CN110714246A - Short-process spinning method - Google Patents
Short-process spinning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110714246A CN110714246A CN201910981666.2A CN201910981666A CN110714246A CN 110714246 A CN110714246 A CN 110714246A CN 201910981666 A CN201910981666 A CN 201910981666A CN 110714246 A CN110714246 A CN 110714246A
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- lap
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 244
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010020112 Hirsutism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007378 ring spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108050001922 30S ribosomal protein S17 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
- D01H13/02—Roller arrangements not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
- D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
- D01H5/22—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by rollers only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
- D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
- D01H5/26—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by one or more endless aprons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency short-process spinning method, which comprises the steps of grabbing selected polyester fibers by a disc plucker, opening and removing impurities by a comb needle beater opener, and manufacturing a polyester roll by a single beater lapper in sequence, then performing two-way rolling on the polyester roll to obtain small polyester rolls with improved uniformity and fiber straightness, manufacturing the small polyester rolls into polyester strips by a carding machine, then performing two-way drawing to obtain drawn polyester strips with improved evenness and fiber straightness, and manufacturing the drawn polyester strips into required polyester yarns by roving, spinning and spooling in sequence. This patent is through the dacron book warp two-way and the volume of rolling up improvement book that makes under opening the scutching with short flow to realize the high quality of resultant yarn quality under short flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new textile technology, in particular to a short-process spinning method.
Background
Currently, the chinese textile industry is undergoing a critical period of transition from labor intensive to technology intensive, and intelligent, continuous textile production has become the hallmark and inevitable trend of modern textile mills. The traditional spinning adopts the working procedures of spinning firstly and weaving secondly, and the specific weaving steps are as follows: loose fiber opening and impurity removal, mixing, carding, combing, primary drawing, secondary drawing, roving, spinning, spooling, warping, slashing, tying warp, weft preparation and weaving; the specific weft knitting steps are as follows: loose fiber opening and impurity removing, mixing, carding, combing, primary drawing, secondary drawing, roving, spinning, spooling, heat setting and weft knitting. The main problems in traditional textile processing are: the traditional ring spinning method has the advantages that the working procedures required for processing loose fibers into yarns are multiple, the process is long, the labor is more, the time consumption is more, the cost is high, and the high-efficiency short-process spinning is the basis for shortening the textile process; weaving preparation and weaving process flow after spinning and spinning process is longer, running speed is high, requirements on quality of yarn such as abrasion resistance, strength and hairiness are higher, more yarn hairiness easily causes needle breakage of knitting yarn around a crochet hook or unclear weaving opening, weft insertion efficiency is reduced, yarn abrasion resistance and low strength cause high broken end frequency of weaving warp, low weaving efficiency and poor quality of final products; although the traditional ring spinning has high cohesive force of finished yarn and wide range of spun yarn, the spinning is restricted by factors such as fiber length, rigidity, fiber number and the like, particularly the fiber length is too short, the internal and external transfer cohesive force of the fiber in the yarn forming process is insufficient, the strength of the finished yarn is low, the broken ends of the spun yarn are frequent, and the continuous spinning cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an efficient and short-process spinning method capable of realizing high-quality yarn quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a short-process spinning method specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: cotton blending: adopting polyester fiber, and simultaneously using part of polyester special spinning air draft patterns and polyester special roving heads;
the second step is that: opening and picking: the method comprises the following steps that selected and matched polyester fibers are sequentially grabbed by an FA002 disc plucker, the grabbed polyester fibers are loosened and purified by an FA106 card wire beater opener, a polyester roll is manufactured by an A076 single beater lap former, and the grabbing cotton amount of each tooth of a grabbing beater blade of the disc plucker is kept to be mastered slightly according to the principle of fine grabbing cotton in the disc grabbing cotton process; during the opening of the carding needle beater, the polyester fiber preliminarily opened by the bale plucker is further opened and decontaminated, so that the opening and carding effects are remarkable;
the third step: bidirectional merging: making the polyester coil prepared in the second step into a polyester small coil with improved uniformity and fiber straightness through a bidirectional ribbon lap machine;
the fourth step: carding cotton: finely opening, carding, removing impurities and forming the polyester small rolls prepared in the third step into strips by a carding machine to prepare strip-shaped polyester strips, preferably, an FA201 carding machine is selected, the carding machine is used for improving the mechanical state level of the carding machine, and the process design principle of 'high speed, tight spacing and strong carding' is adopted, so that each channel is required to be smooth and clean without oil stains, and no hanging and accumulated flowers exist in the operation process, so that the produced polyester strips with clear webs, uniform evenness of strips, small uneven weight rate and few neps impurities are produced, and the process requires the sharpness of saw teeth or carding needles, accurate spacing and reasonable speed;
the fifth step: drawing: carrying out two-pass drawing of the first drawing and the second drawing on the polyester drawn slivers prepared in the fourth step to prepare drawn polyester slivers;
and a sixth step: roving: drawing, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester drawn sliver prepared in the fifth step by a roving machine to prepare polyester roving with certain strength;
the seventh step: spinning: drafting, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester roving obtained in the sixth step by a spinning machine to obtain polyester spun yarn with certain strength;
eighth step: spooling: and (4) carrying out a winding machine on the polyester spun yarn prepared in the seventh step to obtain polyester cone yarn.
