CN110748494B - Self-stabilizing steam pressurizing system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Self-stabilizing steam pressurizing system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110748494B CN110748494B CN201911200395.9A CN201911200395A CN110748494B CN 110748494 B CN110748494 B CN 110748494B CN 201911200395 A CN201911200395 A CN 201911200395A CN 110748494 B CN110748494 B CN 110748494B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001088 anti-asthma Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000924 antiasthmatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
- F04D27/0215—Arrangements therefor, e.g. bleed or by-pass valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/667—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by influencing the flow pattern, e.g. suppression of turbulence
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
- F17D1/065—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours
- F17D1/07—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours by compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/20—Arrangements or systems of devices for influencing or altering dynamic characteristics of the systems, e.g. for damping pulsations caused by opening or closing of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
Abstract
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a self-stabilizing steam pressurizing system and a working method thereof, which have high heat energy recovery rate and high automation degree. The device comprises a steam inlet buffer tank, an air inlet valve, a steam inlet water sprayer, a steam inlet guide vane mechanism, a first compressor stage, an interstage water sprayer, a second compressor stage, a steam exhaust water sprayer, a check valve, a steam exhaust valve and a steam exhaust buffer tank which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, wherein the steam inlet buffer tank is used for buffering steam; the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are used as valves of a system opening and cutting-off pipeline; the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer and the steam exhaust water sprayer are used for carrying out mist spraying on the superheated steam and converting the superheated steam into saturated steam; a first compressor stage and a second compressor stage for compressing and pressurizing the input vapor; the steam inlet guide vane mechanism controls the steam flow entering the first stage of the compressor by adjusting the size of the throat opening between the guide vanes; the exhaust buffer tank is used for buffering input steam and outputting the input steam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, in particular to a self-stabilization steam pressurizing system and a working method thereof.
Background
Along with the increasing serious environmental pollution, the energy source is more and more strained, the energy conservation and the environmental protection become one of the global hot topics, and the method is particularly prominent for various important factory enterprises. A large amount of waste steam is generated after heat exchange is carried out on various heat exchange equipment in many smelting plants, paper mills and power plants, and because the steam is low in pressure and low in grade, the waste steam is difficult to directly recycle, if the waste steam is recycled by a condensation method for constructing a cooling tower, the energy is consumed, the benefit is not great, and the waste steam is always directly discharged to the atmosphere, so that environmental pollution is caused, and huge waste of energy is caused. The most common way to recycle low pressure steam is to boost the low pressure steam to high grade, usable high pressure steam. The conventional pressurizing mode is a steam ejector, high-pressure steam is required to be consumed, and a large amount of capacity loss is caused when the high-pressure steam and the low-pressure steam are mixed, so that the energy utilization rate of the mode is low, and the operation is not easy to adjust due to the fact that the steam ejector is provided with no moving parts, and the automation degree is low. The other is the Roots type compressor, because the Roots type compressor realizes sealing by means of a tightly controlled gap between two rotors, the sealing effect on high-pressure steam is poor, the efficiency of the whole compressor is low, and the steam outlet has pressure pulsation, the noise is large, and the new noise pollution problem can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a self-stabilizing steam pressurizing system and a working method thereof, which can effectively recycle low-pressure superheated steam, and have high recovery rate and high automation degree.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
the self-stabilization steam pressurizing system comprises a steam inlet buffer tank, an air inlet valve, a steam inlet water sprayer, a steam inlet guide vane mechanism, a first stage of a compressor, an interstage water sprayer, a second stage of the compressor, a steam exhaust water sprayer, a check valve, a steam exhaust valve and a steam exhaust buffer tank which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, wherein the steam inlet buffer tank is used for buffering input low-pressure superheated steam; the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are used as valves of a system opening and cutting-off pipeline; the steam inlet water sprayers, the interstage water sprayers and the steam exhaust water sprayers are used for carrying out mist spraying on the superheated steam and converting the superheated steam into saturated steam; the first compressor stage and the second compressor stage are used for compressing and pressurizing input steam; the steam inlet guide vane mechanism controls the steam flow entering the first stage of the compressor by adjusting the size of the throat opening between the guide vanes; the exhaust buffer tank is used for buffering the input high-pressure saturated steam and outputting the high-pressure saturated steam.
