CN110747467B - Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating - Google Patents

Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110747467B
CN110747467B CN201911202984.0A CN201911202984A CN110747467B CN 110747467 B CN110747467 B CN 110747467B CN 201911202984 A CN201911202984 A CN 201911202984A CN 110747467 B CN110747467 B CN 110747467B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
powder
laser
workpiece
cladding
convex lens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201911202984.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110747467A (en
Inventor
陈智君
蔡仲尧
杨寒
张群莉
姚建华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Original Assignee
Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT filed Critical Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Priority to CN201911202984.0A priority Critical patent/CN110747467B/en
Publication of CN110747467A publication Critical patent/CN110747467A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110747467B publication Critical patent/CN110747467B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The laser rapid cladding process based on electromagnetic induction heating comprises the following steps: (1) calculating the temperature required for the powder particles to melt; (2) Preheating the powder to 0.2-0.7 times of the melting temperature of the powder by a heating system; (3) Focusing parallel light generated by a laser through a convex lens, and setting a cladding part on the surface of a workpiece as a focusing point of laser light speed; (4) And blowing the preheated powder to a cladding part of the surface of the workpiece, wherein the powder and the workpiece are melted together. The device for implementing the laser rapid cladding process based on electromagnetic induction heating comprises a mounting cylinder, a baffle plate and a cooling device, wherein a parallel light beam passes through the axis of a central inner hole, and a light outlet is aligned to the surface of a workpiece; the baffle is provided with a powder conveying pipe, a resistor coil is arranged on the powder conveying pipe, a convex lens is arranged in a central inner hole, the axial lead of the powder conveying pipe and the axial lead of the central inner hole are intersected at a focusing point of the convex lens, and the focusing point of the convex lens is arranged on the surface of a workpiece.

