CN110747142B - Natural ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing microorganism LQ3 and application thereof - Google Patents
Natural ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing microorganism LQ3 and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, in particular to a natural ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing microorganism LQ3 and application thereof. The invention provides a Paenibacillus sp (Paenibacillus sp.) LQ3 which is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 18073. The bacterium contains a structural gene nifH of azotase, can keep higher azotobacter activity and carry out high-efficiency biological azotobacter under the condition of high-concentration ammonium (50-300mM), breaks through the inhibiting effect of high-concentration ammonium on biological azotobacter, can be popularized and used in agricultural production, and effectively reduces the using amount of fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, in particular to a natural ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing microorganism LQ3 and application thereof.
Background
Nitrogen is a major element essential for plant growth. The earth's surface is rich in nitrogen, but most of it exists in the atmosphere in the form of inert nitrogen gas and cannot be utilized by organisms. In order to ensure the high yield of grain crops, vegetables and fruits, a large amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer is needed. However, the long-term excessive application of chemical nitrogen fertilizers can cause soil deterioration, environmental pollution and product quality reduction, and hinder the sustainable development of agricultural economy.
Biological nitrogen fixation refers to a process of reducing nitrogen in the air into ammonium by a few prokaryotic microorganisms under the action of in vivo nitrogen fixation enzymes. However, the biological nitrogen fixation efficiency is influenced by ammonium in the environment, and the high concentration of ammonium inhibits the nitrogen fixation effect. In other words, in poor soils, nitrogen fixing microorganisms can exert their nitrogen fixing effect sufficiently, whereas in fertile soils, nitrogen fixing microorganisms grow but not fix nitrogen. Generally, nitrogen-fixing microorganisms express nitrogenase in the presence of excess ammonium only if the ammonia assimilation mechanism is modified by chemical or genetic engineering. Almost all natural nitrogen-fixing bacteria can only fix nitrogen under low ammonium conditions. The nitrogen fixing activity of the currently reported nitrogen fixing microorganisms is low under the condition of high-concentration ammonium. The microorganism capable of efficiently fixing nitrogen under the condition of high-concentration ammonium is obtained, so that the nitrogen-fixing microorganism can fully play a nitrogen-fixing role in poor and fertile soil, and has important application value for reducing the using amount of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a natural ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing microorganism LQ3 and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing Paenibacillus (Paenibacillus sp.) LQ3, which is deposited in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC for short, the address is No. 3 of Beijing university Hokko No.1 of North Chen West Lu of the sunward area, China academy of sciences, postal code 100101) in 7-month and 4-month in 2019, is classified and named as Paenibacillus sp, and the deposition number is CGMCC No. 18073.
The bacterial colony of the ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing bacillus LQ3 provided by the invention on an LD solid culture medium is circular, the edge is smooth and slightly sticky, and the diameter is about 1.5-2.5 mm.
The ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing bacillus LQ3 provided by the invention contains a structural gene nifH, and the nucleotide sequence for coding the gene is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.
The 16S rDNA gene sequence of the ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing bacillus (Paenibacillus sp.) LQ3 is shown in SEQ ID No. 2.
The invention also provides a microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ 3.
In the invention, the microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ3 can be a liquid microbial inoculum or a solid microbial inoculum. The microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ3 can be prepared by adding auxiliary materials allowed in the field of microbial preparations by adopting a conventional technical means.
Experiments prove that the Paenibacillus LQ3 can tolerate 50-300mM high-concentration ammonium and NH in the environment4 +The concentration of the nitrogen-fixing agent reaches 50-300mM, and high nitrogen-fixing activity can be still maintained, so that high-efficiency biological nitrogen fixation can be performed.
The invention provides application of the paenibacillus LQ3 or a microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ3 in biological nitrogen fixation.
Preferably, the biological nitrogen fixation is biological nitrogen fixation under the condition of high ammonium concentration with ammonium ion concentration greater than 20 mM.
More preferably, the ammonium ion concentration of the high ammonium concentration condition is 30 to 450 mM.
More preferably, the ammonium ion concentration of the high ammonium concentration condition is 50 to 400 mM.
More preferably, the ammonium ion concentration of the high ammonium concentration condition is 50 to 300 mM.
Experiments prove that the paenibacillus LQ3 can effectively promote the growth of tissues such as roots, stems and the like of plants.
The invention provides application of the paenibacillus LQ3 or a microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ3 in promoting plant growth or improving plant yield.
Preferably, the plant growth is promoted by the elongation of roots or stems, or by the weight of the plant.
