CN110707840A

CN110707840A - Single-phase motor

Info

Publication number: CN110707840A
Application number: CN201810927216.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪银树; 单多年; 傅乙民
Original assignee: Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-10
Filing date: 2018-08-15
Publication date: 2020-01-17
Also published as: TW202007066A; TWI676345B

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-phase motor. The single-phase motor includes: a stator and a rotor. The stator is provided with an iron core, the iron core is provided with a plurality of boots, each boot is provided with a central line, and the boots are divided into a first base body and a second base body based on the central lines. The rotor is provided with a permanent magnet which is magnetized by a sine wave, an air gap is arranged between the permanent magnet and the plurality of the shoe parts of the iron core, the air gap is provided with a plurality of first air gaps and a plurality of second air gaps, the plurality of first air gaps are respectively corresponding to the plurality of first matrixes and the permanent magnet, the plurality of second air gaps are respectively corresponding to the plurality of second matrixes and the permanent magnet, and a minimum air gap of the plurality of first air gaps is smaller than a maximum air gap of the plurality of second air gaps. Therefore, the problem of the starting dead point of the motor can be effectively improved, and the running quality of the motor is improved.

Description

Single-phase motor

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a motor, and more particularly, to a single-phase motor.

Background

In the known single-phase motor, the permanent magnet is magnetized by the harmonic wave of fig. 7, and the harmonic wave has a raised and recessed wave shape at the top of the wave shape, which causes the magnetic flux distribution of the permanent magnet to be raised and recessed, and vibration noise is easily generated during the rotation, so the known single-phase motor has poor operation quality and needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a single-phase motor. The single-phase motor includes: a stator and a rotor. The stator is provided with an iron core and a coil, the iron core is provided with a yoke portion, the yoke portion is provided with a plurality of tooth portions extending in a radial direction, the tooth portions are respectively provided with a boot portion, the boot portions are respectively provided with a central line in the radial direction, the boot portions are respectively divided into a first base body and a second base body based on the central line, and the coil is wound on the tooth portions. The rotor is provided with a permanent magnet which is magnetized by a sine wave, an air gap is arranged between the permanent magnet and the plurality of shoe parts of the iron core, the air gap is provided with a plurality of first air gaps and a plurality of second air gaps, the plurality of first air gaps are respectively corresponding to the plurality of first matrixes and the permanent magnet, the plurality of second air gaps are respectively corresponding to the plurality of second matrixes and the permanent magnet, and a minimum air gap of the plurality of first air gaps is smaller than a maximum air gap of the plurality of second air gaps.

Therefore, by using the design that the permanent magnet is magnetized by the sine wave and the minimum air gap of the first air gaps is smaller than the maximum air gap of the second air gaps, the magnetic field intensity generated between the first basal bodies of the iron core and the permanent magnet can be effectively improved, the output torque waveform distribution of the motor can be changed, the starting dead point problem of the motor can be effectively improved, the motor can be ensured to stably run, and the effects of reducing abnormal sounds, improving the running quality and the like can be achieved.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a single phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single phase motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single phase motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a single phase motor of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the single phase motor of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of a single phase motor of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of a harmonic wave generated by magnetizing a single-phase motor; and

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the waveform of the sine wave for magnetizing the single-phase motor according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1 Motor

