CN110922691A - Halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch and a preparation method thereof. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of polystyrene resin, 17-23 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant, 13-17 parts of toughening agent, 3-5 parts of flame retardant synergist, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-dripping agent and 0.2-1.0 part of lubricant, wherein the phosphorus flame retardant is at least one of titanium dioxide multilayer coated red phosphorus, polyphosphoric acid, phosphite ester, ammonium phosphate and phosphate ester. According to the invention, the polystyrene resin, the phosphorus flame retardant, the toughening agent, the anti-dripping agent, the flame-retardant synergist, the antioxidant and the lubricant are compounded, and the dosage and the ratio of the components are optimized, so that the synthesized halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch has excellent comprehensive performance, and the flame-retardant grade meets the requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Among the polymer materials, various polyolefin plastics are the most used polymer materials, and since the materials are extremely flammable and have the phenomenon of melting and dripping, the products bring serious fire hazard in most application fields. For this reason, great attention has been paid to imparting flame retardant properties to polyolefin materials.
The polystyrene resin has excellent processability, mechanical property and heat resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of office equipment such as printers, copiers, computers and the like or household appliances, the products have higher requirements on the flame retardance of the materials, and the polystyrene resin belongs to flammable materials and can reach the required flame retardance level by adding a flame retardant and a synergist. The most effective flame retardants for polyolefin materials at present are halogen flame retardants, in particular bromine-containing flame retardants, and bromine-containing flame retardants and antimony trioxide composite flame retardants. Although the halogen flame retardant has a high-efficiency flame retardant effect on polyolefin, a large amount of black smoke is generated during combustion, the environment is seriously polluted, and the life safety of people in fire is threatened, and particularly, researches and findings that the combustion products of some halogen flame retardants contain carcinogenic substances cause extensive disputes and concerns in the global scope. In order to protect the environment and human health, the European Union has issued the 'European Union double green instruction', and the green and environmental thresholds of household electrical appliances are increased again. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch, introduce a halogen-free flame retardant, improve the flame-retardant effect, and overcome the problem that the prior polystyrene material generates toxic and harmful substances in the combustion process due to the addition of a halogen-based flame retardant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of polystyrene resin, 17-23 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant, 13-17 parts of toughening agent, 3-5 parts of flame retardant synergist, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-dripping agent and 0.2-1.0 part of lubricant, wherein the phosphorus flame retardant is at least one of titanium dioxide multilayer coated red phosphorus, polyphosphoric acid, phosphite ester, ammonium phosphate and phosphate ester.
According to the invention, the phosphorus flame retardant is added into the polystyrene resin, so that the problem that the conventional halogen flame retardant, especially the bromine flame retardant generates toxic and harmful substances in the combustion process is solved; the flame retardant synergist is introduced, so that the flame retardant effect is improved, and the using amount of the flame retardant is reduced; the introduction of the toughening agent is beneficial to improving the toughness of the polystyrene and widening the selection range of the polystyrene resin. The synthetic halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene has excellent comprehensive performance and the flame-retardant grade meets the requirement by the synergistic effect of the phosphorus flame retardant, the toughening agent, the anti-dripping agent, the flame-retardant synergist, the antioxidant and the lubricant.
In the invention, a proper amount of toughening agent is added, so that the polystyrene resin is not limited to high impact polystyrene, and can be selected from general-purpose polystyrene resin, and the melt flow rate of the polystyrene resin is 6-10g/10min under the test conditions of 200 ℃ and 5 kg.
Preferably, the toughening agent is EPDM, EVA, SBS, SEBC, SEPS, SBBS or SEEPS, and is beneficial to improving the comprehensive mechanical property of the polystyrene material.
Preferably, the flame-retardant synergist comprises at least one of antimony trioxide and zinc borate, and the zinc borate has multiple functions of flame retardance, smoke suppression, char formation and droplet generation prevention.
Preferably, the flame-retardant synergist comprises antimony trioxide and zinc borate, the mass ratio of the antimony trioxide to the zinc borate is 1:1, and the prepared polystyrene material is good in mechanical property and flame-retardant effect.
Preferably, the particle size of the antimony trioxide is 0.3 μm.
Preferably, the anti-dripping agent is polytetrafluoroethylene wax, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is selected as the anti-dripping agent, so that melting and dripping can be prevented, the flame retardant property can be improved, and an excellent flame retardant effect can be achieved when the using amount of the flame retardant is reduced.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand, and the high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene is fiberized under the shearing force of the screw rod to form a net structure, so that the anti-dripping effect is achieved.
Preferably, the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax or coated polytetrafluoroethylene wax, and is preferably pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax. Preferably, the antioxidant comprises a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1.
Preferably, the lubricant is at least one of calcium stearate, zinc stearate, cadmium stearate and barium stearate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) and (3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch.
Preferably, the mixing process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the phosphorus flame retardant is added into the polystyrene resin, so that the problem of generating toxic and harmful substances in the combustion process of the conventional halogen flame retardant, especially the bromine flame retardant, is solved; the flame retardant synergist is introduced, so that the flame retardant effect is improved, and the using amount of the flame retardant is reduced; the introduction of the toughening agent widens the selection range of the polystyrene resin. The synthetic halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene has excellent performance and the flame-retardant grade meets the requirement by the synergistic effect of the phosphorus flame retardant, the toughening agent, the anti-dripping agent, the flame-retardant synergist, the antioxidant and the lubricant.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the examples, the experimental methods used were all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents and the like used were commercially available without otherwise specified.
