CN110714436A - Retaining system of check dam - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a check dam water storage system. The water storage system of the check dam includes a dam body and a stilling well. The stilling well is provided with a plurality of water discharge openings arranged at intervals up and down. The bottom of the stilling well is connected with the water discharge channel; The upper pipe wall of the siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe is provided with a siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe hole, and the siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe is provided with a plurality of and communicated with the stilling well to discharge the collected water into the stilling well; There is an interception channel downstream of the dam body, and the interception channel is provided with an interception channel water collection horizontal pipe. The interception channel water collection horizontal pipe is provided with interception channel water collection and horizontal pipe holes, which can discharge the water in the sediment layer as soon as possible and reduce the amount of water in the sediment layer. At the same time, the water in the silt layer and the clean water stored in the silt dam are discharged to the downstream through the stilling well, and the stable undercurrent water in the channel can be fully collected and utilized through the interception channel and the catchment well in the downstream, or the water can be stored under the dam. The collection and utilization of the pond can make full use of the water resources in the check dam and the clean water stored in the check dam.

Description

Check Dam Storage System

technical field

The present invention relates to a check dam water storage system.

Background technique

The Loess Plateau is dry and water-deficient, and precipitation is mainly concentrated in the rainy season. In the rainy season, precipitation is likely to cause floods and cause serious erosion of soil and water. Check dams are an effective measure to control soil erosion and improve agricultural production conditions in the Loess Plateau. , water storage, flood mitigation and other functions, in the initial stage of construction of check dams, both sand and water storage are generally used, and the accumulated water evaporation loss is large and cannot be fully utilized; in addition, with long-term production and application, the storage capacity is basically full. After that, dam land will be formed, that is, the siltation layer of check dam. The dam land of the check dam has good structure and high porosity, which is equivalent to the accumulation of water in the sponge to form a soil reservoir, and the effect of water storage and water reduction is obvious. The river channel downstream of the check dam is dominated by the excess loose silt layer, and it is difficult to form runoff with rainfall below 50mm, and many infiltrations form underground underflow. Liu Xuan'e, Han Yufeng, etc., published in "Research on Water Conservancy Development" titled "Development and Utilization of Flood Resources in Arid Mountainous Areas by Combined Storage of Dams and Cellars", proposed that water storage facilities such as water cellars should be set up in the reservoir area of check dams to develop and utilize flood resources in arid mountainous areas. However, the water body in the silt layer of the check dam and the clean water stored in the check dam still cannot be fully utilized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water storage system for a check dam, which is used to improve the utilization rate of water resources of a check dam.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the silt dam water storage system of the present invention is:

The check dam storage system includes:

The dam body is provided with a drainage channel connecting the upstream and downstream;

The stilling well is arranged upstream of the dam body, the stilling well is provided with a plurality of water discharge openings arranged at intervals up and down, and the bottom of the stilling well is communicated with the water discharge channel;

The check dam storage system also includes:

The siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe is used to be installed in the sedimentary layer upstream of the dam body. The upper pipe wall of the sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe is provided with a sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe hole for collecting the water in the sedimentary layer, and the sedimentary layer water collecting The horizontal pipe is provided with a plurality of and communicated with the stilling well for discharging the collected water into the stilling well;

The water storage system of a check dam includes a reservoir under the dam. The reservoir under the dam is arranged downstream of the dam body and is connected to the water discharge channel through a diversion channel, which is used to collect the clear water and silt layer water accumulated in the check dam, and/or The water storage system of the check dam includes an interception channel arranged downstream of the dam body and along the width direction of the river channel, and a water collection horizontal pipe of the interception channel arranged in the interception channel. The interception channel is used to collect the underflow water in the interception channel. The interception channel is provided with a water collecting well at the end of the interception channel. The water well is used to collect the water collected by the interception channel.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: The silt dam water storage system of the present invention can discharge the water in the silt layer as soon as possible by setting the silt layer water collecting pipe in the silt layer upstream of the dam body, and at the same time remove the silt layer through the stilling well. The water is discharged downstream, and the water can be collected and reused downstream through interception canals and water collection wells, or the water can be collected by setting up a reservoir under the dam downstream, so that the water resources in the check dam can be fully utilized.