10 stator

11 iron core

111 yoke

112 tooth part

113 boot part

113a first substrate

113b second substrate

114 convex part

115 gap

12 coil

20 rotor

21 permanent magnet

22 rotating shaft

23 wheel hub

30 base

31 axial connection part

32 blade

40 fan impeller

Distance of D groove

L1 center line

L2 first radial extension line

L3 second radial extension line

G air gap

G1 first air gap

G2 second air gap

S magnetic part

Alpha 1 first angle

Second angle of alpha 2

Detailed Description

The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a single phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a motor 1 of the present invention includes a stator 10 and a rotor 20. The motor 1 of the present invention is a single-phase motor which is easy to start and can stably rotate, and can convert electric energy into kinetic energy, so as to be widely applied to various industrial, civil, transportation or information equipment.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the single phase motor of the present invention (coil 12 of fig. 1 is omitted). Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the stator 10 has a core 11 and a coil 12. The iron core 11 may be formed by stacking and combining a plurality of silicon steel sheets, but not limited to the above. The core 11 may have a yoke portion 111, the yoke portion 111 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of tooth portions 112 extending in a radial direction, each of the plurality of tooth portions 112 may have a shoe portion 113, each of the plurality of shoe portions 113 has a center line L1 in the radial direction, each of the plurality of shoe portions 113 is divided into a first base 113a and a second base 113b based on the center line L1, and the coil 12 is wound around the plurality of tooth portions 112. In one embodiment, the coil 12 can be directly wound around the outer surfaces of the teeth 112, or the coil 12 can be wound around an insulating sleeve after the outer surfaces of the teeth 112 are combined with the insulating sleeve.

The rotor 20 has a permanent magnet 21, and the permanent magnet 20 can be a rubber magnet, but not limited to the above, and can perform its magnetizing operation by utilizing a sine wave magnetizing method, in an embodiment, the sine wave magnetizing the permanent magnet 20 can be a sine wave, as shown in fig. 8. An air gap G is formed between the permanent magnet 21 and the plurality of shoes 113 of the core 11, and the air gap G may be set to 0.3mm to 2mm, and preferably set to 0.8mm to 1.4mm, so as to avoid an increase in magnetic loss due to an excessively large air gap G. In addition, the air gap G has a plurality of first air gaps G1 and a plurality of second air gaps G2, each of the plurality of first air gaps G1 corresponding between the plurality of first bases 113a and the permanent magnet 21; a plurality of the second air gaps G2 each correspond to between a plurality of the second bases 113b and the permanent magnet 21. A minimum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is smaller than a maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2, so as to form a magnetic part S between the first bases 113a and the permanent magnet 22, respectively.

In one embodiment, taking a first base 113a and a second base 113b of a boot 113 as an example, a plurality of first air gaps G1 correspond to between the first base 113a and the permanent magnet 21, and a plurality of second air gaps G2 correspond to between the second base 113b and the permanent magnet 21. In the direction of the second base 113b toward the first base 113a, the plurality of second air gaps G2 taper toward the plurality of first air gaps G1, and the plurality of first air gaps G1 also taper such that the minimum air gap of the plurality of first air gaps G1 is less than the maximum air gap of the plurality of second air gaps G2, and the plurality of first air gaps G1 are less than the plurality of second air gaps G2. The minimum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is located at the leftmost end of the outer circumference of the first base 113a, and the maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2 is located at the rightmost end of the outer circumference of the second base 113 b.

Referring to fig. 8, the permanent magnet 21 magnetized by the sine wave can make the magnetic flux distribution of the permanent magnet 21 rise or fall stably and uniformly like the sine wave, and the situation of generating vibration noise in the rotating process due to the fact that the conventional single-phase motor is magnetized by the synthetic wave with harmonic waves of fig. 7 is not generated, so that the motor 1 of the present invention can stably rotate, and the effects of reducing magnetic pole vibration, reducing noise, improving the operating quality, etc. are achieved. Although the sine wave has a smaller value at the two ends of the waveform, which may cause the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 21 distributed at the two ends to be smaller, the magnetic portion S formed by the design that the minimum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is smaller than the maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2, and the air gap G is preferably set to be 0.8mm to 1.4mm, so that the magnetic portion S can effectively increase the magnetic field strength generated between the first bases 113a of the core 11 and the permanent magnet 22, so that the first bases 113a can form local magnetic saturation, thereby changing the output torque waveform distribution of the single-phase motor 1 of the present invention, so as to ensure that the rotor 20 can be located at a better starting position when stopping operation, and effectively improving the starting dead point problem of the motor.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the motor 1 of the present invention may further include a base 30, wherein the base 30 has a shaft portion 31. The rotor 20 may further include a rotating shaft 22 and a hub 23, the permanent magnet 21 is disposed on an inner side of the hub 23, the rotating shaft 22 is disposed at a central position of the hub 23, the rotating shaft 22 of the rotor 20 is rotatably coupled to the coupling portion 31, and the coupling portion 31 and the rotating shaft 22 are engaged with each other to enable the rotor 20 to rotate smoothly. The base 30 is selected as an assembly application of the motor 1 of the present invention, and the principle is selected to ensure the stable rotation of the rotor 20, so it is not limited to the above. In addition, a plurality of blades 32 may be disposed on an outer side of the hub 23 to form a fan wheel 40, such as: can be a ventilator fan wheel, a heat dissipation fan wheel and the like; therefore, various functions such as ventilation or heat dissipation can be further provided.