Description

Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating.
Background
Laser cladding is a new surface modification technique. The principle is that the cladding material is melted on the surface of the matrix by laser irradiation, so that the cladding material forms metallurgical bonding with the matrix. And a layer of coating with special performance is formed on the surface of the substrate, thereby prolonging the service life of the parts. Compared with surfacing, spraying, electroplating and vapor deposition, the laser cladding has the characteristics of small dilution, compact structure, good combination of a coating and a matrix, suitability for cladding materials, large granularity and content change and the like, so the application prospect of the laser cladding technology is very broad.
The greater the laser power, the greater the amount of cladding metal melted and the greater the probability of blow holes being created. According to the specific energy Es formula: es=p/(DV) laser power P, spot diameter D, and scanning speed V, and when the scanning speed and spot diameter are fixed, the cladding layer dilution rate increases with the increase of the laser beam power, and the cladding layer depth will gradually increase. When the depth of the cladding layer reaches the limit, the plasma in the cladding process can be increased along with the increase of power, so that the surface temperature of the substrate is increased, and the deformation and cracking phenomena are aggravated. However, the laser power is too small, only the surface coating is melted, the substrate is difficult to melt, and at the moment, local pilling, hollowness and the like appear on the surface of the cladding layer, so that the metallurgical bonding is poor, and the cladding purpose cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the laser cladding under the low-power condition is realized, and the cladding layer with strong interface bonding force, high quality and low dilution rate is prepared. A new rapid cladding process and device are needed, and the invention provides a laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating aiming at low-power laser cladding
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating, which are used for solving the problems of local pilling, hollowness, poor metallurgical bonding and the like of the surface of a cladding layer in low-power laser cladding, and the problems of high dilution rate, serious deformation and cracking phenomenon in high-power laser cladding.
The invention focuses the parallel light generated by the laser through the convex lens, the resistance heating device preheats the powder, and then the laser cladding is carried out, so that the laser cladding under the low power condition is realized, and the cladding layer with strong interface binding force, high quality and low dilution rate is prepared.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a laser rapid cladding process based on electromagnetic induction heating, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The temperature required by melting the powder particles is calculated according to the absorption coefficient of the powder to the laser, the specific heat of the powder particles, the radius of the powder particles, the ambient temperature, the output power of the laser and the radius of the laser beam.
Wherein the absorbed laser energy is:
Figure BDA0002296319490000021
powder heat dissipation:
Figure BDA0002296319490000022
/>
let Q in ＝Q-E
Figure BDA0002296319490000031
Figure BDA0002296319490000032
The maximum temperature required for powder melting is calculated from the energy balance:
Figure BDA0002296319490000033
wherein: t (T) a Is ambient temperature; alpha p The absorption coefficient of the powder to laser; c is the specific heat capacity; ρ is the powder density; v is the powder particle movement velocity; θ jet Is the included angle between the powder tube and the laser beam; r is (r) t Is the radius of the light source; r is (r) p The radius of the powder feeding pipe is; p is the laser power; epsilon is the total emission coefficient; sigma is the steven-boltzmann coefficient constant; l (L) p Is latent heat of fusion;
the iteration is carried out from the formula, and the temperature required by the melting of the powder particles under the irradiation of the light beam can be calculated;
(2) Connecting a heating system to preheat the powder to 0.2-0.7 times of the melting temperature;
(3) Focusing parallel light generated by a laser through a convex lens, and setting a cladding part on the surface of a workpiece as a focusing point of laser light speed;
(4) Blowing the preheated powder to the cladding portion of the workpiece surface to melt the powder together with the cladding portion of the workpiece surface.
Preferably, the powder particle velocity in step (4) ranges below sonic velocity, greater than 60m/s; the laser spot diameter was 10mm.
An apparatus for performing the electromagnetic induction heating-based laser rapid cladding process of claim 1, wherein: the laser light emitting system comprises a mounting cylinder 3 and a baffle 4, wherein the baffle 4 is connected below the mounting cylinder 3, a cooling device 2 is arranged in the mounting cylinder 3, and a central inner hole 1 penetrates through the mounting cylinder 3 and the baffle 4; the axis of the central inner hole 1 through which the parallel light beams 12 pass, and the light outlet 7 of the central inner hole 1 is aligned with the surface of the workpiece; the baffle 4 is provided with a powder conveying pipe 10, and the powder conveying pipe 10 is inclined to the axis of the central inner hole 1; the central inner hole 1 is provided with a convex lens 5 near the light outlet 7, the axial lead of the powder conveying pipe 10 and the axial lead of the central inner hole 1 are intersected at a focusing point of the convex lens 5, and the focusing point of the convex lens 5 is arranged on the surface of a workpiece; the powder conveying pipe 10 is provided with a resistance coil 9.
Preferably, a plurality of powder conveying pipes 10 are uniformly distributed on the baffle plate 4 along the circumferential direction.
The light outlet of the laser light-emitting system 1 is provided with the convex lens 5, the parallel light beams 12 generated by the light-emitting system 1 are focused, the light focused by the powder conveying pipe 10 and the convex lens 5 is converged at one point, and the powder 8 preheated by the heating device 11 is melted with the workpiece 6 through the laser action, so that good metallurgical bonding is formed.
The invention has the advantages that: the cladding layer with strong interfacial bonding force, high quality and low dilution rate can be prepared by low-power laser cladding.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention.
Specific implementation measures
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A laser rapid cladding process based on electromagnetic induction heating comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The temperature required by melting the powder particles is calculated according to the absorption coefficient of the powder to the laser, the specific heat of the powder particles, the radius of the powder particles, the ambient temperature, the output power of the laser and the radius of the laser beam.
Wherein the absorbed laser energy is:
Figure BDA0002296319490000051
powder heat dissipation:
Figure BDA0002296319490000052
let Q in ＝Q-E
Figure BDA0002296319490000053
Figure BDA0002296319490000054
The maximum temperature required for powder melting is calculated from the energy balance:
Figure BDA0002296319490000055
wherein: t (T) a Is ambient temperature; alpha p The absorption coefficient of the powder to laser; c is the specific heat capacity; ρ is the powder density; v is the powder particle movement velocity; θ jet Is the included angle between the powder tube and the laser beam; r is (r) t Is the radius of the light source; r is (r) p The radius of the powder feeding pipe is; p is the laser power; epsilon is the total emission coefficient; sigma is SiA thefin-boltzmann coefficient constant; l (L) p Is latent heat of fusion;
the iteration is carried out from the formula, and the temperature required by the melting of the powder particles under the irradiation of the light beam can be calculated;
(2) Connecting a heating system to preheat the powder to 0.2-0.7 times of the melting temperature;
(3) Focusing parallel light generated by a laser through a convex lens, and setting a cladding part on the surface of a workpiece as a focusing point of laser light speed;
(4) Blowing the preheated powder to the cladding portion of the workpiece surface to melt the powder together with the cladding portion of the workpiece surface.
The speed range of the powder particles in the step (4) is lower than the sonic speed and is more than 60m/s; the laser spot diameter was 10mm.
The device for implementing the laser rapid cladding process based on electromagnetic induction heating is characterized in that: the laser light emitting system comprises a mounting cylinder 3 and a baffle 4, wherein the baffle 4 is connected below the mounting cylinder 3, a cooling device 2 is arranged in the mounting cylinder 3, and a central inner hole 1 penetrates through the mounting cylinder 3 and the baffle 4; the axis of the central inner hole 1 through which the parallel light beams 12 pass, and the light outlet 7 of the central inner hole 1 is aligned with the surface of the workpiece; the baffle 4 is provided with a powder conveying pipe 10, and the powder conveying pipe 10 is inclined to the axis of the central inner hole 1; the central inner hole 1 is provided with a convex lens 5 near the light outlet 7, the axial lead of the powder conveying pipe 10 and the axial lead of the central inner hole 1 are intersected at a focusing point of the convex lens 5, and the focusing point of the convex lens 5 is arranged on the surface of a workpiece; the powder conveying pipe 10 is provided with a resistance coil 9.
A plurality of powder conveying pipes 10 are uniformly distributed on the baffle plate 4 along the circumferential direction. In actual use, the powder delivery tube 10 is connected to a high pressure gas source to blow powder in the direction of the powder delivery tube 10 to the cladding location of the workpiece 6.
The powder transport tube 10 is provided with a resistance coil 9, and a resistance coil heating device 11 is formed.
When the powder particles pass through the laser beam, part of laser energy is absorbed, so that the temperature of the powder particles is raised, and as the powder particles are small enough, the thermal conductivity of the particles is infinite, namely, the temperature of the powder particles is considered to be uniform, the light-facing surface and the light-reflecting surface of the powder particles are assumed to have no difference, the reflection and refraction of laser and the mutual heating among the particles are ignored, the convection heat exchange is carried out, the powder particles emit external radiation on the surfaces of the particles, and the reflection of a matrix is not absorbed.
The resistance coil surrounds the periphery of the powder conveying pipe, the powder is preheated to a certain temperature by heating the powder through the resistance coil, the powder is not melted, and then metallurgical bonding is formed between the powder and a substrate of a workpiece under the action of laser.
The convex lens is arranged in the laser light emitting system to focus parallel light generated by the laser on one point.
The powder conveying pipe is at a certain angle, and the center of powder convergence is overlapped with the focus of the laser light outlet.
Wherein the resistance coil surrounds the periphery of the powder conveying pipe, and the powder conveying pipe is made of high-temperature resistant materials.
The melting points of the powder and the matrix are calculated, the powder particles are heated by the resistance coil, and then the powder particles and the matrix of the workpiece are melted by laser heating, so that good metallurgical bonding is formed.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention and equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims (1)