Further, in order to facilitate construction, at least two silt layer water collecting and horizontal pipes are arranged in layers up and down to form a silt layer water collecting and horizontal pipe group, and the silt layer water collecting and horizontal pipes in one sediment layer water collecting and horizontal pipe group are connected and located. The upper sedimentation layer horizontal water collecting pipe is connected with the stilling well through the sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe at the bottom. In the same group of sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe, the upper sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe does not need to be directly connected with the stilling well. , and the water is collected to the bottom siltation layer water collecting pipe and then discharged into the stilling well, which reduces the workload during construction.

Further, the siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe at the bottom is connected with a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is lower than the water discharge port on the bottom of the stilling well, the water collecting tank is communicated with the stilling well through a siphon, and the siphon pipe passes through the stilling well and is at the bottom. The water outlet extends into the stilling well. The height of the water collecting tank is lower than the lowermost water discharge port on the stilling well, which can realize the lowering of the water collecting and laying pipes of the sedimentary layer, and the water collecting tank is connected with the stilling well through the siphon, without changing the structure of the stilling well. The water discharge port of the stilling well can be used for the siphon pipe to pass through, thereby reducing the construction workload.

Further, at least three silt layer water collecting and horizontal pipe groups share the same water collecting tank and are radially distributed with the water collecting tank as the center. A uniform collection of water in the silt layer can be achieved.

Further, in the same siltation layer water collection and horizontal pipe group, the middle parts of the upper and lower adjacent sedimentation layer water collection and horizontal pipes are connected by a vertical pipe. Avoid the accumulation of more water when the horizontal water collecting pipe in the silt layer is skewed.

Further, a sandstone layer is provided on the periphery of the silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe and the intercepting channel water collecting horizontal pipe. Improve the leakage effect of water, and prevent the water collecting and horizontal pipes of the silt layer from being blocked by soil.

Further, the length of the interception channel is not greater than 1/2 of the width of the channel downstream of the dam body. Prevent excessive closure and damage the ecological environment.

Further, the height of the horizontal water collecting pipe of the interception channel gradually decreases from one end away from the water collecting well to the direction close to the one end of the water collecting well. Facilitates rapid collection.

Further, the reservoir under the dam is located upstream of the interception channel. The clear water and silt layer water accumulated in the check dam can be collected through the reservoir under the dam for primary collection, and then through the interception channel for secondary collection, making more full use of the water resources in the check dam.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plan view of the specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional layout diagram of the specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the dam body, the stilling well and the silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe of the specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the water storage tank under the dam of the specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the intercepting channel of the specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of another perspective of the interception channel of the specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention;

In the figure: 1- dam body; 11- water discharge channel; 2- silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe; 3- silt layer; 4- standpipe; 5- water collecting tank; 6- stilling well; 61- water discharge port; 7- Siphon; 8- interception channel; 81- geotextile layer; 9- interception channel water collection horizontal pipe; 10- water collection well; 101- reservoir under the dam; 102- water diversion channel;