Further, polyester fiber be single mark polyester fiber, single mark polyester fiber selects for use the linear density of the product of the appearance to be 1.33dtex, the average length is 38 mm's polyester fiber.
Furthermore, the bidirectional lap winder comprises a left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and a right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group are transversely arranged in a left-right parallel mode, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 left polyester coil feeding drafting devices longitudinally arranged in a front-back parallel mode, the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 right polyester coil feeding drafting devices longitudinally arranged in a front-back parallel mode, the number of the left polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group is completely the same as the number of the right polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, and one left polyester coil feeding drafting device and one right polyester coil feeding drafting device transversely arranged in a parallel mode form a bidirectional lap winding group.
Furthermore, the structures of the left polyester roll feeding and drafting devices are completely the same, the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device comprises a left cotton roll feeding roller set, the left cotton roll feeding roller set comprises a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller, left winding drums are placed on the first left cotton roll feeding roller and the second left cotton roll feeding roller, the second step of preparing the polyester rolls are wound on the left winding drums, a left drafting roller set is arranged on the right side of the left cotton roll feeding roller set, the left drafting roller set comprises 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, and the drafting multiple of the left drafting roller set is 1.5-2.5; the structure of each right polyester roll feeding drafting device is completely the same, the right polyester roll feeding drafting device comprises a right cotton roll feeding roller set, the right cotton roll feeding roller set comprises a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller, right winding drums are placed on the first right cotton roll feeding roller and the second right cotton roll feeding roller, the right winding drums are wound with second-step polyester rolls, the right drafting roller set is arranged on the left side of the right cotton roll feeding roller set and comprises 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, and the drafting multiple of the right drafting roller set is 1.5-2.5.
Furthermore, a compacting roller group is arranged between the left polyester roll feeding drafting device and the right polyester roll feeding drafting device of the two-way parallel rolling group, the compacting roller group comprises a left compacting roller and a right compacting roller which are arranged in parallel, a lap roller group is arranged under the compacting roller group, the lap roller group comprises a left lap roller and a right lap roller which are arranged in parallel at the left and the right, the left lap roller and the right lap roller are provided with a winding drum, a left lap feeding roller group of a left polyester lap feeding drafting device and a right lap feeding roller group of a right polyester lap feeding drafting device of a two-way lap group are driven by a motor to rotate at the same rotating speed and in opposite rotating directions, the lap roller group at the lower part of each two-way lap group is driven by a single motor to rotate, thereby driving the winding drum to rotate, and continuously winding the prepared polyester small coil on the winding drum; when in use, the left winding drum wound with the second step of prepared polyester rolls is sequentially placed on a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller of each left polyester roll feeding drafting device, the right winding drum wound with the second step of prepared polyester rolls is sequentially placed on a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller of each right polyester roll feeding drafting device, the left cotton roll feeding roller group of the left polyester roll feeding drafting device and the right cotton roll feeding roller group of the right polyester roll feeding drafting device of each bidirectional parallel winding group are driven by a motor to rotate at the same rotating speed and in opposite directions, so that the polyester rolls on the left polyester roll and the right polyester roll are actively unwound, and the polyester rolls actively unwound from the left polyester roll and the polyester rolls actively unwound from the right polyester roll are respectively drafted by the left drafting roller group and the right drafting roller group to obtain a left net and a right net, then a left dacron net and a right dacron net of two-way group of rolling jointly enter into between the left compression roller and the right compression roller of compression roller group and closely press the back and close and become the dacron lap again, thereby realize the improvement of the fibre straightness that stretches out in the dacron book through the draft, realize the improvement of the degree of consistency through closing again after the draft, the lap roller group is driven by solitary motor and is rotated, thereby drive the winding bobbin and rotate, thereby will make the dacron lap on the winding bobbin constantly, thereby the common processing of 3-8 dacron laps of realization once.
