CN111947548A - Method for monitoring radial growth of karst forest trees - Google Patents
Method for monitoring radial growth of karst forest trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN111947548A CN111947548A CN202010795538.1A CN202010795538A CN111947548A CN 111947548 A CN111947548 A CN 111947548A CN 202010795538 A CN202010795538 A CN 202010795538A CN 111947548 A CN111947548 A CN 111947548A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for monitoring radial growth of karst forest trees, which comprises the following steps: sampling a karst forest to be monitored; prefabricating strip steel belts with different specifications, and preparing springs with different specifications and corresponding to the steel belts one by one for later use; step three, a notch is formed in the top of one end of the extracted steel belt according to the breast diameter of the tree individual, a hollow reading window is formed between the top of the end face of the other end of the steel belt and the top of the side wall of the notch, and the length of the reading window along the circumferential direction of the growth ring is synchronously changed along with the radial growth of the tree individual; and step four, during subsequent regular monitoring, firstly measuring the current length of the reading window along the circumferential direction of the growth ring by using a caliper, and obtaining the current breast diameter of the tree individual. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the measuring precision of the breast diameter can be improved to 0.01mm level, and the method is suitable for karst forests with slow tree growth. 2. The method is suitable for large-area monitoring of radial growth of the karst forest trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of forestry research, in particular to a method for monitoring radial growth of karst forest trees.
Background
Karst landforms refer to various landforms formed by water-soluble rock corrosion and accompanying mechanical action, are widely distributed in the places of Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and the like in the southwest of China, and the distribution area of the karst landforms occupies about 1/3 of the land area in China. The distributed large-area karst forest has important functions of preventing stony desertification, maintaining biological diversity, maintaining water and soil and the like. Monitoring the tree growth process of karst forests is one of the very important demands of workers and scientific researchers in industries such as forestry, plants, ecology and the like.
Radial growth of trees is important for researching biomass, productivity, accumulation amount of forests, dynamic processes of forests and the like. The breast diameter is a key basic parameter for radial growth. The traditional method for monitoring the breast diameter growth adopts a caliper or a breast diameter measuring tape to measure. Because the tree stem is not regular cylindrical generally, the caliper needs to measure twice along two opposite angle directions when measuring, and because the position and the direction of measurement are difficult to ensure to be completely consistent when measuring for many times, a great error is generated as a result; the same has many times to measure when breast-height tape measure measures and is difficult to guarantee that the position is identical completely, and many times of measurement difference is big, and the size of the used dynamics can obviously influence the tape measure reading when open-air manual operation in addition, and in addition, the minimum scale of tape measure is mostly 1mm, can't realize carrying out breast-height growth monitoring to the slow tree kind of growth. At present, some monitoring instruments for radial growth of trees, such as an EMS DRL26 tree growth measuring instrument, can fix a measuring position and achieve the measuring precision of 0.001mm, but the instruments are expensive and have high cost when being used for monitoring the growth of large-area forest trees, the minimum monitored breast diameter of the tree growth measuring instrument is about 8-10cm generally, and trees with the breast diameter smaller than 8cm cannot be monitored by the measuring instruments. As trees in the karst forest grow on rocky mountains poor in soil and arid, the radial growth process is very slow, the radial growth amount of many trees in ten years does not exceed 1cm, the annual growth amount is less than 1mm, and the breast diameter growth process is difficult to accurately monitor by using the traditional breast diameter measuring tape and other measuring methods. Therefore, an accurate monitoring method which is simple and easy to implement and low in cost and can realize the radial growth of the trees in the large-area karst forest is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In summary, in order to solve the technical defects that the radial growth of trees cannot be effectively monitored in karst forests with slow tree growth due to the fact that the measurement position and direction are difficult to fix, the minimum scale precision of the tape is not high, the error between two measurements is large, and the radial growth process of trees cannot be effectively monitored in the karst forests with slow tree growth, and the technical defects that part of tree growth measuring instruments in the market can fix