CN110713684A - ABS composite material and application thereof - Google Patents
ABS composite material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110713684A CN110713684A CN201910872677.7A CN201910872677A CN110713684A CN 110713684 A CN110713684 A CN 110713684A CN 201910872677 A CN201910872677 A CN 201910872677A CN 110713684 A CN110713684 A CN 110713684A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
- C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention relates to an ABS composite material and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of engineering plastics. The ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, 15-35 parts of flame retardant and 0-10 parts of toughening agent, wherein the flame retardant comprises (a) brominated flame retardant and (b) inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite. According to the ABS composite material, the specific substances are compounded to serve as the flame retardant, and the flame retardant is used in a specific amount, so that the ABS composite material not only can play a flame-retardant role, but also has good comprehensive performance; in addition, the ABS composite material does not adopt antimony-containing substances as raw materials, so that the environment-friendly safety is ensured, and the carcinogenic risk of antimony trioxide is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ABS composite material and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of engineering plastics.
Background
The acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, namely ABS resin, has the performance between that of engineering plastics and general plastics, has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and processing and forming properties, and is widely applied to the fields of electronics, electrics, machinery, buildings and the like. However, the ABS resin has many defects and shortcomings due to the limitation of the polymer structure and composition, such as poor wear resistance, low heat resistance, poor weather resistance, and only HB-level flame retardance.
The ABS resin is used as a substrate, and a certain amount and a certain proportion of brominated flame retardant and antimony-containing compound flame retardant synergist are added to prepare the flame retardant ABS with different vertical burning grades. For example, Chinese patent CN 102391608 uses 10-25% of environment-friendly brominated flame retardant (decabromodiphenylethane and brominated epoxy resin, used alone or in combination according to a certain proportion) to prepare flame-retardant ABS with vertical burning grade reaching 1.6-3.0mm UL 94V-0 grade by compounding 2-8% of flame-retardant synergist (compound flame-retardant synergist containing antimony compound). The Chinese patent CN 103289293 uses 10-25% of environment-friendly brominated flame retardant tri (tri-bromophenyl) cyanurate, and is compounded with 0-1% of antimony flame-retardant synergist and 1-5% of phosphorus flame-retardant synergist, so that the flame-retardant ABS material with the vertical combustion level of more than 1.5-3.0mm V-2, even 1.5-3.0mm V-0 can be prepared. At present, although many researches are carried out on halogen-free flame retardance of ABS, the gap between the comprehensive performance of the halogen-free flame retardance ABS and the market application requirement is large, so that the flame retardance system used by the flame retardance ABS on the market is mainly a bromine-antimony synergistic system. Bromine of the bromine-antimony synergistic system is mainly from common bromine flame retardants in the market, such as tetrabromobisphenol A, bromotriazine, decabromodiphenylethane, brominated polystyrene and the like; the antimony is mainly from flame retardant synergist of antimony-containing compound, such as antimony oxide, antimonate, etc. Among the antimony-containing flame retardant synergists, antimony trioxide is most commonly used.
However, in recent years, with the increasing concern of environmental protection and ecological safety, the laws and regulations in these areas are gradually perfected, and the ROHS directive of the european union is one of the environmental regulations with a relatively wide influence. Studies have found that antimony trioxide belongs to the class B carcinogen, and is considered to be listed in the ROHS restriction material list by the European Union in 2018, and is now in the stage of inquiry. Due to the risk of antimony trioxide being totally restricted and banned, the development of fire retardant systems that do not use antimony trioxide at all is imminent.
At present, no patent or literature reports on brominated flame-retardant ABS materials which do not use antimony-containing compounds as synergists at all.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel antimony-free flame-retardant ABS composite material and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), 15-35 parts of flame retardant and 0-10 parts of toughening agent, wherein the flame retardant comprises (a) a brominated flame retardant and (b) inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite.