Furthermore, an FA306A high-speed drawing frame is adopted in the first drawing frame, 8 polyester strips prepared in the fourth step are jointly fed in the first drawing frame, the polyester strips are combined again to prepare polyester semi-finished strips after being drawn and attenuated by a drawing system of the drawing frame, the linear density of the fed polyester strips is reduced through the drawing action of the drawing system, meanwhile, the straightening of fibers is realized in the drawing process, the fiber straightening degree in the strips is improved, the random combination of slubs and details in the strips is realized through the re-combination, so that the evenness of the strips is improved, meanwhile, the drawing multiple is slightly larger than the combination number, so that the quantitative quantity of the prepared polyester semi-finished strips is reduced relative to that of the fed polyester strips, and the drawing burden of a subsequent roving process is reduced; the second drawing adopts an FA306 high-speed drawing frame, 8 polyester semi-finished bars are fed together in the second drawing, the polyester semi-finished bars are obtained by drawing and fine drawing through a drawing system of the drawing frame and then are combined again, the linear density of the fed polyester bars is reduced through the drawing action of the drawing system, straightening of fibers is realized in the drawing process, the fiber straightening degree in the bars is improved, random combination of slubs and details in the bars is realized through re-combination, the evenness of the bars is improved, meanwhile, the drawing multiple is slightly larger than the combination number, the quantitative quantity of the obtained polyester semi-finished bars is reduced relative to the quantitative quantity of the fed polyester semi-finished bars, and the drawing burden is reduced for the subsequent roving process.
Furthermore, the roving frame is an FA458 roving frame, in the roving process, the fed polyester drawn sliver is drafted to reduce the linear density of the drawn sliver, the straightness of fibers in the drawn sliver is continuously improved in the drafting process, and the spun roving is twisted by polyester fiber strands obtained after drafting to have certain strength, so that a stable internal friction force field generated under the acting force between the fibers is provided for the subsequent high drafting of the spun yarn; the roving frame drafting system adopts four-roller double-short apron drafting, wherein the middle area is a main drafting area, a apron control element consisting of an upper pin, a lower pin, an upper apron, a lower apron, an upper pin spring and a spacing block is arranged, the front area is a finishing area, and a collector with the caliber of 8 is arranged in the finishing area, so that the fiber diffusion is prevented, the roving frame drafting system has the characteristics of no bundling by drafting and no drafting by bundling, the fiber movement is more stable and reliable, an additional friction force boundary is provided, and the collector with the caliber of 8 is selected by combining production practice; the designed twist of the roving in twisting needs to meet the requirements of the roving for winding and forming, unwinding tension on a spinning machine and back-zone untwisting and drafting of the spinning machine, and when the twist of the roving is designed, the selection of the raw materials is considered to be thinner, the quantification is not very heavy, and the twist factor is selected 56.
Further, the spinning machine is selected from EJM128K spinning machines; co-feeding 2 polyester rovings prepared in the sixth step, wherein the steel collar is PG1-4252 with the diameter of 42mm, and the steel wire ring is BS 16; the drafting system adopts a drafting mode of three-roller long and short rubber rings, and the central distance of the rollers is designed to be 46mm in the central distance of the rollers in the front drafting area and 62mm in the central distance of the rollers in the rear drafting area.
Further, the bobbin winder is a savio bobbin winder; the winding speed of the winding machine mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the raw material of the yarn, the forming characteristics of a cop package and the feeding form of the yarn, the winding speed is lower when the yarn is thinner, the speed is lower when the chemical fiber and the cotton are blended, the cop speed with high density is lower, and the winding linear speed of the winding machine is set to 1150m/min in comprehensive consideration; the winding machine requires the package capacity to reach a certain winding diameter and winding density, strives to be uniform, and performs winding according to a fixed length or fixed diameter mode to achieve the required package capacity; the yarn tension is related to the pressure applied to the yarn by the tension device of the winding machine, and the pressure mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the winding speed, the yarn strength and the yarn raw material, and the yarn tension is controlled to be 10 percent of the yarn strength.
