CN110714246B - A kind of short-flow spinning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency and short-flow spinning method. The polyester fiber is formed by successively grabbing the selected polyester fibers by a disc catching machine, opening and removing impurities by a carding needle beater cotton opener, and a single beater hand roll forming machine. Then, the polyester roll is double-coiled to obtain a polyester small roll with improved uniformity and fiber straightness. The polyester sliver with improved dry uniformity and fiber straightness, the polyester sliver is then successively processed by roving, spun yarn and winding to obtain the desired polyester yarn. This patent improves the uniformity and fiber straightness of the spool by bi-directional parallel winding of the polyester lap made under the short process of opening and cleaning, so as to realize the high quality of the yarn quality in the short process.

Description

A kind of short-flow spinning method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of new textile technology, in particular to a short-flow spinning method.

Background technique

At present, China's textile industry is going through a critical period of transition from labor-intensive to technology-intensive. Intelligent and continuous textile production has become the symbol and inevitable trend of modern textile factories. Traditional weaving adopts the first spinning and then weaving process. The specific weaving steps are: loose fiber opening and impurity removal, mixing, carding, combing, first drawing, second drawing, roving, spinning, winding, warping, Sizing, threading and knotting, weft preparation and weaving; the specific weft knitting steps are: loose fiber opening and impurity removal, mixing, carding, combing, first drawing, second drawing, roving, spinning, winding, Heat set, weft knitted. The main problems in traditional textile processing are: traditional ring spinning requires many processes to process loose fibers into yarns, long process, labor-intensive, time-consuming, and high cost. High-efficiency and short-process spinning shortens the textile process. Basic; weaving preparation and weaving process after spinning and spinning process are long, high running speed, and high quality requirements for yarn wear resistance, strength, hairiness, etc. Yarn hairiness is easy to cause knitting yarn to break around the crochet needle or break. The unclear weaving opening reduces the efficiency of weft insertion, and the wear resistance and low strength of the yarn lead to high frequency of woven warp yarn breakage, low weaving efficiency, and poor quality of the final product; although the traditional ring spinning has high yarn cohesion and spun yarn The yarn count range is wide, but spinning is restricted by factors such as fiber length, stiffness, and fiber number, especially if the fiber length is too short, the fiber transfer cohesion is insufficient during the yarn forming process, the yarn strength is low, and the spinning ends are frequently broken. , Unable to spin continuously.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and short-flow spinning method capable of realizing high-quality yarn quality.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

A short-flow spinning method, specifically comprising the following steps:

The first step: cotton matching: polyester fiber is used, and part of polyester special spinning suction flower and polyester special roving head are used at the same time;

The second step: opening and cleaning: the selected polyester fibers are grabbed by the FA002 disc grabbing machine in turn, and the FA106 carding and beater opener is used to realize the opening and impurity removal of the grabbed polyester fibers. The polyester roll is obtained by the single-hand roll forming machine. In the process of disc grabbing cotton, according to the principle of fine cotton grabbing, it is ensured that the amount of cotton grabbing per tooth of the cotton grabbing beater blade of the disc grabbing machine is small; , to further open and remove impurities for the polyester fiber initially opened by the cotton picker, which has a significant opening and carding effect;

The third step: two-way parallel rolling: the polyester roll obtained in the second step is subjected to a two-way parallel rolling machine to obtain a small polyester roll with improved uniformity and fiber straightness;

The fourth step: Carding: the polyester small roll obtained in the third step is carefully opened, combed, impurity-removed, and formed into strips by the carding machine to obtain strip-shaped polyester strips. Preferably, FA201 carding machine is used. The carding machine should improve the mechanical state level of the carding machine, and adopt the process design principle of "high speed, tight spacing, strong carding", and require that each channel should be clean and oil-free, and there will be no hanging flowers and accumulated flowers during operation, so that To produce polyester sliver with clear cotton web, uniform evenness, low weight unevenness and less neps and impurities, the process requires sharp sawtooth or comb needle, accurate spacing and reasonable speed;