The above-mentioned acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin) is a conventional resin. The ABS resin can be ABS resin produced by a one-step polymerization process with a core-shell structure, or ABS resin produced by a two-step process of blending butadiene graft SAN copolymer subjected to emulsion graft polymerization with acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin, SAN); the commercially available ABS resin may be selected as the matrix resin, or a blend of butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer and SAN in certain amounts and proportions may be selected as the matrix resin. For example: the ABS resin may be selected from 12-35 wt% of acrylonitrile, 8-35 wt% of butadiene and 30-80 wt% of styrene.
Research shows that when the weight of the flame retardant is lower than 15 parts, the flame retardant effect is poor, although the flame retardant effect is better when the number of the flame retardant is more, once the weight of the flame retardant is higher than 35 parts, the comprehensive performance of the ABS composite material can be affected, for example, the material is too brittle, the notch impact strength is low, the appearance is not good, and the like, so that the ABS composite material is not easy to process, and the application value is not high. The inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite is used as one of the components of the flame retardant, and the stability of the flame retardant is better than that of organic phosphine. More importantly, as the specific substances are adopted to be compounded as the flame retardant, and the flame retardant is in a specific dosage, the ABS composite material not only can play a flame-retardant role, but also has better comprehensive performance.
In addition, the ABS composite material does not adopt antimony-containing substances as raw materials, so that the environment-friendly safety is ensured, and the carcinogenic risk of antimony trioxide is avoided.
The impact of the using amount of the flame retardant on the notch impact strength and the appearance of the ABS composite material is comprehensively considered, and the flame retardant is 20-30 parts by weight as a preferred embodiment of the ABS composite material. More preferably, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) in the flame retardant is (1-9): 1. More preferably, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) in the flame retardant is (2-6): 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the ABS composite according to the present invention, the particle size of (b) in the flame retardant is 55 μm or less. More preferably, the particle diameter of (b) is 40 μm or less. More preferably, the particle diameter of (b) is 20 μm or less. The particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite in the flame retardant can also influence the notch impact strength and the flame retardant property of the ABS composite material, and when the particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite is less than 55 mu m, especially not more than 20 mu m, the notch impact strength and the flame retardant stability of the ABS composite material are improved. If the particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite is too large, the ABS composite material is too brittle to be used.
As a preferred embodiment of the ABS composite material, the ABS composite material also comprises a flame-retardant synergist, and the flame-retardant synergist is polysiloxane. Polysiloxane is adopted as a flame-retardant synergist, which is beneficial to improving the flame-retardant property of the ABS composite material.
As a preferred embodiment of the ABS composite material, the flame-retardant synergist is less than 5 parts by weight.
As a preferred embodiment of the ABS composite material, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin is 55-75 parts by weight.
As a preferred embodiment of the ABS composite material of the present invention, at least one of the following (a) to (c):
(a) the brominated flame retardant is at least one of tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated triazine, brominated epoxy flame retardants, decabromodiphenylethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, brominated polyimide, brominated polystyrene, polybrominated styrene, brominated polycarbonate and brominated polyacrylate;
(b) the inorganic hypophosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt, zinc salt and magnesium salt of the inorganic hypophosphite; the inorganic phosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt of inorganic phosphite, zinc salt and magnesium salt;
(c) the toughening agent is at least one of butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer, Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) and silicon rubber; preferably, the butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer is obtained by graft polymerization through an emulsion process, wherein the butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer contains 2-20 wt% of acrylonitrile, 50-80 wt% of butadiene and 18-30 wt% of styrene; the weight-average molecular weight of the chlorinated polyethylene is 10-50 ten thousand, and the weight percentage of the chlorine content in the chlorinated polyethylene is 20% -45%, preferably 25% -35%; the weight average molecular weight of the silicon rubber is 5-100 ten thousand, and the weight percentage of silicon in the silicon rubber is 10% -40%.
The preparation method of the ABS composite material comprises the following steps: weighing the components in the ABS composite material according to a proportion, and mixing in a mixer to obtain a mixed material; and then placing the mixed material in a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating to obtain the ABS composite material.
In addition, the invention also provides a flame-retardant product containing the ABS composite material.
As a preferred embodiment of the flame retardant article of the present invention, the flame retardant article is an electronic component.