The invention provides a short-process spinning method, which comprises the steps of grabbing selected polyester fibers by a disc plucker, opening and removing impurities by a carding beater opener, and making a polyester roll by a single beater lapper, then making the polyester roll into small polyester rolls with improved uniformity and fiber straightness by two-way rolling, making the small polyester rolls into polyester strips by a carding machine, then making the polyester strips into polyester drawn slivers with improved evenness and fiber straightness by two-drawing, and making the polyester drawn slivers into required polyester yarns by roving, spinning and spooling in sequence. This patent is through the dacron book warp two-way and the volume of rolling up improvement book that makes under opening the scutching with short flow to realize the high quality of resultant yarn quality under short flow.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The short-process spinning method comprises the following steps of grabbing matched polyester fibers by a disc plucker, opening and impurity removal by a comb needle beater opener, and making a polyester roll by a single beater lapper, then making the polyester roll into small polyester rolls with improved uniformity and fiber straightness by bidirectional rolling, making the small polyester rolls into polyester strips by a carding machine, making the polyester strips into drawn polyester drawn slivers with improved evenness and fiber straightness by two-way drawing, and making the drawn polyester drawn slivers into required polyester yarns by roving, spinning and spooling in sequence, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: cotton blending: in order to prevent color difference, single mark polyester fibers are adopted, and meanwhile, in order to save raw materials, part of polyester special spinning air-suction patterns and polyester special roving heads are used, wherein the single mark polyester fibers are the polyester fibers with the linear density of 1.33dtex and the average length of 38mm, which are produced by the ceremony;
the second step is that: opening and picking: the method comprises the following steps that selected and matched polyester fibers are sequentially grabbed by an FA002 disc plucker, primary opening and mixing of the polyester fibers are achieved in the grabbing process, opening and impurity removal of the grabbed polyester fibers are achieved by an FA106 card beater opener, a polyester roll is manufactured through an A076 single beater lap former, and in the disc plucking process, the plucking amount of each tooth of a plucking beater blade of the disc plucker is guaranteed to be mastered slightly according to the principle of fine plucking; during the opening of the carding needle beater, the polyester fiber preliminarily opened by the bale plucker is further opened and decontaminated, so that the opening and carding effects are remarkable;
the third step: bidirectional merging: the polyester coil prepared in the second step is made into polyester small coils with improved uniformity and fiber straightness through a bidirectional coiling machine, the bidirectional coiling machine comprises a left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and a right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group are arranged in parallel in the transverse left-right direction, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 left polyester coil feeding drafting devices which are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the front-back direction, the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 right polyester coil feeding drafting devices which are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the front-back direction, the number of the left polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group is completely the same as the number of the right polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, one left polyester coil feeding drafting device and one right polyester coil feeding drafting device which is arranged in parallel in the transverse direction form a bidirectional coiling group, the structure of each left polyester roll feeding and drafting device is completely the same, the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device comprises a left cotton roll feeding roller group, the left cotton roll feeding roller group comprises a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller, left winding drums are placed on the first left cotton roll feeding roller and the second left cotton roll feeding roller, a second step of polyester rolls are wound on the left winding drums, a left drafting roller group is arranged on the right side of the left cotton roll feeding roller group, the left drafting roller group comprises 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, the drafting multiple of the left drafting roller group is 1.5-2.5, the structure of each right polyester roll feeding and drafting device is completely the same, the right polyester roll feeding and drafting device comprises a right cotton roll feeding roller group, the right cotton roll feeding roller group comprises a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller, right winding drums are placed on the first right cotton roll feeding roller and the second right cotton roll feeding roller, the second step of preparing the polyester roll is wound on a right winding drum, a right drawing roller group is arranged on the left side of a right cotton roll feeding roller group, the right drawing roller group comprises 2-3 rows of drawing rollers, the drawing multiple of the right drawing roller group is 1.5-2.5, a compacting roller group is arranged between a left polyester roll feeding drawing device and a right polyester roll feeding drawing device of a bidirectional winding group, the compacting roller