Preferably, the above application is the application of Paenibacillus LQ3 to the plant.
The invention provides application of the paenibacillus LQ3 or a microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ3 in preparation of fertilizers.
The invention provides application of the paenibacillus LQ3 or a microbial inoculum containing the paenibacillus LQ3 in breeding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
The application in breeding the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms can be breeding the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms by utilizing the paenibacillus LQ3 through breeding methods such as mutagenesis, genetic engineering transformation and the like.
The present invention also provides a method for promoting plant growth or increasing plant yield, comprising: promoting plant growth or increasing plant yield by applying the paenibacillus LQ3 or a microbial inoculum comprising the paenibacillus LQ3 to the plant.
Preferably, the paenibacillus LQ3 is applied by soaking seeds with a suspension of the paenibacillus LQ3 or irrigating the plant with a suspension of the paenibacillus LQ 3; or applying a fertilizer to the plant in combination with a bacterial suspension of paenibacillus LQ 3.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a natural ammonium-resistant paenibacillus azotobacteria LQ3, which can keep higher azotobacter activity under the condition of high-concentration ammonium and carry out high-efficiency biological azotobacter (the azotobacter activity of the strain under the ammonium-free condition is 4250.98nmol C)2H4Permg protein h, nitrogenase activity in 100mM ammonium enrichment of 1363.81nmol C2H4Permg protein h, while the prior art natural nitrogen-fixing bacteria can only be generally 0-5 mM NH4 +Has azotobacter activity in the range), breaks the inhibiting effect of high ammonium condition on biological nitrogen fixation, ensures that the azotobacter can fully play the nitrogen fixation effect in poor and fertile soil, and has wide application prospect in agricultural production.
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FIG. 1 shows the colony morphology of Paenibacillus LQ3 on nitrogen-free plates in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an electrophoretogram of the amplification product of nifH gene and 16S rDNA of Paenibacillus LQ3 in example 1 of the present invention, wherein M: ladder; 1: a nifH band of a structural gene of the azotobacter obtained by PCR amplification; 2, PCR amplification to obtain 16S rDNA band.
FIG. 3 shows the nitrogenase activity of Paenibacillus LQ3 in example 2 of the present invention under different ammonium concentration conditions.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 isolation, culture and characterization of Paenibacillus LQ3
1. Paenibacillus LQ3 isolation:
paenibacillus LQ3 was isolated from a rhizosphere soil sample of a grape tree in double pond village in Changzhou district of Xuan city, Anhui province.
2. Cultivation of Paenibacillus LQ3
Preparation of a culture medium: nitrogen-free liquid medium (1L): 20g of sucrose; 12.06g K2HPO4；3.4g KH2PO4；0.2g MgSO4·7H2O；0.01g NaCl；0.01g FeCl3；0.002g NaMoO4·2H2O；H2And O is metered to 1L. Sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 20 min. The solid medium was prepared by adding 1.5g of agar per 100ml of liquid medium.
Paenibacillus LQ3 was inoculated into a solid or liquid medium and cultured in an incubator at 30 ℃ for 2 days. The colony morphology of Paenibacillus LQ3 is shown in FIG. 1.
3. Identification of Paenibacillus LQ3
(1) Extraction of total DNA of bacteria: genomic DNA was extracted from a pure culture of the strain Paenibacillus LQ3 using a bacterial genome extraction kit (Tiangen corporation) and was performed according to the kit instructions.
(2) Identification of strains
Taking the bacterial genome DNA extracted in the step (1) as a template, and taking nifH F: GGCTGCGATCCVAAGGCCGAYTCVACCCG and nifH R: CTGVGCCTTGTTYTCGCGGATSGGCATGGC is a primer (wherein V represents A, G, C; Y represents C, T; and S represents G, C), the structural gene nifH of the azotobacter is amplified by PCR, and a band with the size of about 290bp is obtained. The band was recovered and purified, and then sent to a company for sequencing. The nucleotide sequence of the gene nifH is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The results of the on-line BLAST alignment of the sequencing results in the GenBank database showed 97% homology to the Paenibacillus sonchi X19-5.
Taking the bacterial genome DNA extracted in the step (1) as a template, and designing a primer 16S F by using a 16S rDNA sequence of a model strain escherichia coli of prokaryotes: AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAGAACGAACGCT and 16SR: TACGGCTACCTTGTTACGACTTCACCC, PCR amplified the 16S rDNA sequence. As a result, a band of about 1.45kb was obtained, and this band was recovered, purified, and subjected to sequencing. The 16S rDNA sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.2, and the sequencing result is subjected to online BLAST comparison, so that the strain belongs to Paenibacillus (Paenibacillus).