1. The laser rapid cladding process based on electromagnetic induction heating comprises the following steps:
(1) Calculating to obtain the melting temperature of the powder particles according to the absorption coefficient of the powder to the laser, the specific heat of the powder particles, the radius of the powder particles, the ambient temperature, the output power of the laser and the radius of the laser beam;
wherein the absorbed laser energy is:
Figure FDA0004092455850000011
powder heat dissipation:
Figure FDA0004092455850000012
let Q in ＝Q-E
Figure FDA0004092455850000013
Figure FDA0004092455850000014
Calculating the powder melting temperature from the energy balance:
Figure FDA0004092455850000015
wherein: t (T) a Is ambient temperature; alpha p The absorption coefficient of the powder to laser; c is the specific heat capacity; ρ is the powder density; v is the powder particle movement velocity; θ jet Is the included angle between the powder tube and the laser beam; r is (r) t Is the radius of the light source; r is (r) p The radius of the powder feeding pipe is; p is the laser power; epsilon is the total emission coefficient; sigma is the steven-boltzmann coefficient constant; l (L) p Is latent heat of fusion;
the melting temperature of the powder particles under the irradiation of the light beam can be calculated by iteration from the formula;
(2) Preheating the powder to 0.2-0.7 times of the melting temperature of the powder by a heating system;
(3) Focusing parallel light generated by a laser through a convex lens, and setting a cladding part on the surface of a workpiece as a focusing point of laser light speed;
(4) And blowing the preheated powder to a cladding part of the surface of the workpiece, wherein the powder and the workpiece are melted together.
CN201911202984.0A 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating Active CN110747467B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911202984.0A CN110747467B (en) 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911202984.0A CN110747467B (en) 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110747467A CN110747467A (en) 2020-02-04
CN110747467B true CN110747467B (en) 2023-05-23

