CN110731393A - Tea superheated steam fixing machine - Google Patents
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- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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Abstract
茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,涉及一种茶叶加工机械。包括机架,控制器,蒸青组件,进料组件,出料组件,所述蒸青组件,设有杀青室,在杀青室上设有外接蒸汽管的蒸气过热加热器,在杀青室的后部设有向杀青室出口端吹风的去湿风机,在杀青室的前端顶部设有排气管,在杀青室的后端顶部设有吸湿筒,吸湿筒顶部设有排湿管。本发明能适应各种嫩老茶叶的杀青,能快速将茶叶均匀杀透,并可根据杀青叶多少适时调整蒸青速度;可根据需要降低蒸青叶的湿度,快速将蒸青叶进行脱水和冷却,防止茶叶发酵发黄,确保所制备的绿茶质量。本发明既能满足制备普通绿茶蒸青需要,又能满足制备高档绿茶蒸青需要,还能进行黑毛茶加工的鲜叶蒸青,是一种适应很强的茶叶蒸汽杀青机。
A tea superheated steam fixing machine relates to a tea processing machine. Including a frame, a controller, a steaming component, a feeding component, and a discharging component, the steaming component is provided with a fixing chamber, and a steam superheater with an external steam pipe is arranged on the fixing chamber. There is a dehumidifying fan blowing air to the outlet end of the fixing chamber, an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the front end of the fixing chamber, a moisture absorption cylinder is arranged at the top of the rear end of the fixing chamber, and a moisture exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the moisture absorption cylinder. The method can adapt to the greening of various tender and old tea leaves, can quickly and uniformly kill the tea leaves, and can adjust the steaming speed in time according to the number of greening leaves; the humidity of the steamed green leaves can be reduced as required, and the steamed green leaves can be quickly dehydrated and dried. Cooling to prevent the tea leaves from fermenting and yellowing, and to ensure the quality of the green tea prepared. The invention can not only meet the needs of preparing ordinary green tea steaming, but also meet the needs of preparing high-grade green tea steaming, and can also perform fresh leaf steaming for black hair tea processing, and is a tea steaming machine with strong adaptability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种茶叶蒸青机械。The invention relates to a tea steaming machine.
背景技术Background technique
茶叶蒸汽杀青机是一种常用的茶叶机械。传统的蒸汽杀青机不仅性能差,蒸青效率低,主要问题是蒸青质量差。因此人们进行了一些改进,如公开号为CN109393087A,公开日为2019.03.01的高效节能的茶叶蒸汽杀青机,公开的技术为:包括机箱,机箱内设有炉膛和水箱,炉膛和水箱导热连接,炉膛用于为水箱加热,水箱的上侧设有蒸汽管,蒸汽管回转进炉膛内并从水箱中穿过,机箱的上侧设有杀青区,从水箱中穿过的蒸汽管连通至杀青区用于蒸汽杀青;能实现连续化的持续杀青,提升杀青效率,并能保证热能的充分利用;以解决目前采用燃烧锅炉进行蒸汽杀青,会造成杀青过程不能连续化和能量耗损严重的问题。又如公开号为CN203851718U,公开日2014.10.01的一种茶叶蒸汽杀青机,公开的技术为:解决现有的茶叶杀青机杀青不彻底、效果不好而发明。包括滚筒、转动轴和与转动轴连接的电机以及进茶装置,所述滚筒具有内腔、位于内腔外的进风加热层和位于所述进风加热层外的保温层,所述转动轴外固定设有与蒸汽发生器连接的中心汽管,所述中心汽管随所述转动轴一起转动,所述中心汽管的管壁上设有多个通孔,所述中心汽管与邻近所述进茶装置的一端的外表面上设置有多个推叶板,所述中心汽管远离进茶装置的一端的外表面上设置有多个导叶旋转片,所述保温层上或下或上下设置有与蒸汽发生器相连接的汽管排。以上现有技术所存的问题在于:一是采用蒸汽为饱和蒸汽,温度低,都在100℃左右,不能快速将茶叶杀透,导致茶叶杀青时间长,影响茶叶品质,特别是无法满足高档绿茶的杀青。二是蒸青效率低。杀青速度受到蒸汽温度低的制约,无法提高杀青速度和杀青量。三是饱和蒸汽的含水率高,蒸青后的茶叶湿度重,导致蒸青叶的含水率过高,不利后续加工,影响茶叶品质。四是不能及时散热,造成茶叶变黄,影响绿茶品质。五是适应性差,只能蒸青一芽1-2叶的绿茶叶,不能蒸青一芽4-6叶以上的黑茶叶。这些问题,现有技术都无法解决。Tea steam fixing machine is a commonly used tea machine. The traditional steam fixing machine not only has poor performance, but also has low steaming efficiency. The main problem is the poor steaming quality. Therefore, people have made some improvements, such as the high-efficiency and energy-saving tea steam fixing machine with the publication number CN109393087A and the publication date of 2019.03.01, the disclosed technology is: including a chassis, a furnace and a water tank are arranged in the chassis, and the furnace and the water tank are thermally connected, The furnace is used to heat the water tank. There is a steam pipe on the upper side of the water tank. The