The fifth step: drawing: the polyester sliver obtained in the fourth step is made by the two drawing frames of the first drawing frame and the second drawing frame to obtain the polyester sliver;

The sixth step: roving: the polyester sliver obtained in the fifth step is drawn, drawn and twisted by the roving frame to obtain a polyester roving with a certain strength;

The seventh step: spinning: the polyester roving obtained in the sixth step is drawn, thinned, twisted and wound by the spinning frame to obtain a polyester spun yarn with a certain strength;

The eighth step: winding: the polyester spun yarn obtained in the seventh step is passed through the winding machine to obtain the polyester tube yarn.

Further, the polyester fiber is a single-mark polyester fiber, and the single-mark polyester fiber is a polyester fiber with a linear density of 1.33 dtex and an average length of 38 mm produced by Yizheng.

Further, the two-way doubling machine includes a left polyester coil feeding and drafting device group and a right polyester coil feeding and drafting device group, a left polyester coil feeding and drafting device group and a right polyester coil feeding and drafting device group. The left and right polyester coil feeding and drafting devices are arranged in parallel in the transverse direction. The left polyester coil feeding and drafting device group includes 3-8 left polyester coil feeding and drafting devices that are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction. The right polyester coil feeding and drafting device group includes 3-8 A right polyester roll feeding and drafting device arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction, the number of left polyester roll feeding and drafting devices included in the left polyester roll feeding drafting device group The numbers of the right polyester roll feeding and drafting devices are exactly the same. A left polyester roll feeding and drafting device and a right polyester roll feeding and drafting device arranged transversely and parallel to it form a bidirectional parallel winding group.

Further, each of the left polyester roll feeding and drafting devices has the same structure, the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device includes a left lap feeding roller group, and the left lap feeding roller group includes the first left lap The feeding roller and the second left lap feeding roller are placed on the first left lap feeding roller and the second left lap feeding roller, and the left reel is wound with a second step. Polyester roll, a left drafting roller group is arranged on the right side of the left cotton lap feeding roller group, the left drafting roller group includes 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, and the drafting ratio of the left drafting roller group is between 1.5-2.5 The structure of each right polyester roll feeding and drafting device is exactly the same, the right polyester roll feeding and drafting device includes the right lap feeding roller group, and the right lap feeding roller group includes the first right lap feeding roller and The second right lap feeding roller is placed on the first right lap feeding roller and the second right lap feeding roller, and a right reel is wound on the right reel, and the polyester roll obtained in the second step is wound on the right reel. The left side of the right lap feeding roller group is provided with a right drafting roller group, the right drafting roller group includes 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, and the drafting ratio of the right drafting roller group is between 1.5-2.5.

Further, a pressing roller group is arranged between the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device and the right polyester roll feeding and drafting device of one of the two-way parallel winding groups, and the pressing roller group The pressing roller and the right pressing roller are provided with a rolling roller group directly below the pressing roller group. A winding drum is placed on the winding roller, a left polyester lap feeding roller set of the two-way parallel winding group is fed into the left lap feeding roller set of the drafting device and the right lap feeding roller set of the right polyester lap feeding drafting device is jointly composed of A motor drives the rotation with the same rotation speed and opposite direction, and the rolling roller group at the lower part of each bidirectional parallel winding group is driven by a separate motor to rotate, thereby driving the winding drum to rotate, so as to continuously wind the produced polyester small rolls. On the winding drum; when in use, place the left reel on which the polyester roll obtained in the second step is wound in turn on the first left cotton roll feeding roller and the second left cotton roll of each left polyester roll feeding and drafting device On the roll feeding roller, the right reel on which the polyester roll obtained in the second step is wound is placed in sequence on the first right lap feeding roller and the second right lap feeding roller of each right polyester roll feeding and drafting device. Above, the left lap feeding roller set of each bidirectional parallel winding group is fed into the left lap feeding roller set of the drafting device and the right lap feeding roller set of the right polyester lap feeding drafting device is jointly driven by a motor to rotate at the same speed. , turn to the opposite rotation, so as to realize the active unwinding of the polyester roll on the left polyester roll and the right polyester roll. After the drafting action of the drafting roller group and the right drafting roller group, the left polyester mesh and the right polyester mesh are obtained, and then the left polyester mesh and the right polyester mesh of the two-way parallel winding group together enter the left compacting roller of the compacting roller group. After close pressing between the roller and the right pressing roller, they are combined to form polyester small rolls, so that the straightness of the fibers in the polyester roll can be improved by drafting, and the uniformity can be improved by recombining after drafting. The winding roller group is driven to rotate by a separate motor, thereby driving the winding drum to rotate, so that the produced polyester small rolls are continuously wound on the winding drum, so as to realize the joint processing of 3-8 polyester small rolls at one time.