Family

ID=69285195

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911202984.0A Active CN110747467B (en) 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110747467B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112030159A (en) * 2020-09-25 2020-12-04 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 Ultra-high-speed laser cladding system and laser cladding method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758404A (en) * 1985-11-18 1988-07-19 Daido Metal Company, Ltd. Method of producing composite material for sliding member
WO2015132640A1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-11 Юрий Александрович ЧИВЕЛЬ Laser cladding method and device for implementing same
CN105154875A (en) * 2015-09-14 2015-12-16 温州大学 Laser-induction hybrid cladding processing equipment
CN110039263A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-23 西安中科光机投资控股有限公司 A kind of person of outstanding talent for ultrahigh speed laser cladding layer gram is capable of processing technique

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN211311592U (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-08-21 浙江工业大学 Laser rapid cladding device based on electromagnetic induction heating

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758404A (en) * 1985-11-18 1988-07-19 Daido Metal Company, Ltd. Method of producing composite material for sliding member
WO2015132640A1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-11 Юрий Александрович ЧИВЕЛЬ Laser cladding method and device for implementing same
CN105154875A (en) * 2015-09-14 2015-12-16 温州大学 Laser-induction hybrid cladding processing equipment
CN110039263A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-23 西安中科光机投资控股有限公司 A kind of person of outstanding talent for ultrahigh speed laser cladding layer gram is capable of processing technique

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨永强,宋永伦.送粉激光熔覆时激光与粉末的交互作用.中国激光.1998,(第03期),全文. *
陈君 ; 张群莉 ; 姚建华 ; 傅纪斌 ; .金属材料的激光吸收率研究.应用光学.2008,(第05期),全文. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110747467A (en) 2020-02-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11772193B2 (en) Annular hollow offset-focus laser cladding device
WO2018064864A1 (en) Laser broadband cladding device
CN109837497B (en) Center coaxial powder feeding type supersonic laser spraying method
Hara et al. Pure copper layer formation on pure copper substrate using multi-beam laser cladding system with blue diode lasers
CN109989060B (en) Coaxial powder feeding high-speed laser spraying device
CN215033627U (en) Annular hollow partial-focus laser cladding device
CN110747467B (en) Laser rapid cladding process and device based on electromagnetic induction heating
CN202021424U (en) Laser wire filling welding machine with non-stable cavity and coaxial wire feed
US20220371124A1 (en) Method for Realizing High-Speed Cladding of Hollow Offset-Focus Annular Laser
Sokolov et al. Improving laser beam welding efficiency
CA2338422A1 (en) Apparatus and method for producing an improved laser beam
WO2023061161A1 (en) Selective energy field auxiliary processing system
CN211311592U (en) Laser rapid cladding device based on electromagnetic induction heating
CN206584125U (en) Laser wide-band cladding device
CN114043091B (en) Laser additive manufacturing device for coaxially feeding silk powder
CN105772724B (en) A kind of method for improving laser metal 3D drip molding quality
CN213835540U (en) Self-adaptive preheating slow-cooling laser cladding head
CN1586786A (en) Aluminium alloy laser welding method by powder reinforced absorption
CN114231976B (en) Ultra-high speed annular laser cladding processing device with adjustable long focal depth
CN2707773Y (en) Bore type coaxial laser cladding nozzle
CN107574433A (en) Multiple laser prepares metal coating method
CN211112223U (en) Laser and electric co-heating thermal spraying device
CN212357393U (en) Laser cladding device
CN205967838U (en) Laser cutting laser head cooling device
CN115233141B (en) Novel laser spraying device and spraying method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant