CN110741816B

CN110741816B - Huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve device and harvester

Info

Publication number: CN110741816B
Application number: CN201910941990.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐忠; 张奔; 王美琳; 任辉; 李耀明
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2019-09-30
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-30
Also published as: CN110741816A

Abstract

The invention provides a huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve device and a harvester, comprising a centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve; the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen comprises a main shaft, blades, a spiral guide plate, a centrifugal cylinder body, a funnel screen and an outer shell; when the huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel screen works, a threshing mixture threshed and separated by the threshing device falls into the centrifugal cylinder body from the funnel, under the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal cylinder body, grains are separated from the pores of the centrifugal cylinder body through the centrifugal action, other impurities are left in the centrifugal cylinder body, enter an impurity discharge pipeline along with the spiral guide plate, and then are discharged into a farmland. Clean seed grains are pushed to a grain storage box by a grain conveying auger. The invention is well adapted to the characteristics of thick stalks and more leaves in the giant rice threshing mixture, can clean the giant rice threshing mixture, simultaneously replaces a wind screen type cleaning device, reduces the vibration of the whole machine and provides a good working environment for drivers.

Description

Huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve device and harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of harvester research, and particularly relates to a huge rice centrifugal cleaning hopper screen device and a harvester.

Background

The newly cultivated high-yield and high-quality giant rice variety has great biological characteristic difference with common rice, the domestic existing rice combine harvester can basically meet the quality requirement of the harvesting operation of the common hybrid rice, but the newly cultivated high-yield and high-quality rice variety puts higher requirements on the adaptability requirement of the combine harvester. The cleaning device is used as a 'digestion system' of the combine harvester, the performance of the cleaning device directly influences the working performance and efficiency of the whole combine harvester, and the cleaning device has the function of cleaning impurities such as glumes, broken ears, short stalks and the like in the mixture separated by threshing of the threshing device out of the combine harvester to obtain clean grains. At present, cleaning devices of combine harvesters are divided into two types of airflow type and air screen type, the number of the air screen type is more, and the air screen type cleaning devices adopt a combination of a vibrating screen and a fan. Because the huge rice threshed product has more leaves and thicker stalks, the high cleaning rate is difficult to achieve by the existing air screen type cleaning device. Therefore, it is necessary to design and research a cleaning device suitable for cleaning the mixture removed from the giant rice to solve the problems.

The Chinese patent CN203313713U discloses a cleaning device of a grain combine harvester, which improves an air outlet and an air separation chamber, so that the air speed and the air volume in the air separation chamber are ideally distributed, the grain cleaning loss rate is greatly reduced, and the cleaning loss rate is far lower than the national standard; chinese patent CN105660036B discloses a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow combine harvester, which improves a fan device, increases an air guide arc plate, a guide groove, a return screen plate and the like, and improves the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning device and the operation performance of the whole machine; chinese patent CN206993774U invented a cleaning device for a three-duct combine harvester, which has three air ducts at the air outlet of a fan by arranging a first air deflector and a second air deflector, so as to realize the effective separation of materials and impurities. The above patents improve the fan device of the air-screen type cleaning device to adapt to a new machine type or improve the cleaning efficiency, but the improvement is not enough to meet the requirement in the face of cleaning a novel giant rice separation mixture.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve device, which separates a huge rice removed mixture discharged into a centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve into clean grains and a mixture of impurities by utilizing a centrifugal principle, thereby solving the problem that the huge rice removed mixture with thick stalks and more blades is difficult to clean and improving the cleaning rate of huge rice.

The invention also provides a harvester with the huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel screen, when the huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel screen works, a threshing mixture threshed and separated by a threshing device falls into the barrel body of the centrifugal cylinder from the funnel, under the high-speed rotation of the barrel body of the centrifugal cylinder, grains are separated from the pores of the barrel body of the centrifugal cylinder through the centrifugal action, and other impurities are remained in the barrel body of the centrifugal cylinder, enter an impurity discharge pipeline along with the spiral guide plate and then are discharged into a farmland. Clean seed grains are pushed to a grain storage box by a grain conveying auger. The invention is well adapted to the characteristics of thick stalks and more leaves in the giant rice threshing mixture, can clean the giant rice threshing mixture, simultaneously replaces a wind screen type cleaning device, reduces the vibration of the whole machine and provides a good working environment for drivers.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve device for giant rice comprises a centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve;