Further, the FA306A high-speed drawing frame is used in the first drawing frame, and 8 polyester slivers obtained in the fourth step are used to feed together in the first drawing frame, and are drawn by the drafting system of the drawing frame. After stretching and thinning, the polyester sliver is recombined to make polyester semi-cooked sliver. Through the drafting action of the drafting system, the linear density of the fed polyester sliver is reduced, and at the same time, the fiber is straightened during the stretching process, and the fiber in the sliver is improved. Straightness, through re-merging to achieve random combination of thick knots and details in the sliver, thereby improving the evenness of the sliver, and setting the draft ratio slightly larger than the number of merging, so as to make the polyester semi-cooked sliver Quantitative The quantitative reduction of the relatively fed polyester sliver reduces the drafting burden for the subsequent roving process; the FA306 high-speed drawing frame is used in the second drawing frame, and 8 polyester half-cooked frames are used in the second drawing frame. The sliver is fed together, and after being thinned by the drafting system of the drawing frame, the polyester sliver is re-combined to obtain the polyester sliver. During the stretching process, the straightening of the fibers is realized, the straightness of the fibers in the sliver is improved, and the random combination of thick sections and details in the sliver is realized by re-merging, so as to improve the evenness of the sliver, and the draft ratio is set slightly. If it is larger than the number of merging, the ration of the prepared polyester sliver is reduced relative to that of the fed polyester half-cooked sliver, thereby reducing the drafting burden for the subsequent roving process.

Further, the roving frame is selected as FA458 roving frame. During the roving process, the linear density of the sliver is reduced by drafting the fed polyester sliver, and at the same time, the internal density of the sliver is continuously improved during the drafting process. The straightness of the fibers can be improved by twisting the polyester whiskers obtained after drafting to achieve a certain strength of the spun rovings, so as to provide stability under the force between fibers for the subsequent large drafting of the spun yarns. The main purpose of the roving process design is to improve the quality of the roving, to achieve stable elongation, small weight difference, uniform evenness, compact structure and good shape; the drafting system of the roving frame adopts four rollers and double short apron drafting. , the middle area is the main drafting area, and the apron control element composed of upper and lower pins, upper and lower aprons, upper pin springs, and spacers is set up. The front area is the finishing area, and the collector with a diameter of 8 is set in the finishing area. , so as to prevent the fiber from spreading. It has the characteristics of no drafting and no drafting, which makes the fiber movement more stable and reliable, provides additional friction force, and selects a collector with a diameter of 8 in combination with production practice. It is necessary to meet the needs of winding and forming of the roving itself, as well as the need for unwinding tension on the spinning frame, and more importantly, to meet the needs of the large draft of the spinning frame for the untwisting draft in the rear area. When designing the twist of the roving, consider the raw materials. The selected one is finer, the ration is not very heavy, and the twist coefficient is selected as 56.

Further, the spinning frame is EJM128K spinning frame; two polyester rovings obtained in the sixth step are used to feed together, the ring is selected from PG1-4252, the diameter is 42mm, and the traveler is selected as BS16; the drafting system adopts three-roller length. For the drafting form of the rubber ring, the designed roller center distance is 46mm in the front drafting area and 62mm in the rear drafting area.

