specimen holder reaches the minimum, guarantee that the paraffin thin slice is adsorbed by the first end of conveyer belt, then control system control transport mechanism changes the running speed, when guaranteeing that the specimen holder reachs the peak, the paraffin thin slice moves to the second end and expandes to the warm water surface along the conveyer belt.
Preferably, the section device still includes the basin, hold the warm water that paraffin thin slice exhibition piece was used in the basin, and the conveyer belt second end is close to with the surface of water. The arrangement is such that the cut paraffin flakes are automatically transferred and spread out to the surface of the warm water by the conveyor belt.
Preferably, after the control system receives an action signal that the laser range finder detects that the specimen holder starts to move towards the blade, the control system controls the static mechanism to start, namely the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the static electrode, so that the conveyor belt is provided with weak charges; and meanwhile, the conveying mechanism is controlled to be started, and the conveying belt starts to move. The first end of the conveying belt receives the paraffin section and conveys the paraffin section to the second end, the process corresponds to the process that the specimen holder leaves the position of the blade and vertically rises to return to the initial position, when the specimen holder returns to the highest point initial position, namely when the paraffin section moves to the second end of the conveying belt, the control system controls the static mechanism to stop, namely the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode, and static on the conveying belt is eliminated. The transmission belt is charged with static electricity through the static mechanism, the transmission belt has an adsorption function, cut paraffin thin slices can be adsorbed on the surface of the transmission belt, the paraffin thin slices are timely adsorbed on the transmission belt when being cut, the paraffin thin slices are in an unfolded state, and the phenomenon of rolling is avoided when in adsorption; when the paraffin slice moves to the second end along with the conveyor belt, the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode, and static electricity on the conveyor belt is eliminated, so that the paraffin slice is favorably separated from the second end of the conveyor belt and is unfolded on the warm water surface. And when the paraffin slice is close to the upper part of the warm water surface, the blowing mechanism blows out breeze towards the surface of the second end of the conveyor belt, so that the paraffin slice and the conveyor belt are separated and are spread on the water surface.
The invention also provides a paraffin section method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying static electricity on a conveyor belt for transferring the paraffin sections;
s2, cutting the paraffin slices by a blade, and then approaching and adsorbing the cut paraffin slices by one end of the conveying belt with static electricity in the step S1;
s3, starting the conveyor belt, and eliminating static electricity of the conveyor belt when the paraffin section moves to the other end of the conveyor belt;
and S4, paving the paraffin section at the other end of the conveyor belt at the target position.
The scheme of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the paraffin slice transferring and spreading instrument, the whole conveying mechanism is ensured to be in a low-temperature state through the refrigerating mechanism, so that the paraffin slices are not melted or deformed due to high temperature in the transferring process, and meanwhile, the paraffin slices are prevented from being adhered to the conveying belt; the static mechanism is used for enabling the conveying belt to be charged with static electricity so as to ensure that the paraffin thin slices can be smoothly and flatly adsorbed on the conveying belt; the cut paraffin flakes are received by a transfer mechanism and transferred to warm water for sheeting. The blowing mechanism blows breeze towards the surface of the conveying belt, and the generated horizontal shearing force can enable the paraffin slice to be smoothly separated from the conveying belt; the whole instrument has a compact structure, and realizes the transfer of paraffin slices and the efficient operation of the slide unfolding.
The slicing device of the scheme can realize the automation functions of cutting, transferring and unfolding the paraffin thin slices, and is high in automation degree and simple in operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a paraffin section transfer and slide-spreading apparatus in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the internal structure of the apparatus for paraffin section transfer and slide mounting in example 1 (the housing is shown in transparent form, and the arrow indicates the moving direction of the conveyor belt);
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the electrostatic mechanism and the conveyor belt of the paraffin section transfer and slide-spreading apparatus in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the electrostatic mechanism and conveyor belt of the paraffin section transfer and slide spreading apparatus of example 1;
fig. 5 is a side view of the slicing apparatus in example 2.