The amplification system of the PCR is as follows: 10 × PCR buffer: 5 μ L, dNTP: 1.25 μ L, forward primer: 1.25 μ L, reverse primer: 1.25. mu.L, template DNA: 5 μ L, Taq DNA polymerase: 0.75. mu.L.
The amplification conditions for the above PCR were as follows:
amplification of nifH gene:
amplification of 16S rDNA:
the result of the electrophoresis detection of the PCR amplification product of the structural gene nifH of the azotobacter and the 16S rDNA is shown in figure 2.
Paenibacillus (Paenibacillus sp.) LQ3, which is deposited in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC for short, the address: No. 3 of Beijing university Hokko-Yang district North Chenxi Lu No.1, Microbiol research institute of China academy of sciences, zip code 100101) in 7.7.4.2019, is classified and named as Paenibacillus sp, and the deposition number is CGMCC No. 18073.
Example 2 determination of the Nitrogen-fixing enzyme Activity of Paenibacillus LQ3 under different conditions
1. Determination of nitrogenase Activity
The Paenibacillus LQ3 is inoculated into 5mL of LD culture medium, cultured overnight at 30 ℃, and transferred to 500mL of triangle according to the inoculation amount of 1 percentCulturing at 30 deg.C for 8 hr, collecting thallus, and adding appropriate amount of culture medium with different ammonium concentrations (basic culture medium for measuring enzyme activity and adding NH with different concentrations)4Cl) suspension of the cells, adjustment of OD600To 0.4. Inoculating 4mL of bacterial liquid into an anaerobic culture tube, pumping out air by using an air extractor, introducing argon, injecting 10% acetylene into the anaerobic tube, culturing at 30 ℃, and injecting 100 mu L of gas into a gas chromatograph every 2 hours to measure the ethylene content.
The minimal medium (1L) for measuring the enzyme activity is as follows: 26.3g Na2HPO4·12H2O；3.4g KH2PO4(ii) a 10 μ g biotin; 26mg of CaCl2·2H2O；30mg MgSO4；0.33mg MnSO4·H2O; 36mg ferric citrate; 7.6mg Na2MoO4·2H2O; 10 μ g of p-aminobenzoic acid; 0.3g glutamic acid; 4g glucose. Sterilizing glutamic acid and glucose at 115 deg.C for 30min, adding into the mixture, and sterilizing other reagents at 121 deg.C for 20 min.
2. Method for determining protein content (Bradford,1976)
(1) Preparation of solutions
Bradford stock: 100mL of 95% ethanol, 200mL of 88% phosphoric acid, 350mg of Coomassie Brilliant blue G250;
bradford working solution: 425mL of double distilled water, 15mL of 95% ethanol, 30mL of 88% phosphoric acid, 30mL of Bradford stock; filter paper, store in brown bottle, and stand at room temperature. Can be stored for several weeks, but is filtered before use.
(2) Preparation of Standard Curve
1mL of Bradford working solution was put in a test tube, and 8. mu.L of 0.1mg/mL, 0.2mg/mL, 0.4mg/mL, 0.6mg/mL, 0.8mg/mL, and 1.0mg/mL BSA solutions were added, mixed well, left to stand for 3 to 5min, and developed into blue. Determination of OD595The value is obtained. As a control, 1mL of Bradford working solution to which 8. mu.L of water was added was used. By OD595Values are plotted on the ordinate and BSA solution concentration is plotted on the abscissa. The standard curve equation y is obtained as 0.6.5853x-0.1067, R2＝0.9986。
(3) Protein content detection
Centrifuging to collect thallus, adding 200 μ L0.5M NaOH, and decoctingBoiling for 5min, adding 200 μ L of 0.5M HCl, mixing, centrifuging, collecting supernatant 8 μ L, adding into 1mL Bradford working solution, mixing, standing for 5min, and developing. Determination of OD595The value is obtained. Will OD595Values were taken into the standard curve equation and protein concentrations were calculated.
3. Calibration of 1nmol ethylene
(1) Preparing 2 120mL serum bottles marked as 1# and 2# bottles;
(2) filling a serum bottle with water, plugging the serum bottle with a rubber plug inserted with a needle head to prevent bubbles from generating, taking down the rubber plug, pouring out 100mL of water (measured by a volumetric flask), and replacing with a new rubber plug, wherein the volume of air in the bottle is 100 mL;
(3) 2.24mL (2.24 mL in the standard case, and the injection amount is calculated according to the formula: PV ═ nRT in the non-standard case) of ethylene was injected into the 1# bottle, 1mL of gas was taken out from the 1# bottle and injected into the 2# bottle, 100. mu.L of gas was taken out from the 2# bottle and introduced into a gas chromatograph (model HP6890), and the peak area indicated was the amount of 1nmol of ethylene, from which it was possible to calculate how much nmol of ethylene was represented per unit peak area on the recording sheet.