The ABS composite material can be used in the electronic and electrical fields with flame-retardant requirements, the application field of replacing the original bromine antimony flame-retardant ABS composite material, and other fields needing flame-retardant ABS.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a novel antimony-free flame-retardant ABS composite material, which reduces potential environmental protection and personal safety risks of users and fills the market gap. The ABS composite material can be used for electronic and electrical equipment parts with flame-retardant requirements, and can completely replace the application market of the traditional bromine-antimony system flame-retardant ABS.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Examples 1 to 6
The ABS composite material of the embodiments 1-6 of the invention has the following components shown in the following table 1.
The preparation method of the ABS composite material in the embodiment 1-6 of the invention comprises the following steps: weighing the components in the ABS composite material according to a proportion, putting the components into a mixer to mix at a rotating speed of 1000 rpm for 5min, taking out, putting the mixed materials into a feed hopper of a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt blending through a co-rotating double-screw extruder according to a set process (the temperature setting range of each section of the extruder is 240 ℃ and the screw rotating speed setting range is 200 ℃ and 800 rpm), and carrying out water cooling, drawing strips and pelletizing to obtain the ABS composite material.
The performance test method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) testing the flame retardant grade: v-0, test standard UL94, bars 125mm 13mm 1.5 mm;
(2) notched impact strength test: performing injection molding to obtain a bar-shaped sample strip meeting the requirements of ISO 180 cantilever beam notch impact strength test, testing the notch impact strength at 25 ℃, and recording the strength data of the sample strip when the sample strip is broken;
(3) appearance defects: and (3) performing injection molding to obtain a square plate with the thickness of 100mm x 1.5mm, visually observing whether the surface of the square plate has obvious appearance defects such as white spots and the like, and recording the observation result.
The ABS composite particles obtained by the method are dried and injection molded into test sample strips or square plates of corresponding types for testing the flame retardant property, and the test result of the flame retardant property is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 examples 1 to 6 component ratios (parts by weight) and the results of each performance test
As can be seen from Table 1, the ABS composite material of the present invention has good flame retardant property and notch impact strength, and has no appearance defect on the surface.
Effect example 1
The effect example inspects the influence of the flame retardant in the ABS composite material on the notch impact strength and the flame retardant performance of the ABS composite material, and simultaneously inspects the influence of the flame retardant synergist on the flame retardant performance of the ABS composite material. The specific method for investigation is as follows: in this effect example, test groups 1 to 12ABS composite materials were prepared according to the preparation methods of the ABS composite materials described in examples 1 to 6. The ABS composite material of test groups 1-12 comprises the following components: 50-80 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, 0-10 parts of flame retardant, toughening agent and less than 5 parts of flame retardant synergist; wherein the parts all represent parts by weight, the flame retardant consists of (a) a brominated flame retardant and (b) an inorganic hypophosphite or an inorganic phosphite, the parts by weight of the flame retardant and the proportion of the (a) and the (b) are shown in the following table 2, and the particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or the inorganic phosphite is less than 55 mu m; the brominated flame retardant is at least one of tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated triazine, brominated epoxy flame retardants, decabromodiphenylethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, brominated polyimide, brominated polystyrene, polybrominated styrene, brominated polycarbonate and brominated polyacrylate; the inorganic hypophosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt, zinc salt and magnesium salt of the inorganic hypophosphite; the inorganic phosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt of inorganic phosphite, zinc salt and magnesium salt; the toughening agent is at least one of butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene and silicon rubber; the flame-retardant synergist is polysiloxane.
The ABS composite materials in test groups 1-12 are the same except that the dosage of the flame retardant/polysiloxane and the proportion of (a) to (b) are different. The flame retardant property and the notched impact strength of the ABS composite material prepared in the effect example are tested according to the performance test method of the ABS composite material of the examples 1-6, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen by comparing the test groups 1 to 9, for the ABS composite material, the more flame retardants, the better the flame retardant property of the ABS composite material; however, if the amount of the flame retardant is too large, the notched impact strength of the ABS composite material is lowered. Considering the flame retardant property and the notch impact strength comprehensively, the flame retardant is preferably 20-30 parts by weight, and more preferably 20-24 parts by weight; particularly, when the weight ratio of (a) the brominated flame retardant to (b) the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite is (2-6): 1, the comprehensive performance is better. In addition, comparing test group 10 with test group 8, test group 11 with test group 6, and test group 12 with test group 4, respectively, it is found that the flame retardant property of the ABS composite material of the present invention can be improved by using polysiloxane as the flame retardant synergist.