steam pipe rotates into the furnace and passes through the water tank. The upper side of the chassis is provided with a fixing area, and the steam pipe passing through the water tank is connected to the fixing area. It is used for steam fixing; it can realize continuous and continuous fixing, improve fixing efficiency, and ensure full utilization of heat energy; to solve the problem that the current use of combustion boiler for steam fixing will cause the problem of uncontinuous fixing and serious energy consumption. Another example is a tea steam fixing machine with publication number CN203851718U, published on 2014.10.01. The disclosed technology is: it was invented to solve the problem that the existing tea fixing machine was incomplete and the effect was not good. It includes a drum, a rotating shaft, a motor connected to the rotating shaft, and a tea feeding device. The drum has an inner cavity, an air inlet heating layer outside the inner cavity, and a thermal insulation layer outside the air inlet heating layer. The rotating shaft A central steam pipe connected to the steam generator is fixed externally, the central steam pipe rotates together with the rotating shaft, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the pipe wall of the central steam pipe, and the central steam pipe is connected to the adjacent one. The outer surface of one end of the tea feeding device is provided with a plurality of push vane plates, the outer surface of the end of the central steam pipe away from the tea feeding device is provided with a plurality of guide vane rotating blades, and the upper or lower heat preservation layer is provided with a plurality of guide vane rotating blades. Or there are steam pipe rows connected to the steam generator up and down. The problems existing in the above prior art are: First, the steam is saturated steam, and the temperature is low, which is about 100 ° C, and the tea leaves cannot be quickly killed, resulting in a long time to kill the tea leaves, affecting the quality of the tea leaves, especially the inability to meet the requirements of high-grade green tea. Fix it. Second, the steaming efficiency is low. The speed of fixing is restricted by the low steam temperature, and the speed and quantity of fixing cannot be improved. The third is that the moisture content of saturated steam is high, and the humidity of tea leaves after steaming is heavy, resulting in high moisture content of steamed green leaves, which is not conducive to subsequent processing and affects the quality of tea leaves. Fourth, the heat cannot be dissipated in time, causing the tea leaves to turn yellow and affecting the quality of green tea. Fifth, the adaptability is poor. Only green tea leaves with 1-2 leaves per green bud can be steamed, and black tea leaves with more than 4-6 leaves per green bud cannot be steamed. None of these problems can be solved by the existing technology.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术所存在的问题,公开一种能适应各种鲜茶叶杀青的,快速将茶叶杀透的,可根据杀青叶多少适时调整蒸青速度的,能快速降低蒸青叶湿度和温度,确保杀青质量的,既能满足制备普通绿茶蒸青,又能满足制备高档绿茶蒸青,还能满足黑毛茶加工蒸青的茶叶过热蒸气杀青机。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and discloses a kind of tea that can adapt to the greening of various fresh tea leaves, can quickly kill the tea leaves, can adjust the steaming speed in time according to the number of greening leaves, and can quickly reduce the steaming speed. The leaf humidity and temperature can ensure the quality of the green tea. It can not only meet the requirements for the preparation of ordinary green tea, but also meet the requirements for the preparation of high-grade green tea.
