Four-gear transmission well drilling winch
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling and production equipment, and particularly relates to a four-gear transmission drilling winch.
Background
The petroleum drilling winch is used as a core component of a petroleum drilling machine and plays roles in placing a derrick and a base, placing a casing, normally drilling and processing emergency downhole accidents. The transmission type of the existing well drilling winch mainly comprises gear transmission and chain wheel transmission, the winch driven by an alternating current variable frequency motor mainly adopts the gear transmission type, a first-gear or two-gear transmission box is generally matched, the winch driven by a direct current motor and the winch driven by a diesel engine jointly mainly adopt the chain wheel chain transmission type, the winch driven by the chain wheel chain transmission type mainly adopts a winch frame wall plate type structure, multi-shaft transmission is arranged in a wall plate, and different transmission ratios are formed by chain wheels with different tooth numbers arranged on each transmission shaft. Drilling machines which are matched with the winch driven by the alternating-current variable-frequency motor, the direct-current motor and the diesel engine are different from one another, the winch driven by the alternating-current variable-frequency motor is matched with the drilling machine driven by the alternating-current variable-frequency motor, the winch driven by the direct-current motor is matched with the direct-current drilling machine, and the winch driven by the diesel engine is matched with the mechanical transmission drilling machine.
At present, the winch with different driving types has larger difference, various types and can not be used universally, so that drilling winch equipment parts of different types of well teams have various types, the items, the number and the storage occupied space of easily-damaged parts of the equipment are increased, the manpower maintenance cost is invisibly increased, in addition, the drilling winch parts can not be exchanged in time when the winch breaks down, and the drilling efficiency is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a four-gear transmission well drilling winch, which solves the problem of poor interchangeability between winches of different transmission types.
The four-gear transmission well drilling winch comprises a winch base, wherein a four-gear transmission box is connected to the winch base and is connected with a power source, the four-gear transmission box is connected with one end of a roller shaft assembly through a second crowned tooth coupler, and the surface of a roller body of the roller shaft assembly is connected with two hydraulic disc brake devices; the four-gear transmission case is connected with an air control system, the air control system is also connected with a push disc clutch, and the four-gear transmission case is connected with an automatic drill feeding device through the push disc clutch; the four-gear transmission case is connected with an organic oil lubricating system.
It is also characterized in that the method comprises the following steps,
the four-gear transmission box comprises an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft and a drill feeding shaft, wherein the input shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z1 and a gear Z3, the intermediate shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z2, a gear Z4, a gear shifting mechanism I, a gear Z5, a gear shifting mechanism II and a gear Z7, the output shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z6 and a gear Z8, and the drill feeding shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z9; the gear Z1 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z2, the gear Z3 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z4, and the gear Z2 and the gear Z4 are switched by the gear shifting mechanism I; the gear Z6 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z5, the gear Z8 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z7, and the gear Z5 and the gear Z7 are switched by the gear shifting mechanism II; the gear Z9 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z8.
And a gear shifting mechanism I and a gear shifting mechanism II of the four-gear transmission case are respectively connected with a pneumatic control system.
The power sources are a first motor and a second motor, and the first motor and the second motor are respectively connected with two ends of an input shaft of the four-gear transmission case through a third crowned tooth coupler and a fourth crowned tooth coupler.
The first motor and the second motor are one of a direct current motor or an alternating current motor.
The first motor and the second motor are direct current motors, and the other end of the roller shaft assembly is connected with an Eton brake device through a first crowned tooth coupling.
The power source is a diesel engine combined driving module, the power output end of the diesel engine combined driving module is connected with a shaft end flange through a universal coupling, and the shaft end flange is connected with one end of an input shaft of the four-gear transmission case; the other end of the roller shaft assembly is connected with an Eton brake device through a first crowned tooth coupling.
The other end of the input shaft of the four-gear transmission case is connected with a shaft end shield.
The rolling hydraulic disc brake device is connected with a disc brake integrated hydraulic station.