Effect example 2
The effect example investigates the influence of the particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite in the ABS composite material on the notch impact strength and the flame retardant property of the ABS composite material. The specific method for investigation is as follows: in this effect example, test groups 1 to 6 of the ABS composite materials were prepared according to the preparation methods of the ABS composite materials described in examples 1 to 6. The ABS composite material of test groups 1-6 comprises the following components: 50-80 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, 15-35 parts of flame retardant and 0-10 parts of toughening agent; wherein, the parts all represent parts by weight, the flame retardant consists of (a) a bromine flame retardant and (b) an inorganic hypophosphite or an inorganic phosphite, and the particle diameter of (b) in the flame retardant is shown in the following table 3; the brominated flame retardant is at least one of tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated triazine, brominated epoxy flame retardants, decabromodiphenylethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, brominated polyimide, brominated polystyrene, polybrominated styrene, brominated polycarbonate and brominated polyacrylate; the inorganic hypophosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt, zinc salt and magnesium salt of the inorganic hypophosphite; the inorganic phosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt of inorganic phosphite, zinc salt and magnesium salt; the toughening agent is at least one of butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene and silicon rubber.
The ABS composite materials in test groups 1-6 are the same except that the particle size of (b) in the flame retardant is different. The flame retardant property and the notched impact strength of the ABS composite material prepared in the effect example are tested according to the performance test method of the ABS composite material of the examples 1-6, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, when the particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite exceeds 55 μm, the notched impact strength of the ABS composite material is poor; when the particle size of the inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite is less than 40nm, especially less than 20 μm, the notch impact strength and the flame retardant property of the ABS composite material are better.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The ABS composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, 15-35 parts of flame retardant and 0-10 parts of toughening agent, wherein the flame retardant comprises (a) brominated flame retardant and (b) inorganic hypophosphite or inorganic phosphite.
2. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is 20 to 30 parts by weight.
3. The ABS composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) in the flame retardant is (1-9): 1.
4. The ABS composite material according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) in the flame retardant is (2-6): 1.
5. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of (b) in the flame retardant is 55 μm or less.
6. The ABS composite material according to claim 5, wherein the particle size of (b) is 40 μm or less; preferably, the particle size of (b) is 20 μm or less.
7. The ABS composite of claim 1 further comprising a flame retardant synergist which is a polysiloxane.
8. The ABS composite material according to claim 7, wherein the flame retardant synergist is 5 parts by weight or less.
9. The ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin is present in an amount of 55 to 75 parts by weight.
10. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the following (a) to (c):
(a) the brominated flame retardant is at least one of tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated triazine, brominated epoxy flame retardants, decabromodiphenylethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, brominated polyimide, brominated polystyrene, polybrominated styrene, brominated polycarbonate and brominated polyacrylate;
(b) the inorganic hypophosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt, zinc salt and magnesium salt of the inorganic hypophosphite; the inorganic phosphite is at least one of aluminum salt, calcium salt and barium salt of inorganic phosphite, zinc salt and magnesium salt;
(c) the toughening agent is at least one of butadiene-grafted SAN copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene and silicon rubber.
11. A flame retardant article comprising an ABS composite according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The flame retardant article of claim 11, wherein the flame retardant article is an electronic component.
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| CN201910872677.7A CN110713684A (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | ABS composite material and application thereof |
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| CN201910872677.7A CN110713684A (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | ABS composite material and application thereof |
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| CN114316502A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州优矿塑新材料股份有限公司 | Flame-retardant weather-resistant reinforced modified ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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