CN110722233A - Device and method for determining capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position - Google Patents
Device and method for determining capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position Download PDFInfo
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- CN110722233A CN110722233A CN201911117908.XA CN201911117908A CN110722233A CN 110722233 A CN110722233 A CN 110722233A CN 201911117908 A CN201911117908 A CN 201911117908A CN 110722233 A CN110722233 A CN 110722233A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for determining a capillary electrode electrohydraulic beam machining initial position. The determination device includes: the test probe, the capillary electrode, the conduction detection power supply and the processing machine tool; the test probe and the capillary electrode are respectively arranged on the processing machine tool and move under the control of the processing machine tool; one power end of the conduction detection power supply is respectively connected with the test measuring head and the capillary electrode, and the other power end of the conduction detection power supply is connected with a workpiece to be processed; the processing machine tool is connected with the conduction detection power supply, and when two power supply ends of the conduction detection power supply are conducted, the conduction detection power supply transmits a conduction signal to the processing machine tool. The invention automatically and accurately reserves the initial gap, plays a key role in ensuring the consistency of the appearance of the small hole inlet, and has good consistency and obvious effect on the processed small hole inlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electro-hydraulic beam machining, in particular to a device and a method for determining an electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position of a capillary electrode.
Background
The electrochemical hole making of the small hole generally adopts a capillary glass tube as an electrode, acid liquor forms a liquid beam through the electrode, and the metal workpiece is processed under the action of electrochemical anode dissolution. The cold working characteristics of electro-hydraulic beam machining ensure no recasting layer, no micro-crack and no heat affected zone on the machined surface of the metal in principle. In recent years, China has made a major breakthrough in the electro-hydraulic beam process and equipment key technologies, and electro-hydraulic beam processing process tests are performed on various metal materials and high-temperature alloy materials including directional crystallization and single crystal materials, so that the technical achievements have been widely applied.
The electro-hydraulic beam machining is different from other small hole special machining methods. The typical process of processing a hole by the electro-hydraulic beam is that an electrode nozzle quickly approaches a part, when a set initial gap is reached, the rapid feeding is switched to working feeding, and simultaneously a high-voltage power supply is switched on, and cutting begins; in the machining process, the selection of machining parameters is in accordance with the principle that the speed of removing metal by electro-hydraulic beam machining is accurately equal to the preset cutting feed speed, and the cutting action is carried out until the workpiece is penetrated continuously; stopping feeding when the small hole is processed and penetrated; continuing to perform dwell machining, during which time the portion of metal at the outlet that is tapered is machined away to obtain a straight bore of non-taper in length; and (5) after the stopping time is over, cutting off the power supply, and quickly withdrawing the electrode of the glass tube.
The starting position and the clearance level of the electro-hydraulic beam machining are directly related to the appearance of the central position and the machining inlet of the small hole. Wherein the initial clearance and the flaring state of the processing inlet are approximately in a proportional linear relationship. If the initial gap is too large, a large flare appears in the shape of a bell mouth, and if the initial gap is too small, the electrode and the workpiece touch due to the start of the work feed and no time for cutting.
However, the strength of the capillary glass tube adopted by the electro-hydraulic beam processing is poor, and the capillary glass tube is easy to damage when the position is detected by methods such as touch, ultrasonic detection and the like. The appearance of the inlet of the electro-hydraulic beam processing small hole is closely related to the control of the starting gap, and the starting position of the capillary electrode determines the central position error of the small hole.
In summary, how to provide a device and a method for determining an electrohydraulic beam machining starting position of a capillary electrode according to the characteristics of an electrohydraulic beam machining environment to realize accurate control of a machining position and a starting gap of a capillary glass tube so as to solve the problem that the center position deviation of an electrohydraulic beam machining small hole is inconsistent with the inlet morphology is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by a technical staff in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a device for determining an electric liquid beam machining starting position of a capillary electrode. The test probe records the space coordinate of the movement of the test probe by the processing machine tool in the moving process, and the determination of the capillary electrode electrohydraulic beam processing initial position is completed when the test probe is sensed by the conduction detection power supply to move to a small hole on the surface of a workpiece to be processed, so that the problem that the capillary electrode is fragile and difficult to accurately control the initial gap in the prior art, and the capillary electrode electrohydraulic beam processing initial position cannot be accurately positioned is solved.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a method for determining an electric liquid beam machining starting position of a capillary electrode. By adopting the capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position in the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the precision of the machining tool for controlling the starting gap between the capillary electrode and the workpiece to be machined is improved, and thus the machining efficiency and the machining quality are improved.