Based on the above structural design, a plurality of embodiments are further detailed below to illustrate various structural types of the stator 10 of the motor 1 of the present invention, but the following embodiments are not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the first base 113a and the second base 113b of the plurality of the shoes 113 of the stator 10 are asymmetric in shape. Therefore, the first base 113a and the second base 113b are asymmetric, so that a plurality of first air gaps G1 and a plurality of second air gaps G2 with different distances are easily formed between the permanent magnet 21 and the plurality of teeth 112 of the iron core 11, and the magnetic part S formed by the plurality of first bases 113a is used to improve the local magnetic saturation effect.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the single phase motor of the present invention (coil 12 of fig. 1 is omitted). Referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment, with the center line L1 as a boundary line, the area of the first base 113a of the plurality of the shoes 113 in the radial direction of the stator 10 may be larger than the area of the second base 113 b. Therefore, by using the first base 113a and the second base 113b with different areas and different sizes and the first air gaps G1 and the second air gaps G2 with different sizes formed between the permanent magnet 21 and the teeth 112 of the iron core 11, the minimum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is smaller than the maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2, so that the magnetic part S formed by the first bases 113a can improve the effect of local magnetic saturation.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the single-phase motor of the present invention (the coil 12 of fig. 1 is omitted). Referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment, a protrusion 114 may be disposed on an outer circumference of the first base 113a of the plurality of shoes 113 of the stator 10. Therefore, by using the design of the protrusion 114, the first base 113a is closer to the permanent magnet 21, and in one embodiment, a maximum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is not greater than the maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2, in one embodiment, the second air gaps G2 may be the same, and the second air gaps G2 may be the same as a portion of the first air gaps G1, i.e., the maximum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is equal to the maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2. And the plurality of first air gaps G1 are smaller than the plurality of second air gaps G2 at another portion of the protrusion 114, so that the minimum air gap of the plurality of first air gaps G1 is smaller than the maximum air gap of the plurality of second air gaps G2, that is, the minimum air gap of the plurality of first air gaps G1 is located at the protrusion 114, so as to further increase the magnetic field strength generated between the plurality of first bases 113a of the core 11 and the permanent magnet 22, and ensure that the rotor 20 can be located at a non-start-dead-center position when stopping operation, so as to effectively improve the start-dead-center problem of the motor 1.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the single phase motor of the present invention (coil 12 of fig. 1 is omitted). Referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment, a gap 115 may be formed on the outer periphery of the second base 113b of the plurality of the shoes 113 of the stator 10, and in one embodiment, the maximum air gap of the plurality of the first air gaps G1 is not greater than the maximum air gap of the plurality of the second air gaps G2, in one embodiment, the plurality of the first air gaps G1 may be the same, and a part of the plurality of the second air gaps G2 is the same as the plurality of the first air gaps G1, and the plurality of the second air gaps G2 is greater than the plurality of the first air gaps G1 in another part of the gap 115, that is, the maximum air gap and the minimum air gap of the plurality of the first air gaps G1 are both less than the maximum air gap of the plurality of the second air gaps G2, and the maximum air gap of the plurality of the second air gaps G2 is located in the gap 115. Therefore, by the design of the notch 115, the second base 113b can be farther away from the permanent magnet 21 relative to the first base 113a, and the first base 113a is closer to the permanent magnet 21, which can also increase the magnetic field strength generated between the first bases 113a of the core 11 and the permanent magnet 22, and ensure that the rotor 20 can be located at the position of the non-start dead point when it stops operating. And the magnetic flux density of the air gap G can form a non-uniform distribution state to generate an asymmetric magnetic linkage waveform, and the waveform distribution of the output torque of the motor can be effectively changed, so that the rotor 20 can be started normally and run stably.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the single-phase motor of the present invention (coil 12 of fig. 1 is omitted). Referring to fig. 2 and 6 in combination, in the embodiment of fig. 2, the plurality of teeth 112 of the core 11 are disposed on the outer periphery of the yoke 111. In the embodiment of fig. 6, the plurality of tooth portions 112 of the core 11 are provided on the inner periphery of the yoke portion 111. Therefore, the motor 1 of the present invention can be selected as an external rotation type single-phase motor or an internal rotation type single-phase motor, so as to improve the use convenience.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the plurality of the shoe portions 113 of the core 11 each have a slot pitch D therebetween, the slot pitches D may be larger than the first air gaps G1, and the slot pitches D each have a central position therebetween, in the radial direction, the core 11 defines a plurality of first radially extending lines L2 and a plurality of second radially extending lines L3, and the shoe portions 113 have a plurality of first included angles α 1.