the measurement position and reach the measurement precision of 0.001mm, the price of the instrument is high, the cost is overhigh when the instrument is used for monitoring the tree growth of large-area forests, the minimum monitored chest diameter of the tree growth measuring instrument is generally about 8-10cm, and trees with the chest diameter smaller than 8cm cannot be monitored by the measuring instrument, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the monitoring method for the radial growth of the karst trees, which is based on the characteristics of the karst forests and the trees growing, by adopting sampling design, designing and installing an annular monitoring device at the 1.3m height of the tree and matching with accurate measuring tools such as a vernier caliper, the measuring precision of the breast height of the tree can be improved to the level of 0.01mm, the cost is low, the operation is simple and easy, and the long-term monitoring of the radial growth of the tree in the karst forest with large area can be realized.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a monitoring method for radial growth of karst forest trees comprises the following steps:
sampling a karst forest to be monitored;
dividing the trees with the diameter at breast height being more than or equal to 50mm in the sampling into different diameter steps, prefabricating strip-shaped steel belts with different specifications according to the diameter steps, preparing springs with different specifications and corresponding to the steel belts one by one for standby, wherein two ends of each spring are respectively used for connecting corresponding positions on the corresponding steel belts, and further bending the steel belts into growth rings which can be stretched or reduced and are used for monitoring the radial growth of the trees; bundling the prefabricated steel belts which are used for detecting the same diameter step into steel belt handles respectively, and marking the specific diameter step specification of the monitored trees on the steel belt handles;
step three, carrying the steel belt handle and the spring to a karst forest to be monitored, firstly measuring the breast diameter of the sampled tree individual by using a tree measuring girth, determining the diameter step to which the sampled tree individual belongs according to the measurement result, then extracting a steel belt from the steel belt handle corresponding to the diameter step to which the tree individual belongs, forming a notch at the top of one end of the extracted steel belt according to the breast diameter of the tree individual, and then sleeving a part of the inner and outer superposition of two ends of the steel belt on the tree individual through the corresponding spring according to the breast diameter of the tree individual to form the growth ring which can be stretched or reduced; the top of the end face at the other end of the steel strip is positioned in the notch, a hollow reading window is formed between the top of the end face at the other end of the steel strip and the side wall of the notch, and the length of the reading window along the circumferential direction of the growth ring synchronously changes along with the radial growth of the tree individual;
step four, after the growth ring is stable in size, measuring the initial breast height R of the tree individual by using the tree measuring girth ruler1Measuring the initial length L of the reading window along the circumferential direction of the growth ring by using a caliper1And recording the corresponding result; when the subsequent periodic monitoring is carried out, firstly, the caliper is used for measuring the current length L of the reading window along the circumferential direction of the growth ring2Then the current breast diameter R of the tree individual can be obtained2Wherein R is2＝R1+(L2-L1)。
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can also be improved as follows:
further, the sampling method in the step one is as follows: in the karst forest which needs to be monitored per hectare, 4 monitoring sample squares of 10m × 10m are respectively arranged at an upper slope position, a middle slope position and a slope bottom, and radial growth monitoring is carried out on trees in the monitoring sample squares.
Further, the specific method for prefabricating the strip-shaped steel strip with different specifications in the second step comprises the following steps:
cutting the steel strips with different lengths according to the diameter steps of the trees;
marking one end and the other end of the steel strip as B 'and A respectively, then marking B, C', C and D on the steel strip in sequence along the direction from the A end to the B 'end, marking B positions on the steel strip along the width direction of the steel strip, drilling a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole respectively at the positions marked C', C and D positions on the steel strip, wherein the line marks are used for aligning the chest of a worker when the steel strip is sleeved on a corresponding tree individual, the second through hole is used for connecting one end of the spring initially, the first through hole is used for manually connecting one end of the spring when the growth ring stretches to the maximum, and the third through hole is used for fixing the growth ring on the corresponding tree individual through steel nails.