(2) Technical scheme
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for determining an electric-hydraulic beam machining start position of a capillary electrode, including: the test probe, the capillary electrode, the conduction detection power supply and the processing machine tool; the test probe and the capillary electrode are respectively arranged on the processing machine tool and move under the control of the processing machine tool; one power end of the conduction detection power supply is respectively connected with the test measuring head and the capillary electrode, and the other power end of the conduction detection power supply is connected with a workpiece to be processed; the processing machine tool is connected with the conduction detection power supply, and when two power supply ends of the conduction detection power supply are conducted, the conduction detection power supply transmits a conduction signal to the processing machine tool.
Further, the test probe and the capillary electrode are disposed vertically downward.
Further, the lower end of the test probe and the lower end of the capillary electrode are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Further, the test probe and the capillary electrode are positioned at the upper end of the workpiece to be processed.
Further, the workpiece to be processed is a conductive workpiece.
Further, the conduction detection power supply includes: the power supply and the signal detection and transmission circuit; one power end of the power supply is respectively connected with the test probe and the capillary electrode, and the other power end of the power supply is connected with the workpiece to be processed and used for providing electric energy when the test probe, the capillary electrode and the workpiece to be processed are in contact conduction; the signal detection and transmission circuit is connected with the processing machine tool and used for detecting the conduction state of the test measuring head or the capillary electrode when the test measuring head or the capillary electrode is in contact conduction with the workpiece to be processed and transmitting the conduction state to the processing machine tool.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining an electric liquid beam machining start position of a capillary electrode, including:
the method comprises the following steps: the processing machine tool records the relative position between the test probe and the capillary electrode;
step two: the processing machine tool horizontally moves the test measuring head to a reference position;
step three: the processing machine tool horizontally moves the test measuring head to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam processing small hole of the workpiece to be processed, and horizontal coordinate information of the center position relative to a reference position is recorded; then the machine tool controls the test probe to move in the vertical direction until the test probe contacts the workpiece to be processed, and the distance of the test probe moving in the vertical direction is recorded; then, the test measuring head returns to the position shown in the step one under the control of the processing machine tool;
step four: the machining tool calculates the relative position of the capillary electrode to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined; then controlling the capillary electrode to feed to the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined, and implementing the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the current small hole; and after the machining is finished, the capillary electrode is withdrawn to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined.
Further, the capillary electrode has an initial gap at a distance from the orifice when performing electro-hydraulic beam machining of the orifice.
Further, the method for determining the initial position of the capillary electrode further comprises the following steps:
step five: and repeating the first step to the fourth step to finish the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the plurality of small holes.
Further, the height of the test probe and the height of the capillary electrode in the vertical direction are larger than the bending height of the workpiece to be processed in the vertical direction.
(3) Advantageous effects
In conclusion, the invention provides a test probe which is determined by the relative position of the test probe and the starting position of the capillary electrode to obtain the optimal electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position aiming at the difficult problems that the electro-hydraulic beam machining capillary electrode is insulated, thin and fragile and cannot directly touch a workpiece to obtain the optimal electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position, when the test probe reaches the electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position, a conduction detection power supply is conducted to automatically transmit a conduction signal to a machine tool, then the machine tool automatically calculates the coordinate between the capillary electrode and the electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position according to the coordinate difference, the automatic accurate control of the capillary electrode position and the electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position is realized, the optimal gap is reserved by completely replacing manual operation, and the gap reservation can be very accurate, has small error and is beneficial to improving the electro-hydraulic beam machining precision and the consistency of results; finally, electro-hydraulic beam machining can be automatically carried out on a workpiece to be machined, and the working efficiency is high.
In addition, the invention can automatically and accurately reserve the initial gap between the capillary electrode and the workpiece to be processed, plays a key role in ensuring the consistency of the appearance of the small hole inlet, and has good consistency and obvious effect of the processed small hole inlet.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a capillary electrode initial position determining apparatus according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a capillary electrode initial position determination method according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another capillary electrode initial position determining apparatus according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a test probe 1, a capillary electrode 2, a workpiece to be processed 3, a liquid beam processing small hole center position 4, a conduction detection power supply 5, a processing machine tool 6, an X datum 7, a Y datum 8, a datum block 9, a metal probe 10, a nut 11, a connecting frame 12, a cathode mounting plate 13, a transfusion conductive sealing head 14, a capillary glass tube electrode 15 and a turbine fan blade 16.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-2, in conjunction with an embodiment.
The device for determining the capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached drawing 1, and comprises: the device comprises a test probe 1, a capillary electrode 2, a conduction detection power supply 5 and a processing machine tool 6; the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 are respectively arranged on the processing machine tool 6 and move under the control of the processing machine tool 6; one power end of the conduction detection power supply 5 is respectively connected with the test measuring head 1 and the capillary electrode 2, and the other power end of the conduction detection power supply 5 is connected with the workpiece 3 to be processed; the processing machine 6 is connected with the conduction detection power supply 5, and when two power supply ends of the conduction detection power supply 5 are conducted, the conduction signal is transmitted to the processing machine 6.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 are connected in parallel at one end of the conduction detection power supply 5, because the capillary electrode 2 is made of glass and is easy to break, and the test probe 1 is generally made of a material which is not easy to break and has good conductivity, the test probe 1 which is difficult to damage and has good conductivity is used for replacing the capillary electrode 2 to determine the initial position of the capillary electrode 2.
The specific working process can be as follows:
first, the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 are connected to the processing machine 6, and the position is recorded as the starting position, and the relative position between the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 can be known and is recorded as (X)1，Y1，Z1). Then, the processing machine 6 moves the test probe 1 to the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole center position 4 on the workpiece 3 to be processed, and the processing machine 6 can detect the distance from the starting position to the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole center position 4 of the test probe 1 in the moving process, and the assumption is (X)2，Y2，Z2). When the test measuring head 1 moves to the center position 4 of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole, the conduction detection power supply 5 is applied to the test measuring head 1, the voltage on the workpiece 3 to be machined is conducted, the conduction detection power supply 5 transmits a conduction signal to the machining tool 6 in the moment of conduction, the machining tool 6 stops driving the test measuring head 1 to move after receiving the conduction signal, and the machining tool 6 measures the distance from the starting position to the center position 4 of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole from the test measuring head 1, namely the distance (X) assumed in the front (2，Y2，Z2)。
Thus, it can be calculated that the same is in the start-upThe distance between the capillary electrode 2 and the center position 4 of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole at the position is as follows: relative position (X) of the capillary electrode 2 with respect to the starting position of the test probe 11，Y1，Z1) And the distance (X) from the starting position of the test probe 1 to the center position 4 of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole2，Y2，Z2) That is to say (X)1，Y1，Z1) Plus (X)2，Y2，Z2) Written as (X)1+X2，Y1+Y2，Z1+Z2)。
Meanwhile, in the actual electro-hydraulic beam machining, a certain gap is left between the capillary electrode 2 and the central position 4 of the small liquid beam machining hole in the Z direction (namely the vertical direction), and the size of the gap is directly related to the appearance of a machining inlet. Therefore, generally, the gap size (which may be referred to as δ) is directly inputted to the machining tool 6 by the operator in advance, and the machining tool 6 reserves the distance δ between the electrode tip of the capillary electrode 2 and the center position 4 of the liquid beam machining orifice when the capillary electrode 2 is driven, so that the initial position of the center position 4 of the liquid beam machining orifice and the position of the center position 4 of the liquid beam machining orifice are (X) and (y) as the positions of the center position 4 of the liquid beam machining orifice1+X2，Y1+Y2，Z1+Z2+δ)。
It should be noted that, the test probe 1 needs to contact with the workpiece 3 to be processed when reaching the central position 4 of the liquid beam processing small hole, so that the test probe 1 needs to have certain structural strength; meanwhile, the test probe 1 needs to have good conductivity, so the test probe 1 is generally made of conductive metal, such as iron, aluminum alloy, and the like, of course, the test probe 1 may be implemented in the case of implementing the functions of the embodiment of the present invention, and the material thereof should not be limited to the present application.