本发明的技术解决方案之一是:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架,控制器,蒸青组件,进料组件,出料组件,其特殊之处在于:所述蒸青组件,设有杀青室,在杀青室上设有外接蒸汽管的蒸气过热加热器,在杀青室的后部设有向杀青室出口端吹风的去湿风机,在杀青室的前端顶部设有排气管,在杀青室的后端顶部设有吸湿筒,吸湿筒顶部设有排湿管。One of the technical solutions of the present invention is: a tea superheated steam fixing machine, including a frame, a controller, a steaming component, a feeding component, and a discharging component. The special feature is that the steaming component is provided with a fixing unit. There is a steam superheating heater with an external steam pipe on the fixing chamber, a dehumidifying fan blowing air to the outlet of the fixing chamber is arranged at the rear of the fixing chamber, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the front end of the fixing chamber. The top of the rear end of the chamber is provided with a moisture absorption cylinder, and the top of the moisture absorption cylinder is provided with a moisture exhaust pipe.
本发明的技术解决方案之二是:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架,控制器,蒸青组件,进料组件,出料组件,其特殊之处在于:所述蒸青组件,设有杀青室,在杀青室上设有外接蒸汽管的蒸气过热加热器,在杀青室的后部设有向杀青室出口端吹风的去湿风机,在杀青室的前端顶部设有排气管,在杀青室的后端顶部设有吸湿筒,吸湿筒顶部设有排湿管,在出料组件前端至中后部下面设有脱水组件,在所述脱水组件后面设有冷却组件。The second technical solution of the present invention is: a tea superheated steam fixing machine, including a frame, a controller, a steaming component, a feeding component, and a discharging component. The special feature is that the steaming component is provided with a fixing unit. There is a steam superheating heater with an external steam pipe on the fixing chamber, a dehumidifying fan blowing air to the outlet of the fixing chamber is arranged at the rear of the fixing chamber, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the front end of the fixing chamber. A moisture absorption cylinder is arranged at the top of the rear end of the chamber, a moisture exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the moisture absorption cylinder, a dehydration assembly is arranged from the front end to the middle and rear of the discharge assembly, and a cooling assembly is arranged behind the dehydration assembly.
本发明技术解决方案中的脱水组件,由设在杀青室侧面的鼓风机、与鼓风机出风端相连的鼓风加热装置、套设在出料组件前端至中后部下面的对出料组件上面的蒸青茶叶进行脱水的热风箱、对鼓风加热装置与出料组件进行通风连接的送风管的所组成。The dehydration component in the technical solution of the present invention consists of a blower located on the side of the finishing chamber, a blower heating device connected to the air outlet end of the blower, and a counter-discharge component sleeved on the front end to the middle rear of the discharge component. It consists of a hot air box for dehydrating steamed green tea leaves, and an air supply pipe for ventilating connection between the blast heating device and the discharging component.
本发明技术解决方案中的冷却组件,由设在出料组件下面的冷却风机,与冷却风机出风口相连的、套设在出料组件3尾部下面的对脱水组件进行脱水后茶料进行冷却的冷却风箱所组成。The cooling component in the technical solution of the present invention consists of a cooling fan located under the discharging component, a cooling fan connected to the air outlet of the cooling fan, and a cooling fan for cooling the tea material after the dehydration component is dehydrated and sleeved under the tail of the discharging component 3. Composed of cooling bellows.
本发明技术解决方案中的蒸气过热加热器,设有外壳,在外壳内设有若干根电热管,在电热管上设有散热片,在电热管的前面设有布满蒸汽孔的两端封闭的出汽管,出汽管与外接蒸汽管相通,在电热管一端的外壳上设有接线柱,在对应电热管高度的外壳后侧上设有出汽道。The steam superheating heater in the technical solution of the present invention is provided with a casing, a plurality of electric heating pipes are arranged in the casing, radiating fins are arranged on the electric heating pipes, and both ends of the electric heating pipes are closed with steam holes in front of them. The steam outlet pipe is connected with the external steam pipe, a terminal post is arranged on the outer shell of one end of the electric heating pipe, and a steam outlet is arranged on the rear side of the outer casing corresponding to the height of the electric heating pipe.