Further, the method for forming the growth ring by opening the notch and sleeving the steel strip on the corresponding tree individual in the third step comprises the following steps:
firstly, attaching a part B of the steel belt to a corresponding position of a tree individual, ensuring that the line mark is aligned with the chest of a worker, then attaching the end B ' of the steel belt to the tree individual in a counterclockwise direction, enabling the part of the steel belt close to the end B ' to cover the end A and the line mark, then marking the part of the steel belt close to the end B ' and coincident with the end face of the end A with a mark A ', simultaneously cutting along the position where the part of the steel belt close to the end B ' is coincident with the line mark, removing the end B to enable the steel belt to obtain a new end part, and finally drilling a fourth through hole at the new end part;
secondly, the steel belt is taken down, and the position A' on the steel belt is translated to the end A by a preset distance and marked as E; cutting a preset distance along the width direction of the steel strip from the position E, and then cutting the steel strip to the new end part of the steel strip along the length direction of the steel strip, thereby forming the notch at the top of the new end of the steel strip;
thirdly, attaching the position B on the steel belt to the corresponding position of the tree individual, aligning the line mark to the chest of a worker, attaching the new end part of the steel belt to the tree individual in the anticlockwise direction for bending, and ensuring that the end A of the steel belt is overlapped with the position A'; then taking the corresponding spring, respectively hooking the two ends of the spring with the second through hole and the fourth through hole, simultaneously nailing a stainless steel nail into the tree individual through the third through hole, further forming the growing ring which can be stretched or reduced after the steel belt is sleeved on the tree individual, and forming the reading window by the top of the end face of the A end of the steel belt and the side wall of the starting end of the notch.
Wherein, the karst forest refers to the forest growing on karst rocky mountain; the diameter of the tree at the position of 1.3m from the root of the tree breast-height diameter finger is called the breast-height diameter for short, and is a common index for forest monitoring in industries such as forestry, ecological and environmental protection; radial growth refers to the process of transverse thickening of the breast diameter of the tree; the monitoring means that a measuring tool or instrument is adopted, and regular measurement is carried out at intervals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the characteristics of the karst forest and the tree growth, the sampling design is adopted, and the fixed annular monitoring device is matched, so that the measurement precision of the breast height can be improved to the level of 0.01mm, and the method is suitable for the karst forest with the slow tree growth.
2. The method is simple and easy to implement, high in monitoring precision and low in cost, and is suitable for large-area monitoring of radial growth of the karst forest trees.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a prefabricated steel strip;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of sleeving a steel band on a respective tree unit to form a growth ring;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a notch cut in a steel strip;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a growth ring;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the growth ring formed after the steel band is fitted over the respective tree unit (with structural components such as springs removed).
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the reading device comprises a steel belt, 2, a spring, 3, a notch, 4, a reading window, 5, line marks, 6, a first through hole, 7, a second through hole, 8, a third through hole, 9, a steel nail, 10 and a fourth through hole.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A monitoring method for radial growth of karst forest trees comprises the following steps:
step one, sampling is carried out on the karst forest to be monitored.
Large-diameter trees in the karst forest play a decisive role in biomass, productivity, storage amount and the like of the forest, and the biomass of all tree individuals with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 5cm generally accounts for about 80% of the biomass of the forest, so that the tree individuals with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 5cm are generally selected for monitoring. The long-term investigation shows that: the density of trees with the breast diameter of the karst forest being more than or equal to 5cm is generally 800-1300 trees per hectare, the average is about 1000 trees per hectare, and the trees generally change with the terrain, the landform, the climate condition and the like. The radial growth speed of karst forest trees can greatly change along with the ecological conditions such as slope positions and the like, the trees at the top of a general hillside grow slowly, the trees in the middle of the hillside grow faster than the trees at the top of the hillside, and the trees at the bottom of the hillside generally grow radially faster. Sampling design is needed during large-area monitoring, 1 hectare is taken as a base number, monitoring squares are generally arranged at three positions of an upward slope position, a middle slope position and a slope bottom, 4 monitoring squares of 10m by 10m are arranged at each position, 12 squares of 100 square meters are arranged in total, and trees with the breast diameter of more than or equal to 5cm are generally about 100 trees. If the area is 2 hectares then the number of samples is doubled, the area is increased and so on. By the design, the efficiency and representativeness of monitoring can be ensured.