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A specific embodiment of the check dam water storage system of the present invention is shown in Figures 1 to 6 , the check dam water storage system includes a dam body 1 of a check dam, and the dam body 1 is provided with a water discharge channel connecting upstream and downstream. 11. The end opening of the waterproof channel is the water discharge port of the check dam. There is a siltation layer 3 upstream of the dam body 1, and a siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 is arranged in the sedimentary layer 3, and the upper pipe wall of the sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 is provided with a sedimentary layer water collecting bed for collecting the water in the sedimentary layer 3. Pipe holes, the inner side of the lower pipe wall of the silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 forms a water flow groove for the collected water to flow. The silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 is a patterned concrete pipe. The upper 3/4 part of the concrete pipe has openings, the lower 1/4 part does not have openings, and the upper 3/4 part has an opening rate of 20%~25% (the upper part is 20%~25%). The 3/4 part of the opening area accounts for the proportion of the upper 3/4 part of the total area), in order to prevent the soil of the silt layer 3 from entering the silt layer water collecting pipe 2, the periphery of the silt layer water collecting pipe 2 is filled with pebbles and gravel , forming a sandstone layer. The cost of concrete is low, and the materials can be obtained locally. The 20%~25% open porosity and the sandstone layer can ensure that the water in the silt layer 3 can fully leak into the silt layer water collection and horizontal pipe 2. The lower 1/4 part of the water flow trough without holes can ensure that a certain amount of water can be temporarily stored in the silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 . In other embodiments, the water collecting and horizontal pipes of the silt layer can also be PVC pipes with perforated holes. When the holes on the horizontal water collecting pipes of the silt layer are small enough and the water leakage efficiency is not required, the sand and gravel layer may not be provided.

In this embodiment, the siltation layer water collection and horizontal pipes 2 are arranged in groups. In this embodiment, three groups are arranged. The same group of sedimentation layer water collection and horizontal pipes 2 are arranged in layers up and down, and two adjacent sedimentation layer water collection and horizontal pipes 2 are arranged up and down. The middle part is connected by a vertical pipe 4 , and the bottommost siltation layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 is connected with a water collecting tank 5 , so that the water collected by each sedimentary layer water collecting horizontal pipe 2 enters the water collecting tank 5 . The three sets of siltation layer water collecting pipes share the same water collecting tank and are distributed radially with the water collecting tank as the center. One set of the silt layer water collecting and sleeping pipe group is parallel to the dam body along the dam body, one group is perpendicular to the dam body, and the other group of silt layer water collecting and sleeping pipes are arranged at a certain angle with the dam body . In other embodiments, the same group of silt layer water collecting horizontal pipes may be connected end to end to achieve communication. In other embodiments, the specific number of groups of water collecting and horizontal pipes in the sedimentation layer is set as required, for example, it may be one group or two groups.

The upstream of the dam body 1 is provided with a stilling well 6, and a plurality of water discharge ports 61 arranged at intervals up and down are arranged on the stilling well 6. The bottom of the stilling well 6 is communicated with the water discharge channel 11 on the dam body 1, and through the stilling well 6 The water upstream of the dam body 1 can be discharged downstream. The plurality of water discharge openings 61 can control the water storage height of the upstream water surface of the dam body 1 as required. The check dam water storage system in this embodiment is suitable for the situation where a certain silt layer has been formed after the check dam is used. In the early stage of the use of the check dam, all the drainage holes can be used, but in the later stage of the use of the check dam, after the silt layer reaches a certain height, the lower drainage hole is buried by sediment, and only the upper drainage hole can be used.

Since the water discharge port 61 at the bottom of the stilling well 6 is generally higher, in order to discharge the water in the deposition layer 3 as much as possible, in this embodiment, the height of the horizontal water collecting pipe 2 in the bottommost deposition layer is lower than that of the stilling well. 6. The water discharge port 61 at the bottom, the height of the water collecting tank 5 is also lower than the water discharge port 61 at the bottom of the stilling well 6. In order not to change the structure of the existing stilling well 6, in this embodiment, the water collecting tank 5 and the stilling well The well 6 is communicated through a siphon 7 , and the siphon 7 enters the stilling well 6 through the bottommost water discharge port 61 on the stilling well 6 . The structure of the stilling well 6 is not changed, and the workload of construction is also reduced. In other embodiments, the height of the horizontal water collecting pipe of the sedimentation layer at the bottom can be higher than the water discharge port at the bottom of the stilling well. The water can be led into the stilling well through a straight pipe. Of course, it is not necessary to set up a water collecting tank, and the water in the horizontal water collecting pipe of the deposition layer can be directly led to the stilling well. The silt layer water collecting horizontal pipe is directly connected to the stilling well 6 .