The following examples and comparative examples use general-purpose polystyrene resins having melt flow rates of 6 to 10g/10min at 200 ℃ under 5kg test conditions.
Example 1
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polystyrene resin, 17 parts of titanium dioxide multilayer-coated red phosphorus, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 13 parts of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), 5 parts of antimony trioxide, 1 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 0.5 part of cadmium stearate, wherein the antioxidant consists of a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batches;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Example 2
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polystyrene resin, 23 parts of phosphite flame retardant, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 13 parts of SBBS, 3 parts of zinc borate, 1 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 0.5 part of calcium stearate, wherein the antioxidant consists of a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batches;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Example 3
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polystyrene resin, 23 parts of polyphosphoric acid, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 17 parts of toughening agent, 5 parts of flame retardant synergist, 1 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 0.5 part of zinc stearate, wherein the toughening agent is SEBC in Hydrogenated Styrene Block Copolymer (HSBC); the flame-retardant synergist is antimony trioxide and zinc borate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, the antioxidant consists of a multi-hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the multi-hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batches;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Example 4
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polystyrene resin, 17 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 0.1 part of antioxidant, 17 parts of SBS, 3 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.8 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 1 part of zinc stearate, wherein the phosphorus flame retardant is ammonium phosphate and phosphate ester according to the mass ratio of 1:1, compounding; the antioxidant consists of a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, wherein the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene particles;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Example 5
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 68 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of titanium dioxide multilayer-coated red phosphorus, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 15 parts of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), 3 parts of antimony trioxide, 1.2 parts of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 0.2 part of cadmium stearate, wherein the antioxidant consists of a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batches;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Example 6
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polystyrene resin, 15 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 10 parts of SBS, 3 parts of flame retardant synergist, 0.8 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 1 part of zinc stearate, wherein the phosphorus flame retardant is ammonium phosphate and phosphate ester according to the mass ratio of 1:1, compounding; the flame-retardant synergist is antimony trioxide and zinc borate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, compounding; the antioxidant consists of a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, wherein the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene particles;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Example 7
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polystyrene resin, 25 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 20 parts of SBS, 3 parts of flame retardant synergist, 0.8 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 1 part of zinc stearate, wherein the phosphorus flame retardant is ammonium phosphate and phosphate ester according to the mass ratio of 1:1, compounding; the flame-retardant synergist is antimony trioxide and zinc borate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, compounding; the antioxidant consists of a multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, wherein the mass ratio of the multi-component hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene particles;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polystyrene resin, 17 parts of titanium dioxide multilayer-coated red phosphorus, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 13 parts of toughening agent EPDM, 0 part of flame-retardant synergist, 1 part of pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax and 0.5 part of cadmium stearate, wherein the antioxidant consists of multiple hindered phenol antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants, and the mass ratio of the multiple hindered phenol antioxidants to the phosphite antioxidants is 2: 1; the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batches;
the mixing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
The method for measuring the relevant performance of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example comprises the following steps:
melt mass flow rate: measured according to the GB/T3682 standard.
Tensile yield strength: measured according to ASTM D638.
Notched izod impact strength: measured according to the ASTN D256 standard.
Vicat softening point: determined according to the ASDM D1525 standard.
Oxygen index measurement: determined according to GB/T2406.2-2009 standard.
Horizontal and vertical combustion measurement: measured according to the UL94 standard.
TABLE 1
The results in Table 1 show that the flame retardant property of polystyrene is improved by adding the phosphorus flame retardant; the impact property of the polystyrene is improved by adding the toughening agent, and the flame retardant effect of the polystyrene is well improved by compounding the flame retardant synergist and the phosphorus flame retardant.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of polystyrene resin, 17-23 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant, 13-17 parts of toughening agent, 3-5 parts of flame retardant synergist, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-dripping agent and 0.2-1.0 part of lubricant, wherein the phosphorus flame retardant is at least one of titanium dioxide multilayer coated red phosphorus, polyphosphoric acid, phosphite ester, ammonium phosphate and phosphate ester.
2. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the polystyrene resin is general-purpose polystyrene resin, and the melt flow rate of the polystyrene resin is 6-10g/10min at 200 ℃ under a test condition of 5 kg.
3. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the toughening agent is at least one of EPDM, EVA, SBS, SEBC, SEPS, SBBS, and SEEPS.
4. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to claim 1, wherein the flame-retardant synergist comprises at least one of antimony trioxide and zinc borate, preferably, the particle size of the antimony trioxide is 0.3 μm.
5. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to claim 4, wherein the flame-retardant synergist comprises antimony trioxide and zinc borate, and the mass ratio of the antimony trioxide to the zinc borate is 1: 1.
6. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to claim 1, wherein the anti-dripping agent is polytetrafluoroethylene wax, preferably, the molecular weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is 400-500 ten thousand, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wax is pure powder type polytetrafluoroethylene wax or coated type polytetrafluoroethylene wax.
7. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises a poly hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and preferably, the mass ratio of the poly hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 2: 1.
8. The halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is at least one of calcium stearate, zinc stearate, cadmium stearate and barium stearate.
9. The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the mass ratio;
(2) putting the raw material components into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing treatment;
(3) and (3) adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, mixing, extruding, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to obtain the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch.
10. The preparation method of the halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene master batch according to claim 9, wherein the mixing process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1100-1500 r/min, and the time is 5-8 min;
the double-screw extruder is a co-rotating double-screw extruder, and the highest section temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃.
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