the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen comprises a main shaft, blades, a spiral guide plate, a centrifugal cylinder body, a funnel screen and an outer shell; the main shaft penetrates through an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom of the centrifugal cylinder body, a spiral guide plate is arranged on the part of the main shaft in the centrifugal cylinder body, and the edge of the spiral guide plate is connected with the cylinder wall of the centrifugal cylinder body; the wall of the centrifugal cylinder body is provided with a plurality of through holes; the centrifugal cylinder body and the funnel screen are both arranged in the outer shell, the funnel screen is positioned between the centrifugal cylinder body and the outer shell, and the centrifugal cylinder body, the funnel screen and the outer shell are all in inverted truncated cone shapes and are coaxial; a trash discharge channel is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder body and the funnel screen, and a seed discharge channel is arranged between the funnel screen and the outer shell;

the blade ring is arranged on the peripheral outer edge of the top of the centrifugal cylinder body and is positioned above the impurity discharge channel.

In the scheme, the device further comprises a funnel; the funnel is installed in centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve top, and the funnel is coaxial with centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve.

Furthermore, the upper end of the main shaft is provided with a driving gear, and the driving gear is used for being connected with an engine through a chain driving device.

Further, the funnel divide into two-layerly, and the upper strata is the quadrangular frustum of a prism shape, and the lower floor is cylindrical and middle U-shaped passageway that has, the U-shaped passageway is used for chain drive's operation passageway.

In the scheme, the device also comprises a plurality of reinforcing ribs; the reinforcing ribs are respectively arranged at the top inlet and the bottom outlet of the centrifugal cylinder body.

In the scheme, the device also comprises a residue discharge pipeline; and the impurity discharging pipeline is connected with an outlet at the bottom of the funnel screen.

In the scheme, the blades are obliquely arranged on the outer edge of the circumference of the top of the centrifugal cylinder body, and the inclination angle is 30-45 degrees.

A harvester, which comprises the giant rice centrifugal cleaning funnel and sieve device.

In the scheme, the device comprises at least two vertical centrifugal cleaning funnel sieves which are arranged in parallel; a funnel is arranged above each centrifugal cleaning funnel screen; the funnel is arranged below the threshing device of the harvester.

In the above scheme, a grain conveying auger is arranged below the centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve device provided by the invention utilizes the centrifugal principle, realizes the separation of clean grains and impurities through the centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve rotating at a high speed, can realize the stripping of impurities with larger weight compared with an air-sieve type cleaning device, perfectly adapts to the characteristics of more leaves and thick stalks in a mixture separated from giant rice, solves the cleaning problem of the mixture separated from giant rice, and improves the cleaning rate. The invention adopts a double-cylinder centrifugal screening structure combining a centrifugal cylinder body and a funnel screen to replace the combination of a traditional vibrating screen and a fan, and has simpler structure and lower manufacturing cost. Compared with the combination of the most conventional vibrating screen and the fan at present, the double-drum centrifugal screening structure greatly reduces the vibration of the machine body, prolongs the service life of the combine harvester, and improves the body feeling of drivers. Compared with a common rotary driving mode, the rotary drum is driven by chain transmission, and the rotary drum is more stable in rotation.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal cleaning hopper and screen apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a centrifuge bowl barrel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a centrifuge bowl body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view of a centrifuge bowl barrel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spiral guide plate structure according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a funnel screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a funnel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a top view of a funnel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a harvester with the centrifugal cleaning hopper and screen device according to an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure, 1, a funnel, 2, a centrifugal cleaning funnel screen, 201, a main shaft, 202, blades, 203, a driving gear, 204, a spiral guide plate, 205, a centrifugal cylinder body, 206, a funnel screen, 207, an outer shell, 208, reinforcing ribs, 209 and a residue discharge channel are arranged; 210. a kernel discharge channel; 3. and 4, a residue discharge pipeline, and a grain conveying screw conveyor.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example 1

