CN110716026B - Closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring carbon flux of soil - Google Patents
Closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring carbon flux of soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110716026B CN110716026B CN201911007164.6A CN201911007164A CN110716026B CN 110716026 B CN110716026 B CN 110716026B CN 201911007164 A CN201911007164 A CN 201911007164A CN 110716026 B CN110716026 B CN 110716026B
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004158 soil respiration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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Abstract
A closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring carbon flux of soil comprises a movable cylinder cover (13) and a cylinder body (19), wherein a sealing ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, an exhaust pipe insertion hole is formed in the cylinder cover, and the cylinder body consists of an upper fixed cylinder body (1) and a lower fixed cylinder bodyThe movable cylinder body (2) and an elastic sleeve (7) sleeved outside the movable cylinder body and the elastic sleeve are combined. The fixed cylinder is provided with a key slot hole (3) and a convex shaft (6), the movable cylinder is formed by a plurality of sliding sheets (8) in a surrounding way, the sliding sheets are provided with sliding keys (4) provided with annular grooves (10), and elastic ropes (5) are tied in the sliding keys and the convex shaft one by one at intervals in a wave-shaped trend. The cylinder is used for measuring the carbon flux of soil and producing CO2The special cylinder for gas storage and measurement has the advantages of good sealing performance, strong representativeness of the collected and stored gas, high accuracy and strong adaptability to the same land conditions on different ground surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a core component in a soil carbon flux measuring device, in particular to soil in a certain area and CO released by animals such as plant roots, microorganisms, earthworms and the like2The reflected gas storage measuring cylinder in the carbon flux measuring device.
Background
Carbon flux is one of the most basic concepts in carbon cycle research and represents the total amount of carbon elements that an ecosystem passes through a certain ecological profile. The soil carbon flux can well reflect soil respiration and relevant parameters thereof, and has an important effect on researching the carbon circulation of a land ecosystem, so that the soil carbon flux needs to be measured continuously and accurately for a long time, and a closed condition needs to be created as much as possible in an environment which is difficult to meet the closed requirement so as to reduce the measurement error, thereby bringing high requirements on a measuring device, in particular a gas storage measuring cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a storage measuring cylinder). The existing related soil carbon flux measuring devices do not pay attention to the problem of sealing as much as possible, and the extracted measuring gas has poor representativeness and larger error.
Such as: CN209132271U, CN209132270U, CN209132272U, and CN209132273U disclose a carbon flux monitoring device and a patent technology of key components thereof, the device has a base, an installation flat plate and a support plate, the installation flat plate is provided with a monitoring hole, a sealing ring is arranged around the hole, and two cover bodies are respectively covered and buckled on the sealing ring around the monitoring hole through the transmission of multiple links such as a hinge, a motor, a driving arm, a bent arm straight arm, an elastic straight arm, a front fork arm, a rear fork arm and the like. The cover body has a certain height from the ground to be measured, the air in the air chamber in the cover body flows very smoothly with the outside atmosphere, the windy weather is particularly prominent, the representativeness of the extracted sample gas is poor, the error is extremely large, and the sealing ring is in the same nominal shape. The transmission device for exchanging and applying the two cover bodies of the device has too many links, three-dimensional movement, easy damage, difficult joint closing and poor sealing property.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a gas storage measuring cylinder which is applicable to a not-even ground surface with a lower opening of the gas storage measuring cylinder in contact with the ground surface to be measured, has good sealing property, can represent the actual condition of a gas sample, has small error of measured parameters and high accuracy.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring the carbon flux of the soil comprises a movable cylinder cover and a gas storage measuring cylinder, wherein the movable cylinder cover is a circular flat plate cylinder cover, an exhaust pipe jack is arranged on the cylinder cover, a sealing ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, and the gas storage measuring cylinder is formed by combining an upper fixed cylinder body, a lower movable cylinder body and a thin elastic sleeve sleeved outside the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body; the inner wall of the fixed cylinder is provided with a plurality of longitudinal key groove holes and protruding shafts which are circumferentially arranged and used as directional slideways, the movable cylinder is formed by encircling a plurality of arc-shaped surface sliding sheets which are longitudinally circumferentially arranged, wherein the number of the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets is equal to that of the longitudinal key groove holes, the fixed cylinder wall and the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets of the movable cylinder are rigid sheets with certain thickness, the upper part of each arc-shaped surface sliding sheet is provided with a sliding key, the sliding key is provided with a ring groove used for positioning the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet and an elastic rope, and after being inserted into the longitudinal key groove holes, the two ring grooves are provided with two clamping rings to clamp the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets and the elastic rope, so that the; a convex shaft for winding elastic ropes is arranged below the position between every two longitudinal key groove holes, and the elastic ropes are wound on the sliding keys and the convex shaft one by one at intervals in a wavy walking direction.