In areas with loose soil, there is a thicker loose sedimentary layer in the channel. When the water volume is small, the water will seep rapidly after flowing into the channel, and will not form surface runoff, but will form an underground undercurrent that flows downstream along the channel. The downstream of the dam body 1 is provided with a reservoir 101 under the dam and a catch channel 8 arranged downstream of the reservoir 101 under the dam along the width direction of the river.

The reservoir 101 under the dam is connected to the water discharge port of the check dam of the water discharge channel 11 through the diversion channel 102, and is used for collecting the clear water and the silt layer water accumulated in the check dam. As shown in FIG. 4 , guardrails are arranged on the periphery of the reservoir 101 under the dam, and a pollution-retaining grille 103 and a water filter screen are arranged outside the water inlet to ensure that the incoming water is clean.

A geotextile layer 81 is arranged on the downstream slope of the interception channel 8 to intercept the underground undercurrent. The geotextile layer 81 is penetrated to a certain depth in a relatively impermeable rock layer to prevent or reduce the infiltration of the underground undercurrent to the downstream. A interception channel is set in the interception channel 8 The horizontal water collecting pipe 9 and the horizontal water collecting pipe 9 of the interception channel shall be drain hidden pipes or PVC pipes with a diameter of 0.4m~0.5m. Coarse sand is used for water filtration, and the top layer is backfilled with undisturbed river soil. In other embodiments, the water collecting and horizontal pipes of the interception channel may also be concrete pipes.

The interception channel water collecting horizontal pipe 9 is a permeable flower pipe, the upper 2/3 of the intercepting channel water collecting horizontal pipe 9 is provided with the intercepting channel water collecting horizontal pipe hole, and the lower 1/3 is the impermeable part, forming the intercepting channel water collecting tank, the intercepting channel One end of 8 is provided with a water collecting well 10 for collecting the water flow in the horizontal water collecting pipe 9 of the interception channel. The height of the end away from the water collecting well 10 gradually decreases toward the end near the water collecting well 10 . The water collecting well 10 is arranged on the side of the interception channel 8 close to the village, and is arranged on one side. In other embodiments, the horizontal water collecting pipes of the interception canal can also be arranged horizontally; the water collecting wells can also be arranged on both sides. At this time, it is suitable for the situation that the intercepting canal is arranged in the middle of the river. The horizontal water collecting pipes of the interception canal can be horizontal or in the middle High and low settings.

In order to prevent excessive interception of the underflow of the channel, the length of the interception channel 8 is equal to half the width of the channel. In other embodiments, the length of the interception channel can be adjusted according to the actual situation, for example, it can be greater than half of the width of the river channel or less than half of the width of the river channel, and of course, in extreme cases, it can also be equal to the width of the river channel.

In order to increase the water storage capacity, in this embodiment, the warping dam water storage system further includes a water storage tank 104 arranged close to the water collecting well 10. When the water volume in the water collecting well 10 reaches the upper limit, the water is pumped into the storage tank by a pumping pump. in the pool 104. In other embodiments, the water storage system of the check dam may be separately provided with a reservoir under the dam or a catch channel to collect water.

When the silt dam water storage system of the present invention is in use, the water in the silt layer is discharged in time through the silt layer water collecting pipe, and then discharged through the stilling well, and then discharged to the downstream of the dam body through the water discharge channel, and passes under the dam body in the downstream of the dam body. The catchment canal water collection and horizontal pipes in the reservoir and interception canal are collected.

The check dam water storage system of the present invention realizes that the water resources with discontinuous and unstable spatial and temporal distribution can be locally distributed by collecting the water resources stored in the check dam and the underflow water under the dam - superimposed storage and efficient utilization. Or limited collection and storage, transforming intermittent and discrete precipitation runoff into a relatively continuous and stable water supply system, collecting and storing a large area of precipitation runoff and using it in a small area to make up for the lack of water supply, which is a dry area. Production and living provide a certain water source guarantee.

Claims (10)

1. A check dam water storage system comprising:

the dam body is provided with a water discharge channel communicated with the upper and lower streams;

the absorption well is arranged at the upper stream of the dam body, a plurality of water discharge ports are arranged on the absorption well at intervals up and down, and the bottom of the absorption well is communicated with the water discharge channel;

it is characterized in that the retaining system of the check dam further comprises:

the sedimentation layer water collection horizontal pipe is used for being arranged in a sedimentation layer at the upstream of the dam body, a sedimentation layer water collection horizontal pipe hole used for collecting water in the sedimentation layer is formed in the upper pipe wall of the sedimentation layer water collection horizontal pipe, and the sedimentation layer water collection horizontal pipe is provided with a plurality of pipes and is communicated with the stilling well so as to discharge the collected water into the stilling well;

the water storage system of the silty dam comprises a reservoir under the dam, wherein the reservoir under the dam is arranged at the downstream of a dam body and is connected with a water discharge channel through a water guide channel for collecting clear water and siltation layer water accumulated in the silty dam, and/or the water storage system of the silty dam comprises an intercepting channel which is arranged at the downstream of the dam body and is arranged along the width direction of a river channel, an intercepting channel water collection horizontal pipe which is arranged in the intercepting channel, an intercepting channel water collection horizontal pipe hole which is used for collecting undercurrent water in the intercepting channel is arranged on the upper pipe wall of the intercepting channel water collection horizontal pipe, a water collection well is arranged at the end part of the intercepting channel, and the water collection well is used for collecting water collected by the intercepting channel water collection.

2. The water storage system for the silt dam according to claim 1 wherein at least two horizontal pipes for collecting the sludge layer are layered on top of each other to form a horizontal pipe group for collecting the sludge layer, the horizontal pipes for collecting the sludge layer in the horizontal pipe group for collecting the sludge layer are connected to each other and the horizontal pipe for collecting the sludge layer in the upper part is connected to the stilling well through the horizontal pipe for collecting the sludge layer in the bottom part.

3. The water storage system for the silt dam according to claim 2 wherein the horizontal water collecting pipe of the bottom of the same horizontal water collecting pipe group of the silt layer is connected with a water collecting tank which is lower than the lowest water discharge port on the stilling well, the water collecting tank is communicated with the stilling well through a siphon pipe, and the siphon pipe penetrates through the lowest water discharge port on the stilling well and extends into the stilling well.

4. The water storage system for a silt dam according to claim 3 wherein at least three horizontal groups of the sludge collection water share the same header tank and are radially distributed with the header tank as a center.

5. The water storage system for a check dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water storage system for a check dam comprises a water collection tank communicating with the horizontal water collection pipe of the sludge layer, the water collection tank being lower than the lowest water discharge port on the stilling well, the water collection tank communicating with the stilling well through a siphon pipe, the siphon pipe extending into the stilling well through the lowest water discharge port on the stilling well.

6. The water storage system for the silt dam according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the middle parts of two adjacent horizontal sludge water collecting pipes are communicated with each other through a vertical pipe in the same horizontal sludge water collecting pipe group.

7. The water storage system of the silt dam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said horizontal silt layer collecting pipes and said horizontal cut-off channel collecting pipes are provided with a sandstone layer on the periphery thereof.

8. The check dam water storage system of any one of claims 1-4 wherein said cut channel has a length no greater than 1/2 of the width of the channel downstream of the dam body.

9. The water accumulating system of the check dam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said intercepting drain catchment horizontal pipes are gradually lowered in height from an end remote from the sump to an end close to the sump.

10. The check dam water storage system of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the underdam reservoir is upstream of the cut-off channel.

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