CN110741806A

CN110741806A - Rotary track type mulberry leaf picking machine

Info

Publication number: CN110741806A
Application number: CN201911164512.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李仁锁; 王瑞; 吴亮宏; 罗邵龙
Original assignee: Guilin University of Aerospace Technology
Current assignee: Guilin University of Aerospace Technology
Priority date: 2019-11-25
Filing date: 2019-11-25
Publication date: 2020-02-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary rail type mulberry leaf picking machine, which comprises a picking vehicle main body and is characterized in that: the device also comprises an inclined S-shaped spiral curve guide rail mechanism, a gathering guide mechanism, a holding and righting belt pulley mechanism and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the inclined S-shaped spiral curve guide rail mechanism is connected with the gathering guide mechanism; the bottom and the side surfaces are connected with the picking vehicle main body, and the lower end of the cutting track is connected with the mulberry leaf collecting box body; the furling guide mechanism is connected with the S-shaped spiral track groove in a hollow way; the holding and righting belt wheel mechanism is arranged above the S-shaped spiral track groove; and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the picking vehicle body through a sliding block. The inclined S-shaped spiral curve guide rail has the advantages that two functions of the blade and the guide are combined, and the structure is simple; the top holding righting belt pulley mechanism and the bottom injury-proof guide pulley block protect the mulberry from being injured by a large external force during picking; when picking, a plurality of plants in a row are picked continuously at the same time, and the continuous walking continuous picking almost without large bending is realized.

Description

Rotary track type mulberry leaf picking machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a rotary rail type mulberry leaf picking machine capable of automatically picking mulberry leaves.

Background

With the popularization of western development in China, the agriculture is also developed to a certain extent, Guangxi has great investment in agriculture according to natural geographical conditions, the sericulture industry becomes an indispensable agricultural project in Guangxi, most of sericulture industry is still carried out in a small-scale individual production mode, the mulberry leaf picking is carried out in a manual mode, and the silkworm breeding mode is also the traditional method. Along with the development of science and technology, constantly be close to the intellectuality, traditional picking mode also is eliminated gradually, and the replacement is the mechanized device of picking that efficiency is higher. At present, machines for picking mulberry leaves comprise a mulberry leaf cutting machine and a mulberry leaf storage machine, a special silkworm breeding machine is also provided for a silkworm breeding mode, and when mechanization of silkworm breeding is realized, manual mulberry leaf picking cannot meet the requirements of people, so that the research and development requirements of a professional mulberry leaf picking machine which does not harm branches and mulberry trees are more urgent.

Therefore, Chinese patent CN103650770A discloses a mulberry leaf picking device of a rocker-type driving automatic mulberry leaf picking machine, which comprises hook-shaped guide rails, guide rail sliders, a U-shaped block, guide wheels and a cutter bar shaft, wherein the hook-shaped guide rails, the guide rail sliders, the U-shaped block, the guide wheels and the cutter bar shaft are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the guide rail sliders are embedded in the hook-shaped guide rails, the U-shaped block and the guide wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the hook-shaped guide rails, the U-shaped block and the guide wheels are connected through guide wheel pin shafts, the cutter bar shaft is magnetically arranged in the guide rail sliders, and a. The structure adopts the hook-shaped guide rail and the U-shaped block, one mulberry leaf is picked one strain at a time, the efficiency is low, the bending deformation of the mulberry leaves is large, and the mulberry trees are easily damaged by picking the leaves by adopting the cutter bar and the blade.

Chinese patent CN208821231U discloses a device is picked to shear type mulberry leaf, the device is including cuting the sword assembly, it includes vertical blade to cut the sword assembly, the rotating blade, the slide bar, the slider, the axis of rotation, the connecting rod, vertical blade passes through the slider and installs on the slide bar, one of the transmission shaft serves and is equipped with the crank, the crank is articulated with connecting rod one end activity, the other end and the slider activity of connecting rod are articulated, the slide bar lower part is located to the axis of rotation, be located the below of the final stroke of slider downstream, the axis of rotation passes through transmission and links to each other with power transmission mechanism, make it rotate under transmission drives, the rotating blade is installed in the axis of rotation, be located vertical blade under. The structure adopts a rotating shaft to drive a rotating blade, a connecting rod, a sliding rod and a sliding block drive a vertical blade, the connecting rod and a crank are linked, and mulberry leaves are picked one strain at a time, so that the efficiency is low; the mulberry leaves are picked by adopting the rotary blades and the vertical blades, the mulberry trees are easy to be damaged, the number of mechanisms is large, and the use and the maintenance are inconvenient.