Fig. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel and sieve device of the present invention, which comprises a centrifugal cleaning funnel and sieve 2. The centrifugal cleaning and sorting hopper screen 2 comprises a main shaft 201, blades 202, a spiral guide plate 204, a centrifugal cylinder body 205, a hopper screen 206 and an outer shell 207; the main shaft 201 penetrates through the inlet at the top and the outlet at the bottom of the centrifuge cylinder 205, a spiral guide plate 204 is arranged on the part of the main shaft 201 in the centrifuge cylinder 205, as shown in fig. 5, the spiral guide plate 204 is in a shape with a wide top and a narrow bottom, and extends from the inlet at the top to the outlet at the bottom of the centrifuge cylinder 205; the edge of the spiral guide plate 204 is connected with the wall of a centrifugal cylinder body 205; the wall of the centrifugal cylinder 205 is provided with a plurality of through holes, as shown in fig. 2; the centrifugal cylinder 205 and the funnel screen 206 are both installed in the outer shell 207, the funnel screen 206 is located between the centrifugal cylinder 205 and the outer shell 207, and the centrifugal cylinder 205, the funnel screen 206 and the outer shell 207 are all inverted circular truncated cone-shaped and coaxial; an impurity discharge channel 209 is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder body 205 and the funnel sieve 206, and a seed discharge channel 210 is arranged between the funnel sieve 206 and the outer shell 207.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the vanes 202 are disposed around the top circumferential edge of the centrifuge bowl 205 and above the trash discharge channel 209. The blades 202 are installed in an inclined mode, the inclined angle is 30-45 degrees, and preferably, the number of the blades 202 can be 16-20.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that a plurality of reinforcing ribs 208 are further included; the reinforcing ribs 208 are respectively installed on the top inlet end face and the bottom outlet end face of the centrifugal cylinder body 205. Preferably, four reinforcing ribs 208 are respectively installed on the top inlet end surface and the bottom outlet end surface of the centrifuge cylinder body 205. The area of the inlet end surface of the top of the centrifuge cylinder 205 is slightly larger than the area of the outlet of the funnel 1, the centrifuge cylinder 205 is uniformly and densely distributed with through holes, the size of the through holes is larger than that of the crop seeds, preferably, the rotation speed of the centrifuge cylinder 205 can be 800-.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable to further include a funnel 1; funnel 1 is installed in 2 tops of centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve, and funnel 1 is coaxial with centrifugal cleaning funnel sieve 2. Preferably, the hopper 1 is divided into two layers, the upper layer is in a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the lower layer is cylindrical, a U-shaped channel is arranged in the middle of the lower layer, and the U-shaped channel is used for a running channel of the chain driving device.

As shown in fig. 1, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the spindle 201 is located at the center of the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen 2, and penetrates through the centrifugal cylinder 205 in the vertical direction to drive the centrifugal cylinder 205 to rotate; the driving gear 203 is mounted on the upper end of the main shaft 201, and the driving gear 203 is used for being connected with an engine through a chain driving device.

According to the present embodiment, preferably, the funnel screen 206 is enclosed outside the centrifuge cylinder 205, the size of the pore of the funnel screen 206 is equivalent to the size of the crop kernel, but smaller than the through hole of the centrifuge cylinder 205, the funnel screen 206 is connected with the outer wall 207, and a kernel discharge channel 210 is provided between the funnel screen 206 and the outer shell 207.

According to this embodiment, the outer housing 207 is preferably made of rubber to prevent the kernels from breaking by hitting the outer housing 207, and the outer housing 207 is located below the threshing device and is used to connect to the harvester body.

As shown in fig. 1, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable to further include a miscellaneous discharge pipe 3; the waste discharge pipe 3 is connected to the bottom outlet of the hopper screen 206.

The invention separates the huge rice removed mixture discharged into the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen into clean grains and a mixture of impurities by utilizing the centrifugal principle, thereby solving the problem that the huge rice removed mixture with thick stalks and more blades is difficult to clean and improving the cleaning rate of the huge rice.

Example 2

FIG. 9 shows a preferred embodiment of the harvester of the present invention, which includes the centrifugal cleaning hopper-screen device for the giant rice as described in example 1, and thus has the advantages of example 1, and will not be described herein again.

The harvester comprises at least two vertical centrifugal cleaning funnel sieves 2 which are arranged in parallel; a funnel 1 is arranged above each centrifugal cleaning funnel screen 2; the funnel 1 is arranged below a threshing device of the harvester and covers the falling range of the separated mixture. The impurity discharging pipeline 3 is connected with the bottom of the funnel sieve 206, and the impurity discharging pipeline 3 is L-shaped and is used for extending to the side of the whole machine to discharge the impurities.