本发明由于采用了以上技术方案,解决了现有技术所存在的问题,由于设置了蒸气过热加热器1c,可将蒸汽温度提高到480多℃,能适应各种嫩老茶叶的杀青,能快速将茶叶杀透,并可根据杀青叶多少适时调整蒸青速度;由于采用过热蒸汽杀青,蒸汽所带来的水分少,能有效控制蒸青叶的含水率,有利于后续加工,提高茶叶品质;由于在杀青室上设有排气管,有利于高温蒸汽的流动,使茶叶蒸青均匀;在杀青室上设有去湿风机、吸湿筒和排湿管,能快速驱散杀青室内的雾气,降低蒸青叶的湿度;由于设有脱水组件和冷却组件,能快速将蒸青叶进行脱水和冷却,防止茶叶发酵发黄,确保所制备的绿茶质量。本发明既能满足制备普通绿茶蒸青需要,又能满足制备高档绿茶蒸青需要,还能进行黑毛茶加工的鲜叶蒸青,是一种适应很强的茶叶蒸汽杀青机。By adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art, and because the
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的主视示意图;1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
图2为本发明的右视示意图;Fig. 2 is the right side schematic diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的俯视示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
图4为本发明电加热器的实施例结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the electric heater of the present invention.
图示标记说明:1-蒸青组件,2-进料组件, 3-出料组件,4-脱水组件,5-冷却组件,6-控制器,7-机架,1a-杀青室,1b-蒸汽管,1c-蒸气过热加热器,1c1-外壳,1c2-电热管,1c3-出汽道,1c4-前壁,1c5-接线柱,1c6-散热片,1c7-出汽管,1d-顶盖,1e-吸湿筒,1f-排气管,1g-去湿风机,1h-排湿管,2a-料斗,2b-均茶装置,2c-输入带,2d-传动装置,3a-输送带挡板,3b-输送带,3c-输送带滚轮,3d-输送带电动机,3e-链条,3f-刮茶滚轮,3g-翻茶轮电动机,3h-翻茶轮调节机构,3i-调节轮,3j-翻茶轮,3k-输送带架,4a-鼓风机,4b-鼓风加热装置,4c-加热电控柜,4d-送风管,4e-热风箱,5a-冷却风机,5b-冷却风箱。Description of the symbols: 1- steaming component, 2-feeding component, 3-discharging component, 4-dehydration component, 5-cooling component, 6-controller, 7-rack, 1a-fixing chamber, 1b- Steam pipe, 1c-steam superheating heater, 1c1-casing, 1c2-electric heating pipe, 1c3-steam outlet, 1c4-front wall, 1c5-terminal, 1c6-radiator, 1c7-steam outlet pipe, 1d-top cover , 1e- moisture absorption cylinder, 1f- exhaust pipe, 1g- dehumidification fan, 1h- moisture exhaust pipe, 2a- hopper, 2b- tea equalization device, 2c- input belt, 2d- transmission device, 3a- conveyor belt baffle , 3b-conveyor belt, 3c-conveyor belt roller, 3d-conveyor belt motor, 3e-chain, 3f-scraping tea roller, 3g-turning tea wheel motor, 3h-turning tea wheel adjusting mechanism, 3i-adjusting wheel, 3j- Turning tea wheel, 3k- conveyor belt rack, 4a- blower, 4b- blowing heating device, 4c- heating electric control cabinet, 4d- air supply duct, 4e- hot air box, 5a- cooling fan, 5b- cooling air box.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于进一步理解本发明,下面结合图1-4,用具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。In order to facilitate further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to FIGS. 1-4 by using specific embodiments.
