CN110710608A - Coarse cereal feed for pigs and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coarse cereal feed for pigs and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110710608A CN110710608A CN201911088081.4A CN201911088081A CN110710608A CN 110710608 A CN110710608 A CN 110710608A CN 201911088081 A CN201911088081 A CN 201911088081A CN 110710608 A CN110710608 A CN 110710608A
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- premix
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a coarse cereal feed for pigs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of expanded feed, 35-48 parts of corn, 8-15 parts of bran, 10-20 parts of soybean meal and 4 parts of premix; the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: hulless oat 40-60 parts, sorghum 10-30 parts, millet bran 10-20 parts, flaxseed 5-10 parts, and jujube powder 5-10 parts; the coarse cereal feed has high nutrition content, the utilization rate of coarse cereal raw materials is improved by using the preparation method, and the feeding cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a coarse cereal feed for pigs and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the improvement of living standard, people have higher and higher requirements on food, the food safety is very concerned while pursuing nutritive value, pork, chicken, egg and other edible agricultural products are used as important components of daily diet of people, the nutritive value and the product quality of the pork, the chicken, the egg and other edible agricultural products are closely related to the health condition of people, ecological breeding livestock and poultry products are more and more favored by people, but due to the lack of animal nutrition knowledge, the livestock and poultry are directly fed by using raw grains or processed byproducts, under the feeding mode, the nutritional requirements of the livestock and poultry cannot be met, the feed sanitary standard is not met, after the livestock and poultry take the feed, on one hand, the health of the livestock and poultry is damaged, and on the other hand, some toxic and harmful substances are accumulated in the livestock and poultry products, so that the health of. Therefore, the development of ecological breeding needs to make full use of the advantages of local resources on the basis of the existing animal nutrition research results, so that the feed which can meet the nutritional requirements of livestock and poultry and also meets the sanitary standard is provided for livestock and poultry, and the livestock and poultry product which provides nutrition and is healthy for human is a novel feeding trend.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the coarse cereal feed for the pigs and the preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the coarse cereal feed for pigs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of expanded feed, 35-48 parts of corn, 8-15 parts of bran, 10-20 parts of soybean meal and 4 parts of premix; the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: hulless oat 40-60 parts, sorghum 10-30 parts, millet bran 10-20 parts, flaxseed 5-10 parts, and jujube powder 5-10 parts.
As a further scheme of the invention: the coarse cereal feed for the pigs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of expanded feed, 42 parts of corn, 10 parts of bran, 14 parts of bean pulp and 4 parts of premix.
As a further aspect of the invention: the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of hulless oat, 20 parts of sorghum, 15 parts of millet bran, 8 parts of flaxseed and 7 parts of jujube powder.
As a further aspect of the invention: the premix is as follows: 1.3-1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.75-0.85 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.35-0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.35-0.45 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.15-0.18 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.4-0.73 part of wheat middling as a carrier.
As a further aspect of the invention: the premix is as follows: 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.8 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.4 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.18 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.4 part of wheat middling as a carrier.
As a further aspect of the invention: the preparation method of the coarse cereal feed for the pigs specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively carrying out grading screening on raw materials of hulless oat, sorghum, millet bran, flaxseed and jujube without mildewing and caking by a roller, removing impurities, and crushing, wherein the aperture of a sieve sheet of a crusher is 1.0-2.0 mm;
(2) uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials according to the proportion, and then puffing by a puffing machine, wherein the steam pressure generated by the puffing process is 0.25-0.40 MPa, the feeding speed is 20-25 r/min, the tempering time is 30 s, and the puffing temperature is 120-145 ℃;
(3) crushing the expanded feed, wherein the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5-2.5 mm, so as to obtain the expanded feed;
(4) and (4) weighing the expanded feed prepared in the step (3), corn, bran, bean pulp and premix according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing in a mixer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the raw materials of the expanded feed are processed by adopting abundant local agricultural products, and the expanded feed is prepared by carrying out an expansion process on multiple local agricultural products, so that the expanded feed has good taste, is favorable for digestive absorption of livestock and poultry, effectively kills a plurality of pathogenic bacteria, parasites and the like, can inactivate a plurality of anti-nutritional factors, improves the nutritional value of the feed to the greatest extent, is favorable for digestive absorption of nutrient substances, has high sanitary and safe degree, greatly improves the utilization rate of the raw materials, overcomes the problem of resource shortage of the existing feed, and saves the manufacturing and purchasing costs of the feed for enterprises; the quality of pork of the pigs fed with the feed is greatly improved, and the health requirement of daily eating of people is met.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with specific examples, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments.