Further, a branch is led out from the steam outlet end of the steam exhaust water sprayer, and an anti-asthma regulating valve, a temperature and pressure reducing device and a check valve are sequentially connected in series on the branch and then led into the steam inlet end of the first stage of the compressor.
Further, the bottoms of the steam inlet buffer tank and the steam outlet buffer tank are connected with drain valves so as to drain condensed water; the water outlets of the first stage and the second stage of the compressor are connected with drain valves so as to drain condensed water; the temperature and pressure reducing device is connected with drain valves to drain condensed water, and each drain valve adopts a floating ball type structure to realize continuous drainage.
Further, the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer and the exhaust water sprayer are venturi type temperature reducing water sprayers; the temperature and pressure reducer adopts a gas film type butterfly valve, and the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the steam exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducer are integrated together.
Further, an air inlet corrugated pipe is arranged between the air inlet valve and the air inlet water sprayer, an air exhaust corrugated pipe is arranged between the air exhaust water sprayer and the check valve, the air inlet corrugated pipe and the air exhaust corrugated pipe are used for absorbing heat expansion and cold contraction of the pipeline, and the air inlet corrugated pipe and the air exhaust corrugated pipe are respectively provided with a flexible joint for absorbing force generated by non-centering in the pipeline.
A working method of a self-stabilizing steam pressurizing system,
the primary low-pressure superheated steam enters a steam inlet buffer tank for buffering;
the low-pressure superheated steam enters a steam inlet water sprayer, and the steam inlet water sprayer sprays mist-like low-pressure superheated steam to convert the low-pressure superheated steam into low-pressure saturated steam;
the low-pressure saturated steam enters a steam inlet guide vane mechanism, and the flow of the low-pressure saturated steam entering the first stage of the compressor is controlled by adjusting the size of a throat opening between guide vanes of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism;
the low-pressure saturated steam enters a first stage of a compressor, the first stage of the compressor pressurizes the low-pressure saturated steam for the first time, and the low-pressure saturated steam is converted into primary high-pressure superheated steam;
the primary high-pressure superheated steam enters an interstage water sprayer, and the interstage water sprayer performs mist spraying on the primary high-pressure superheated steam to convert the primary high-pressure superheated steam into primary high-pressure saturated steam;
the primary high-pressure saturated steam enters a second stage of the compressor, and the second stage of the compressor pressurizes the primary high-pressure saturated steam for the second time to convert the primary high-pressure saturated steam into secondary high-pressure superheated steam;
the secondary high-pressure superheated steam enters a steam exhaust water sprayer, and the steam exhaust water sprayer carries out mist spraying on the secondary high-pressure superheated steam to convert the secondary high-pressure superheated steam into secondary high-pressure saturated steam;
the secondary high-pressure saturated steam enters a steam exhaust buffer tank, and the steam exhaust buffer tank buffers the secondary high-pressure saturated steam and outputs the secondary high-pressure saturated steam.
Further, the system startup method comprises the following steps:
sequentially opening an exhaust valve, an anti-asthma regulating valve and an air inlet valve to full-opening degree, regulating the opening degree of a guide vane of an air inlet guide vane mechanism to minimum, sequentially opening water inlet channels of the air inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducing device, starting a first stage of a compressor and a second stage of the compressor to full-rotation speed, gradually regulating the opening degree of the guide vane of the air inlet guide vane mechanism to maximum, gradually reducing the opening degree of the anti-asthma regulating valve to a closed state, and completing system startup if all the system operates normally.
Further, the normal shutdown method of the system comprises the following steps:
opening the anti-asthma regulating valve to full-opening degree, gradually regulating the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism to minimum, stopping the operation of the first stage and the second stage of the compressor, sequentially closing the water inlet channels of the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the steam exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducing device, and sequentially closing the steam exhaust valve, the anti-asthma regulating valve and the air inlet valve to minimum opening degree, thereby completing the normal shutdown of the system.