Chinese patent CN2922429Y discloses a mechanical mulberry leaf picking machine, which comprises a bottom plate, a slide bar, picking platforms, picking devices, springs, lifting cables, a lifter, a movable ejector rod, a V-shaped mulberry inlet, a mulberry inlet groove and a traveling device, wherein during operation, the shape of a power supply connected with each motor is opened, the lifter drives the movable ejector rod to do circular arc motion and sequentially push forward and backward two groups of lifting cables in a circular shape according to the circular arc motion, the forward and backward two groups of picking platforms respectively do lifting motion under the combined action of the lifting cables and the springs, the lifting motion ensures that the picking devices pick mulberry leaves from roots to tips of mulberry branches in the mulberry grooves, the picked mulberry leaves fall down on the bottom plate, bags can be collected manually, and the traveling device at the bottom ensures that the mechanical traveling and the mulberry leaves are continuously fed from the V-shaped mulberry inlet and the mulberry inlet groove. The structure comprises a bottom plate, a sliding rod, a picking table, a picking device, a spring, a lifting rope, a lifter, a movable ejector rod, a V-shaped mulberry leaf inlet, a mulberry leaf inlet groove and a walking device, the action of picking mulberry leaves manually by one strain is well simulated, the efficiency is low, and the structure is complex and is not convenient for automation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up the defects of the current mulberry leaf picking mode and picking mechanism, the invention provides a rotary rail type mulberry leaf picking machine. The mulberry leaf picking machine has the following characteristics:

1. the picking mechanism is an inclined S-shaped spiral curve guide rail, the guide rail integrates two functions of a blade and guiding, and the structure is simple; the track has fillet to handle, does not hinder the branch trunk, and picking mechanism is wear-resisting reliable for thick metal sheet or organic material panel, uses and maintains the convenience.

2. In the whole process of picking mulberry leaves, mulberry seedlings vertically enter and vertically come out, almost no large bending deformation exists, the top entering and righting belt pulley mechanism and the bottom damage-preventing movable pulley block are innovatively designed, and almost no damage is caused to the trunks of the mulberry seedlings;

3. during picking, a plurality of plants in one row can enter the picking mechanism, namely the spiral track, and walk in the track and can pick automatically, the assembly line is not continuous, and the continuous picking can be realized along with the continuous walking of the picking mechanism. The automation is convenient to realize.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a rotary rail type mulberry leaf picking machine comprises a picking vehicle main body, and is different from the prior art in that: further comprising:

the inclined S-shaped spiral curve guide rail mechanism consists of double-spiral cutting rails which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, an S-shaped spiral rail groove is arranged between the two rails, and the front end of each cutting rail is connected with a folding guide mechanism; the bottom and the side surfaces are connected with the picking vehicle main body, and the lower end of the cutting track is connected with the mulberry leaf collecting box body;

the folding guide mechanism is in a V-shaped block shape, the middle of the V-shaped block is hollow and is connected with the S-shaped spiral track groove in a hollow way;

the gripping and righting belt wheel mechanism is an elastic conveying belt mechanism and consists of a motor, a guide conveying belt and a guide belt wheel which are respectively arranged on bilaterally symmetrical cutting tracks, wherein one end of the guide conveying belt is connected with the guide belt wheel, and the other end of the guide conveying belt is connected with the motor; two groups of guide conveyor belts are arranged above the S-shaped spiral track groove, the upper part of the mulberry saplings is held by the side friction force of the guide conveyor belts, and the rotating speed of the guide conveyor belts is consistent with the advancing speed of the trolley;

the adjusting mechanism is connected with the picking vehicle body through a sliding block and consists of a left-right adjuster, an angle adjusting locking bolt, a left-right adjusting locking bolt and an up-down adjusting locking bolt, and the left-right adjuster is connected with the tail end of the cutting track through a sleeve.