Dividing the trees with the diameter at breast height being larger than or equal to 50mm in the sampling into different diameter steps, prefabricating strip steel belts 1 with different specifications according to the diameter steps, and preparing springs 2 with different specifications and corresponding to the steel belts 1 one by one for later use. Two ends of the spring 2 are respectively used for connecting corresponding positions on the steel belt 1, so that the steel belt 1 is bent into a growth ring which can be stretched or reduced and is used for monitoring the radial growth of the tree individual. 3 kinds of springs 2 with small, medium and large sizes are selected according to the diameter at breast height of the tree, and the lengths of the springs are respectively 38.1mm, 76.2mm and 127mmmm which are equal to 1.5, 3 and 5 inches. The wire diameters of all the specification springs 2 are 0.66mm, the outer diameters of all the specification springs are 6.35mm, and the materials are 65 MN. The number of the springs 2 of different specifications is determined according to the diameter-level distribution structure of the monitored forest, and the diameter-level structures of most karst forests are inverted J-shaped, namely, a large number of small-diameter-level trees and a small number of large-diameter-level trees are arranged. Therefore, when preparing the spring, the small-sized, medium-sized and large-sized springs 2 should be prepared in a larger number, and the ratio of the prepared number of the small-sized, medium-sized and large-sized springs 2 is 2:3: 1. The detailed specifications of the spring 2 used are shown in table one.
TABLE 1 spring Specification parameters
In order to improve the installation efficiency of the growth ring, the steel belt 1 is prefabricated indoors, namely, the stainless steel belt is cut into different lengths, necessary drilling and line marking are carried out, the pre-cut length is determined according to the maximum chest diameter value of each diameter step and the selected spring specification, and the hole opening position is determined according to the selected spring 2. As shown in fig. 1, the method of prefabricating strip steel strip 1 of different specifications is as follows:
aiming at the diameter steps of trees, cutting the stainless steel strip into the steel strip 1 with different lengths by steel strip scissors, wherein the width of the used stainless steel strip is about 1.2cm, the thickness of the stainless steel strip is 0.15mm, and the weight of 1m is 11.86 g.
Secondly, marking one end and the other end of the steel strip 1 as B ' and A respectively, and then marking B, C ', C and D on the steel strip 1 in sequence along the direction from the A end to the B ' end. The length of AB determines the size of the reading window 4, depending on the extension range of the selected spring 2 and the tree breast diameter. When the spring 2 is small, AB is 9-12cm, AB is 9cm when the diameter at breast height of the tree is 5-7.5cm, and AB is 12cm when the diameter at breast height of the tree is 7.5-10 cm. AB of the middle-sized spring 2 is set to 16cm, and AB of the large-sized spring 2 is set to 24 cm. The BC length determines the degree of tightness of the spring 2 when the growth ring is first set, and is determined by the extension range of the spring 2, BC for the small-sized spring 2 is set to 4cm, BC for the medium-sized spring 2 is set to 8.6cm, and BC for the large-sized spring 2 is set to 15 cm. Marking a line mark 5 at the position marked B on the steel strip 1 along the width direction of the steel strip, and drilling a first through hole 6, a second through hole 7 and a third through hole 8 at the positions marked C', C and D on the steel strip 1 respectively.
The line markings 5 are used to align the chest of the worker when putting the steel band 1 on the respective tree individual. The two through holes 7 are used for connecting one end of the corresponding spring 2 at the beginning; the first through hole 6 is used to connect one end of the spring 2 when the growth ring is maximally stretched: when the spring is stretched close to the maximum stretched length, one end of the spring 2 can be reconnected from the second through hole 7 to the first through hole 6, the initial reading window 4 is re-recorded, and a new measurement is recorded. The first through hole 6 is generally moved by 2cm from the second through hole 7 to the end A, and holes can be continuously punched at the end A according to the actual growth condition of trees. The third through hole 8 is used for fixing the growth ring to the corresponding tree individual through a steel nail 9, and the steel nail 9 can be selected from specifications of 4cm in length and 0.26cm in diameter.
During pre-manufacturing, the stainless steel strip is drawn, punched and sheared according to the parameters in the table 2. After the prefabrication is completed, the prefabricated steel belts 1 are bundled into steel belt handles according to different diameters, 10 steel belts 1 are wound tightly between C' and D through transparent adhesive tapes, and the diameter specification (such as 5-7.5cm) of each steel belt handle is written on the transparent adhesive tapes through marking pens, so that the steel belts are convenient to draw and use outdoors.
TABLE 2 prefabrication parameters for different step tree growth rings
| Tree diameter step | Spring | AB | BC | B vertical line | Hole site of C | Position of C hole | Position of D hole | AB' pre-shearing length |
| 5-7.5cm | Small | 9 | 4 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14.5 | 32.55 |
| 7.5-10cm | Small | 12 | 4 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 43.4 |
| 10-15cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 63.1 |
| 15-20cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 78.8 |
| 20-25cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 94.5 |
| 25-30cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 110.2 |
| 30-35cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 125.9 |
| 35-40cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 141.6 |
| 40-45cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 157.3 |
| 45-50cm | In | 16 | 8.6 | 16 | 22.6 | 24.6 | 27 | 173 |
| 50-60cm | Big (a) | 24 | 15 | 24 | 37 | 39 | 42 | 212.4 |
The unit of the parameter in Table 2 is cm, and the starting end is the end A of FIG. 1.
And step three, the bundled steel belt 1 and the spring 2 are carried to a karst forest to be monitored, firstly, the breast diameter of the sampled tree individual is measured by using a tree measuring girth, the diameter step to which the sampled tree individual belongs is determined according to the measurement result, then, one steel belt 1 is extracted from the bundle corresponding to the diameter step to which the tree individual belongs, a notch 3 is formed in the top of one end of the extracted steel belt 1 according to the breast diameter of the tree individual, and then, a part of the inside and outside of the two ends of the steel belt 1 is overlapped and sleeved on the tree individual through the corresponding spring 2 according to the breast diameter of the tree individual to form the growth ring which can be stretched or reduced. The top of the end face at the other end of the steel strip 1 is positioned in the notch 3, a hollow reading window 4 is formed between the top of the end face at the other end of the steel strip 1 and the side wall of the notch 3, and the length of the reading window 4 along the circumferential direction of the growth ring is synchronously changed along with the radial growth of the tree individual.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the above-mentioned tools for forming the growth ring by opening the gap 3 and sleeving the steel strip 1 on the corresponding tree unit comprise: the steel band is cut, hole pincers, survey tree encloses chi, stainless steel nail, sledgehammer, marker pen, recording clip, minute book and pencil, and the concrete method is:
firstly, visually determining tree individuals needing to be provided with growth rings, and finally determining whether the breast diameter of the tree individuals is more than or equal to 5cm and the belonged diameter step by using a tree measuring girth. Aiming at a tree individual with the breast diameter of more than or equal to 5cm, extracting a prefabricated growth ring with a corresponding diameter step, enabling a B vertical line to face the chest of an installer, attaching a B position on a steel belt 1 to the position, 1.3m away from the ground, of the tree individual, ensuring that a line mark 5 is aligned with the chest of a worker, then attaching a B 'end of the steel belt 1 to the tree individual in a counterclockwise direction for bending, enabling a part, close to the B', of the steel belt 1 to cover an A end and the line mark 5, marking an A 'at a position, close to the B' end, of the steel belt 1 and coincident with an end face of the A end, simultaneously shearing along a position, coincident with the line mark 5, of a part, close to the B 'end, of the steel belt 1, removing the B' end to obtain a new end, and finally drilling a fourth through hole 10 at the new end.