Further, the system emergency shutdown method comprises the following steps:
and stopping the operation of the first stage and the second stage of the compressor, simultaneously, opening the anti-surge regulating valve to the full opening degree, gradually regulating the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism to the minimum, sequentially closing the water inlet channels of the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the steam exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducer, and sequentially closing the steam exhaust valve, the anti-surge regulating valve and the air inlet valve to the minimum opening degree, thereby completing the emergency shutdown of the system.
Further, when the flow fluctuation of the input low-pressure superheated steam is large or the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline is large, the system automatically starts an anti-surge mode, and the working method of the anti-surge mode is as follows:
firstly, an anti-surge regulating valve in a branch is opened to a certain opening degree, the opening degree value is determined according to the input low-pressure superheated steam change rate/the pressure change rate in a pipeline, part of secondary high-pressure saturated steam enters the branch through the anti-surge regulating valve, the temperature and pressure reducer reduces the pressure and the temperature of the steam, and then the steam is introduced into a steam inlet end of a first stage of a compressor;
in the working process of the anti-surge mode, on one hand, the flow of the first-stage steam inlet end of the compressor is forcedly increased, and on the other hand, the flow of the second-stage steam outlet end of the compressor is reduced, so that the back pressure of the compressor is reduced, and the operating point of the compressor deviates from a surge area;
and after the flow fluctuation of the input low-pressure superheated steam/the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline is eliminated, automatically closing the anti-surge regulating valve to the minimum opening degree, so that the system returns to the stable normal operation condition.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses high-efficiency centrifugal steam compressor as core equipment, reliable automatic anti-asthma technology and forms a self-stabilizing steam pressurizing system together with other necessary accessories.
The working process is a full-automatic control mode, so that surge can be timely and accurately detected and judged, and effective anti-surge adjustment can be performed, on one hand, unattended operation can be achieved, labor force can be liberated, misjudgment due to human factors can be avoided, on the other hand, production stopping caused by a traditional shutdown checking mode can be avoided, various additional cost increases, huge waste of manpower and material resources is caused, and a key effect is played for long-term stable operation of the whole system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A self-stabilization steam pressurizing system is shown in a structural schematic diagram in FIG. 1, and mainly comprises a steam inlet buffer tank 1, a steam inlet butterfly valve 2, a steam inlet corrugated pipe 3, a steam inlet water sprayer 4, a steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5, a first compressor stage 6, an interstage water sprayer 7, a second compressor stage 8, a steam exhaust water sprayer 9, an anti-asthma regulating valve 10, a temperature and pressure reducing device 11, a steam exhaust corrugated pipe 12, a check valve 13, a steam exhaust butterfly valve 14, a steam exhaust buffer tank 15, a steam trap 16, a steam trap 17, a check valve 18, a steam trap 19, a steam trap 20 and the like. Wherein, the steam inlet buffer tank 1 and the steam outlet buffer tank 15 are provided with safety valves, which play a role in safety pressure relief; the air inlet butterfly valve 2 and the steam exhaust butterfly valve 14 are switch-type butterfly valves, and play a role in opening and closing pipelines; the anti-asthma regulating valve 10 is a proportional regulating valve, and can accurately control the opening degree of the valve; the steam inlet corrugated pipe 3 and the steam outlet corrugated pipe 12 are respectively provided with a flexible joint, so that the pipeline can be absorbed to be misaligned to a certain extent; the steam inlet sprinkler 4, the interstage sprinkler 7 and the steam exhaust sprinkler 9 are venturi type temperature-reducing sprinklers, and are more reliable than the traditional nozzle water spraying; the steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5 adopts an inner-outer double-layer structure to ensure the tightness of the mechanism, 19 wing-shaped blades are circumferentially distributed on the pivot, and the flow is regulated by regulating the opening of the throat among the blades, so that the pneumatic efficiency is higher than that of the traditional valve opening regulating mode; the core component compressor of the whole system adopts a two-stage high-speed centrifugal compressor, so that the efficiency is high, the supercharging capacity is high, the noise is low, and the reliability is high; the temperature and pressure reducer 11 adopts an integrated device integrating a gas film type butterfly valve and a Venturi type temperature reducing water sprayer, so that the adaptability to steam temperature and pressure fluctuation is stronger; the drain valve 16, the drain valve 17, the drain valve 19 and the drain valve 20 all adopt floating ball structures capable of continuously draining water; the check valve 13 and the check valve 18 are of double-flat-plate spring type structures with low opening pressure, so that steam in the pipeline is prevented from flowing backwards.
