CN110707382A - Lithium ion battery matching method - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery matching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110707382A CN110707382A CN201910994554.0A CN201910994554A CN110707382A CN 110707382 A CN110707382 A CN 110707382A CN 201910994554 A CN201910994554 A CN 201910994554A CN 110707382 A CN110707382 A CN 110707382A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/448—End of discharge regulating measures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium ion battery matching method, which mainly introduces a dynamic characteristic value of voltage to replace a conventional static voltage characteristic value, so that more accurate matching can be realized, the consistency of batteries in a module/system is improved, and the service life of the module/system is prolonged. The dynamic voltage value in the method respectively corresponds to the voltage of the battery in 5% SOC state in the discharging process and the voltage of the battery in 95% SOC state in the charging process, the voltage distribution of the two parts is controlled during the matching, the pressure difference of the battery at the charging and discharging tail ends can be effectively reduced, the consistency of the battery in the module is improved, and the purpose of prolonging the service life of the module is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery matching method.
Background
The power battery of the automobile is often required to combine a plurality of single batteries to meet the requirements of voltage and capacity. If the characteristics of the single batteries used in the same group are not consistent or the initial states of the single batteries are not consistent during combined packaging, the overall characteristics of the battery pack are rapidly degraded and accelerated damage to parts of the batteries is caused. Therefore, monomers with higher consistency need to be screened out through matching and assembled together. The common consistency matching method comprises the following steps: a voltage matching method, a static capacity matching method, an internal resistance matching method, or a combination thereof.
However, the voltage values adopted by the current commonly-used matching method are all static voltage characteristic values, the static voltage values refer to the voltage values of the batteries after the batteries are placed for a period of time after the capacity test is completed, and the voltage cannot represent the dynamic change of the batteries in the module test process. After the battery is charged, the voltage rate of the battery changes rapidly and slowly along with the time, if the battery is subjected to capacity test, the standing time is unreasonable, for example, the static voltage of the battery is affected if the battery is too long or too short, and the risk that batteries with different voltage drop rates are matched in the same module is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the service life of a matched lithium battery is short due to a common static voltage characteristic value.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lithium ion battery grouping method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, charging and discharging the batteries to be matched and measuring SOC & OCV curves of the charging process and the discharging process;
s2, recording the point of the steep change of the SOC & OCV curve when the SOC & OCV curve is close to full charge as the first inflection point of the curve, and recording the capacity U1 corresponding to the first inflection point;
s3, recording the point of the steep change of the SOC & OCV curve when the SOC & OCV curve approaches the empty electricity in the discharging process as the second inflection point of the curve, and recording the capacity U2 corresponding to the second inflection point;
s4, charging the battery to be assembled by taking the capacity U1 as a cut-off condition, and recording the battery voltage V1 when the battery reaches the U1 capacity in the charging process;
s5, screening the batteries to be assembled by taking the voltage V1 as a sorting voltage, and removing the batteries with the voltage difference of more than 10mV to leave a first group of batteries;
s6, discharging the first group of batteries by taking the capacity U2 as a cut-off condition, and recording the battery voltage V2 when the capacity U2 is reached in the discharging process;
and S7, screening the first group of batteries by taking the voltage V2 as a sorting voltage, and rejecting the batteries with the voltage difference of more than 10mV to leave a second group of batteries.
Preferably, the step of determining the SOC & OCV curves of the charge and discharge processes described in the step of S1 includes: taking a battery to be assembled, emptying the electric quantity of the battery, fully filling the battery according to gradient by using production line capacity test multiplying power, recording the voltage of the battery after reaching the stable state and the corresponding SOC state every time 5% of the SOC state is filled, obtaining an SOC & OCV curve of the battery in the charging process, emptying the battery according to gradient, and recording the voltage of the battery after reaching the stable state and the corresponding SOC state every time 5% of the SOC state is filled, thus obtaining the SOC & OCV curve of the battery in the discharging process.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and screening the self-discharge rate of the second group of batteries to obtain a third group of batteries.
Preferably, the self-discharge rate screening of the second group of batteries is to eliminate the batteries with the self-discharge rate difference larger than 0.08 mV/h.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and carrying out capacity screening on the third group of batteries to obtain a fourth group of batteries.
Preferably, the capacity screening of the third group of batteries is to eliminate batteries with capacity difference larger than 1.5%.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and carrying out internal resistance screening on the fourth group of batteries to obtain a fifth group of batteries.
Preferably, the internal resistance screening of the fourth group of batteries is to eliminate the batteries with internal resistance of 0.09-0.13 m omega.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for measuring the sorting voltage for lithium ion battery matching, provided by the invention, the dynamic voltage values respectively correspond to the voltage of the battery in a 5% SOC state in a discharging process and the voltage of the battery in a 95% SOC state in a charging process, and the voltage distribution of the two voltages is controlled in the matching process, so that the voltage difference of the battery at the charging and discharging tail ends can be effectively reduced, the consistency of the battery in a module and a system can be improved, and the service life of the module and the system can be effectively prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a lithium ion battery grouping method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2a is a SOC & OCV curve of a battery during charging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2b is a SOC & OCV curve of the battery during discharge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the lithium ion battery grouping method according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: taking a plurality of batteries to be assembled, emptying the electric quantity of the batteries, fully filling the batteries according to gradient by using production line capacity test multiplying power, recording the battery voltage and the corresponding SOC after the batteries reach a stable state every time when 5% of the SOC is charged, and obtaining an SOC & OCV curve of the batteries in the charging process, wherein the curve is shown in figure 2 a; and emptying the battery according to gradient, and recording the battery voltage and the corresponding SOC after the battery reaches a steady state every time when 5% of SOC is emptied, so as to obtain an SOC & OCV curve of the battery in the discharging process, as shown in fig. 2 b.
S2: recording a first inflection point of a curve, namely recording a capacity U1 corresponding to the first inflection point, wherein the point is a point at which an SOC & OCV curve is steeply changed when the SOC & OCV curve is close to full charge in the charging process, and the first inflection point is shown in FIG. 2 a;
s3: recording the point of the SOC & OCV curve which steeply changes when approaching the no-load state in the discharging process as a second inflection point of the curve, as shown in fig. 2b, and recording the capacity U2 corresponding to the second inflection point;
s4: charging the battery to be assembled by taking the capacity U1 as a cut-off condition, and recording the battery voltage V1 when the battery reaches the capacity U1 in the charging process;
s5: screening the batteries to be assembled by taking the voltage V1 as a sorting voltage, and removing the batteries with the pressure difference of more than 10mV to leave a first group of batteries;
s6: discharging the first group of batteries by taking the capacity U2 as a cut-off condition, and recording the battery voltage V2 when the capacity U2 is reached in the discharging process;
s7: and screening the first group of batteries by taking the voltage V2 as a sorting voltage, and rejecting the batteries with the pressure difference of more than 10mV to leave a second group of batteries.
S8: and (3) screening the self-discharge rate of the second group of batteries, namely rejecting the batteries with the self-discharge rate difference larger than 0.08 mV/h.
S9: and (4) carrying out capacity screening on the third group of batteries, namely rejecting the batteries with the capacity difference larger than 1.5%.
S10: and (4) screening internal resistance of the fourth group of batteries, namely removing the batteries with the internal resistance of 0.09-0.13 m omega.
The 12 battery branches (each battery branch comprises 216EA batteries) after being matched with the present embodiment are charged and discharged, and the charging terminal pressure difference, the pressure difference after standing for 3min after being fully charged, 955DOD pressure difference, 100% DOD pressure difference and the pressure difference after standing for 3min after DOD 100% are tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example:
in the comparative example, a static voltage value matching method is adopted to match a plurality of batteries, namely, a conventional static voltage matching method is adopted to match a group, 12 screened battery branches (each battery branch comprises 216EA batteries) are charged and discharged, the charging terminal pressure difference, the pressure difference after full charging and standing for 3min, the 955DOD pressure difference, the 100% DOD pressure difference and the pressure difference after DOD standing for 3min are tested on the 12 battery branches, and the test results are shown in Table 1. Where DOD represents the percentage of battery discharge to battery rated capacity.