In addition, the starting position of the electric beam machining of the capillary electrode 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a position where the machining is started when the capillary electrode 2 reaches the center position 4 of the hydraulic beam machining orifice, and at this time, the capillary electrode 2 is located at a position delta above the center position 4 of the hydraulic beam machining orifice, that is, the capillary electrode 2 is moved from the starting position (X)1+X2，Y1+Y2，Z1+Z2+ δ) position after the distance.
Finally, when the capillary electrode 2 is moved from the activated position (X)1+X2，Y1+Y2，Z1+Z2+ δ) distance to the electric beam machining start position, it is possible to perform the electric beam machining operation. The embodiment of the invention provides a test probe 1 which is determined by the relative position with the starting position of the capillary electrode 2 to obtain the optimal electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position aiming at the difficult problems that the electro-hydraulic beam machining capillary electrode 2 is insulated, thin and fragile and can not directly touch a workpiece to obtain the optimal electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position, when the test probe 1 reaches the electric beam machining starting position, the conduction detection power supply 5 can automatically transmit a conduction signal to the machining tool 6, then the processing machine tool 6 automatically calculates the coordinates between the capillary electrode 2 and the electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position according to the coordinate difference, realizes the automatic accurate control of the capillary electrode 2 position and the electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position, completely replaces manual operation to reserve the optimal gap, the gap reservation can be very accurate, the error is small, and the electro-hydraulic beam machining precision and the result consistency can be improved; finally, electro-hydraulic beam machining can also be automatically performed on a plurality of small holes on a workpiece 3 to be machined.
Further, referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 may be disposed vertically downward. Generally, the capillary electrodes 2 are arranged vertically downwards in the liquid beam machining process, the test measuring head 1 is also kept vertically downwards as the capillary electrodes 2, on one hand, the installation is convenient, on the other hand, the machining tool 6 can calculate the relative position between the test measuring head 1 and the capillary electrodes 2, and therefore the distance from the starting position of the capillary electrodes 2 to the starting position of the liquid beam machining process is convenient to calculate.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the lower end of the test probe 1 and the lower end of the capillary electrode 2 in the embodiment of the present invention are located on the same horizontal plane. When the lower end of the test probe 1 and the lower end of the capillary electrode 2 are on the same horizontal plane, there is no coordinate difference between the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 in the vertical direction at the starting positionValue, i.e. Z, as described above1When the coordinate difference is 0, X is the horizontal coordinate difference1≠0，Y1Not equal to 0, corresponding to X in FIG. 11Is DeltaX, Y1Is Δ Y. When the test probe 1 moves from the start position to the center position 4 of the liquid beam processing small hole, the test probe needs to move in the vertical direction Z, and at this time, the distance moved in the vertical direction is the distance moved by the capillary electrode 2 in the vertical direction only by adding the preset gap δ. The lower end of the test probe 1 and the lower end of the capillary electrode 2 are located on the same horizontal plane, so that the machining tool 6 can calculate the distance from the starting position to the electric-hydraulic beam machining starting position of the capillary electrode 2 conveniently.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, a test probe 1 and a capillary electrode 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention are located at an upper end of a workpiece 3 to be processed. Therefore, the processing machine tool 6 can be conveniently moved, and the distance between the processing machine tool and the workpiece 3 to be processed can be conveniently calculated.
Further, the workpiece 3 to be processed in the embodiment of the present invention is a conductive workpiece. When the test probe 1 contacts with the workpiece 3 to be processed, the voltage applied to the test probe 1 and the workpiece 3 to be processed by the conduction detection power supply 5 forms a loop, and the conduction detection power supply 5 transmits a conduction signal to the processing machine tool 6, so that the processing machine tool 6 stops the motion of the test probe 1, and the test probe 1 is prevented from being damaged after the test probe 1 continues to move and the position is influenced.