A grain conveying auger 4 is arranged below the centrifugal cleaning and sorting funnel screen 2, collects grains falling from the grain discharge channel 210 and conveys the grains to a grain tank.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

the huge rice separated by the threshing device is threshed to form a mixture, the mixture comprises grains, glumes, broken ears, short stalks, blades and the like, the grains fall into the centrifugal cylinder body 205 from the hopper 1, the chain driving device drives the driving gear 203 to drive the centrifugal cylinder body 205 to rotate, the grains are centrifuged to enter the outer shell 207 from the pores of the centrifugal cylinder body 205 under the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal cylinder body 205, and other impurities are remained in the centrifugal cylinder body 205 due to the size of the pores, enter the impurity discharge pipeline 3 along with the spiral guide plate 204 and then are discharged into a farmland. Considering that the centrifugal mixture which is centrifuged still contains partial impurities, a layer of the funnel screen 206 is arranged in the middle of the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen 2 for secondary filtration to reduce the impurity rate of grains, and the filtered impurities are blown into the impurity discharge channel 209 by the airflow generated by the blades 202 above the impurity discharge channel 209 between the centrifugal cylinder body 205 and the funnel screen 206 and are discharged from the impurity discharge pipeline 3. Clean kernels fall from a kernel discharge channel 210 between the hopper screen 206 and the outer housing 207 into the grain conveying auger 4 and are pushed by the grain conveying auger 4 to the grain storage bin.

It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve device is characterized by comprising a centrifugal cleaning funnel-sieve (2);

the centrifugal cleaning and sorting funnel screen (2) comprises a main shaft (201), blades (202), a spiral guide plate (204), a centrifugal cylinder body (205), a funnel screen (206) and an outer shell (207); the main shaft (201) penetrates through an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom of the centrifugal cylinder body (205), a spiral guide plate (204) is arranged on the part of the main shaft (201) positioned in the centrifugal cylinder body (205), and the edge of the spiral guide plate (204) is connected with the cylinder wall of the centrifugal cylinder body (205); the wall of the centrifugal cylinder body (205) is provided with a plurality of through holes; the centrifugal cylinder body (205) and the funnel screen (206) are both arranged in the outer shell (207), the funnel screen (206) is positioned between the centrifugal cylinder body (205) and the outer shell (207), and the centrifugal cylinder body (205), the funnel screen (206) and the outer shell (207) are all inverted truncated cone-shaped and coaxial; a trash discharge channel (209) is arranged between the centrifugal cylinder body (205) and the funnel sieve (206), and a seed discharge channel (210) is arranged between the funnel sieve (206) and the outer shell (207);

the blades (202) are annularly distributed on the peripheral outer edge of the top of the centrifugal cylinder body (205) and are positioned above the impurity discharge channel (209);

also comprises a funnel (1); the funnel (1) is arranged above the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen (2), and the funnel (1) and the centrifugal cleaning funnel screen (2) are coaxial;

also comprises a miscellaneous discharge pipeline (3); the residue discharge pipeline (3) is connected with the bottom outlet of the funnel sieve (206).

2. A huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel and screen apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the main shaft (201) is provided with a driving gear (203), and the driving gear (203) is used for being connected with a motor through a chain driving device.

3. A huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel and screen apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said funnel (1) is divided into two layers, the upper layer is quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped, the lower layer is cylindrical and has a U-shaped channel in the middle, said U-shaped channel is used for the running channel of said chain driving means.

4. The giant rice centrifugal cleaning funnel and screen device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of reinforcing ribs (208); the reinforcing ribs (208) are respectively arranged at the top inlet and the bottom outlet of the centrifugal cylinder body (205).

5. The huge rice centrifugal cleaning funnel and screen device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades (202) are installed at the periphery of the top circumference of the centrifugal cylinder body (205) in an inclined angle of 30-45 degrees.

6. A harvester, characterized in that, it comprises the giant rice centrifugal cleaning hopper and screen device of any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises at least two vertical side-by-side centrifugal cleaning hopper sieves (2); a funnel (1) is arranged above each centrifugal cleaning funnel screen (2); the funnel (1) is arranged below the threshing device of the harvester.

8. A harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that a grain conveying auger (4) is arranged below the centrifugal cleaning hopper screen (2).