The first included angles α 1 are defined as: as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of first radially extending lines L2 pass through the center point of the core 11, and a plurality of first radially extending lines L2 are circumscribed about the outer periphery of the first base 113 a. The plurality of second radial extension lines L3 pass through a center point of the core 11 and the center positions of the slot pitches D, a second included angle α 2 is respectively formed between the plurality of first radial extension lines L2 and the plurality of second radial extension lines L3, and the second included angle α 2 can be set to be 2-12 °. In accordance with the range of the second angle α 2, a first angle α 1 may be respectively formed between the center lines L1 of the shoes 113 and the first radial extension lines L2, and the range of the first angle α 1 is set to (152/N) ° to (171/N) °, where N is the number of the groove pitches D, which is relative to the number of the shoes 113, so that the number of the groove pitches D is not limited. For example, fig. 2 to 6 disclose that the number of the groove distances D is 4, the range of the first included angle α 1 is 38 ° to 42.75 °, and if an integer is taken, the range of the first included angle α 1 is 38 ° to 43 °, the range of the second included angle α 2 is 2 ° to 7 °. Accordingly, the permanent magnet 21 and the magnetic portion S magnetized by the sine wave can be further matched with the structural design of the first included angle α 1 range, so that the magnetic portions S respectively formed by the plurality of shoes 113 of the iron core 11 have an appropriate distribution distance therebetween, and thus the operation of the motor 1 is more stable.

In the above embodiment, the single-phase motor 1 of the present invention utilizes the permanent magnet 21 magnetized by a sine wave, and the magnetic portion S formed by the design that the minimum air gap of the first air gaps G1 is smaller than the maximum air gap of the second air gaps G2, so that the magnetic portion S can effectively increase the magnetic field strength generated between the first bases 113a of the iron core 11 and the permanent magnet 21, so as to change the output torque waveform distribution of the single-phase motor 1 of the present invention, ensure that the rotor 20 can be located at a preferred starting position when stopping operation, and improve the starting dead point problem of the motor 1; moreover, the motor 1 can be ensured to stably operate, thereby achieving the effects of reducing the vibration of the magnetic poles, effectively reducing the generation of abnormal sounds and improving the operation quality.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the claims of the present invention should be determined from the following claims.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and in particular, various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments, and the features are understood to be applicable to any embodiment except the explicitly opposite descriptions, and are not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A single phase motor, comprising:

a stator having a core and a coil, the core having a yoke portion, the yoke portion being provided with a plurality of tooth portions extending in a radial direction, the plurality of tooth portions each being provided with a shoe portion, the plurality of shoe portions each having a center line in the radial direction, the plurality of shoe portions each being divided into a first base and a second base based on the center line, the coil being wound around the plurality of tooth portions; and

a rotor having a permanent magnet magnetized with a sinusoidal wave, an air gap being provided between the permanent magnet and the shoes of the core, the air gap having a plurality of first air gaps and a plurality of second air gaps, the plurality of first air gaps each corresponding to a position between the plurality of first bases and the permanent magnet, the plurality of second air gaps each corresponding to a position between the plurality of second bases and the permanent magnet, a minimum air gap of the plurality of first air gaps being smaller than a maximum air gap of the plurality of second air gaps.

2. The single-phase motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of said shoes of said core each have a slot pitch therebetween, a plurality of said first bases and said permanent magnets each form a magnetic portion therebetween, said core defines a plurality of first radially extending lines in said radial direction, a plurality of said first radially extending lines pass through a center point of said core, and a plurality of said first radially extending lines are circumscribed about an outer periphery of said first base, a plurality of said center lines of a plurality of said shoes and a plurality of said first radially extending lines each have a first angle therebetween, said first angle being in a range of 152/N degrees to 171/N degrees, N being the number of said slot pitches.

3. The single phase motor of claim 2, wherein a plurality of said slot pitches are greater than a plurality of said first air gaps.

4. The single-phase motor of claim 1, wherein the air gap is set to 0.8mm to 1.4 mm.

5. The single-phase motor of claim 1, wherein the first and second bases of the plurality of shoes are asymmetrically shaped.

6. The single-phase motor of claim 1, wherein an area of the first base of the plurality of shoes is larger than an area of the second base in the radial direction.

7. The single phase motor of claim 1, wherein a protrusion is formed on an outer circumference of the first base of the plurality of shoes.

8. The single phase motor of claim 1, wherein a notch is provided in an outer periphery of said second base of said plurality of shoes.

9. The single-phase motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of teeth of the core are provided on an outer periphery of the yoke.

10. The single-phase motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of teeth of the core are provided on an inner circumference of the yoke.

11. The single-phase motor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is a rubber magnet.

12. The single-phase motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of silicon steel sheets with each other.

13. The single-phase motor as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a base having a coupling portion, the rotor further comprising a shaft and a hub, the permanent magnet being disposed at an inner side of the hub, and the shaft being disposed at the hub, the shaft of the rotor being rotatably coupled to the coupling portion.

14. The single phase motor of claim 13, wherein a plurality of blades are provided on an outer side of said hub to form a fan wheel.

15. The single-phase motor of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the second air gaps are tapered toward a plurality of the first air gaps in a direction in which the second base faces the first base.

16. The single phase motor of claim 15, wherein a plurality of said first air gaps are tapered.

17. The single-phase motor of claim 16, wherein the smallest of the plurality of first air gaps is located at a leftmost end of the outer circumference of the first base, and the largest of the plurality of second air gaps is located at a rightmost end of the outer circumference of the second base.

18. The single-phase motor of claim 1, wherein a maximum air gap of the first air gaps is less than or equal to the maximum air gap of the second air gaps.

19. The single-phase motor of claim 18, wherein a plurality of the second air gaps are the same as a portion of the plurality of the first air gaps.

20. The single-phase motor of claim 19, wherein another portion of the plurality of first air gaps is smaller than a plurality of the second air gaps.

21. The single-phase motor of claim 18, wherein a portion of the plurality of second air gaps are the same as the plurality of first air gaps.

22. The single phase motor of claim 21 wherein another portion of the plurality of second air gaps is larger than the plurality of first air gaps.