As a further apparatus for determining an electrohydraulic-beam machining start position of a capillary electrode according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the determining apparatus further includes: the power supply and the signal detection and transmission circuit; one power end of the power supply is respectively connected with the test measuring head 1 and the capillary electrode 2, and the other power end of the power supply is connected with the workpiece 3 to be processed and used for providing electric energy when the test measuring head 1, the capillary electrode 2 and the workpiece 3 to be processed are in contact conduction; the signal detection and transmission circuit is connected with the processing machine tool 6 and used for detecting the conduction state when the test measuring head 1 or the capillary electrode 2 is in contact conduction with the workpiece 3 to be processed and transmitting the conduction state to the processing machine tool 6, and the processing machine tool 6 records the position information of the test measuring head 1 at the moment and controls the test measuring head 1 to stop moving.
It should be noted here that the signal detection and transmission circuit may adopt a known circuit structure, and may detect the short circuit of the loop between the test probe 1 or the capillary electrode 2 and the workpiece 3 to be processed by detecting the current of the power supply, and when the current exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the test probe 1 or the capillary electrode 2 is conducted with the workpiece 3 to be processed, so that it may transmit a conduction signal (which may be a high level or a low level) to the processing machine tool 6, and when receiving the conduction signal (which may be a high level or a low level), the control system of the processing machine tool 6 may easily know that the test probe 1 or the capillary electrode 2 and the workpiece 3 to be processed are in an on-off state.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a method for determining an electric beam machining start position of a capillary electrode 2 using the apparatus for determining an electric beam machining start position of a capillary electrode 2 according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the method comprises the following steps: the processing machine 6 records the relative position between the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2;
step two: the processing machine tool 6 horizontally moves the test probe 1 to a reference position;
step three: the processing machine tool 6 horizontally moves the test measuring head 1 to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam processing small hole of the workpiece to be processed, and records the horizontal coordinate information of the center position relative to the reference position; then the processing machine tool 6 controls the test probe 1 to move in the vertical direction until the test probe contacts the workpiece 3 to be processed, and records the movement distance of the test probe 1 in the vertical direction; subsequently, the test probe 1 returns to the position shown in the step one under the control of the processing machine 6;
step four: the machining tool 6 calculates the relative position of the capillary electrode 2 relative to the center position 4 of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece 3 to be machined; then controlling the capillary electrode 2 to feed to the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece 3 to be machined, and implementing the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the current small hole; after the machining is finished, the capillary electrode 2 retracts to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for determining a machining start position according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, in which, as shown in fig. 1, a test probe 1 and a capillary electrode 2 may be connected to a machining tool 6 and initially located at a start position, in which case, lower end portions of the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 may be adjusted to be at the same position at a Z position, and a difference between coordinates of the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 at a position in a direction X, Y, that is, △ x and △ y, in which case △ x and △ y are known and stored in the machining tool 6, the test probe 1 and a workpiece 3 to be machined are respectively connected to a power supply of a conduction detection power supply 5, and a signal detection transmission circuit of the conduction detection power supply 5 is connected to the machining.
The processing machine tool 6 can control the test probe 1 to move along the X, Y direction in sequence, and after the test probe 1 touches the X datum 7, the current X coordinate is taken as the X datum (recorded as X)0) After the test probe 1 touches the Y reference 8, the current Y coordinate is used as the Y reference (recorded as Y)0)。
Subsequently, the machining tool 6 controls the test probe 1 to move above the center position 4 of the liquid beam machining small hole, assuming that the coordinate at the center position 4 of the liquid beam machining small hole is (X)1，Y1) That is, the test probe 1 moves in the direction X, Y by X distances1-X0、Y1-Y0。
Then, the test probe 1 moves downwards along the Z direction of the processing machine tool 6 at the position, and after contacting the surface of the workpiece 3 to be processed, the signal detection and transmission circuit of the detection power supply 5 is switched on to obtain a touch signal, a detection success signal is output to the processing machine tool 6, the processing machine tool 6 sends out an instruction, and the test probe 1 returns to the starting position. At the same time, the processing machine 6 records X, Y, Z coordinate value X of the touch position1、Y1、Z1The Z coordinate value is automatically subtracted by an initial gap delta (Z)2＝Z1Delta) and converting X1、Y1、Z2Automatically assigned to the machining program of the machining tool 6, this position is then the starting position for the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the capillary electrode 2.