实施方式1:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架7,控制器6,蒸青组件1,进料组件2,出料组件3,所述蒸青组件1,设有杀青室1a,在杀青室1a上设有外接蒸汽管1b的蒸气过热加热器1c,在杀青室1a的后部设有向杀青室1a出口端吹风的去湿风机1g,在杀青室1a的前端顶部设有排气管1f,在杀青室1a的后端顶部设有吸湿筒1e,吸湿筒1e顶部设有排湿管1h。Embodiment 1: The tea superheated steam fixing machine includes a frame 7, a controller 6, a
实施方式2:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架7,控制器6,蒸青组件1,进料组件2,出料组件3,所述蒸青组件1,设有杀青室1a,在杀青室1a上设有外接蒸汽管1b的蒸气过热加热器1c,在杀青室1a的后部设有向杀青室1a出口端吹风的去湿风机1g,在杀青室1a的前端顶部设有排气管1f,在杀青室1a的后端顶部设有吸湿筒1e,吸湿筒1e顶部设有排湿管1h,在出料组件3前端至中后部下面设有脱水组件4,在所述脱水组件4后面设有冷却组件5。Embodiment 2: The tea superheated steam fixing machine includes a frame 7, a controller 6, a
优选方案中,所述脱水组件4,由设在杀青室1a侧面的鼓风机4a、与鼓风机4a出风端相连的鼓风加热装置4b、套设在出料组件3前端至中后部下面的对出料组件3上面的蒸青茶叶进行脱水的热风箱4e、对鼓风加热装置4b与出料组件3进行通风连接的送风管4d的所组成。In a preferred solution, the
优选方案中,所述冷却组件5,由设在出料组件3下面的冷却风机5a,与冷却风机5a出风口相连的、套设在出料组件3尾部下面的对脱水组件4进行脱水后茶料进行冷却的冷却风箱5b所组成。In a preferred solution, the
优选方案中,所述蒸气过热加热器1c,设有外壳1c1,在外壳1c1内设有若干根电热管1c2,在电热管1c2上设有散热片1c6,在电热管1c2的前面设有布满蒸汽孔的两端封闭的出汽管1c7,出汽管1c7与外接蒸汽管1b相通,在电热管1c2一端的外壳1c1上设有接线柱1c5,在对应电热管1c2高度的外壳1c1后侧上设有出汽道1c3。In a preferred solution, the
实施例1:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架7,控制器6,蒸青组件1,进料组件2,出料组件3,所述蒸青组件1,设有杀青室1a,在杀青室1a上设有外接蒸汽管1b的蒸气过热加热器1c,在杀青室1a的后部设有向杀青室1a出口端吹风的去湿风机1g,在杀青室1a的前端顶部设有排气管1f,在杀青室1a的后端顶部设有吸湿筒1e,吸湿筒1e顶部设有排湿管1h。本实施例由于设置了蒸气过热加热器1c,可将蒸汽温度提高到480多℃,能适应各种嫩老茶叶的杀青,能快速将茶叶杀透,特别是能将一芽4叶以上的精老茶叶彻底蒸透,并可根据杀青叶多少适时调整蒸青速度;由于在杀青室1a上设有排气管1f,有利于高温蒸汽的流动,使茶叶蒸青均匀;在杀青室1a上设有去湿风机1g、吸湿筒1e和排湿管1h,能快速驱散杀青室1a内的雾气,降低蒸青叶的湿度。本实施例特别适宜于制备黑毛茶的蒸青。Example 1: A tea superheated steam fixing machine, including a frame 7, a controller 6, a
实施例2:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架7,控制器6,蒸青组件1,进料组件2,出料组件3,所述蒸青组件1,设有杀青室1a,在杀青室1a上设有外接蒸汽管1b的蒸气过热加热器1c,在杀青室1a的后部设有向杀青室1a出口端吹风的去湿风机1g,在杀青室1a的前端顶部设有排气管1f,在杀青室1a的后端顶部设有吸湿筒1e,吸湿筒1e顶部设有排湿管1h,在出料组件3前端至中后部下面设有脱水组件4,在所述脱水组件4后面设有冷却组件5。Example 2: The tea superheated steam fixing machine includes a frame 7, a controller 6, a