Table 1: differential pressure at different stages during system testing
As can be seen from table 1, the overlapping rate and the uniformity of 12 cells after the group matching by the present example are better than those of the comparative example. Compared with a common static voltage characteristic value matching method, the method improves the consistency of the matched batteries.
In summary, compared with the method for matching and determining the lithium ion battery, the method for matching and determining the lithium ion battery provided by the invention has the advantages that the dynamic voltage value respectively corresponds to the voltage of the battery in the 5% SOC state in the discharging process and the voltage of the battery in the 95% SOC state in the charging process, the voltage distribution of the two voltages is controlled in the matching process, the voltage difference of the battery at the charging and discharging ends can be effectively reduced, the consistency of the battery in a module and a system can be improved, and the service life of the module and the system can be effectively prolonged.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A lithium ion battery matching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting batteries to be matched for charging and discharging, and measuring SOC & OCV curves in the charging process and the discharging process;
s2, recording the point of the steep change of the SOC & OCV curve when the SOC & OCV curve is close to full charge as the first inflection point of the curve, and recording the capacity U1 corresponding to the first inflection point;
s3, recording the point of the steep change of the SOC & OCV curve when the SOC & OCV curve approaches the empty electricity in the discharging process as the second inflection point of the curve, and recording the capacity U2 corresponding to the second inflection point;
s4, charging the battery to be assembled by taking the capacity U1 as a cut-off condition, and recording the battery voltage V1 when the battery reaches the U1 capacity in the charging process;
s5, screening the batteries to be assembled by taking the voltage V1 as a sorting voltage, and removing the batteries with the voltage difference of more than 10mV to leave a first group of batteries;
s6, discharging the first group of batteries by taking the capacity U2 as a cut-off condition, and recording the battery voltage V2 when the capacity U2 is reached in the discharging process;
and S7, screening the first group of batteries by taking the voltage V2 as a sorting voltage, and rejecting the batteries with the voltage difference of more than 10mV to leave a second group of batteries.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the SOC & OCV curves for the charging and discharging processes in step S1 comprises: taking a battery to be assembled, emptying the electric quantity of the battery, fully filling the battery according to gradient by using the production line capacity test multiplying power, standing for 3 +/-1 h when 5% of SOC state is filled, recording the battery voltage and the corresponding SOC state after the battery reaches the stable state, obtaining the SOC & OCV curve of the battery in the charging process, emptying the battery according to gradient, standing for 2-4 h when 5% of SOC state is discharged, recording the battery voltage and the corresponding SOC state after the battery reaches the stable state, and obtaining the SOC & OCV curve of the battery in the discharging process.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: and screening the self-discharge rate of the second group of batteries to obtain a third group of batteries.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the screening of the self-discharge rates of the second group of cells is performed by rejecting cells having a self-discharge rate difference of greater than 0.08 mV/h.
5. The method of claim 3, further comprising: and carrying out capacity screening on the third group of batteries to obtain a fourth group of batteries.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the screening of the capacity of the third group of batteries is to eliminate batteries with capacity difference larger than 1.5%.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising: and carrying out internal resistance screening on the fourth group of batteries to obtain a fifth group of batteries.
8. The lithium ion battery grouping method according to claim 7, wherein the internal resistance screening of the fourth group of batteries is to remove batteries with internal resistance of 0.09-0.13 m Ω.
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| CN201910994554.0A CN110707382A (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Lithium ion battery matching method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111554990A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-18 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | Screening method for battery consistency and battery module |
| CN114798502A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 杭州安影科技有限公司 | Method, system and production line for classifying and grouping batteries in echelon utilization |
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| CN111554990A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-18 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | Screening method for battery consistency and battery module |
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