1-support 2-transport mechanism 3-housing
4-base 5-support 6-power unit
7-conveyor belt 8-refrigerator 9-cold air pipe
10-blowing mechanism 11-metal roller 12-static electrode
13-grounding electrode 15-electrostatic mechanism 16-temperature measuring mechanism
17-fixed seat 18-specimen holder 19-blade
20-basin 21-signal line 22-laser range finder
23-control cabinet
Detailed Description
The following preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided to aid in a further understanding of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the description of the embodiments of the present invention is by way of example only, and not by way of limitation.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument in the embodiment includes a support 1, a conveying mechanism 2, a refrigerating mechanism 8 and an electrostatic mechanism 15, wherein the conveying mechanism 2 includes a conveyor belt 7 and a power unit 6, the conveyor belt 7 is laid on the surface of the support 1, the power unit 6 drives the conveyor belt 7 to move, a cold air port of the refrigerating mechanism 8 is arranged in the inner space of the support 1 below the conveyor belt 7, and the tail end of the electrostatic mechanism 15 is in contact with the conveyor belt 7 and makes the conveyor belt 7 carry static electricity or eliminate static electricity. In order to ensure the stability of the paraffin section transferring and developing instrument in the using process, the bottom of the bracket 1 is fixed on the base 4, and the angle of the bracket 1 on the base 4 can be adjusted. Therefore, when the paraffin slice conveying device is used, an operator can enable the first end of the conveying belt to be close to the knife edge of the slicing machine as far as possible, the conveying belt 7 can be charged with static electricity due to the static mechanism 15, cut paraffin slices can be automatically adsorbed on the conveying belt 7, then when the paraffin slices are conveyed to the second end by the conveying belt 7, the static mechanism 15 enables the conveying belt 7 to eliminate static electricity, and finally the paraffin slices are unfolded on a warm water surface, so that automatic transfer and slice unfolding operation of the paraffin slices are achieved. Paraffin section in this scheme of adoption shifts and exhibition piece instrument, has avoided prior art, and during artifical exhibition piece, tweezers press from both sides and get the shakiness and lead to the paraffin thin slice to float back and overlap the adhesion, perhaps paraffin thin slice place when warm water because of with the damaged technical problem of paraffin thin slice that tweezers adhesion caused. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the shoulders, the backs and the hands of the operators feel sour and painful and even strain caused by a long-time slicing process is avoided. In this embodiment, because the angle of support 1 on base 4 can be adjusted, make things convenient for operating personnel to adjust the angle of conveyer belt 7 according to the section condition, make its first end press close to the edge of a knife as far as possible to the paraffin thin slice shifts to the conveyer belt smoothly on, has improved the convenience of operation process.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the support 1 is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity, so that the shape of the support 1 is stable, and when the cooling mechanism 8 blows cold air into the inner cavity of the support 1, the support 1 and the conveyor belt 7 can keep consistent temperature, which is beneficial to cooling the conveyor belt 7. The support 1 comprises a support part 5 and a shell 3, a conveyor belt 7 is laid on the periphery of the support part 5, and the edge of the shell 3 and the outer edges of two sides of the support part 5 enclose to form a closed cavity. The support piece 5 comprises a flat plate in the middle and two end triangles, wherein the two end triangles are acute angles of 15-45 degrees, and the two ends of the conveyor belt 7 are also acute angles when the conveyor belt 7 is laid on the support piece 5, so that the paraffin slice can be conveniently adsorbed or separated from the surface of the conveyor belt 7.