The steam flow of the operation of the steam pressurizing system is 15T/h, the pressure of low-pressure steam is 0.9Mpa.A, the temperature is 270 ℃ (superheated steam), the pressure after pressurizing is 1.9Mpa.A, the temperature is 210 ℃ (saturated steam), and the detailed operation principle and start-stop process of the system are as follows:
the primary low-pressure superheated steam enters the steam inlet buffer tank 1 for buffering, and a drain valve 20 is arranged at the bottom of the steam inlet buffer tank 1, so that condensed water can be continuously discharged; the buffered superheated steam passes through an air inlet butterfly valve 2 and an air inlet corrugated pipe 3 in sequence, and then an air inlet water sprayer 4 sprays the superheated steam in a mist mode to convert the superheated steam (the pressure is 0.9mpa.A and the temperature is 270 ℃) into saturated steam (the pressure is 0.9mpa.A and the temperature is 175 ℃). The steam flow entering the compressor is controlled by adjusting the size of the throat opening between the guide vanes through the steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5; the saturated steam is pressurized once after entering the first stage of the compressor, the pressure after pressurization is 1.36mpa A, the temperature is 246.8 ℃ (the superheated steam), then the interstage cooling is carried out through an interstage sprinkler 7, the superheated steam after the primary pressurization is converted into saturated steam, the saturated steam enters the second stage of the compressor, the pressure of the superheated steam obtained after the secondary pressurization is 1.9mpa.A, the temperature is 242.3 ℃, and the superheated steam obtained after the secondary pressurization is sprayed and cooled through a steam exhaust sprinkler 9, so that the saturated secondary steam (the pressure is 1.9mpa A, and the temperature is 210 ℃). The secondary saturated steam sequentially passes through the steam discharge corrugated pipe 12, the check valve 13 and the steam discharge butterfly valve 14 and then enters the steam discharge buffer tank 15 for buffering, and the steam discharge buffer tank 15 is provided with a drain valve 16 at the bottom, so that condensed water can be continuously discharged; and finally, the buffered secondary saturated steam is merged into a main pipeline of the factory, so that various process requirements of the factory are met.
And (3) starting up the process: the exhaust butterfly valve 14, the anti-surge regulating valve 10 and the air inlet butterfly valve 2 are sequentially opened to reach full opening, the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5 is regulated to be minimum, the water inlet channels of the steam inlet sprinkler 4, the interstage sprinkler 7, the exhaust sprinkler 9 and the temperature and pressure reducer 11 are sequentially opened, the compressor is started to reach full rotation speed, the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5 is gradually regulated to be maximum, the opening degree of the anti-surge regulating valve 10 is gradually reduced to be in a closed state, and if all the system operates normally, the starting of the system is indicated to be completed.
Normal shutdown flow: the anti-surge regulating valve 10 is opened to full opening degree, the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5 is gradually regulated to minimum, the operation of the compressor is stopped, the water inlet channels of the steam inlet water sprayer 4, the inter-stage water sprayer 7, the steam exhaust water sprayer 9 and the temperature and pressure reducer 11 are sequentially closed, the steam exhaust butterfly valve 14, the anti-surge regulating valve 10 and the air inlet butterfly valve 2 are sequentially closed to minimum opening degree, and the normal shutdown of the system is completed.
Emergency shutdown procedure: the compressor is stopped, the anti-surge regulating valve 10 is opened to full opening degree, the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism 5 is gradually adjusted to be minimum, the water inlet channels of the steam inlet water sprayer 4, the interstage water sprayer 7, the steam exhaust water sprayer 9 and the temperature and pressure reducer 11 are sequentially closed, the steam exhaust butterfly valve 14, the anti-surge regulating valve 10 and the air inlet butterfly valve 2 are sequentially closed to be minimum opening degree, and the emergency shutdown of the system is completed.