The part of the upper fixed cylinder close to the lower part and the part of the lower movable cylinder close to the upper part are mutually attached in the middle of the whole gas storage measuring cylinder, and the attaching part is an annular belt-shaped area, and the width of the attaching part is 2/3-3/4 of the length of the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet; the sliding key is matched with the longitudinal key groove-shaped hole, the inner wall of an arc-shaped surface sliding sheet with the sliding key is tightly attached to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder body provided with the longitudinal key groove-shaped hole, and each sliding key is inserted into each corresponding longitudinal key groove-shaped hole.
The lower edge of the arc-shaped surface sliding piece is in contact with the ground and is a straight edge or a sawtooth edge, the lower edge is longer than 1cm and is a sawtooth edge, and the lower edge is shorter than 1cm and is a straight edge.
The thickness of the rigid fixed cylinder and the arc-shaped sliding sheet is 2-4mm made of bamboo or hard plastic materials, and the thickness of the metallic sliding sheet is 1-2 mm.
The invention has the advantages that the whole technical scheme focuses on the sealing performance of multiple links, so that the obtained gas sample is not interfered by the atmosphere as much as possible, the actual requirements are objectively met, the representativeness is strong, the error is small, and the accuracy is high; the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet of the movable barrel is stretched up and down or slightly pressed to the barrel edge by an elastic rope according to the flatness of the ground of a sample plot and the condition of whether the sliding sheet touches coarse sand grains, small stones, leaves or small firewood sticks, so that the small sticks and the small stones are clamped in the sawtooth edge of the lower edge to be avoided, the rest small gaps are enclosed and sealed by the elastic sleeve at the outermost layer, and the adaptability to the ground in different states is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural perspective view of the storage and measurement cylinder of the present invention in a non-operating state.
Fig. 2 is a structural axial view of the storage and measurement cylinder in a working state.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view (enlarged) of an arc-face slider structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the position of the storage and measurement cylinder in the whole measurement device and the three-dimensional structure thereof.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples with reference to the drawings. Considering that the cylinder can not be used for storing gas and measuring independently, the whole structure and the working process of the whole measuring device need to be described, the structure, the position and the working process of the cylinder are displayed, and therefore the whole device is described.
Referring to fig. 4, the cylinder is installed in the whole soil carbon flux measuring device, the whole measuring device comprises a base 12, a frame 16 installed on the base, a storage measuring cylinder 19, a movable cylinder cover 13 with a sealing ring at the upper opening of the storage measuring cylinder, an exhaust pipe jack opened on the cylinder cover, and matched moving devices 15 and 18, a sensor and a system control microcomputer on the cylinder cover. Referring to fig. 1-3, the storage and measurement cylinder is composed of an upper fixed cylinder 1, a lower movable cylinder 2 and a thin elastic sleeve 7 which is sleeved outside the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder; the inner wall of the fixed cylinder is provided with a plurality of longitudinal key groove holes 3 and protruding shafts 6 which are circumferentially arranged and used as directional slideways, the movable cylinder 2 is formed by encircling a plurality of arc-shaped surface sliding sheets 8 which are longitudinally circumferentially arranged and have the same number as the longitudinal key groove holes, the fixed cylinder wall and the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets of the movable cylinder are rigid sheets with certain thickness, the upper part of each arc-shaped surface sliding sheet is provided with a sliding key 4, the sliding key is provided with two annular grooves 10 used for positioning the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets 8 and elastic ropes 5, the sliding key is inserted into the longitudinal key groove holes, and the two annular grooves are provided with two clamping rings for clamping the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets and the elastic ropes to form an up-down sliding and guiding part of the arc-shaped; a convex shaft 6 for winding an elastic rope 5 is arranged below the position between every two longitudinal key groove holes 3, and the elastic ropes are wound on the sliding keys 4 and the convex shafts 6 one by one at intervals in a wave-shaped trend; three supporting legs 11 are arranged below the base, wherein one supporting leg is a height-adjustable supporting leg, and the free end of the supporting leg can be changed into a cone shape or a multi-needle shape; the center of the cylinder cover is provided with a lifting adjusting screw rod and a matched fixed nut and a servo motor 17 to form a gas storage cylinder cover lifting device 15, the other servo motor 17 is arranged beside the cylinder cover, and is provided with a slide way 20, a sliding plate 21, a power transmission device and a limiter 14 to form a gas storage cylinder cover translation device 18, and the base 12 is provided with a positioning hole for mounting a gas storage cylinder body 19; the stopper 14 comprises an upper stopper, a lower stopper, a left stopper and a right stopper; the sensors are connected in series on the air extraction pipeline one by one and are selected according to requirementsThe sensor is CO2Sensors, gas pressure sensors, gas flow sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors.