The other shaft of the output shaft of the fourth gear transmission case is connected with a speed measuring device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is suitable for the combined driving mode of alternating current variable frequency motor driving, direct current motor driving and a diesel engine, and has wide application range; the types of petroleum drilling winches are reduced, the winches can be quickly selected conveniently, and the products of the drilling winches are more standardized; the gear transmission type is adopted, the transmission efficiency is high, and the loss of motive power is reduced; the interchangeability of parts is higher, the interchange of parts of drilling winches of different driving types of drilling machines can be realized, and the efficiency of equipment fault maintenance is improved; the assembly is quick and convenient, the installation and disassembly time of the winch is reduced, and the equipment maintenance is convenient; the types of parts of the drilling winch are reduced, the universality of the parts is improved, the assembly line type production and processing can be adopted, and the production efficiency of the manufacturing industry is improved; the interchangeability of the drilling winches of different types of drilling machines is increased, the coordination operation of the drilling winch main bodies of the drilling machines of different drilling teams is facilitated, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an AC or DC motor drive of a four-speed gear-driven drilling winch according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combined driving structure of a diesel engine of a four-speed gear-driven well drilling winch according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a transmission schematic diagram of a four-gear transmission drilling winch of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an Eton brake device, 2, a winch base, 3, a first crowned tooth coupling, 4, a roller shaft assembly, 5, a hydraulic disc brake device, 6, a second crowned tooth coupling, 7, a fourth gear transmission case, 8, a speed measuring device, 9, a push disc clutch, 10, an automatic drill feeding device, 11, a disc brake integrated hydraulic station, 12, an air control system, 13, a first motor, 14, a third crowned tooth coupling, 15, a fourth crowned tooth coupling, 16, a second motor, 17, an engine oil lubricating system, 18, an end shield, 19, an end flange and 20, a universal coupling.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A four-gear transmission well drilling winch comprises a winch base 2, wherein a four-gear transmission box 7 is connected to the winch base 2, the four-gear transmission box 7 comprises an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft and a drill feeding shaft, a gear Z1 and a gear Z3 are sequentially arranged on the input shaft, a gear Z2, a gear Z4, a gear shifting mechanism I, a gear Z5, a gear shifting mechanism II and a gear Z7 are sequentially arranged on the intermediate shaft, a gear Z6 and a gear Z8 are arranged on the output shaft, a gear Z9 is arranged on the drill feeding shaft, a gear Z1 is in meshing transmission with the gear Z2, a gear Z3 is in meshing transmission with the gear Z4, and the gear Z2 and the gear Z4 are switched by the gear shifting mechanism I; the gear Z6 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z5, the gear Z8 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z7, and the gear Z5 and the gear Z7 are switched by the gear shifting mechanism II; the gear Z9 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z8, and the four-gear gearbox 7 can be switched between four gears through the gear shifting mechanism I and the gear shifting mechanism II.
The four-gear transmission well drilling winch adopts the four-gear transmission box 7 as a main transmission structural member of the winch, replaces a wallboard type built-in multi-shaft chain wheel chain transmission mode of a mechanical winch jointly driven by a traditional direct current winch and a diesel engine, and increases the transmission efficiency of the winch.
An input shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with a power source, power is transmitted to an output shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7 after being reduced through two-stage gear transmission of the four-gear transmission case 7, one end of the output shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with one end of a roller shaft assembly 4 through a second crowned tooth coupler 6, the power is finally transmitted to the roller shaft assembly 4, two sides of the surface of a roller body of the roller shaft assembly 4 are respectively connected with a double-brake disc type hydraulic disc brake device 5 for braking, the hydraulic disc brake device 5 is further connected with a disc brake integrated hydraulic station 11, and oil supply and control are carried out on the hydraulic disc brake device 5.
The other end of the output shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with a speed measuring device 8, so that the rotating speed of the roller can be conveniently measured in the process of an electrical control system and well logging operation.
The four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with an air control system 12, and controls the gear shifting mechanism I and the gear shifting mechanism II to realize the switching of the transmission case among four gears; the pneumatic control system 12 is also connected with a push disc clutch 9, the disengagement and engagement of the push disc clutch 9 can be realized, and the four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with an automatic drill feeding device 10 through the push disc clutch 9.
The four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with an oil lubricating system 17, the oil lubricating system 17 mainly comprises a lubricating oil pump device, a filter, a pipeline and a valve, and can lubricate each transmission gear and a bearing of the four-gear transmission case 7.
The power sources are a first motor 13 and a second motor 16, and the first motor 13 and the second motor 16 are respectively connected with two ends of an input shaft of the fourth-gear transmission case 7 through a third crowned tooth coupling 14 and a fourth crowned tooth coupling 15.