所述脱水组件4,由设在杀青室1a侧面的鼓风机4a、与鼓风机4a出风端相连的鼓风加热装置4b、套设在出料组件3前端至中后部下面的对出料组件3上面的蒸青茶叶进行脱水的热风箱4e、对鼓风加热装置4b与出料组件3进行通风连接的送风管4d的所组成。所述冷却组件5,由设在出料组件3下面的冷却风机5a,与冷却风机5a出风口相连的、套设在出料组件3尾部下面的对脱水组件4进行脱水后茶料进行冷却的冷却风箱5b所组成。本实施例由于设置了蒸气过热加热器1c,可将蒸汽温度提高到480多℃,能适应各种嫩老茶叶的杀青,能快速将茶叶杀透,并可根据杀青叶多少适时调整蒸青速度;由于在杀青室1a上设有排气管1f,有利于高温蒸汽的流动,使茶叶蒸青均匀;在杀青室1a上设有去湿风机1g、吸湿筒1e和排湿管1h,能快速驱散杀青室1a内的雾气,降低蒸青叶的湿度;由于设有脱水组件4和冷却组件5,能快速将蒸青叶进行脱水和冷却,防止茶叶发酵发黄,确保所制备的绿茶质量。本发明既能满足制备普通绿茶蒸青需要,又能满足制备高档绿茶蒸青需要。The
实施例3:茶叶过热蒸气杀青机,包括机架7,控制器6,蒸青组件1,进料组件2,出料组件2,所述蒸青组件1设在机架7上,所述进料组件2与蒸青组件1相连,所述出料组件3与蒸青组件1出茶口端相连,在出料组件3前端至中后部下面设有脱水组件4,在所述脱水组件4后面设有冷却组件5。所述蒸青组件1,在杀青室1a上设有外接蒸汽管1b内通杀青室1a的蒸气过热加热器1c,在杀青室1a的后部设有向杀青室1a出口端吹风的去湿风机1g,在杀青室1a的前端顶部设有排气管1f,在杀青室1a的后端顶部设有排湿管1h。所述蒸气过热加热器1c,设有外壳1c1,在外壳1c1内设有若干根电热管1c2,在电热管1c2上设有散热片1c6,在电热管1c2的前面设有布满蒸汽孔的两端封闭的出汽管1c7,出汽管1c7与外接蒸汽管1b相通,在电热管1c2一端的外壳1c1上设有接线柱1c5,在对应电热管1c2高度的外壳1c1后侧上设有出汽道1c3。所述进料组件2设在杀青室1a内,由料斗2a,设在料斗2a下面的输入带2c,设在输入带2c上的均茶装置2b所组成。输入带2c的驱动电机设在杀青室1a的底部,通过传动装置2d(链条传动)驱动输入带2c运行。均茶装置2b为业内常用设施,由电机驱动(未画出)的均茶轮、调节均茶轮与输入带2c的间隔距离的调节轮所组成。所述出料组件2也为业内常用设施,设有输送带架3k,输送带架3k设为两层,输送带3b设在输送带架3k的上下层,在输送带架3k上层两侧设有输送带挡板3a,在输送带架3k右端底部设有输送带电动机3d,在输送带架3k的右端设有输送带滚轮3c,在输送带电动机3d与输送带滚轮3c之间设有动力传递的链条3e,在输送带架3k的第二层的前后设有位置可调节的用于调节输送带3b松紧度的调节轮3i,在输送带3b右端回程段的底部设有刮茶滚轮3f,刮茶滚轮3f由链条3驱动,呈顺时针转动,刮茶滚轮3f上设有细密的毛刷,其作用为刮刷干净输送带3b上的细碎茶叶,在输送带架3k的上层均布有多个翻茶轮3j,翻茶轮3j到输送带3b表面的距离由设在输送带挡板3a上的翻茶轮调节机构3h进行调节,翻茶轮3j由设在输送带架3k侧面的翻茶轮电动机3g通过传动链条统一驱动。所述脱水组件4,由设在杀青室1a侧面的鼓风机4a、与鼓风机4a出风端相连的鼓风加热装置4b、套设在出料组件3前端至中后部下面的对出料组件3上面的蒸青茶叶进行脱水的热风箱4e、对鼓风加热装置4b与出料组件3进行通风连接的送风管4d的所组成。在鼓风加热装置4b上设有加热电控柜4c。热风箱4e制成槽形,侧面为三角形,左高右窄,槽形的敞口与输送带架3k顶部的输送带3b底面对接。由送风管4d送来的热风通过输送带3b底部对蒸青茶叶进行脱水。鼓风加热装置4b为市场产品,型号:GKFD-10,生产厂家为盐城东热热能环保机械有限公司。所述冷却组件5,由设在出料组件3下面的冷却风机5a,与冷却风机5a出风口相连的、套设在出料组件3尾部下面的对脱水组件4进行脱水后茶料进行冷却的冷却风箱5b所组成。也就是说,冷却风箱5b制成槽形,侧面为三角形,槽形的敞口与输送带架3k右端输送带3b底面对接,冷却风机5a送来的风通过输送带3b底部对脱水后的蒸青茶叶进行冷却。控制器6控制蒸青组件1的去湿风机1g、进料组件2、 出料组件3、脱水组件4、冷却组件5,加热电控柜4c控制鼓风加热装置4b和蒸气过热加热器1c的加温调节。本实施例解决了现有技术所存在的问题,由于设置了蒸气过热加热器1c,可将蒸汽温度提高到480多℃,能适应各种嫩老茶叶的杀青,能快速将茶叶杀透,并可根据杀青叶多少适时调整蒸青速度;由于采用过热蒸汽杀青,蒸汽所带来的水分少,能有效控制蒸青叶的含水率,有利于后续加工,提高茶叶品质;由于在杀青室1a上设有排气管1f,有利于高温蒸汽的流动,使茶叶蒸青均匀;在杀青室1a上设有去湿风机1g、吸湿筒1e和排湿管1h,能快速驱散杀青室1a内的雾气,降低蒸青叶的湿度;由于设有脱水组件4和冷却组件5,能快速将蒸青叶进行脱水和冷却,防止茶叶发酵发黄,确保所制备的绿茶质量。本发明既能满足制备普通绿茶蒸青需要,又能满足制备高档绿茶蒸青需要,还能进行黑毛茶加工的鲜叶蒸青,是一种适应很强的茶叶蒸汽杀青机。Example 3: The tea superheated steam fixing machine includes a frame 7, a controller 6, a