And secondly, removing the steel strip 1, translating the position A' on the steel strip 1 to the end A by a preset distance and marking the position A as E. And E, cutting a preset distance along the width direction of the steel strip 1 from the position E, and then cutting the steel strip 1 to the new end part of the steel strip 1 along the length direction of the steel strip 1, so as to form the notch 3 at the top of the new end of the steel strip 1.
Thirdly, the position B of the steel belt 1 is attached to the position 1.3m away from the ground of the tree individual, the line mark 5 is aligned to the chest of a worker, the new end of the steel belt 1 is attached to the tree individual in the anticlockwise direction to be bent, and the position A' of the steel belt 1 is enabled to be coincident. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, taking the corresponding spring 2, respectively hooking two ends of the spring 2 to the second through hole 7 and the fourth through hole 10, simultaneously nailing a stainless steel nail 9 into the tree individual through the third through hole 8 and ensuring that the top of the steel strip 1 is in the same horizontal plane, so that the steel strip 1 is sleeved on the tree individual to form the growth ring which can be stretched or reduced, and the top of the end face of the end a of the steel strip 1 and the side wall of the starting end of the notch 3 form the reading window 4. The number of tree individuals or branches that nest the growth ring is recorded on the record book.
Step four, after all the tree individuals with the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 5cm in all the monitoring sample prescriptions are fixed and sleeved with the growth ring, and after the size of the growth ring is stable, the initial diameter at breast height R of the tree individuals is measured by using the tree measuring girth ruler1Measuring the initial length L of the reading window 4 along the circumferential direction of the growth ring by using a caliper1And recording the corresponding result. When the subsequent periodic monitoring is carried out, firstly, the caliper is used for measuring the current length L of the reading window 4 along the circumferential direction of the growth ring2Then the current breast diameter R of the tree individual can be obtained2Wherein R is2＝R1+L2-L1. The measurement was performed 2 times per year in dry and rainy seasons.
According to the monitoring method, a 15 hectare karst seasonal rainforest tree radial growth monitoring sample area is arranged in a post-working national-level natural protection area, and the monitoring result shows that the radial growth of a tree individual with the breast diameter being more than or equal to 5cm in 5 years is 0.55cm, and the average annual growth is about 0.11 cm.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A monitoring method for radial growth of karst forest trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sampling a karst forest to be monitored;
dividing the trees with the diameter at breast height being more than or equal to 50mm in the sampling into different diameter steps, prefabricating strip-shaped steel belts (1) with different specifications according to the diameter steps, preparing springs (2) with different specifications and corresponding to the steel belts (1) one by one for standby, wherein two ends of each spring (2) are respectively used for connecting corresponding positions on the corresponding steel belts (1), and further bending the steel belts (1) into extensible or contractible growth rings for monitoring the radial growth of the trees; bundling the prefabricated steel belts (1) which are used for detecting the same diameter step into steel belt handles respectively, and marking the specific diameter step specification of the monitored trees on the steel belt handles;
thirdly, the bundled steel belt handle and the spring (2) are carried to a karst forest to be monitored, firstly, the chest diameter of the sampled tree individual is measured by using a tree measuring girth, the diameter step to which the sampled tree individual belongs is determined according to the measurement result, then, one steel belt (1) is extracted from the steel belt handle corresponding to the diameter step to which the tree individual belongs, a notch (3) is formed in the top of one end of the extracted steel belt (1) according to the chest diameter of the tree individual, and then, a part of the steel belt (1) which is overlapped inside and outside the two ends is sleeved on the tree individual through the corresponding spring (2) according to the chest diameter of the tree individual to form the growth ring which can be expanded or reduced; the top of the end face at the other end of the steel strip (1) is positioned in the notch (3), a hollow reading window (4) is formed between the top of the end face at the other end of the steel strip (1) and the side wall of the notch (3), and the length of the reading window (4) along the circumferential direction of the growing ring is synchronously changed along with the radial growth of the tree individual;
step four, after the growth ring is stable in size, measuring the initial breast height R of the tree individual by using the tree measuring girth ruler1Measuring the initial length L of the reading window (4) along the circumferential direction of the growth ring by using a caliper1And recording the corresponding result; when the subsequent regular monitoring is carried out, firstly, the caliper is used for measuring the current length L of the reading window (4) along the circumferential direction of the growth ring2Then the current breast diameter R of the tree individual can be obtained2Wherein R is2＝R1+(L2-L1)。
2. The monitoring method for the radial growth of the karst forest trees according to claim 1, wherein the sampling method in the first step is as follows: in the karst forest which needs to be monitored per hectare, 4 monitoring sample squares of 10m × 10m are respectively arranged at an upper slope position, a middle slope position and a slope bottom, and radial growth monitoring is carried out on trees in the monitoring sample squares.