Further, the described winder selects the savio winder; the winding speed of the winder mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the raw material of the yarn, the forming characteristics of the bobbin package and the feeding form of the yarn. When it is thin, the winding speed should be lower, when chemical fiber and cotton are blended, the speed should be slower, and the speed of the cop with high winding density should be lower. Comprehensive consideration, the winding speed of the winder is set to 1150m/min; The winding machine requires a certain winding diameter and winding density for the package capacity, and strives to be uniform, and the winding is carried out in a fixed length or a fixed diameter to achieve the required package capacity; yarn tension and winding The pressure exerted by the tension device of the drum machine on the yarn is related, and the pressure mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the winding speed, the yarn strength, and the yarn raw material. The yarn tension is controlled at 10% of the yarn strength.

The invention provides a short-flow spinning method, which comprises the steps of sequentially grabbing the selected polyester fibers by a disc catching machine, opening and removing impurities by a carding needle beater opener, and forming a polyester roll by a single beater. Then, the polyester rolls are double-coiled to obtain polyester small rolls with improved uniformity and fiber straightness. The polyester sliver with improved fiber straightness and fiber straightness is obtained, and the polyester sliver is then successively processed by roving, spun yarn and winding to obtain the desired polyester yarn. This patent improves the uniformity and fiber straightness of the spool by bi-directional parallel winding of the polyester lap made under the short process of opening and cleaning, so as to realize the high quality of the yarn quality in the short process.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

A short-process spinning method, by sequentially grabbing the selected polyester fibers by a disc catching machine, opening and removing impurities by a carding needle beater opener, and single-handed rolling machine into a polyester roll, and then the polyester roll is formed. The polyester small rolls with improved uniformity and fiber straightness are obtained by bi-directional parallel rolling. The polyester sliver with improved straightness, the polyester sliver is then successively processed by roving, spun yarn and winding to obtain the required polyester yarn, which specifically includes the following steps:

The first step: cotton matching: in order to prevent the color difference, single-mark polyester fiber is used, and in order to save raw materials, some polyester-specific wind-absorbing flowers and polyester-specific roving heads are used. Polyester fiber with a length of 38mm;

The second step: opening and cleaning: the selected polyester fibers are grabbed by the FA002 disc grabbing machine in turn, and the preliminary opening and mixing of the polyester fibers are realized in the grabbing process, and the polyester fibers are preliminarily opened and mixed in the grabbing process. Realize the opening and impurity removal of the grabbed polyester fiber, and the polyester roll is obtained by the A076 single-hand roll forming machine. The amount of catching cotton per tooth is relatively small; in the opening of the needle beater, the polyester fiber initially opened by the catching machine is further opened and removed, which has a significant opening and carding effect;

