CN110715694A - Multifunctional flow experiment device - Google Patents
Multifunctional flow experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110715694A CN110715694A CN201810758918.0A CN201810758918A CN110715694A CN 110715694 A CN110715694 A CN 110715694A CN 201810758918 A CN201810758918 A CN 201810758918A CN 110715694 A CN110715694 A CN 110715694A
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- pipeline
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
- G01F1/58—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
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Abstract
A multifunctional flow experiment device comprises a pipeline and a magnetic field, wherein the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The pipeline is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, which means that the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. The wall of the pipeline is distributed with a plurality of detection units, each detection unit is provided with a plurality of detection electrodes, each detection unit corresponds to the cross section of one pipeline, one end of each detection electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end of each detection electrode is exposed out of the pipeline; the potentials of all the detection electrodes characterize the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipe. The multifunctional flow experimental device provided by the invention can measure the electric field distribution and the flow field distribution of each point in the conductive fluid, thereby fully reflecting the flowing condition of the metal fluid in the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional flow experiment device.
Background
The following background is provided to aid the reader in understanding the present invention and is not admitted to be prior art.
Measuring the flow rate of a fluid in a pipe is an important technique in industrial production. Flow meters are common devices for measuring the flow rate of a fluid. Some flow meters have an impeller, and the flow rate of the fluid can be measured by calculating the speed and number of revolutions of the impeller. However, the impeller has a large contact area with the fluid, is easily corroded, and is not suitable for measuring the flow velocity of the fluid with high corrosiveness. The magnetic conductance flowmeter applies a magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipeline by using the Hall effect, when conductive fluid flows in the pipeline and cuts magnetic lines of force along the perpendicular direction, induced potential is generated, the magnitude of the induced potential is measured by using an electrode, and then the flow velocity of the fluid in the pipeline can be obtained by calculation. The magnetic conductance flowmeter reduces the corrosion of the measured fluid to the measuring device, and can be used for measuring conductive fluid with stronger corrosion, such as high-temperature molten metal fluid.
However, in practice, the situation of fluid flowing in a pipe is complicated, and laminar flow and turbulent flow tend to exist in the flowing fluid. When the fluid potential is measured, the selected measuring point positions are different, the measured potential difference is also different, and therefore the calculated fluid flow is also different. Therefore, the fluid data measured by the existing electromagnetic flowmeter cannot sufficiently reflect the flowing condition of the metal fluid in the pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional flow experimental device which can measure the electric field distribution and the flow field distribution of each point in a conductive fluid, thereby fully reflecting the flowing condition of a metal fluid in a pipeline.
A multifunctional flow experiment device comprises a pipeline and a magnetic field, wherein the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The pipeline is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, which means that the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. The cross-section of the conduit is polygonal or circular.
Detection electrode
As a preferred scheme, a plurality of detection units are distributed on the wall of the pipeline, each detection unit is provided with a plurality of detection electrodes, each detection unit corresponds to the cross section of one pipeline, one end of each detection electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end of each detection electrode is exposed out of the pipeline; the potentials of all the detection electrodes characterize the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipe. The plurality of detection electrodes means that the number of detection electrodes is not less than 3. The axial direction of the pipe is taken as the longitudinal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is taken as the transverse direction.
Preferably, the detection units are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline. The arrangement enables the detection unit to measure the electric field distribution of the fluid at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline, so that the measured electric field distribution is more accurate.
Preferably, the detection electrodes in each detection unit are distributed at equal intervals. A plurality of detection electrodes in each detection unit are located on the same pipeline cross section, and the plurality of detection electrodes measure the electric field distribution of the fluid at equal intervals along the transverse direction of the pipeline, so that the measured electric field distribution is more accurate. Each detection electrode corresponds to a measurement location of the conductive fluid, and the potential of each detection electrode represents the potential of its corresponding measurement location.
When the conductive fluid in the pipeline is detected, two detection electrodes are selected randomly, and the potential difference between the two detection electrodes is measured; or measuring the potential difference between each detection electrode and the standard electrode by using the standard electrode to obtain the relative potential of the measurement position of each detection electrode, thereby obtaining the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline.
The method for obtaining the distribution of the flow field of the conductive fluid in the pipeline according to the measured electric field distribution comprises the following steps: (1) testing the fluid with known flow field distribution by using the experimental device, detecting the potential of the conductive fluid in the pipeline at each point by using the detection electrode to obtain the electric field distribution of the known fluid, and corresponding the flow field distribution to the electric field distribution to prepare an electric field-flow field experience table; (2) testing the potential distribution of the fluid to be tested by using the experimental device; (3) and corresponding the measured potential distribution of the fluid to be measured with an electric field-flow field empirical table, thereby obtaining the flow field distribution of the fluid to be measured in the pipeline.
Pressure electrode
Preferably, the pipeline is provided with two pressurizing electrodes, the pressurizing electrodes are connected with a power supply, and the conductive fluid between the pressurizing electrodes is used as a conductor for communicating the two pressurizing electrodes; the direction of the current between the pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field, and the direction of the current between the two pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the flowing direction of the conductive fluid. After the pressurizing electrodes are electrified, an electric field is generated in the conductive fluid between the pressurizing electrodes, ions in the conductive fluid are directionally moved by the electric field, and the moving direction is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. According to the hall effect, ions moving in a magnetic field are subjected to a lorentz force, and the direction of the lorentz force is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the direction in which the ions move, i.e. parallel to the pipe axis. The ions subjected to the Lorentz force move along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the ions subjected to the Lorentz force have interaction force with other molecules in the conductive fluid, so that the moving ions drive the other molecules in the conductive fluid to enable the fluid to flow along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the conductive fluid in the pipeline is driven to flow.
Preferably, the voltage applying electrode is a copper electrode, the pipeline is a ceramic pipe, an opening for accommodating the copper electrode is formed in the pipe wall of the ceramic pipe, the copper electrode is connected with the pipe wall in a sealing mode, and the copper electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid. That is, the copper electrode and the ceramic tube together form a conduit for the flow of an electrically conductive fluid.
Preferably, the copper electrodes are offset from the detection cells. That is, the detection unit is not provided in the range covered with the copper electrode.
Magnetic field
Preferably, the pipe is located between two magnetic poles, and the direction of the magnetic field between the two magnetic poles is perpendicular to the pipe.
Preferably, the magnetic field is generated by an excitation coil wound around a yoke having two opposed projections, each projection serving as a pole. Alternatively, the magnetic field is generated by a permanent magnet mounted on a yoke having two opposing projections, each projection acting as a magnetic pole.
Preferably, the magnetic yoke is a closed rectangular frame, the protrusions are positioned on two opposite sides of the rectangular frame, and the protrusions are positioned in the middle of the rectangular side; the other two sides of the rectangular frame are used as installation parts of the magnets, and the installation parts are wound with excitation coils or provided with permanent magnets. Preferably, the pipe is in contact with both poles and the pipe is fixed to the poles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid at each point in the pipeline can be accurately measured, and the flow field distribution of the conductive fluid is obtained, so that the flow velocity distribution condition of the fluid in the pipeline is fully reflected.
2. By means of the hall effect, a conductive fluid flows in the pipe under the drive of an electric field between the pressurizing electrodes and a magnetic field between the magnetic poles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a multi-functional flow assay device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a multi-functional flow assay device with a pressurized electrode attached to a conduit, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description, as these components and terms of construction may be modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1
Detection electrode
A multifunctional flow experiment device comprises a pipeline and a magnetic field, wherein the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field covers the whole pipeline. The pipeline is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, which means that the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. The cross-section of the duct is rectangular.
As shown in fig. 1, 6 detection units are distributed on the wall of the pipeline 2, each detection unit is provided with 12 detection electrodes 3, each detection unit corresponds to the cross section of one pipeline, one end of each detection electrode 3 is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end of each detection electrode is exposed out of the pipeline; the potentials of all the detection electrodes characterize the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipe. The axial direction of the pipe is taken as the longitudinal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is taken as the transverse direction.
The detection units are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline. The detection electrodes in each detection unit are distributed at equal intervals. The arrangement enables the detection unit to measure the electric field distribution of the fluid at equal intervals along the axial direction and the transverse direction of the pipeline, and the measured electric field distribution is more accurate. Each detection electrode corresponds to a measurement location of the conductive fluid, and the potential of each detection electrode represents the potential of its corresponding measurement location.
When the conductive fluid in the pipeline is detected, two detection electrodes are selected randomly, and the potential difference between the two detection electrodes is measured.
In some embodiments, using a standard electrode, the potential difference between each detection electrode and the standard electrode is measured to obtain the relative potential of each detection electrode at the measurement location, thereby obtaining the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid within the conduit.
The method for obtaining the distribution of the flow field of the conductive fluid in the pipeline according to the measured electric field distribution comprises the following steps: (1) testing the fluid with known flow field distribution by using the experimental device, detecting the potential of the conductive fluid in the pipeline at each point by using the detection electrode to obtain the electric field distribution of the known fluid, and corresponding the flow field distribution to the electric field distribution to prepare an electric field-flow field experience table; (2) testing the potential distribution of the fluid to be tested by using the experimental device; (3) and corresponding the measured potential distribution of the fluid to be measured with an electric field-flow field empirical table, thereby obtaining the flow field distribution of the fluid to be measured in the pipeline.
Magnetic field
As shown in fig. 1, the pipe 2 is positioned between two magnetic poles 4, and the direction of the magnetic field between the two magnetic poles 4 is perpendicular to the pipe.
The magnetic field is generated by an excitation coil 5, the excitation coil 5 being wound around a yoke 1, the yoke 1 having two opposed projections each serving as a pole 4. The magnetic yoke is a closed rectangular frame, the bulges are positioned on two opposite edges of the rectangular frame, and the bulges are positioned in the middle of the rectangular edges; the other two sides of the rectangular frame are used as installation parts, and excitation coils or permanent magnets are wound on the installation parts. The pipeline is in contact with the two magnetic poles, and the pipeline is fixed with the magnetic poles.
In some embodiments, the magnetic field is generated by a permanent magnet mounted on a yoke having two opposing projections, each projection acting as a pole.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the structure described in embodiment 1 may be adopted for the remaining structure except that the pipe is provided with two pressurizing electrodes.
As shown in fig. 2, the pipe 2 is provided with two pressurizing electrodes 6, the pressurizing electrodes are connected with a power supply, and the conductive fluid between the pressurizing electrodes is used as a conductor for communicating the two pressurizing electrodes; the direction of the current between the pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field, and the direction of the current between the two pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the flowing direction of the conductive fluid. After the pressurizing electrodes are electrified, an electric field is generated in the conductive fluid between the pressurizing electrodes, ions in the conductive fluid are directionally moved by the electric field, and the moving direction is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. According to the hall effect, ions moving in a magnetic field are subjected to a lorentz force, and the direction of the lorentz force is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the direction in which the ions move, i.e. parallel to the pipe axis. The ions subjected to the Lorentz force move along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the ions subjected to the Lorentz force have interaction force with other molecules in the conductive fluid, so that the moving ions drive the other molecules in the conductive fluid to enable the fluid to flow along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the conductive fluid in the pipeline is driven to flow.
The voltage applying electrode is a copper electrode, the pipeline is a ceramic pipe, an opening used for accommodating the copper electrode is formed in the pipe wall of the ceramic pipe, the copper electrode is connected with the pipe wall in a sealing mode, and the copper electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid. That is, the copper electrode and the ceramic tube together form a conduit for the flow of an electrically conductive fluid.
The copper electrode is staggered with the detection unit. That is, the detection unit is not provided in the range covered with the copper electrode.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional flow experimental apparatus which characterized in that: comprises a pipeline and a magnetic field, wherein the pipeline is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field.
2. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 1, wherein: the wall of the pipeline is distributed with a plurality of detection units, each detection unit is provided with a plurality of detection electrodes, each detection unit corresponds to the cross section of one pipeline, one end of each detection electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end of each detection electrode is exposed out of the pipeline; the potentials of all the detection electrodes characterize the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipe.
3. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 2, wherein: the detection units are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline.
4. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 2, wherein: the detection electrodes in each detection unit are distributed at equal intervals.
5. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline is provided with two pressurizing electrodes, the pressurizing electrodes are connected with a power supply, and the conductive fluid between the pressurizing electrodes is used as a conductor for communicating the two pressurizing electrodes; the direction of the current between the pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field, and the direction of the current between the two pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the flowing direction of the conductive fluid.
6. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 5, wherein: the voltage applying electrode is a copper electrode, the pipeline is a ceramic pipe, an opening used for accommodating the copper electrode is formed in the pipe wall of the ceramic pipe, the copper electrode is connected with the pipe wall in a sealing mode, and the copper electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid.
7. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 6, wherein: the copper electrode is staggered with the detection unit.
8. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline is located between two magnetic poles, and the magnetic field direction between two magnetic poles is perpendicular with the pipeline.
9. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 8, wherein: the magnetic field is generated by an excitation coil, the excitation coil is wound on a magnetic yoke, the magnetic yoke is provided with two opposite bulges, and each bulge is used as a magnetic pole; alternatively, the magnetic field is generated by a permanent magnet mounted on a yoke having two opposing projections, each projection acting as a magnetic pole.
10. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 9, wherein: the magnetic yoke is a closed rectangular frame, the bulges are positioned on two opposite edges of the rectangular frame, and the bulges are positioned in the middle of the rectangular edges; the other two sides of the rectangular frame are used as installation parts of the magnets, and excitation coils or permanent magnets are wound on the installation parts; the pipeline is in contact with the two magnetic poles, and the pipeline is fixed with the magnetic poles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810758918.0A CN110715694A (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Multifunctional flow experiment device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810758918.0A CN110715694A (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Multifunctional flow experiment device |
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| CN110715694A true CN110715694A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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| CN201810758918.0A Pending CN110715694A (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Multifunctional flow experiment device |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10221135A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1998-08-21 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic flowmeter |
| CN204330035U (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-13 | 燕山大学 | A kind of electromagnetism crosscorrelation measurement sensor |
| CN105157768A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 燕山大学 | Electromagnetic array related sensor and system for horizontal well oil-gas-water multi-phase flow rate measurement |
-
2018
- 2018-07-11 CN CN201810758918.0A patent/CN110715694A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10221135A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1998-08-21 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic flowmeter |
| CN204330035U (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-13 | 燕山大学 | A kind of electromagnetism crosscorrelation measurement sensor |
| CN105157768A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 燕山大学 | Electromagnetic array related sensor and system for horizontal well oil-gas-water multi-phase flow rate measurement |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王慧君 等: "《大学基础物理》", 31 August 2006, 河南大学出版社 * |
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