Example 1: the coarse cereal feed for pigs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of expanded feed, 35 parts of corn, 8 parts of bran, 10 parts of bean pulp and 4 parts of premix; the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: hulless oat 40 parts, sorghum 10 parts, millet bran 10 parts, flaxseed 5 parts and jujube powder 5 parts.
The premix is as follows: 1.4 parts of stone powder, 0.85 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.35 part of sodium chloride, 0.45 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.15 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.48 part of wheat middling serving as a carrier.
Example 2: the coarse cereal feed for pigs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of expanded feed, 42 parts of corn, 10 parts of bran, 14 parts of bean pulp and 4 parts of premix; the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of hulless oat, 20 parts of sorghum, 15 parts of millet bran, 8 parts of flaxseed and 7 parts of jujube powder.
1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.8 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.4 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.18 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.4 part of wheat middling as a carrier.
Example 3: the coarse cereal feed for pigs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of expanded feed, 48 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 20 parts of bean pulp and 8 parts of premix; the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of hulless oat, 30 parts of sorghum, 20 parts of millet bran, 10 parts of flaxseed and 10 parts of jujube powder.
The premix is as follows: 1.3 parts of stone powder, 0.75 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.35 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.15 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.73 part of wheat middling serving as a carrier.
The preparation method of the coarse cereal feed in the above embodiments 1-3 comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively carrying out grading screening on raw materials of hulless oat, sorghum, millet bran, flaxseed and jujube without mildewing and caking by a roller, removing impurities, and crushing, wherein the aperture of a sieve sheet of a crusher is 1.0-2.0 mm;
(2) uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials according to the proportion, and then puffing by a puffing machine, wherein the steam pressure generated by the puffing process is 0.25-0.40 MPa, the feeding speed is 20-25 r/min, the tempering time is 30 s, and the puffing temperature is 120-145 ℃;
(3) crushing the expanded feed, wherein the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5-2.5 mm, so as to obtain the expanded feed;
(4) and (4) weighing the expanded feed prepared in the step (3), corn, bran, bean pulp and premix according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing in a mixer.
And (3) clinical trials:
test 1: comparing the nutritional ingredients of the puffed feed in the coarse cereal feed with the nutritional ingredients of corn and wheat, the following table 1 shows:
table 1: comparing the nutrient content of the puffed feed with that of corn and wheat (%)
As can be seen from Table 1, the conventional nutritional index of the expanded feed is higher than that of the common energy feeds, namely corn and wheat. Compared with corn, the crude protein and crude fat are obviously improved; the crude protein is equivalent to wheat, and the crude fat is more than 4 times of wheat.
Test 2:
the coarse cereal feed for the pigs is used for feeding experiments, single-factor experimental design is adopted, 120 healthy Jinhuai black pigs (1/2 each for male and female) with similar weights are selected, the pigs are randomly divided into 2 groups, 6 groups are repeated, each group comprises 6 subgroups, and 10 pigs (5 boars and 5 sows) in each group. The control group was fed basic diet (without puffed feed), the test group was fed the coarse cereal feed of this example 2, and the basic diet composition ratio was: 72 parts of corn, 10 parts of bran, 14 parts of soybean meal and 4 parts of premix. The feeding test is carried out in an ecological farm in Shanxi, Wuxiang and the test period is 60 days, the test pigs are fed for 2 times (8: 00 and 17: 00) each day, and the pigs are fed with free food and water and managed according to the routine program of the pig farm.
After the test is finished, 2 pigs (1 each of a male pig and a female pig) are selected from each group according to the weight similarity principle, 24 pigs are slaughtered and sampled according to pig slaughter operating rules (GB/T17236-2008), the meat quality is determined according to meat quality determination (NY/T1333-2007) of livestock and poultry, the alpha-linolenic acid is determined according to fat determination (GB 5009.6-2016) in national food safety standard food, and fatty acid determination (GB 5009.168-2016) in national food safety standard food.