The first motor 13 and the second motor 16 are one of alternating current motors or direct current motors, and when the first motor 13 and the second motor 16 are alternating current motors, the winch can perform braking through the first motor 13 and the second motor 16 by using energy consumption braking and the hydraulic disc type braking device 5; when the first motor 13 and the second motor 16 are direct current motors, the other end of the drum shaft assembly 4 is connected with the eaton brake device 1 through the first crowned tooth coupler 3, and at the moment, the hydraulic disc brake device 5 and the eaton brake device 1 are respectively used as a main brake and an auxiliary brake of the winch to perform combined braking, so that the safety of the winch is higher.
As shown in fig. 3, the power source may also be a diesel engine joint driving module, the diesel engine joint driving output end is connected with a shaft end flange 19 through a universal coupling 20, the shaft end flange 19 is connected with one end of the input shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7, power is transmitted to the drum shaft assembly 4, the other end of the input shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7 is connected with a shaft end shield 18, the shaft end of the input shaft is protected, the original structures at the two ends of the input shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7 are maintained, and the transmission cases are convenient to interchange among alternating current motor driving, direct current motor driving and diesel engine joint driving.
All the equipment is integrally installed on a prying type winch base 2, and integral hoisting and transportation can be achieved. According to the working principle of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, a four-gear transmission case 7 comprises an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft and a bit feeding shaft, wherein the input shaft is connected with a direct current motor, an alternating current motor or a diesel engine in a combined driving manner, the output shaft is connected with a drum shaft assembly 4, the bit feeding shaft is connected with an automatic bit feeding device 10 through a push disc clutch 9, the input shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z1 and a gear Z3, the intermediate shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z2, a gear Z4, a gear shifting mechanism I, a gear Z5, a gear shifting mechanism II and a gear Z7, the output shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z6 and a gear Z8, and the bit feeding shaft is sequentially provided with a gear Z36; the gear Z1 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z2, the gear Z3 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z4, and the gear Z2 and the gear Z4 are switched by the gear shifting mechanism I; the gear Z6 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z5, the gear Z8 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z7, and the gear Z5 and the gear Z7 are switched by the gear shifting mechanism II; the gear Z9 is in meshed transmission with the gear Z8, and the transmission case can be switched between four gears through the gear shifting mechanism I and the gear shifting mechanism II.
An input shaft of the four-gear transmission box 7 introduces power through one of combined driving of an alternating-current variable-frequency motor, a direct-current motor and a diesel engine, and introduces power to an output shaft through two-stage gear transmission, and the output shaft is connected with a winch roller shaft of the roller shaft assembly 4 through a second crowned tooth coupling 6, so that the roller is driven to rotate, and the functions of lifting and lowering the winch are realized.
When the alternating current motor drives, the four-gear transmission box 7 can adopt two gears or four gears to carry out transmission, the winch can carry out braking through the energy consumption braking of the first motor 13 and the second motor 16 and the braking of the hydraulic disc type braking device 5, and the safety of the winch is higher; when the direct current motor is driven and the diesel engine is driven jointly, the four-gear transmission box 7 adopts four-gear transmission, and the hydraulic disc type brake device 5 and the Eton brake device 1 are respectively used as a main brake and an auxiliary brake of the winch at the moment.
Under the normal working condition, the push disc clutch 9 is disengaged from the bit feeding shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7, and the power source is one of a direct current motor, an alternating current motor or a diesel engine combined driving module.
Under the working condition of automatic bit feeding, the push disc clutch 9 is engaged with a bit feeding shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7, and a gear shifting mechanism II of the four-gear transmission case 7 is in a neutral gear, namely no power is transmitted from an input shaft to an output shaft of the four-gear transmission case 7; the power of the automatic bit feeding device 10 is engaged with the gear Z8 through the gear Z9 of the bit feeding shaft of the four-gear transmission box 7, and the power is transmitted to the roller shaft assembly 4 under the primary transmission.
The four-gear transmission well drilling winch integrates the characteristics of an alternating current variable frequency motor driving winch, a direct current motor driving winch and a diesel engine combined driving winch, improves the transmission efficiency of the direct current motor driving winch and the diesel engine combined driving winch, unifies the structures of different transmission type winches, enables the functions of the winches to be more diversified, and enhances the interchangeability among different types of winches.