The third step: two-way parallel winding: the polyester roll obtained in the second step is passed through the two-way parallel rolling machine to obtain polyester small rolls with improved uniformity and fiber straightness. The two-way parallel rolling machine includes the left polyester roll to feed the drafting device group and the right polyester coil feeding and drafting device group, the left polyester coil feeding and drafting device group and the right polyester coil feeding and drafting device group are horizontally arranged in parallel left and right, and the left polyester coil feeding and drafting device group includes 3-8 A left polyester roll feeding and drafting device arranged in parallel longitudinally, the right polyester roll feeding and drafting device group includes 3-8 right polyester roll feeding and drafting devices arranged in a front and rear parallel along the longitudinal direction, and the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device The number of left polyester coil feeding and drafting devices included in the feeding and drafting device group is exactly the same as the number of right polyester coil feeding and drafting devices included in the right polyester coil feeding and drafting device group. One left polyester coil is fed into the drafting device. The drawing device and a right polyester roll feeding and drafting device arranged in parallel with it form a two-way parallel winding group. The structure of each left polyester roll feeding and drafting device is exactly the same. The lap feeding roller group, the left lap feeding roller group includes the first left lap feeding roller and the second left lap feeding roller, in the first left lap feeding roller and the second left lap feeding roller A left reel is placed on the left reel, and the polyester roll made in the second step is wound on the left reel. A left drafting roller group is arranged on the right side of the left cotton lap feeding roller group, and the left drafting roller group includes 2-3 Row drafting roller, the drafting ratio of the left drafting roller group is between 1.5-2.5, the structure of each right polyester coil feeding drafting device is exactly the same, the right polyester coil feeding drafting device includes the right cotton lap feeding roller Group, right lap feeding roller The group includes the first right lap feeding roller and the second right lap feeding roller, on which the right lap feeding roller and the second right lap feeding roller are placed. Reel, the right reel is wound with a polyester roll made in the second step, and a right drafting roller group is arranged on the left side of the right lap feeding roller group, and the right drafting roller group includes 2-3 rows of drafting rollers , the drafting ratio of the right drafting roller group is between 1.5-2.5, and a pressing roller group is set between the left polyester coil feeding drafting device and the right polyester coil feeding drafting device of a two-way parallel winding group. The compression roller group includes left and right compression rollers arranged in parallel on the left and right, and a coiling roller group is arranged directly below the compression roller group. The coiling roller group includes left and right coiling rollers and right Winding roller, winding drums are placed on the left winding roller and right winding roller, a left polyester roll feeding and drafting device of a two-way parallel winding group Left cotton lap feeding roller group and right polyester roll feeding drafting device The right lap feeding roller group of the device is jointly driven by a motor to rotate with the same speed and opposite direction. The obtained polyester small roll is continuously wound on the winding drum; when in use, the left roll on which the polyester roll obtained in the second step is wound is placed in the first place of each left polyester roll feeding and drafting device. On the left lap feeding roller and the second left lap feeding roller, the right spool on which the polyester lap made in the second step is wound is placed in sequence on the first right lap feeding and drafting device of each right polyester lap feeding and drafting device. Roller and the second right lap feeding roller, the left polyester lap feeding roller of each bidirectional parallel group feeds the left lap feeding roller set of the drafting device and the right lap feeding roller of the drafting device. The groups are jointly driven by a motor to rotate with the same speed and opposite direction, so as to realize the active unwinding of the polyester roll on the left polyester roll and the polyester roll on the right polyester roll, and the polyester roll automatically unwound from the left polyester roll and the right polyester roll. The unwound polyester rolls are respectively drawn by the left and right drafting roller groups to obtain the left polyester mesh and the right polyester mesh, and then the left and right polyester meshes of the two-way parallel winding group enter into After tight pressing between the left and right compression rollers of the compression roller group, they are combined to form polyester small rolls, so that the straightness of the fibers in the polyester roll can be improved by drafting, and the re-winding after drafting can be achieved. Combined to achieve the improvement of uniformity, the rolling roller group is driven to rotate by a separate motor, thereby driving the winding drum to rotate, so that the produced polyester small rolls are continuously wound on the winding drum, so as to realize 3- Co-processing of 8 small polyester rolls;

The fourth step: Carding: the polyester small volume obtained in the third step is carefully opened, combed, impurity-removed, and formed into strips by the carding machine to obtain strip-shaped polyester strips. FA201 carding machine, carding machine In order to improve the mechanical state level of the carding machine, the process design principle of "high speed, tight spacing, and strong carding" is adopted, and it is required that each channel should be clean and oil-free, and there will be no hanging flowers and accumulated flowers during operation, so as to produce cotton Polyester strips with clear nets, uniform evenness, low weight unevenness and less neps and impurities require sharp serrations or needles, accurate spacing and reasonable speed in terms of technology;