Continuing to refer to fig. 2, the power unit 6 of the transmission mechanism 2 comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a motor, the transmission belt 7 is sleeved on the outer edge of the driven wheel, and the motor drives the transmission belt 7 to move through the driving wheel and the driven wheel. In this embodiment, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are speed-adjustable gear sets, the diameters of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are different, the driven wheel is arranged on the back surface of the supporting piece 5, and the conveying belt 7 is wrapped on the outer edges of the supporting piece 5 and the driven wheel to form a triangle. In order to ensure the adsorption and separation of the paraffin slice and the conveyor belt 7, the conveyor belt 7 is made of rubber or a rubber composite product or plastic or a plastic and fabric composite material, and the thickness of the conveyor belt 7 is thinner, so that the conveyor belt 7 is convenient to unfold and wrap the outer edge of the supporting piece 5, and the two ends of the conveyor belt 7 can conveniently receive the paraffin slice or be separated from the paraffin slice; on the other hand, the thin conveyor belt 7 can quickly take a trace amount of charges under the action of the electrostatic mechanism 15, and is beneficial to adsorbing the paraffin flakes.
Continuing to refer to fig. 2, the refrigeration mechanism 8 includes a refrigerator 8 and a cold air pipe 8, and the cold air pipe 8 is disposed in the closed space of the rack 1. Like this refrigerating mechanism 8 insufflates cold wind in the closed cavity of support 1, has guaranteed that conveyer belt 7 is in the low temperature state for the paraffin thin slice transfer in-process can not take place to melt or warp because of high temperature, avoids the paraffin thin slice to glue on conveyer belt 7 simultaneously.
Continuing to refer to fig. 2, in another modified embodiment, on the basis of the present embodiment, a blowing mechanism 10 is further provided, the blowing mechanism 10 is disposed below the second end of the conveyor belt 7, and an air outlet of the blower faces the surface of the conveyor belt 7. Thus, when the wax flakes move with the conveyor belt 7 to the second end, the wax flakes on the conveyor belt 7 are separated from the conveyor belt 7 more quickly by the gentle wind from the blower.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the electrostatic mechanism 15 includes a metal roller 11, a static electrode 12, a grounding electrode 13, and a bidirectional automatic switch, the metal roller 11 contacts with the surface of the conveyor belt 7, the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the static electrode 12 to charge the static electricity on the surfaces of the metal roller 11 and the conveyor belt 7, and the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode 13 to remove the static electricity on the surfaces of the metal roller 11 and the conveyor belt 7.
Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of the embodiment, in another modified embodiment, a temperature measuring mechanism 16 is further included and is arranged in the closed cavity of the bracket 1. The probe of the temperature measuring mechanism 16 can be attached to the supporting part 5 of the bracket 1 or can be arranged in the cavity of the bracket 1. Because the temperature measurement can 16 detect the temperature of the support 1 and the transmission belt 7 in real time and feed the temperature back to the refrigerating mechanism 8, the transmission belt 7 can be ensured to be always in a low-temperature state in the working process, and the paraffin slices conveyed by the transmission belt 7 can not be melted or deformed.
On the basis of the embodiment, in another modified embodiment, the system further comprises a control system, and the control system is communicated with the conveying mechanism 2, the refrigerating mechanism 8, the temperature measuring mechanism 16, the air blowing mechanism 10 and the electrostatic mechanism 15 and controls the operation of the mechanisms. The control system receives a signal fed back by the temperature measuring mechanism 16 and controls the operation of the refrigerating mechanism 8 according to a preset temperature regulation rule; the control system controls the starting and closing of the conveying mechanism 2 and controls the working state of the electrostatic mechanism 15 according to the working condition of the conveying mechanism 2 according to preset parameters. The working principle of the paraffin section transferring and developing instrument provided with the control system is briefly described with reference to the attached figure 2:
(1) starting a switch of a control system, starting the transmission mechanism 2, the temperature measuring mechanism 16, the static mechanism 15 and the refrigerating mechanism 8 to work, and keeping the transmission belt in a low-temperature state by the refrigerating mechanism 8, wherein the temperature is generally about 10 ℃; when the temperature measuring mechanism 16 detects that the temperature of the conveyor belt 7 or the support 1 is higher than a set value, a signal is sent to the control system, the control system increases the power of the refrigerating machine 8 to further reduce the temperature of the conveyor belt 7, and the static mechanism 15 works to enable the conveyor belt 7 to be charged with static electricity;
(2) the first end of the conveyor belt 7 is close to the knife edge, when the specimen holder descends to the position of the blade, the paraffin block is cut into paraffin slices by the blade, and meanwhile, the paraffin slices are adsorbed to the surface of the first end of the conveyor belt 7 with static electricity; the conveyor belt 7 moves downwards to convey the paraffin flakes to the second end of the conveyor belt 7, and when the paraffin flakes are conveyed to the end of the second end of the conveyor belt 7, the static mechanism 15 works to enable the conveyor belt 7 to eliminate static electricity; the control system controls the blowing mechanism 10 to work to blow out breeze, and the paraffin slices are blown away from the conveyor belt 7 and fall on the surface of the warm water through the horizontal shearing force of the wind.