After the test probe 1 retracts, the processing machine 6 automatically sends out X, Y shaft movement commands, and the capillary tubeThe tip of the electrode 2 is moved △ X, △ y to the position where the test probe 1 first stays (i.e. the position of the test probe 1 shown in the first step), and then the capillary electrode 2 touches the X reference 7 and then takes the current X coordinate as the X reference (recorded as X)0) After the capillary electrode 2 touches the Y reference 8, the current Y coordinate is used as the Y reference (recorded as Y)0). Refeed X1、Y1、Z2And after the position is reached, the electric-hydraulic beam machining of the current hole is started at the initial position of the electric-hydraulic beam machining of the capillary electrode 2, and the capillary electrode 2 automatically returns after the machining is finished.
Finally, the steps are repeated, and the processing task of a plurality of small holes on the workpiece 3 to be processed can be completed.
It should be noted that the starting position in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a position where the electric beam machining of the capillary electrode 2 starts, and is not a position where the step in the method shown in the embodiment of the present invention starts.
The embodiment of the invention aims at the difficult problems that a capillary electrode 2 is insulated, thin and fragile and cannot directly touch a workpiece 3 to be processed to obtain the optimal electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position in electro-hydraulic beam processing, provides a test measuring head 1 which is determined by the relative position of the starting position of the capillary electrode 2 to replace the capillary electrode 2 to obtain the optimal electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position of the capillary electrode 2, when the test measuring head 1 reaches the electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position, a conduction detection power supply 5 can automatically transmit a conduction signal to a processing machine tool 6, then the processing machine tool 6 automatically calculates the coordinate between the capillary electrode 2 and the electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position according to the coordinate difference, realizes the automatic accurate control of the capillary electrode 2 position and the electro-hydraulic beam processing initial position, and realizes the accurate recording of a touch signal in a way that the processing machine tool 6 receives a circuit conduction signal, the mobile position information is accurately recorded, the optimal gap can be reserved by completely replacing manual operation, the gap reservation can be very accurate, the error is small, and the accuracy of electro-hydraulic beam machining and the consistency of results are improved; finally, electro-hydraulic beam machining can also be automatically performed on a plurality of small holes on a workpiece 3 to be machined.
Specifically, the capillary electrode 2 has a starting gap δ at a certain distance from the orifice when performing the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the orifice. As mentioned above, the capillary electrode 2 generally needs to maintain a certain initial gap δ with the small hole of the workpiece 3 to be processed during the electro-hydraulic beam processing, so the initial gap δ is set as a space gap that must be reserved for the electro-hydraulic beam processing, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the electro-hydraulic beam processing.
Further, as a method for determining a capillary electrode electrohydraulic beam machining starting position according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes the fifth step: and repeating the first step to the fourth step to finish the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the plurality of small holes. Generally, the workpiece 3 to be processed has a plurality of small holes to be processed by the electro-hydraulic beam, and the electro-hydraulic beam processing task of the plurality of small holes on the workpiece 3 to be processed can be rapidly and automatically completed by repeating the steps from one step to the fourth step, so that the processing speed and efficiency can be improved.
Further, the lower ends of the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 are higher than the bending height of the workpiece 3 to be processed in the vertical direction. Therefore, the test probe 1 and the capillary electrode 2 can be conveniently moved randomly in the X and Y directions without touching the workpiece 3 to be processed, and smooth processing of the electro-hydraulic beam is facilitated.