The fifth step: drawing frame: the polyester sliver obtained in the fourth step is drawn through two passes to obtain polyester sliver; the first drawing frame adopts FA306A high-speed drawing frame, and the first drawing frame adopts 8 The polyester sliver prepared in the four steps is fed together, and after being thinned by the drafting system of the drawing frame, the polyester sliver is re-combined to obtain the polyester semi-cooked sliver. The density is reduced, and the straightening of the fibers is achieved during the drawing process, which improves the straightness of the fibers in the sliver. The random combination of thick places and details in the sliver is realized by re-merging, thereby improving the evenness of the sliver. At the same time, the drafting ratio is set to be slightly larger than the merging number, so that the quantitative ratio of the prepared polyester sliver is reduced relative to that of the fed polyester sliver, thereby reducing the drafting burden for the subsequent roving process; in the second drawing frame FA306 high-speed drawing frame is used, and 8 polyester semi-cooked sliver is used for feeding in the second drawing frame. The drafting action will reduce the linear density of the fed polyester sliver, and at the same time realize the straightening of the fibers during the drawing process, improve the straightness of the fibers in the sliver, and realize the thick knots and details in the sliver by re-merging. Random combination can improve the evenness of the sliver, and at the same time, the draft ratio is set to be slightly larger than the number of combinations, so that the quantitative ratio of the prepared polyester sliver is reduced relative to that of the fed polyester half-cooked sliver. Roving process reduces drafting burden;

The sixth step: roving: the polyester sliver obtained in the fifth step is drawn, stretched, twisted and wound into a polyester roving with a certain strength, and the FA458 roving frame is selected. The drafting of the incoming polyester sliver can reduce the linear density of the sliver, and at the same time continue to improve the straightness of the fibers in the sliver during the drafting process. By twisting the polyester sliver obtained after the drafting , to realize that the roving spun has a certain strength, so as to provide a stable internal friction field generated by the force between fibers for the large draft of the spun yarn in the subsequent passage. Stability, small weight difference, evenness, compact structure and good shape; the drafting system adopts four rollers and double short aprons for drafting, in which the central area is the main drafting area. The apron control element composed of springs and spacers, the front area is the finishing area, and the collector is set in the finishing area to prevent the fibers from spreading. Provide additional friction force, and choose a collector with a diameter of 8 in combination with production practice; the design twist of the roving in twisting must meet the needs of the roving itself, as well as the unwinding tension on the spinning frame. The large draft of the spinning frame requires the untwisting draft in the rear area. When designing the twist of the roving, considering that the raw material is selected to be fine and the ration is not very heavy, the twist coefficient is selected as 56;

Step 7: Spinning: The polyester roving obtained in the sixth step is drawn, stretched, twisted and wound by the spinning frame to obtain a polyester spun yarn with a certain strength, and the EJM128K spinning frame is used; The polyester rovings are fed together. Combined with production practice, the steel ring is selected as PG1-4252, with a diameter of 42mm, and the traveler is selected as BS16; the drafting system adopts the drafting form of three-roller long and short aprons, and combined with the fiber properties, the center distance of the rollers is designed as the front The roller center distance in the drafting area is 46mm, and the roller center distance in the rear drafting area is 62mm;

The eighth step: winding: the polyester spun yarn obtained in the seventh step is obtained by the winding machine to obtain the polyester yarn, and the savio winding machine is used; the winding speed of the winding machine mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, the raw material of the yarn, and the bobbin volume. The forming characteristics of the package and the feeding form of the yarn, when the yarn is thinner, the winding speed is lower, when the chemical fiber is blended with cotton, the speed is slower, and the bobbin with high winding density has a lower speed. The winding line speed of the winding machine is set to 1150m/min; the winding machine requires a certain winding diameter and winding density for the packaging capacity, and strives to be uniform, and the winding is carried out according to the method of fixed length or fixed diameter. In order to achieve the required package capacity; the yarn tension is related to the pressure exerted by the winding machine tension device on the yarn, and the pressure mainly depends on the thickness of the yarn, winding speed, yarn strength, yarn raw material , the yarn tension is controlled at 10% of the yarn strength.