According to the principle, control parameters of the conveying mechanism, the electrostatic mechanism and the blowing mechanism in the control system can be modified according to the length of the conveying belt, the moving speed of the conveying belt and the length of the transferred paraffin slice, and the moving speed of the conveying belt is ensured to be consistent with the vertical moving speed of the specimen holder (the moving speed of the specimen holder is the speed of the blade for cutting the paraffin blocks). So that the paraffin flakes are cut off and then adsorbed onto the first end surface of the conveyor belt, without being crumpled (when the conveyor belt moves at a slower speed than the blade cuts the paraffin) and torn (when the conveyor belt moves at a faster speed than the blade cuts the paraffin block).
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5, the slicing apparatus in this embodiment is used for obtaining paraffin slices, and includes a fixing base 17, a specimen holder 18 and a blade 19 which are arranged on the fixing base 17, the specimen holder 18 is vertically movably arranged on the fixing base 17, and the apparatus further includes a paraffin slice transferring and spreading instrument in embodiment 1, the paraffin slice transferring and spreading instrument is arranged below the specimen holder 18, the base 4 is fixed on the fixing base 17, and the conveyor belt 7 is made to keep an inclined angle, so that the first end of the conveyor belt 7 is close to the blade 19, and can receive and adsorb paraffin slices cut off by the blade 19. When a paraffin block wrapping biological tissues is placed in the specimen holder 18, the slicing device is started, when the specimen holder 18 vertically moves downwards for a preset distance, the edge of the paraffin block in the specimen holder 18 is cut out of a thin slice by the blade 19, and the blade 19 continuously cuts out a strip-shaped paraffin thin slice along with the continuous reciprocating vertical movement of the specimen holder 18; the cut paraffin flakes are attracted by the electrostatically charged conveyor belt 7 and move with the conveyor belt 7 to the second end. In other embodiments, the paraffin slice transferring and spreading device can be placed at the position for cutting the paraffin slice according to the movement mode of the specimen holder 18 and the blade 19 of the slicing device; such as blade 19, is stationary and specimen holder 18 is reciprocated in a vertical direction.
With continued reference to fig. 5, the slicing apparatus in this embodiment further includes a laser range finder 22, and the laser range finder 22 is disposed on the fixing base 17. Laser range finder 22 shifts with the paraffin section and the control system communication connection of exhibition piece instrument, in this embodiment, is provided with switch board 23 on the fixing base 17, installs PLC control system in the switch board 23. The laser range finder 22 detects the displacement state of the specimen holder 18 and converts the displacement state into a signal to be sent to the control system, and the control system receives the signal detected by the laser range finder 22 and controls the paraffin section transfer and the operation of the slide spreading instrument according to the signal. By arranging the laser range finder 22, the vertical movement of the specimen holder 18 can be detected, when the specimen holder 18 moves vertically to be close to the blade 19, that is, when the blade 19 cuts off a paraffin slice from the specimen holder 18, the laser range finder 22 transmits the detected signal to the control system, and the control system controls the transmission mechanism 2 to start, so that the transmission belt 7 starts to move.