(4) The calculation formula of the azotase activity is as follows:
the detection results of the azotobacter activity of the paenibacillus LQ3 strain under different ammonium concentration conditions are shown in figure 3, and the LQ3 strain has the highest azotobacter activity under the ammonium-free (0mM) condition, and the azotobacter activity is 4250.98nmol C2H4/mg protein h; almost no azotase activity can be detected under the condition of 5-20mM ammonium concentration; but the nitrogen-fixing enzyme activity is recovered with the continuous increase of the ammonium concentration, and higher nitrogen-fixing activity occurs under the condition of 100mM ammonium ion concentration, and the nitrogen-fixing enzyme activity is 1363.81nmol C2H4/mg protein h; and can still maintain higher nitrogen fixation activity under the condition of 200mM ammonium ion concentration, and the nitrogen fixation activity of the nitrogen fixation enzyme is 775.03nmol C2H4/mg protein h; the azotase activity under the condition of 300mM ammonium ion concentration is 401.39nmol C2H4/mg protein h。
Example 3 growth-promoting Effect of Paenibacillus azotobacteri LQ3 Strain on cucumber
Centrifugally collecting thalli from a bacterial liquid cultured in a minimal medium for measuring enzyme activity, and then suspending by using deionized water to adjust the cell density OD600The bacterial suspension is obtained when the concentration is 1.0. The germinated plant seeds are soaked in the bacterial suspension for 30min and then transplanted into a small pot (sterile nutrient soil: vermiculite: 1). After the plants had grown for 2 weeks, 15mL of each suspension was poured onto each plant. After 4 weeks of plant growth, plants were harvested, the soil at the roots of the plants was washed with running water, and the length and dry weight of the roots and stems of the plants were measured, and the deionized water-treated group was used as a control group, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 growth promoting effect of Paenibacillus LQ3 on cucumber
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the root length and stem length of the cucumber treated with the paenibacillus LQ3 bacterial suspension are respectively increased by 28.21% and 26.04% compared with the control group, and the dry weight of the root and stem are also respectively increased by 47.06% and 73.68% compared with the control group. Therefore, the paenibacillus LQ3 not only promotes the elongation of cucumber stems and roots, but also obviously increases the dry weight of plants, and can be applied to production as a biological nitrogen fixation fertilizer with the effect of promoting plant growth.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Sequence listing
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Claims (10)
1. An ammonium-resistant nitrogen-fixing bacillus (Paenibacillus sp.) LQ3 strain is characterized in that the strain is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 18073.
2. A microbial agent comprising the Paenibacillus LQ3 of claim 1.
3. The use of paenibacillus LQ3 as claimed in claim 1 or the microbial inoculum as claimed in claim 2 in biological nitrogen fixation.
4. The use according to claim 3, wherein the biological nitrogen fixation is biological nitrogen fixation at high ammonium concentrations greater than 20mM ammonium ion concentration.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the ammonium ion concentration of the high ammonium concentration condition is 30 to 450 mM.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the high ammonium concentration condition has an ammonium ion concentration of 50 to 400 mM.
7. Use of the paenibacillus LQ3 as claimed in claim 1 or the microbial inoculum as claimed in claim 2 for promoting plant growth or increasing plant yield.
8. Use of the paenibacillus LQ3 as defined in claim 1 or the microbial inoculum as defined in claim 2 in the preparation of fertilizers.
9. Use of the paenibacillus LQ3 as claimed in claim 1 or the microbial inoculum as claimed in claim 2 for breeding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
10. A method for promoting plant growth or improving plant yield, characterized by applying the paenibacillus LQ3 of claim 1 or the microbial agent of claim 2 to the plant.
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| CN102352331A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-02-15 | 中国农业大学 | Nitrogen-fixing Paenibacillus sp. 1-33 and application thereof |
| CN108048384A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-18 | 中国农业大学 | The nitrogen-fixing microorganism of resistance to ammonium and its construction method of a kind of glnA gene delections and application |
| CN109112087A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-01 | 甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | One plant of soil series bacillus YC16-08 and its application |
| CN109439587A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | One plant of ocean fixed nitrogen series bacillus and its application |
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