Specifically, according to the apparatus for determining the capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining start position provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the method for determining the capillary electrode 2 electro-hydraulic beam machining start position provided in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, an engine turbine blade 16 is machined, and a set of parameters of the turbine blade 16 to be machined are as follows:
material for processing turbine blades 16: DD6 single crystal casting alloy
Diameter of the machining section of the capillary electrode 2: phi 0.31mm
Processing a medium: 18% HNO3 aqueous solution
Processing voltage: 120V
Set machining start clearance δ: 0.3mm
Processing feed speed: 3.0mm/min
The specific machining determining device and the determining method are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the capillary glass tube electrode 15 (i.e. the capillary electrode 2 in the above embodiment) is fixed on the conductive seal head 14 of the processing machine 6, the metal probe 10 (i.e. the test probe 1 in the above embodiment) is fixed on the connection frame 12 of the processing machine 6, the conductive seal head 14 and the connection frame 12 are both connected with the cathode mounting plate 13 of the processing machine 6, the capillary glass tube electrode 15 and the metal probe 10 form a fixed X, Y-direction positional relationship, and the X, Y coordinate difference values are △ x and △ y. respectively, the metal probe 10 can be adjusted in up-down position by adjusting the nut 11, so that the Z-direction positions of the end of the metal probe 10 and the end of the capillary glass tube electrode 15 are equal.
After a small hole processing program of the processing machine tool 6 is started, the cathode mounting plate 13 of the machine tool moves in the direction X, Y respectively to enable the metal measuring head 10 and the X, Y of the reference block 9 to touch the two sides, and after a touch signal is acquired, the current coordinate (x) is recorded0，y0)。
Subsequently, the metal measuring head 10 moves in the reverse direction X, Y by the distance x respectively1-x0、y1-y0The end of the metal probe 10 is positioned at the center (x) of the small hole1，y1) In the upper position of (a).
Then, the metal measuring head 10 automatically approaches to the workpiece 3 to be processed along the Z direction, and a signal contacting with the surface of the workpiece is acquired; after the touch signal appears, the system records the coordinate touch position 1 (x)1，y1，z1) And automatically subtracting the set machining start gap delta (Z) from the Z coordinate value2＝z1- δ) as position 2 (x)1，y1，z2) And then automatically assigning the numerical value of the position 2 to a machining program to determine the initial machining position.
Subsequently, the cathode mounting plate 13 of the machining tool 6 is retracted to the start position, and the X, Y is moved △ x and △ y, respectively, to displace the capillary glass tube electrode 15 to the position of the metal gauge 10 (x)1，y1). At this point, the positioning of the glass tube electrode and the initial gap control process are completed.
Finally, the capillary glass tube electrode 15 is automatically brought into position 2 (x) by the machine tool 61，y1，z2) According to automatic settingThe machining start clearance δ starts machining.
Table 1 shows the inlet morphology and the drift diameter of the small hole processed by the capillary electrode 2 electro-hydraulic beam processing start position determining apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention using the start position determining method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 1 automatic control of small hole machining size by machining starting gap
| Serial number | Bore diameter | Maximum size of flare | |
| 1 | Ф0. | Ф0.55mm | |
| 2 | Ф0. | Ф0.56mm | |
| 3 | Ф0.41mm | Ф0.56mm | |
| 4 | Ф0. | Ф0.57mm | |
| 5 | Ф0. | Ф0.54mm | |
| 6 | Ф0.40mm | Ф0.55mm | |
| 7 | Ф0.39mm | Ф0.54mm | |
| 8 | Ф0. | Ф0.56mm | |
| 9 | Ф0. | Ф0.55mm | |
| 10 | Ф0. | Ф0.56mm | |
| 11 | Ф0. | Ф0.56mm | |
| 12 | Ф0. | Ф0.55mm | |
| 13 | Ф0. | Ф0.55mm | |
| 14 | Ф0. | Ф0.53mm | |
| 15 | Ф0. | Ф0.55mm | |
| 16 | Ф0.40mm | Ф0.55mm | |
| 17 | Ф0.41mm | Ф0.56mm | |
| 18 | Ф0.39mm | Ф0.55mm | |
| 19 | Ф0.41mm | Ф0.56mm | |
| 20 | Ф0.39mm | Ф0.55mm |
With the processing procedure of the above embodiment, the starting position of the capillary electrode 2 can be automatically determined, and the starting gap δ of the capillary electrode 2 can be automatically reserved. After the processing of the embodiment, the flaring size of the small hole is between 0.54mm and 0.57, and the consistency error is 0.03 mm. The device for determining the electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position of the capillary electrode 2 can automatically determine the electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position of the capillary electrode 2, automatically and accurately reserve the initial gap delta, play a critical role in ensuring the consistency of the appearance of the small hole inlet, and ensure good consistency and remarkable effect of the machined small hole inlet.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a capillary electrode electricity liquid beam machining initial position's confirming device which characterized in that includes: the test probe, the capillary electrode, the conduction detection power supply and the processing machine tool;
the test probe and the capillary electrode are respectively arranged on the processing machine tool and move under the control of the processing machine tool;
one power end of the conduction detection power supply is respectively connected with the test measuring head and the capillary electrode, and the other power end of the conduction detection power supply is connected with a workpiece to be processed;
the processing machine tool is connected with the conduction detection power supply, and when two power supply ends of the conduction detection power supply are conducted, the conduction detection power supply transmits a conduction signal to the processing machine tool.