Referring to fig. 5, a basin 20 is arranged at the second end of the conveyor belt 7, warm water for paraffin slice exhibition is contained in the basin 20, and the second end of the conveyor belt 7 is close to the water surface. This is arranged so that the cut paraffin flakes are automatically transferred and spread out to the surface of the warm water by the conveyor belt 7.
The working principle of the slicing device in the embodiment is briefly described: when the control system receives the action information that the specimen holder 18 moves vertically downwards towards the blade 19 and is detected by the laser range finder 22, the control system controls the electrostatic mechanism 15 to be started, namely the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the electrostatic electrode 12, so that the conveyor belt 7 is provided with weak charges; when the specimen holder 18 vertically moves upwards to reach the initial position, the paraffin slice moves to the second end along with the conveyor belt 7, and at the moment, the control system controls the static mechanism 15 to stop working, namely the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode 13, so that static on the conveyor belt 7 is eliminated. The transmission belt 7 is charged with static electricity through the static mechanism 15, the transmission belt 7 has an adsorption function, cut paraffin thin slices can be adsorbed on the surface of the transmission belt 7, the paraffin thin slices are timely adsorbed on the transmission belt 7 when being cut, the paraffin thin slices are in an unfolded state, and the phenomenon of rolling is avoided during adsorption; when the paraffin slice moves to the second end along with the conveyor belt 7, the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode 13, static electricity on the conveyor belt 7 is eliminated, and the paraffin slice is separated from the second end of the conveyor belt 7 and is unfolded on a warm water surface. And when the conveyor belt 7 runs for a preset distance and the paraffin slice is close to the upper part of the warm water surface, the blowing mechanism 10 blows out breeze towards the surface of the conveyor belt 7, so that the paraffin slice is separated from the conveyor belt 7 and is spread on the water surface.
The method for slicing the paraffin by adopting the slicing device in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a control system, and controlling the static mechanism to work when the control system receives a signal that the specimen holder moves vertically downwards so as to make a conveyor belt for transferring the paraffin sections charged with static electricity;
s2, enabling the specimen clamp to move the paraffin block inside the specimen clamp vertically downwards and close to the blade, enabling the blade to finish a paraffin slicing action when the specimen clamp reaches the lowest position, enabling one end of the conveyor belt with static electricity in the step S1 to adsorb the cut paraffin slices, enabling the control system to start the conveying mechanism, and enabling the conveyor belt to start moving at the speed that the specimen clamp vertically downwards moves;
s3, the paraffin section moves along with the conveyor belt and is conveyed to the other end of the conveyor belt, and when the paraffin section reaches the tail end of the second end of the conveyor belt (corresponding to the initial position that the specimen holder rises to the highest point), the static electricity of the conveyor belt is eliminated;
and S4, blowing off the paraffin section at the other end of the conveyor belt by a blowing mechanism and flatly paving the paraffin section at the target position.
The specific control process of the control system to the electrostatic mechanism and the conveying mechanism can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the distance between the highest point of the specimen holder and the blade is constant, H is set, and the length of the conveyor belt is set to Y cm. When the laser range finder detects that the specimen holder starts to move vertically downwards, a signal is sent to the control system, the control system controls the conveying mechanism and the electrostatic mechanism to start working, and the moving speed of the conveying belt and the descending speed V of the specimen holder are ensuredSign boardThe paraffin slice is uniformly adsorbed to the first end of the conveying belt with static electricity, and the paraffin slice cannot be crumpled and torn when being adsorbed to the first end of the conveying belt with static electricity and can be completely paved on the conveying belt. When the laser range finder detects that the specimen holder reaches the lowest point (the cutting action of the paraffin block is finished by the corresponding blade), the specimen holder is about to start to vertically ascend and return to the initial position, and the walking distance of the specimen holder in the time period when the specimen holder returns to the initial position is H. In this embodiment, the control system controls the speed of the conveyor belt to be V during the process that the specimen holder moves vertically upwardsConveying appliance＝Y/(H/VSign board) When the laser range finder detects that the specimen holder vertically rises to the highest point initial position (corresponding to the paraffin section moves to the tail end of the second end of the conveying belt along with the conveying belt), a signal is sent to the control system, the control system controls the two-way switch of the static mechanism to be connected with the grounding electrode, so that the conveying belt eliminates static electricity, and the paraffin section can smoothly leave the surface of the second end of the conveying belt before the next period of slicing is carried out.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and not for limiting the protection scope thereof, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: numerous variations, modifications, and equivalents will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present application and are within the scope of the claims as issued or as granted.