Further, still be equipped with the mulberry leaf and collect conveying mechanism, this mechanism comprises the hair-dryer that sets up on the cutting track, divides the dryer and tuber pipe, and the tuber pipe is through dividing the dryer intercommunication with the hair-dryer, when the mulberry branch carries out the cutting track and begins to cut, utilizes the air-dryer air-out, disperses every branch dryer with wind through the tuber pipe, blows the mulberry leaf to the conveyer belt, is sent away the mulberry leaf by the conveyer belt again.

Furthermore, a bottom injury-preventing guide pulley block is further arranged, and the crawler belts of the bottom injury-preventing guide pulley block are arranged at the bottom ends of the left side and the right side of the picking vehicle main body.

The included angle range between the cutting track and the horizontal plane is 5-85 degrees, and the preferred value is 30-60 degrees; the front end of the cutting track is provided with a V-shaped open slot, namely, the open slot has larger space, and the rear end of the cutting track is gradually reduced to be equidistant; and the guide conveyor belt on the inner side track is driven to move by the belt wheel motor from the opening end to the spiral finishing end.

The cutting tracks are S-shaped tracks which are arranged in bilateral symmetry and spirally descend from high to low, the gap between the two S-shaped tracks is 5-30mm, the total rotation angle of the tracks is 360 degrees, and the double functions of a blade and guiding are achieved. When the mulberry branches enter the track, the mulberry branches are cut from leaves at the head of the mulberry branches, are slowly cut downwards along with the driving of the motor, are cut around the mulberry branches under the action of the curved track, and are discharged from the other end of the picking vehicle body along the track after the mulberry branches are cut, so that the mulberry branches are cut.

The gap between the two guide conveyor belts of the holding and righting belt pulley mechanism is 6-8mm, the guide belt pulleys are rotated through synchronous operation of the left motor and the right motor so as to drive the guide conveyor belts to rotate, when mulberry branches enter the track, the heads of the mulberry branches are fixed, and the mulberry branches are driven to walk towards the rear end of the track.

The length of the guide conveyor belt is less than or equal to that of the picking track, and the belt spacing is from wide to tight to wide.

And a tensioning wheel is arranged between the guide belt wheels and is adjusted through a fixed pulley which can be adjusted up and down.

The sliding block is connected with the picking vehicle main body through a V-shaped groove and is fixed through a bolt; a sleeve is arranged in the sliding block and connected with the picking track.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

by the mulberry leaf picking machine, mulberry leaves can be picked from a mulberry seedling production line from top to bottom, the completeness of the mulberry leaves and the mulberry trees can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, the damage of the mulberry trees in the picking process is reduced to the maximum extent, the automation of the picking process is easy to realize, the investment of manpower is reduced to the minimum extent, the structure is simple and firm, the application principle is simple, and an operator can master the hands quickly; the power of the whole machine mainly comes from a motor, the working noise is low, the power is low, the consumption is low, the environment is protected, the whole machine is suitable for various different working environments, and the whole machine is not easy to slip and is not easy to be used for trucks.

Compared with the prior art, the inclined S-shaped spiral curve guide rail is innovatively designed, the guide rail integrates two functions of a blade and guiding, and the structure is simple; the top holding and righting belt pulley mechanism and the bottom injury-proof guide pulley block which are innovatively designed are adopted, so that the mulberry trees are protected from being damaged by large external force during picking; when picking, a plurality of plants in a row are picked continuously at the same time, vertically enter and vertically come out, and almost have no large bending, and the continuous walking and continuous picking are realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a mulberry leaf picking machine according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a mulberry leaf picking machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the mulberry leaf picking machine according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a mulberry leaf picking machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an "S" -shaped double-spiral cutting track according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a grip centralizing pulley mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a wind distributing duct of the wind guide mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the picking vehicle 2 comprises an S-shaped double-spiral cutting track 3, a holding and righting belt pulley mechanism 4, a guiding V-shaped block 5, an air guiding mechanism 6, an anti-damage guiding pulley block 7, a conveying belt 8, an air guiding motor 9, an air distributing cylinder 10, a mulberry leaf conveying belt 11, a conveying belt pulley shaft 12, a track 13, a driving shaft/track pulley 14, a mulberry leaf collecting box 15 and an adjusting mechanism.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated but not limited by the following figures and examples.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1-4, the rotary rail type mulberry leaf picking machine of the invention comprises a picking vehicle 1, a rail mechanism on the picking vehicle 1, a holding and righting belt wheel mechanism 3 arranged on the top of the vehicle above the rail mechanism, an initial entry guiding V-shaped block 4, an air guide mechanism 5, a conveying belt 7, an adjusting mechanism 15 and a damage-proof guide pulley block 6 arranged at the bottom of the picking vehicle 1, wherein:

the track mechanism comprises S-shaped double-spiral cutting tracks 2 (edges and corners are rounded) which are symmetrically arranged left and right and cutting knives arranged at the edges of the tracks, and the included angle range of the cutting tracks 2 and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees; the front end of the cutting track 2 is provided with a V-shaped open slot, namely the open slot has larger space, and the rear end is connected with the S-shaped double-spiral cutting track 2; the belt wheel motor drives the holding righting guide conveyor belt on the inner side track to hold and convey from the opening end to the spiral ending end; the tail end of the picking track 2 is connected with the picking vehicle main body through an adjusting mechanism, and the lower end of the picking track is connected with the mulberry leaf collecting box body; as shown in figure 5, the cutting rails 2 are S-shaped rails which are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, the diameter of the mulberry branches is 8-20mm, the gap between the two S-shaped rails 2 is set to be 5-25mm, the spring pre-tightening adjustment is carried out, the initial opening distance is also adjustable, the initial opening is adjusted to be 1.3 times the diameter of the maximum finger of the tree seedling, one mulberry branch can completely enter the rails, when the mulberry branches enter the rails, the head of the mulberry branch is firstly held by a holding and righting conveying belt to be conveyed backwards synchronously with a trolley, leaves slightly below the head begin to be pressed downwards and rolled by the lower surface of a rail groove, and the mulberry branches are picked. The mulberry tree is characterized in that the small car moves forwards, the saplings move backwards relative to the S-shaped double-spiral cutting track 2, the track grooves are high in front and low in back, mulberry leaves from top to bottom of the saplings are picked, the track grooves are S-shaped bent tracks, the mulberry tree can be cut for 360 degrees around the mulberry branches, and after the mulberry branches are cut, the mulberry tree can directly and vertically go out along the tracks from the other end of the picking car body, and the mulberry branches are cut.

The adjusting mechanism 15 is connected with the picking vehicle 1 through a sliding block, and the sliding block is connected with the picking vehicle 1 through a V-shaped groove and fixed through a bolt; a sleeve is arranged in the sliding block; as shown in fig. 7, the adjusting mechanism 15 is composed of a left-right adjuster, an angle adjusting locking bolt, a left-right adjusting locking bolt, and an up-down adjusting locking bolt, the left-right adjuster is connected with the end of the cutting rail 2 through a sleeve;

as the head position of the mulberry branch is the most flexible position of the whole branch, in order to prevent the mulberry branch from bending the whole branch under the cutting action and not completing the cutting, the machine is also provided with a holding and righting guide mechanism 3 (as shown in figure 6) which is arranged above the trolley. The mulberry tree seedling head straightening machine comprises a belt wheel motor, a guide belt wheel, a crawler belt, a belt wheel tensioning mechanism and the like, wherein the guide belt wheel is tightly held and straightened, a guide conveying belt is connected with a left synchronous motor and a right synchronous motor, the head of a mulberry tree seedling entering a rail groove is clamped by the guide conveying belt to vertically move backwards, and the moving speed corresponds to the advancing speed of a trolley synchronously. The length of the guide conveying belt is less than or equal to that of the cutting track, the belt distance and the gripping force of the guide conveying belt are adjustable, and a belt wheel tensioning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the guide belt wheel and is adjusted through a fixed pulley which is adjustable up and down.

The bottom injury-preventing guide pulley block 6 is connected with the picking vehicle 1, and the crawler belts 12 are arranged at the bottom ends of the left side and the right side of the picking vehicle 1 to prevent the barks at the roots of the mulberry seedlings from being injured;

when cutting mulberry branches, mulberry leaves fall on a baffle or a picking vehicle case, in order to prevent accumulation and the situation that the mulberry leaves block the tracks, an air guide mechanism 5 (as shown in figure 8) is further arranged in the machine, the mechanism 5 consists of a blower arranged on the cutting tracks 2, a wind distribution cylinder 9 and an air pipe, the length of the air pipe is 1.52 meters, the air pipe is communicated with the blower through the wind distribution cylinder 9, when the mulberry branches are cut on the cutting tracks 2, air is discharged by the blower, the air is dispersed to each wind distribution cylinder through the air pipe, the mulberry leaves are blown to a conveying belt 10, and then the mulberry leaves are conveyed away by the conveying belt 10.