Taking the preparation of pure polyester yarn with a linear density of 32 ^S as an example, the corresponding process parameters are as follows:

(1) Raw material selection:

(2) Design of key process parameters:

Preliminary quantitative selection of each process (subject to dry quantitative):

Spinning basis 1.843g/100m Cooked bar quantification 21.3g/5m Roving basis 5.18g/10m Half-cooked strips quantification 21.6g/5m Polyester Cotton Roll Quantitative 398.41g/m Polyester sliver quantitative 21.8g/5m

Open and clean cotton:

Carding:

Draw:

Roving:

Spinning yarn:

(3) Yarn quality

Claims (7)

1. A short-process spinning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the first step is as follows: cotton blending: adopting polyester fiber, and simultaneously using part of polyester special spinning air draft patterns and polyester special roving heads;

the second step is that: opening and picking: grabbing the selected polyester fibers by a disc plucker in sequence, realizing preliminary opening and mixing of the polyester fibers in the grabbing process, opening and removing impurities of the grabbed polyester fibers by a comb needle beater scutcher, and preparing a polyester roll by a single beater scutcher;

the third step: bidirectional merging: the polyester coil prepared in the second step is made into polyester small coils with improved uniformity and fiber straightness through a bidirectional coiling machine, the bidirectional coiling machine comprises a left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and a right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group and the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group are arranged in parallel in the transverse left-right direction, the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 left polyester coil feeding drafting devices which are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the front-back direction, the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group comprises 3-8 right polyester coil feeding drafting devices which are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the front-back direction, the number of the left polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the left polyester coil feeding drafting device group is completely the same as the number of the right polyester coil feeding drafting devices contained in the right polyester coil feeding drafting device group, one left polyester coil feeding drafting device and one right polyester coil feeding drafting device which is arranged in parallel in the transverse direction form a bidirectional coiling group, the structure of each left polyester roll feeding and drafting device is completely the same, the left polyester roll feeding and drafting device comprises a left cotton roll feeding roller group, the left cotton roll feeding roller group comprises a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller, left winding drums are placed on the first left cotton roll feeding roller and the second left cotton roll feeding roller, a second step of polyester rolls are wound on the left winding drums, a left drafting roller group is arranged on the right side of the left cotton roll feeding roller group, the left drafting roller group comprises 2-3 rows of drafting rollers, the drafting multiple of the left drafting roller group is 1.5-2.5, the structure of each right polyester roll feeding and drafting device is completely the same, the right polyester roll feeding and drafting device comprises a right cotton roll feeding roller group, the right cotton roll feeding roller group comprises a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller, right winding drums are placed on the first right cotton roll feeding roller and the second right cotton roll feeding roller, the second step of preparing the polyester roll is wound on a right winding drum, a right drawing roller group is arranged on the left side of a right cotton roll feeding roller group, the right drawing roller group comprises 2-3 rows of drawing rollers, the drawing multiple of the right drawing roller group is 1.5-2.5, a compacting roller group is arranged between a left polyester roll feeding drawing device and a right polyester roll feeding drawing device of a bidirectional winding group, the compacting roller group comprises a left compacting roller and a right compacting roller which are arranged in parallel left and right, a winding roller group is arranged right below the compacting roller group, the winding roller group comprises a left winding roller and a right winding roller which are arranged in parallel left and right, winding drums are arranged on the left winding roller and the right winding roller, and the left cotton roll roller group of the left polyester roll feeding device of the bidirectional winding group and the right cotton roll feeding roller group of the right polyester roll feeding device are driven by a motor to carry out the same rotating speed, The two-way lap-winding roller group is driven by a single motor to rotate, so that the winding drum is driven to rotate, and the prepared polyester small lap is continuously wound on the winding drum; when in use, the left winding drum wound with the second step of prepared polyester rolls is sequentially placed on a first left cotton roll feeding roller and a second left cotton roll feeding roller of each left polyester roll feeding drafting device, the right winding drum wound with the second step of prepared polyester rolls is sequentially placed on a first right cotton roll feeding roller and a second right cotton roll feeding roller of each right polyester roll feeding drafting device, the left cotton roll feeding roller group of the left polyester roll feeding drafting device and the right cotton roll feeding roller group of the right polyester roll feeding drafting device of each bidirectional parallel winding group are driven by a motor to rotate at the same rotating speed and in opposite directions, so that the polyester rolls on the left polyester roll and the right polyester roll are actively unwound, and the polyester rolls actively unwound from the left polyester roll and the polyester rolls actively unwound from the right polyester roll are respectively drafted by the left drafting roller group and the right drafting roller group to obtain a left net and a right net, then a left polyester net and a right polyester net which are combined in a two-way mode enter a space between a left compression roller and a right compression roller of a compression roller group together to be tightly pressed and combined to form a small polyester roll again, so that the fiber straightness in the small polyester roll is improved through drafting, the evenness is improved through recombination after drafting, the winding roller group is driven to rotate by an independent motor to drive a winding drum to rotate, the prepared small polyester roll is continuously wound on the winding drum, and the common processing of 3-8 small polyester rolls is realized at one time;