本发明的工作原理如下:鲜叶通过料斗2a进入输入带2c,经均茶装置2b均匀后鲜叶进入蒸青区。外接蒸汽通过蒸汽管1b经蒸气过热加热器1c提温(可提高至480℃)后进入蒸青区对鲜叶进行蒸青。蒸气过热加热器1c由加热电控柜4c控制其发热量来控制进入杀青室1a的蒸汽温度,达到蒸汽温度可调的目的,以适应各种老嫩茶叶的蒸青。为促进高温蒸汽的流动,在杀青室蒸青区的顶部设有排气管1f。鲜叶经过蒸青后会产生大量湿气,由去湿风机1g将湿气吹至吸湿筒1e经排湿管1h排出。蒸青茶叶经排湿后落入输送带3b上,在输送过程中,通过控制加热电控柜4c,使鼓风机4a的风通过鼓风加热装置4b加热后,由送风管4d送入热风箱4e,热风透过输送带3b给茶叶脱水,脱水后茶叶进入输送带3b的尾部,这时冷却风机5a送入冷却风箱5b的冷风,将输送带3b上的茶叶降温冷却。由于蒸青温度高,杀青速度快,茶叶蒸青后及时排湿,及时脱水,及时冷却,蒸青出来的茶叶香气浓厚,叶色青翠,茶汤翠绿,能达到高档绿茶的杀青要求。如果用于黑毛茶的蒸青,可以关闭脱水组件4和冷却组件5,甚至可以关闭去湿风机1g。因为黑毛生产在鲜叶蒸青后要进行渥堆发酵,需要一定的水分,也无需及时冷却,所以蒸青茶叶经输送带3b的输送,可直接进行渥堆发酵。The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the fresh leaves enter the
以上所述,仅为本发明的说明实施例,并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,做出的若干改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下,利用以上所揭示的技术内容做出的些许更改、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所做的任何等同变化的更改、修饰与演变,均仍属于本发明的保护范围。The above are only illustrative examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form or substance. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the method of the present invention, Several improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, make use of the above-disclosed technical content to make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes of evolution, which are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; Meanwhile, any modification, modification and evolution of any equivalent changes made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN114009520A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-08 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of integral type superheated steam tea fresh leaf fixing machine and tea fresh leaf fixing method |
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Application publication date: 20200131 |