When the mulberry leaf picking machine works, the mulberry leaves are carried to a picking vehicle by the track and the blind walking guide wheel to move along a channel between two lines of mulberry trees, the overhanging spiral track cutter collects the mulberry branches into the loose opening of the track cutter from the upper part, so that the branches enter the track, and at the moment, the track opening is a V-shaped opening, namely, the space of the opening is larger, the upper part and the lower part of the track opening are almost free from resistance, and the mulberry branches can quickly and automatically enter the track groove connected with the tail ends of the V-shaped blocks. The mulberry tree head is clamped by a holding and righting guide conveyor belt made of soft rubber arranged above a track, the action similar to that of grabbing the mulberry tree head by a hand is kept to be in an approximately linear state, and meanwhile, the mulberry tree head is synchronously conveyed backwards by the holding and righting conveyor belt and a trolley. Therefore, the mulberry seedlings can vertically enter, vertically walk in the track grooves and finally vertically leave, and the operation is continuous and is similar to assembly line operation. The leaves slightly below the head are picked from the entry by the downward stripping action of the lower surface of the rail groove. The mulberry leaves below the track are blown to one side of the transmission belt by a blower and are transmitted to the collection box by the transmission belt, and the mulberry leaves are collected. The mulberry tree pruning trolley comprises a trolley, a rack groove, a rail groove and a plurality of cutting wheels, wherein the trolley walks forwards, saplings move backwards relative to an S-shaped double-spiral cutting rail, the rail groove is high in front and low in back, mulberry leaves from top to bottom are picked, the rail groove is an S-shaped spiral bent rail, 360-degree cutting can be carried out on the periphery of mulberry branches, and after the mulberry branches are cut, the mulberry branches can directly and vertically go out along the rail from the other end of a picking trolley main body, and the cutting of the. The picking vehicle continuously advances, the mulberry saplings continuously enter, and the actions are repeated, so that the mulberry leaf picking task is continuously completed in a production line without stopping.

Claims

1. A rotary rail type mulberry leaf picking machine comprises a picking vehicle main body, and is characterized in that: further comprising:

2. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the mulberry leaf collecting and conveying mechanism is further arranged and consists of a blower, an air distributing barrel and an air pipe, wherein the blower, the air distributing barrel and the air pipe are arranged on the cutting track, and the air pipe is communicated with the blower through the air distributing barrel.

3. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: still be equipped with the bottom and prevent hindering the guide pulley group, this bottom prevents hindering the track setting of guide pulley group in the left and right sides bottom of picking car main part.

4. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle range between the cutting track and the horizontal plane is 5-85 degrees; the front end of the cutting track is provided with a V-shaped open slot, namely, the open slot has larger space, and the rear end of the cutting track is gradually reduced to be equidistant; and the guide conveyor belt on the inner side track is driven to move by the belt wheel motor from the opening end to the spiral finishing end.

5. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle range of the cutting track and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees.

6. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting tracks are S-shaped tracks which are arranged in bilateral symmetry and spirally descend from high to low, the gap between the two S-shaped tracks is 5-30mm, and the total rotation angle of the tracks is 360 degrees.

7. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the gap between the two guide conveyor belts of the gripping and righting belt pulley mechanism is 6-8mm, and the guide belt pulleys are rotated by the synchronous operation of the left motor and the right motor so as to drive the guide conveyor belts to rotate.

8. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the guide conveyor belt is less than or equal to that of the picking track, and the belt spacing is from wide to tight to wide.

9. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: and a tensioning wheel is arranged between the guide belt wheels and is adjusted through a fixed pulley which can be adjusted up and down.

10. The rotary orbital mulberry leaf picker according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding block is connected with the picking vehicle main body through a V-shaped groove and is fixed through a bolt; a sleeve is arranged in the sliding block and connected with the picking track.