The part of the upper fixed gas storage cylinder body 1 close to the lower part and the part of the lower movable cylinder body 2 close to the upper part are mutually attached in the middle of the whole gas storage and measurement cylinder body, the attachment part is an annular belt-shaped area, and the width of the attachment part is 2/3-3/4 of the length of the arc-shaped surface slide sheet 8; the sliding key is matched with the longitudinal key groove holes, the inner wall of an arc-shaped surface sliding sheet 8 with the sliding key 4 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 1 with the longitudinal key groove holes 3, and each sliding key 4 is inserted into each corresponding longitudinal key groove hole 3.
The lower edge of the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet 8 is a straight edge or a sawtooth edge 9, the length of the lower edge is more than 1cm and is a sawtooth edge, and the length of the lower edge is less than 1cm and is a straight edge.
The thickness of the rigid fixed cylinder 1 and the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet 8 is 2-4mm made of bamboo or hard plastic materials, and the thickness of the metal is 1-2 mm.
When the whole soil carbon flux measuring device works, the components of the storage cylinder are assembled into a complete cylinder according to the figure 1, then the components are assembled into a complete measuring device according to the figure 4, and finally the soil CO is used as the basis2The position of the sample plot is measured, the device is manually placed on the selected position, the supporting feet are adjusted to the high position, the storage and measurement cylinder body is pressed to be in contact with the ground, then the supporting feet 11 with adjustable height are adjusted until each foot is in good contact with the surface of the sample plot, the original state of the sample plot is not influenced as much as possible, the ground to be measured is perpendicular to the central shaft of the storage and measurement cylinder body 19, the whole device reaches a stable state, and then the elastic sleeve 7 which is originally coiled into a circular ring shape is unfolded downwards and sequentially sleeved outside the fixed cylinder body 1 and the movable cylinder body 2, and a gap between the movable cylinder body 2 and the ground is covered. Starting a power supply, transversely translating the movable cylinder cover 13 according to a program, controlling the movable cylinder cover to move to a reasonable position by the limiting devices 14 at two sides, then moving the cylinder cover 13 downwards, stopping when reaching the position of a sealing ring at the bottom of the air cylinder cover controlled by the lower positioning device, starting an air pump, pumping air from the air cylinder, and finishing the second step after reaching the set timeSampling was performed 1 time. If the sampling is needed to be continued, the cylinder cover lifting motor 17 is started again, the cylinder cover is lifted to the upper limit device, then the transverse moving motor is started to the right limit device, the sampling is carried out for 2 rd and 3 rd 3 … times according to the steps after the natural ventilation is carried out for a certain time, and all the sampling of the measuring point is completed. CO measured by sensor under the instruction of microcomputer2The data such as content and the like are displayed by a display.
Each arc-shaped surface sliding sheet 8 in the movable cylinder body 2 of the storage and measurement cylinder 19 slides up and down under the combined action of the longitudinal key groove hole 3, the sliding key 4 and the elastic rope 5 as long as the sliding sheet touches a firewood stick, sand grains, stones or even rocks when the lower edge of the sliding sheet contacts the ground. If the sand grains are small and the firewood sticks are thin, the lower edge of the sawtooth edge 9 can be avoided by slightly moving; if the ground surface meets the convex hull or the concave pit, the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet aligned to the convex hull or the concave pit can be lifted or pressed down together, so that the ground surface with various barriers can be better sealed. The thin elastic sheath 7 is required to be thin, mainly to control the magnitude of the inward contraction elastic force when the sheath is outside the storage cylinder 19, the inward contraction elastic force will wrap the arc-shaped sliding sheet too tightly, so that the pulling force of the elastic rope will not move or the arc-shaped sliding sheet is difficult to reset. The lifting device 15 and the translation device 18 of the cartridge cover 13 are well-known and commonly used components, which are not described in detail; the mounting of the sensor and the stop is common knowledge and the modular layout of the circuit distribution has been disclosed in the above mentioned reference, belonging to the prior art and not repeated.