the fourth step: carding cotton: finely opening, carding and removing impurities of the polyester small rolls prepared in the third step by a carding machine, and forming strips to prepare strip-shaped polyester strips;

the fifth step: drawing: carrying out two-pass drawing of the first drawing and the second drawing on the polyester drawn slivers prepared in the fourth step to prepare drawn polyester slivers;

and a sixth step: roving: drawing, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester drawn sliver prepared in the fifth step by a roving machine to prepare polyester roving with certain strength;

the seventh step: spinning: drafting, thinning, twisting and winding the polyester roving obtained in the sixth step by a spinning machine to obtain polyester spun yarn with certain strength;

eighth step: spooling: and (4) carrying out a winding machine on the polyester spun yarn prepared in the seventh step to obtain polyester cone yarn.

2. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyester fiber is single mark polyester fiber, single mark polyester fiber chooses for use the linear density of the appearance product to be 1.33dtex, the average length is 38 mm's polyester fiber.

3. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step of opening and picking, the selected polyester fibers are sequentially grabbed by an FA002 disc plucker, the grabbed polyester fibers are loosened and purified by an FA106 card beater opener, and the polyester rolls are prepared by an A076 single beater lap lapper.

4. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first drawing adopts an FA306A high-speed drawing frame, the polyester strips prepared in the fourth step are fed together in the first drawing, and are drawn and attenuated by a drawing system of the drawing frame and then recombined to prepare polyester half-cooked strips; and the second drawing adopts an FA306 high-speed drawing frame, 8 polyester half-finished slivers are fed together in the second drawing, and the polyester half-finished slivers are obtained by drawing and fine drawing of a drawing system of the drawing frame and re-drawing.

5. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roving frame adopts an FA458 roving frame, a four-roller double-short apron drafting system adopts four-roller double-short apron drafting, the middle area is a main drafting area, a apron control element consisting of an upper pin, a lower pin, an upper apron, a lower apron, an upper pin spring and a spacing block is arranged, the front area is a sorting area, a collector with the caliber of 8 is arranged in the sorting area, and the twist factor is 56.

6. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spinning machine is selected from EJM128K spinning machines; co-feeding 2 polyester rovings prepared in the sixth step, wherein the steel collar is PG1-4252 with the diameter of 42mm, and the steel wire ring is BS 16; the drafting system adopts a drafting mode of three-roller long and short rubber rings, and the central distance of the rollers is designed to be 46mm in the central distance of the rollers in the front drafting area and 62mm in the central distance of the rollers in the rear drafting area.

7. A short-run spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bobbin winder is a savio bobbin winder, the winding linear speed of the bobbin winder is set to 1150m/min, and the yarn tension is controlled to be 10% of the yarn strength.