3. The method for monitoring radial growth of karst forest trees according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concrete method for prefabricating the steel strip (1) in different specifications in the second step comprises the following steps:
cutting the steel belt (1) with different lengths according to the diameter steps of the trees;
secondly, marking one end and the other end of the steel strip (1) as B ' and A respectively, then marking B, C ', C and D on the steel strip (1) along the direction from the A end to the B ' end in sequence, marking B on the steel strip (1) and drawing a line mark (5) along the width direction of the steel strip, respectively drilling a first through hole (6), a second through hole (7) and a third through hole (8) at the positions marked C', C and D on the steel belt (1), wherein the line markings (5) are used to align the chest of the worker when the steel band (1) is fitted to the respective tree individual, the second through hole (7) is used for connecting one end of the corresponding spring (2) initially, the first through hole (6) is used for manually connecting one end of the spring (2) when the growth ring stretches to the maximum, the third through hole (8) is used for fixing the growing ring to the corresponding tree individual through a steel nail (9).
4. Method for monitoring radial growth of trees in karst forest according to claim 3, characterized in that the method for making said notches (3) and for putting said steel strip (1) on the respective tree individual to form said growth ring in step three comprises the following steps:
firstly, attaching a position B on a steel belt (1) to a corresponding position of a tree individual, ensuring that a line mark (5) is aligned with the chest of a worker, attaching a position B 'end of the steel belt (1) to the tree individual in a counterclockwise direction to be bent, enabling a part, close to the end B', of the steel belt (1) to cover an end A and the line mark (5), marking a position A 'on the part, close to the end B', of the steel belt (1) and coincident with the end face of the end A, simultaneously cutting along the position where the part, close to the end B ', of the steel belt (1) and the line mark (5) are coincident, removing the end B' to enable the steel belt (1) to obtain a new end part, and finally drilling a fourth through hole (10) on the new end part;
secondly, the steel belt (1) is taken down, and the position A' on the steel belt (1) is translated to the end A by a preset distance and marked as E; cutting a preset distance along the width direction of the steel strip (1) from the position E, and then cutting the steel strip (1) to the new end part of the steel strip (1) along the length direction of the steel strip (1), so as to form the notch (3) at the top of the new end of the steel strip (1);
thirdly, attaching the position B on the steel belt (1) to the corresponding position of the tree individual, aligning the line mark (5) to the chest of a worker, attaching the new end part of the steel belt (1) to the tree individual in the anticlockwise direction for bending, and ensuring that the position A 'of the steel belt (1) is overlapped with the position A'; then the corresponding spring (2) is taken, the two ends of the spring (2) are hooked with the second through hole (7) and the fourth through hole (10) respectively, meanwhile, stainless steel nails (9) are nailed into the tree individual through the third through holes (8) and the top of the steel strip (1) is guaranteed to be located in the same horizontal plane, then the steel strip (1) is sleeved on the tree individual to form the growing ring which can be stretched or reduced, and the top of the end face of the A end of the steel strip (1) and the side wall of the starting end of the notch (3) form the reading window (4).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115854821A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-28 | 东平县林业保护发展中心 | Forestry measuring device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115854821A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-28 | 东平县林业保护发展中心 | Forestry measuring device |
| CN115854821B (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-16 | 东平县林业保护发展中心 | Forestry measuring device |
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