If the flow fluctuation of primary steam is large or the pressure fluctuation of a process main pipeline is large in actual operation, the compressor can possibly surge, and the system automatically starts an anti-surge mode; after the anti-surge mode is started, firstly, an anti-surge regulating valve 10 in a branch is opened to a certain opening degree (the opening degree depends on the primary steam flow rate or the pressure rate of a process main pipeline), part of the superheated steam after the second pressurization enters the branch through the anti-surge regulating valve 10, then, the pressure and the temperature of the steam are reduced through a temperature and pressure reducer 11, the superheated steam with the pressure of 1.9mpa.A and the temperature of 242.3 ℃ is converted into saturated steam with the pressure of 0.9mpa.A and the temperature of 175 ℃, and the saturated steam enters an inlet pipeline of a first stage of the compressor, and enters the first stage of the compressor along with the primary steam for pressurization; in the process, on one hand, the inlet flow of the compressor is forcibly increased, and on the other hand, the flow in the main pipeline of the outlet of the compressor is reduced, so that the back pressure of the compressor is reduced, and the operating point of the compressor is deviated from a surge area; when the flow or pressure fluctuation of the pipeline is eliminated, the opening of the anti-surge regulating valve 10 is automatically closed to the minimum, so that the system returns to the stable normal operation condition again.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A self-stabilizing vapor pressurization system, characterized by: the low-pressure superheated steam generator comprises a steam inlet buffer tank, an air inlet valve, a steam inlet water sprayer, a steam inlet guide vane mechanism, a first compressor stage, an interstage water sprayer, a second compressor stage, a steam exhaust water sprayer, a check valve, a steam exhaust valve and a steam exhaust buffer tank which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, wherein the steam inlet buffer tank is used for buffering input low-pressure superheated steam; the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are used as valves of a system opening and cutting-off pipeline; the steam inlet water sprayers, the interstage water sprayers and the steam exhaust water sprayers are used for carrying out mist spraying on the superheated steam and converting the superheated steam into saturated steam; the first compressor stage and the second compressor stage are used for compressing and pressurizing input steam; the steam inlet guide vane mechanism controls the steam flow entering the first stage of the compressor by adjusting the size of the throat opening between the guide vanes; the steam exhaust buffer tank is used for buffering the input high-pressure saturated steam and outputting the high-pressure saturated steam;
a branch is led out from the steam outlet end of the steam exhaust water sprayer, and is sequentially connected with an anti-asthma regulating valve, a temperature and pressure reducer and a check valve in series, and then is led into the steam inlet end of the first stage of the compressor;
and a steam inlet corrugated pipe is arranged between the air inlet valve and the steam inlet water sprayer, a steam outlet corrugated pipe is arranged between the steam outlet water sprayer and the check valve, and the steam inlet corrugated pipe and the steam outlet corrugated pipe are used for absorbing heat expansion and cold contraction of the pipeline, and the steam inlet corrugated pipe and the steam outlet corrugated pipe are respectively provided with a flexible joint for absorbing force generated by non-centering in the pipeline.
2. A self-stabilizing vapor pressurization system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottoms of the steam inlet buffer tank and the steam exhaust buffer tank are connected with drain valves so as to drain condensed water; the water outlets of the first stage and the second stage of the compressor are connected with drain valves so as to drain condensed water; the temperature and pressure reducing device is connected with drain valves to drain condensed water, and each drain valve adopts a floating ball type structure to realize continuous drainage.
3. A self-stabilizing vapor pressurization system according to claim 1, wherein: the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer and the exhaust water sprayer are venturi type temperature reducing water sprayers; the temperature and pressure reducer adopts a gas film type butterfly valve, and the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the steam exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducer are integrated together.