group comprises a left compacting roller and a right compacting roller which are arranged in parallel left and right, a winding roller group is arranged right below the compacting roller group, the winding roller group comprises a left winding roller and a right winding roller which are arranged in parallel left and right, winding drums are arranged on the left winding roller and the right winding roller, and the left cotton roll roller group of the left polyester roll feeding device of the bidirectional winding group and the right cotton roll feeding roller group of the right polyester roll feeding device are driven by a motor to carry out the same rotating speed, The two-way lap-winding roller group is driven by a single motor to rotate, so that the winding drum is driven to rotate, and the prepared polyester small lap is continuously wound on the winding drum; when in use, the left winding drum wound with the second step of prepared polyester rolls is sequentially placed on a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller of each left polyester roll feeding drafting device, the right winding drum wound with the second step of prepared polyester rolls is sequentially placed on a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller of each right polyester roll feeding drafting device, the left cotton roll feeding roller group of the left polyester roll feeding drafting device and the right cotton roll feeding roller group of the right polyester roll feeding drafting device of each bidirectional parallel winding group are driven by a motor to rotate at the same rotating speed and in opposite directions, so that the polyester rolls on the left polyester roll and the right polyester roll are actively unwound, and the polyester rolls actively unwound from the left polyester roll and the polyester rolls actively unwound from the right polyester roll are respectively drafted by the left drafting roller group and the right drafting roller group to obtain a left net and a right net, then a left polyester net and a right polyester net which are combined in a two-way mode enter a space between a left compression roller and a right compression roller of a compression roller group together to be tightly pressed and combined to form a small polyester roll again, so that the fiber straightness in the small polyester roll is improved through drafting, the evenness is improved through recombination after drafting, the winding roller group is driven to rotate by an independent motor to drive a winding drum to rotate, the prepared small polyester roll is continuously wound on the winding drum, and the common processing of 3-8 small polyester rolls is realized at one time;
the fourth step: carding cotton: the polyester small rolls prepared in the third step are finely opened, carded, decontaminated and formed into strips by a carding machine to prepare strip-shaped polyester strips, an FA201 carding machine is selected, the carding machine is used for improving the mechanical state level of the carding machine, and the process design principle of high speed, tight spacing and strong carding is adopted, so that each channel is required to be smooth and free of oil stain, and has no hanging and accumulated flowers in the operation process, so that the produced polyester strips with clear cotton nets, uniform evenness, small weight irregularity and few nep impurities are produced, and the process requires that saw teeth or carding needles are sharp, the spacing is accurate and the speed is reasonable;
the fifth step: drawing: carrying out two-pass drawing on the polyester strips prepared in the fourth step to prepare polyester drawn strips; a FA306A high-speed drawing frame is adopted in the first drawing frame, the polyester strips prepared in the 8 fourth steps are jointly fed in the first drawing frame, the polyester strips are drawn and attenuated by a drawing system of the drawing frame and then recombined to prepare polyester semi-finished strips, the linear density of the fed polyester strips is reduced through the drawing action of the drawing system, simultaneously, the straightening of fibers is realized in the drawing process, the fiber straightness in the strips is improved, the random combination of slubs and details in the strips is realized through the re-doubling, the evenness of the strips is improved, meanwhile, the drawing times are slightly larger than the doubling number, the quantitative quantity of the prepared polyester semi-finished strips is reduced relative to the quantitative quantity of the fed polyester strips, and the drawing burden is reduced for the subsequent roving process; an FA306 high-speed drawing frame is adopted in the second drawing frame, 8 polyester half-cooked slivers are jointly fed in the second drawing frame, the drawn slivers are combined again to prepare the polyester cooked slivers after being drawn and attenuated by a drawing system of the drawing frame, the linear density of the fed polyester slivers is reduced through the drawing action of the drawing system, meanwhile, the straightening of fibers is realized in the drawing process, the fiber straightness in the slivers is improved, the random combination of thick knots and thin knots in the slivers is realized through the re-combination, the evenness of the slivers is improved, meanwhile, the drawing times are slightly larger than the combination number, so that the quantitative quantity of the prepared polyester cooked slivers is reduced relative to the quantitative quantity of the fed polyester half-cooked slivers, and the drawing burden is reduced for the subsequent roving process;