2. The apparatus for determining the starting position of capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining according to claim 1, wherein the test probe and the capillary electrode are disposed vertically downward.
3. The apparatus for determining the starting position of capillary electrode electric-hydraulic beam machining according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower end of the test probe and the lower end of the capillary electrode are on the same horizontal plane.
4. The apparatus for determining the electrochemical machining start position of the capillary electrode according to claim 3, wherein the test probe and the capillary electrode are located at the upper end of the workpiece to be machined.
5. The apparatus for determining the capillary electrode electrohydraulic beam machining start position according to claim 1, wherein said workpiece to be machined is an electrically conductive workpiece.
6. The apparatus for determining the capillary electrode electrohydraulic beam machining start position according to claim 1, wherein said conduction detection power supply includes: the power supply and the signal detection and transmission circuit; one power end of the power supply is respectively connected with the test probe and the capillary electrode, and the other power end of the power supply is connected with the workpiece to be processed and used for providing electric energy when the test probe, the capillary electrode and the workpiece to be processed are in contact conduction; the signal detection and transmission circuit is connected with the processing machine tool and used for detecting the conduction state of the test measuring head or the capillary electrode when the test measuring head or the capillary electrode is in contact conduction with the workpiece to be processed and transmitting the conduction state to the processing machine tool.
7. A method for determining a capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining start position, which employs the capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining start position determining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
the method comprises the following steps: the processing machine tool records the relative position between the test probe and the capillary electrode;
step two: the processing machine tool horizontally moves the test measuring head to a reference position;
step three: the processing machine tool horizontally moves the test measuring head to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam processing small hole of the workpiece to be processed, and horizontal coordinate information of the center position relative to a reference position is recorded; then the machine tool controls the test probe to move in the vertical direction until the test probe contacts the workpiece to be processed, and the distance of the test probe moving in the vertical direction is recorded; then, the test measuring head returns to the position shown in the step one under the control of the processing machine tool;
step four: the machining tool calculates the relative position of the capillary electrode to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined; then controlling the capillary electrode to feed to the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined, and implementing the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the current small hole; and after the machining is finished, the capillary electrode is withdrawn to the center position of the electro-hydraulic beam machining small hole of the workpiece to be machined.
8. The method for determining the starting position of the capillary electrode in the electro-hydraulic beam machining according to claim 7, wherein the capillary electrode has a starting gap with a certain distance from the small hole when the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the small hole is performed.
9. The method for determining the capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position according to claim 7, wherein the method for determining the capillary electrode starting position further comprises the following steps:
step five: and repeating the first step to the fourth step to finish the electro-hydraulic beam machining of the plurality of small holes.
10. The method for determining the capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining starting position according to claim 7, wherein the height of the test probe and the capillary electrode in the vertical direction is larger than the bending height of the workpiece to be machined in the vertical direction.
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| CN114147304A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-08 | 上海交通大学 | Laser-assisted glass capillary tube electrolytic composite processing method |
| CN116000391A (en) * | 2023-01-07 | 2023-04-25 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electro-hydraulic beam processing electrode shadow calibration and adjustment device and method |
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