4. A method of operating the self-stabilizing vapor pressurization system of claim 1, wherein:
the primary low-pressure superheated steam enters a steam inlet buffer tank for buffering;
the low-pressure superheated steam enters a steam inlet water sprayer, and the steam inlet water sprayer sprays mist-like low-pressure superheated steam to convert the low-pressure superheated steam into low-pressure saturated steam;
the low-pressure saturated steam enters a steam inlet guide vane mechanism, and the flow of the low-pressure saturated steam entering the first stage of the compressor is controlled by adjusting the size of a throat opening between guide vanes of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism;
the low-pressure saturated steam enters a first stage of a compressor, the first stage of the compressor pressurizes the low-pressure saturated steam for the first time, and the low-pressure saturated steam is converted into primary high-pressure superheated steam;
the primary high-pressure superheated steam enters an interstage water sprayer, and the interstage water sprayer performs mist spraying on the primary high-pressure superheated steam to convert the primary high-pressure superheated steam into primary high-pressure saturated steam;
the primary high-pressure saturated steam enters a second stage of the compressor, and the second stage of the compressor pressurizes the primary high-pressure saturated steam for the second time to convert the primary high-pressure saturated steam into secondary high-pressure superheated steam;
the secondary high-pressure superheated steam enters a steam exhaust water sprayer, and the steam exhaust water sprayer carries out mist spraying on the secondary high-pressure superheated steam to convert the secondary high-pressure superheated steam into secondary high-pressure saturated steam;
the secondary high-pressure saturated steam enters a steam exhaust buffer tank, and the steam exhaust buffer tank buffers the secondary high-pressure saturated steam and outputs the secondary high-pressure saturated steam.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the system is powered on by:
sequentially opening an exhaust valve, an anti-asthma regulating valve and an air inlet valve to full-opening degree, regulating the opening degree of a guide vane of an air inlet guide vane mechanism to minimum, sequentially opening water inlet channels of the air inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducing device, starting a first stage of a compressor and a second stage of the compressor to full-rotation speed, gradually regulating the opening degree of the guide vane of the air inlet guide vane mechanism to maximum, gradually reducing the opening degree of the anti-asthma regulating valve to a closed state, and completing system startup if all the system operates normally.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the system is shut down normally by:
opening the anti-asthma regulating valve to full-opening degree, gradually regulating the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism to minimum, stopping the operation of the first stage and the second stage of the compressor, sequentially closing the water inlet channels of the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the steam exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducing device, and sequentially closing the steam exhaust valve, the anti-asthma regulating valve and the air inlet valve to minimum opening degree, thereby completing the normal shutdown of the system.
7. A method of operating a self-stabilizing vapor pressurization system according to claim 4, wherein the system emergency shutdown method comprises:
and stopping the operation of the first stage and the second stage of the compressor, simultaneously, opening the anti-surge regulating valve to the full opening degree, gradually regulating the opening degree of the guide vane of the steam inlet guide vane mechanism to the minimum, sequentially closing the water inlet channels of the steam inlet water sprayer, the interstage water sprayer, the steam exhaust water sprayer and the temperature and pressure reducer, and sequentially closing the steam exhaust valve, the anti-surge regulating valve and the air inlet valve to the minimum opening degree, thereby completing the emergency shutdown of the system.
8. The method of operating a self-stabilizing vapor pressurization system of claim 4, wherein: when the flow fluctuation of the input low-pressure superheated steam is large or the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline is large, the system automatically starts an anti-surge mode, and the working method of the anti-surge mode is as follows:
firstly, an anti-surge regulating valve in a branch is opened to a certain opening degree, the opening degree value is determined according to the input low-pressure superheated steam change rate/the pressure change rate in a pipeline, part of secondary high-pressure saturated steam enters the branch through the anti-surge regulating valve, the temperature and pressure reducer reduces the pressure and the temperature of the steam, and then the steam is introduced into a steam inlet end of a first stage of a compressor;
in the working process of the anti-surge mode, on one hand, the flow of the first-stage steam inlet end of the compressor is forcedly increased, and on the other hand, the flow of the second-stage steam outlet end of the compressor is reduced, so that the back pressure of the compressor is reduced, and the operating point of the compressor deviates from a surge area;
and after the flow fluctuation of the input low-pressure superheated steam/the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline is eliminated, automatically closing the anti-surge regulating valve to the minimum opening degree, so that the system returns to the stable normal operation condition.
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| CN112902023A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-06-04 | 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 | Steam pipeline pressurization system and full-automatic control method thereof |
| CN215636564U (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-01-25 | 青岛新奥能源有限公司 | Secondary steam supercharging system |
| CN113883076B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2024-03-26 | 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 | Control method of multi-compressor series-operation multi-shaft compressor unit system |
| CN116771712B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-10-24 | 中粮生化(成都)有限公司 | Anti-asthma driving system and method for centrifugal compressor |
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