Claims (9)
1. The paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument is characterized by comprising a support, a conveying mechanism, a refrigerating mechanism and a static mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt and a power unit, the conveying belt is laid on the surface of the support, the power unit drives the conveying belt to move, a cold air port of the refrigerating mechanism is arranged in the inner space of the support below the conveying belt, and the tail end of the static mechanism is in contact with the conveying belt and enables the static mechanism to carry a small amount of static electricity or eliminate static electricity; the static mechanism comprises a metal roller, a static electrode, a grounding electrode and a bidirectional automatic switch, the metal roller is in contact with the surface of the conveyor belt, the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the static electrode to enable the surface of the metal roller and the surface of the conveyor belt to be charged with static electricity, and the bidirectional automatic switch is communicated with the grounding electrode to enable the surface of the metal roller and the surface of the conveyor belt to be static-free.
2. The paraffin section transfer and slide instrument of claim 1, wherein the rack comprises a support member and a housing, the conveyor belt is laid on the periphery of the support member, and the housing and the outer edge of the support member enclose to form a closed cavity.
3. The paraffin slice transfer and spread apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a blower mechanism disposed below the second end of the conveyor belt, the blower having an outlet opening facing the surface of the conveyor belt.
4. The paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument as claimed in claim 3, wherein the power unit comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a motor, the transmission belt is sleeved on the outer edge of the driven wheel, and the motor drives the transmission belt to move through the driving wheel and the driven wheel.
5. The paraffin section transfer and spread instrument of claim 2, further comprising a thermometry mechanism disposed within the closed cavity of the holder.
6. The paraffin section transfer and slide tool of claim 2, further comprising a control system in communication with the transport mechanism, refrigeration mechanism, blower mechanism and electrostatic mechanism and controlling the operation of each mechanism.
7. The section device for obtain the paraffin section, including the fixing base and set up in specimen holder and blade on the fixing base, the specimen holder mobilizable set up in on the fixing base, its characterized in that still includes according to any one of claims 1 to 6 paraffin section shift and exhibition piece instrument, paraffin section shift and exhibition piece instrument set up in one side of blade, just the first end of conveyer belt is close to the edge of a knife and receives the paraffin thin slice of blade cutting.
8. The sectioning device according to claim 7, further comprising a laser range finder for detecting a displacement state of the specimen holder, the laser range finder being disposed on the fixing base; the laser range finder is in communication connection with a control system of the paraffin section transferring and film spreading instrument, the control system receives the position signal of the specimen holder detected by the laser range finder and controls the paraffin section transferring and film spreading instrument to operate according to the signal.
9. A paraffin sectioning method using the paraffin section transfer and slide instrument as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, carrying a trace amount of static electricity on a conveyor belt for transferring the paraffin sections;
s2, cutting the paraffin section by a blade, and then approaching and adsorbing the cut paraffin section by one end of the conveying belt with static electricity in the step S1;
s3, starting the conveyor belt, and eliminating static electricity of the conveyor belt when the paraffin section moves to the other end of the conveyor belt;
and S4, paving the paraffin section at the other end of the conveyor belt at the target position.
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| CN201911054942.7A CN110749483B (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Paraffin section transferring and spreading instrument, section device and paraffin section method |
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| CN117571363B (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-03-22 | 苏州大学附属第二医院 | Paraffin sample section processing apparatus of pathology department |
| CN117969149B (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-08-13 | 江苏久太医药有限公司 | Automatic pathological section identifying machine and classification system thereof |
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