Table 2: influence of feed on feed quality of growing-finishing pigs
As can be seen from table 2, the test group and the control group are different in that the starch gelatinization degree is improved by 39.38% after a part of the corn is replaced by a part of the expanded feed and a part of the corn in the basic feed is replaced by the expanded coarse cereal feed. The feed changes the molecular structures of protein and starch after being puffed, so that the feed is more fully contacted with various digestive enzymes, the digestion and utilization of nutrient substances are facilitated, and the number of harmful microorganisms in the feed is greatly reduced.
Table 3: influence of coarse cereal feed on apparent digestibility of nutrient substances of growing-finishing pig feed (%)
As can be seen from Table 3, the digestibility of the nutrients in the test groups was improved.
TABLE 4 influence of coarse cereals fodder for pig on pork quality
As can be seen from Table 4, the pork quality of the pigs in the eating test group is improved to different degrees, the drip loss is reduced by 23.90%, the cooked meat percentage is improved by 1.15%, the intramuscular fat content is improved by nearly 1 time, and the alpha-linolenic acid content is improved by more than 1 time.
In conclusion, the feed provided by the embodiment has high nutritional value, the harmful substances are greatly reduced, the starch gelatinization degree and the feed digestion utilization rate are improved, the ingestion is promoted, the pig eating the feed has high digestibility, the pork quality is obviously improved, the coarse cereal feed fully utilizes local resources, the difficulty of feed resource shortage is relieved, and the health level of animals is improved.
Claims (6)
1. The coarse cereal feed for pigs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of expanded feed, 35-48 parts of corn, 8-15 parts of bran, 10-20 parts of soybean meal and 4 parts of premix; the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: hulless oat 40-60 parts, sorghum 10-30 parts, millet bran 10-20 parts, flaxseed 5-10 parts, and jujube powder 5-10 parts.
2. The coarse cereal feed for pigs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of expanded feed, 42 parts of corn, 10 parts of bran, 14 parts of bean pulp and 4 parts of premix.
3. The coarse cereal feed for pigs according to claim 1, wherein the expanded feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of hulless oat, 20 parts of sorghum, 15 parts of millet bran, 8 parts of flaxseed and 7 parts of jujube powder.
4. The coarse cereal feed for pigs according to claim 1, wherein the premix is: 1.3-1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.75-0.85 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.35-0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.35-0.45 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.15-0.18 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.4-0.73 part of wheat middling as a carrier.
5. The coarse cereal feed for pigs according to claim 4, wherein the premix is: 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.8 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.4 part of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.18 part of L-threonine, 0.2 part of trace element premix feed, 0.02 part of vitamin premix feed, 0.1 part of 60% choline chloride and 0.4 part of wheat middling as a carrier.
6. The preparation method of the coarse cereal feed for pigs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively carrying out grading screening on raw materials of hulless oat, sorghum, millet bran, flaxseed and jujube without mildewing and caking by a roller, removing impurities, and crushing, wherein the aperture of a sieve sheet of a crusher is 1.0-2.0 mm;
(2) uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials according to the proportion, and then puffing by a puffing machine, wherein the steam pressure generated by the puffing process is 0.25-0.40 MPa, the feeding speed is 20-25 r/min, the tempering time is 30 s, and the puffing temperature is 120-145 ℃;
(3) crushing the expanded feed, wherein the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5-2.5 mm, so as to obtain the expanded feed;
(4) and (4) weighing the expanded feed prepared in the step (3), corn, bran, bean pulp and premix according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing in a mixer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911088081.4A CN110710608A (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Coarse cereal feed for pigs and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911088081.4A CN110710608A (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Coarse cereal feed for pigs and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110710608A true CN110710608A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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| CN201911088081.4A Pending CN110710608A (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Coarse cereal feed for pigs and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104489381A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-08 | 山西汇福科技发展有限公司 | Expanded coarse-cereal feed for laying hens and preparation method thereof |
| CN107853482A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-03-30 | 广西晨康力食品股份有限公司 | A kind of fattening pannage and preparation method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-11-08 CN CN201911088081.4A patent/CN110710608A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104489381A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-08 | 山西汇福科技发展有限公司 | Expanded coarse-cereal feed for laying hens and preparation method thereof |
| CN107853482A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-03-30 | 广西晨康力食品股份有限公司 | A kind of fattening pannage and preparation method thereof |
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