The arc-shaped surface sliding sheets 8 of the fixed cylinder 1 and the movable cylinder 2 require rigid material manufacture and have certain thickness, and besides the requirements of firmness and durability, the problems that when an elastic sleeve outside the cylinder is downwards unfolded and sleeved on the movable cylinder at the lower part, the rigidity, the certain thickness and a joint area with the width of 2/3-3/4 of the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets are needed to be considered, and the movable cylinder can be ensured to be in a regular cylindrical shape are mainly solved. The attachment area is in the form of an annular band. The invention focuses on the multi-link sealing of the cylinder, which comprises the sealing of a sealing ring on the bottom surface of a cylinder cover to the upper opening of the cylinder, the sealing of an elastic outer sleeve to a longitudinal key slot hole, the sealing of a contact gap between an arc-shaped surface slip sheet and an arc-shaped surface slip sheet, and the sealing of a ground contact gap between a movable cylinder 2 and the ground, in a sentence: all gaps are sealed, leaving only the pores of the soil sponge structure itself, which cannot be sealed or sealed. The arc-shaped surface sliding sheet capable of sliding up and down is arranged, so that when stones with different sizes are touched in the ground contact seam, a measuring device can be placed stably, and the cylinder can be adjusted to be vertical to the ground through the central shaft, which are not disclosed in the prior art.
Claims (4)
1. A closed type gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring soil carbon flux comprises a movable cylinder cover (13) and a gas storage measuring cylinder (19), wherein the movable cylinder cover is a circular flat plate cylinder cover, an exhaust pipe jack is arranged on the cylinder cover, and a sealing ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover, and the closed type gas storage measuring cylinder is characterized in that the gas storage measuring cylinder is formed by combining an upper fixed cylinder body (1), a lower movable cylinder body (2) and thin elastic sleeves (7) sleeved outside the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body; the inner wall of the fixed cylinder is provided with a plurality of longitudinal key groove holes (3) and protruding shafts (6) which are circumferentially arranged and used as directional slideways, the movable cylinder is formed by encircling a plurality of arc-shaped surface sliding sheets (8) which are longitudinally circumferentially arranged and equal in number to the longitudinal key groove holes, the fixed cylinder wall and the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets of the movable cylinder are rigid sheets with certain thickness, the upper part of each arc-shaped surface sliding sheet is provided with a sliding key (4), the sliding key is provided with annular grooves (10) for positioning the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets (8) and elastic ropes (5), and after being inserted into the longitudinal key groove holes, the sliding keys are provided with two clamping rings on the two annular grooves to clamp the arc-shaped surface sliding sheets and the elastic ropes so as to form an up-down sliding and guiding part of the; a protruding shaft (6) for winding elastic ropes (5) is arranged below the position between every two longitudinal key groove holes (3), and the elastic ropes are wound on the sliding keys (4) and the protruding shaft (6) one by one at intervals in a wave-shaped walking direction.
2. The closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring the carbon flux in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein a part of the upper fixed cylinder (1) close to the lower part and a part of the lower movable cylinder (2) close to the upper part are mutually jointed in the middle of the whole gas storage measuring cylinder (19), and the jointing part is an annular belt-shaped area, and the width of the jointing part is 2/3-3/4 of the length of the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet (8); the sliding key is matched with the longitudinal key groove hole, the inner wall of an arc-shaped surface sliding sheet (8) with the sliding key is tightly attached to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (1) provided with the longitudinal key groove hole (3), and each sliding key (4) is inserted into each corresponding longitudinal key groove hole (3).
3. The closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring the carbon flux in the soil according to claim 1, wherein the lower edge of the arc-shaped surface sliding sheet (8) is a straight edge or a sawtooth edge (9) when contacting the ground, the length of the lower edge is more than 1cm and is the sawtooth edge, and the length of the lower edge is less than 1cm and is the straight edge.
4. The closed gas storage measuring cylinder for measuring the carbon flux in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the rigid fixed cylinder body (1) and the arc-shaped sliding sheet (8) is 2-4mm made of bamboo or hard plastic materials, and the thickness of the metallic sliding sheet is 1-2 mm.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103616496A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-05 | 江苏大学 | Method for measuring soil CO2 flux tidal flat wetland during early and later intertidal periods |
| CN110095589A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-06 | 福建师范大学地理研究所 | A kind of ground, underground Carbon flux synchronous experiments equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2748811B1 (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1998-08-14 | Inst Nat Environnement Ind | GAS SURFACE FLOW MEASUREMENT |
| US5820470A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 1998-10-13 | Saunders; Gregory | Portable modular playing arena |
| US7748253B2 (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2010-07-06 | Li-Cor, Inc. | Vent and soil flux measurement system |
| CN103197048B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2015-11-18 | 北京萨维福特科技有限公司 | Pneumatic type soil gas device for measuring flux and measuring method thereof |
| CN207248577U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-04-17 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Forest soil respiration sampler |
| CN107478801A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-12-15 | 赵明春 | A kind of intelligent soil gas flux monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN208060240U (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-06 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of portable soil gas flux sampling apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103616496A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-05 | 江苏大学 | Method for measuring soil CO2 flux tidal flat wetland during early and later intertidal periods |
| CN110095589A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-06 | 福建师范大学地理研究所 | A kind of ground, underground Carbon flux synchronous experiments equipment |
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