and a sixth step: roving: drawing, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester drawn sliver prepared in the fifth step by a roving machine to prepare polyester roving with certain strength, selecting an FA458 roving machine, reducing the linear density of the drawn sliver by drawing the fed polyester drawn sliver in the roving process, continuously improving the straightness of fibers in the drawn sliver in the drawing process, twisting the polyester fiber strands obtained after drawing to realize that the spun roving has certain strength, thereby providing a stable internal friction force field generated under acting force between the fibers for the subsequent large drawing of spun yarn, and the roving process design mainly aims at improving the quality of the roving and achieving stable elongation, small weight difference, uniform yarn levelness, compact structure and good forming; the drafting system adopts four-roller double-short apron drafting, wherein the middle area is main drafting, a apron control element consisting of an upper pin, a lower pin, an upper apron, a lower apron, an upper pin spring and a spacer block is arranged, the front area is a finishing area, and the collector is arranged in the finishing area, so that the fiber diffusion is prevented, the drafting system has the characteristics of no bundling and no drafting, the fiber movement is more stable and reliable, an additional friction force field is provided, and the collector with the caliber of 8 is selected by combining production practice; the designed twist of the roving in twisting needs to meet the requirements of the roving for winding and forming, unwinding tension on a spinning frame and back-zone untwisting and drafting of the spinning frame, and when the twist of the roving is designed, the selection of the raw materials is considered to be thinner, the quantification is not very heavy, and the twist factor is selected 56;
the seventh step: spinning: drafting, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester roving obtained in the sixth step by a spinning machine to obtain a polyester spun yarn with certain strength, and selecting an EJM128K spinning machine; co-feeding 2 polyester rovings prepared in the sixth step, combining production practice, selecting PG1-4252 as a steel collar with the diameter of 42mm, and selecting BS16 as a steel wire ring; the drafting system adopts a drafting mode of three-roller long and short rubber rings, combines the fiber performance, and designs the roller center distance to be 46mm in the front drafting zone and 62mm in the rear drafting zone;
eighth step: spooling: obtaining polyester cone yarns by using the polyester spun yarns prepared in the seventh step through a winding machine, and selecting a savio winding machine; the winding speed of the winding machine mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the raw material of the yarn, the forming characteristics of a cop package and the feeding form of the yarn, the winding speed is lower when the yarn is thinner, the speed is lower when the chemical fiber and the cotton are blended, the cop speed with high density is lower, and the winding linear speed of the winding machine is set to 1150m/min in comprehensive consideration; the winding machine requires the package capacity to reach a certain winding diameter and winding density, strives to be uniform, and performs winding according to a fixed length or fixed diameter mode to achieve the required package capacity; the yarn tension is related to the pressure applied to the yarn by the tension device of the winding machine, and the pressure mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the winding speed, the yarn strength and the yarn raw material, and the yarn tension is controlled to be 10 percent of the yarn strength.
To prepare a linear density of 32SPure polyester yarn is taken as an example, and corresponding process parameters are as follows：
(1) Raw material selection:
(2) designing key process parameters:
preliminary quantitative selection (based on dry quantitative determination) of each procedure:
| spun yarn ration | 1.843g/100m | Cooked strip ration | 21.3g/5m |
| Rove quantification | 5.18g/10m | Quantitative semi-cooked strip | 21.6g/5m |
| Quantitative polyester cotton roll | 398.41g/m | Quantitative polyester raw sliver | 21.8g/5m |
Opening and picking:
carding cotton:
drawing:
roving:
spinning:
(3) quality of finished yarn
Claims (10)
1. A short-process spinning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: cotton blending: adopting polyester fiber, and simultaneously using part of polyester special spinning air draft patterns and polyester special roving heads;
the second step is that: opening and picking: grabbing the selected polyester fibers by a disc plucker in sequence, opening and removing impurities of the grabbed polyester fibers by a comb needle beater opener, and preparing polyester rolls by a single beater lapper;
the third step: bidirectional merging: making the polyester coil prepared in the second step into a polyester small coil with improved uniformity and fiber straightness through a bidirectional ribbon lap machine;
the fourth step: carding cotton: finely opening, carding and removing impurities of the polyester small rolls prepared in the third step by a carding machine, and forming strips to prepare strip-shaped polyester strips;
the fifth step: drawing: carrying out two-pass drawing of the first drawing and the second drawing on the polyester drawn slivers prepared in the fourth step to prepare drawn polyester slivers;
and a sixth step: roving: drawing, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester drawn sliver prepared in the fifth step by a roving machine to prepare polyester roving with certain strength;
the seventh step: spinning: drafting, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester roving obtained in the sixth step by a spinning machine to obtain polyester spun yarn with certain strength;
eighth step: spooling: and (4) carrying out a winding machine on the polyester spun yarn prepared in the seventh step to obtain polyester cone yarn.
2. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyester fiber is single mark polyester fiber, single mark polyester fiber chooses for use the linear density of the appearance product to be 1.33dtex, the average length is 38 mm's polyester fiber.
3. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step of opening and picking, the selected polyester fibers are sequentially grabbed by an FA002 disc plucker, the grabbed polyester fibers are loosened and purified by an FA106 card beater opener, and the polyester rolls are prepared by an A076 single beater lap lapper.
4. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bidirectional lap winder comprises a left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and a right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group are transversely arranged in a left-right parallel mode, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 left polyester coil feeding drafting devices longitudinally arranged in a front-back parallel mode, the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 right polyester coil feeding drafting devices longitudinally arranged in a front-back parallel mode, the number of the left polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group is completely the same as the number of the right polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, and one bidirectional lap winding group is formed by one left polyester coil feeding drafting device and one right polyester coil feeding drafting device transversely arranged in a parallel mode.
5. A short-run spinning process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the structure of each left polyester roll feeding and drafting device is completely the same, the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device comprises a left cotton roll feeding roller set, the left cotton roll feeding roller set comprises a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller, left winding drums are placed on the first left cotton roll feeding roller and the second left cotton roll feeding roller, a second-step prepared polyester roll is wound on the left winding drum, a left drafting roller set is arranged on the right side of the left cotton roll feeding roller set, the left drafting roller set comprises 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, and the drafting multiple of the left drafting roller set is 1.5-2.5; the structure of each right polyester roll feeding drafting device is completely the same, the right polyester roll feeding drafting device comprises a right cotton roll feeding roller set, the right cotton roll feeding roller set comprises a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller, right winding drums are placed on the first right cotton roll feeding roller and the second right cotton roll feeding roller, the right winding drums are wound with second-step polyester rolls, the right drafting roller set is arranged on the left side of the right cotton roll feeding roller set and comprises 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, and the drafting multiple of the right drafting roller set is 1.5-2.5.
6. A short-run spinning process according to claim 4, characterized in that: a compacting roller group is arranged between the left polyester roll feeding drafting device and the right polyester roll feeding drafting device of the two-way parallel rolling group, the compacting roller group comprises a left compacting roller and a right compacting roller which are arranged in parallel left and right, a lap roller group is arranged under the compacting roller group, the lap roller group comprises a left lap roller and a right lap roller which are arranged in parallel at the left and the right, the left lap roller and the right lap roller are provided with a winding drum, a left lap feeding roller group of a left polyester lap feeding drafting device and a right lap feeding roller group of a right polyester lap feeding drafting device of a two-way lap group are driven by a motor to rotate at the same rotating speed and in opposite rotating directions, the lap roller group at the lower part of each two-way lap group is driven by a single motor to rotate, thereby driving the winding drum to rotate, and continuously winding the prepared polyester small coil on the winding drum.
7. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first drawing adopts an FA306A high-speed drawing frame, the polyester strips prepared in the fourth step are fed together in the first drawing, and are drawn and attenuated by a drawing system of the drawing frame and then recombined to prepare polyester half-cooked strips; and the second drawing adopts an FA306 high-speed drawing frame, 8 polyester half-finished slivers are fed together in the second drawing, and the polyester half-finished slivers are obtained by drawing and fine drawing of a drawing system of the drawing frame and re-drawing.
8. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roving frame adopts an FA458 roving frame, a four-roller double-short apron drafting system adopts four-roller double-short apron drafting, the middle area is a main drafting area, a apron control element consisting of an upper pin, a lower pin, an upper apron, a lower apron, an upper pin spring and a spacing block is arranged, the front area is a sorting area, a collector with the caliber of 8 is arranged in the sorting area, and the twist factor is 56.
9. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spinning machine is selected from EJM128K spinning machines; co-feeding 2 polyester rovings prepared in the sixth step, wherein the steel collar is PG1-4252 with the diameter of 42mm, and the steel wire ring is BS 16; the drafting system adopts a drafting mode of three-roller long and short rubber rings, and the central distance of the rollers is designed to be 46mm in the central distance of the rollers in the front drafting area and 62mm in the central distance of the rollers in the rear drafting area.
10. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bobbin winder is a savio bobbin winder, the winding linear speed of the bobbin winder is set to 1150m/min, and the yarn tension is controlled to be 10% of the yarn strength.
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| US11359309B2 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-14 | Target Brands, Inc. | Ring spun yarn and method |
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