CN110706344A - 3D modeling method for connectivity of carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoir - Google Patents
3D modeling method for connectivity of carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D modeling method for connectivity of a carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoir. Aiming at the defects that the space structure and the communication relation of a carbonatite fracture-cave body are complex and various and cannot meet the production requirement of oil-gas exploration and development, the earthquake prediction and the depiction of caves and fracture zones of a fracture-cave reservoir stratum are respectively carried out on the basis of carrying out inter-well communication identification on drilling dynamic and static data, and the inter-well fracture-cave reservoir communication relation analysis is carried out through a 3D visualization technology, so that the three-dimensional modeling of the fracture-cave reservoir connectivity is realized. The method is suitable for large fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs, and provides a method for evaluating fracture-cavity oil and gas reservoirs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of evaluation of oil-gas geology and oil-gas exploration and development. And more particularly to a method of modeling connectivity of a carbonate fracture-cavern reservoir.
Background
The great change of reservoir connectivity is an important factor of the complexity of oil-water relationship, the research is a great problem faced by the exploration and development of complex oil and gas reservoirs, and the reservoir connectivity is the leading-edge development field of reservoir geology and development geology research (Snedden et al, 2007; Hovadik and Larue, 2007, 2010). Connectivity of complex reservoirs usually requires a combination of static and dynamic multidisciplinary data analysis (Chon et al, 1996; Ballin et al, 2002; Duzhongjun and Jianping, 2005; Mayongqiang, 2008; Hovadik and Larue, 2010), and in recent years many new advances have been made in studying reservoir connectivity through data such as reservoir prediction, fluid characterization, testing and development, and simulations of connectivity (Larue and Legarre, 2004; He Limnu and Lisheng, 2005; Larue and Hovadik, 2006; Caohui et al, 2008; Mankiewicz et al, 2009; Elsha haulay et al, 2010; Labourdette, 2014; Guo et al, 20119), and monitoring and seismic prediction of 4D earthquakes (Huang et al, 2006; Sneden, 2013; Benggui et al, 2014, Yi, 2016; 2016, 2016).
In sedimentary basins, carbonate rock loses most of its pores during long-term burial, and reservoirs with strong heterogeneity, mainly secondary pores, may be formed, with carbonate rock massive fracture-cave reservoirs being the main reservoir space. The fracture-cavity reservoir has complex communication relation, the oil-water relation is abnormal complex, and the oil-gas production is different from that of the conventional pore-type reservoir. Therefore, inter-well connectivity is usually identified using dynamic data such as pressure analysis, interference well testing, fluid properties (Yan Chanhui et al, 2008; easy swallow and Chenqing, 2010; Wangxisan et al, 2010; congxiang et al, 2012; Zhouzhao, 2014; Hanjiafa et al, 2016; summer town et al, 2018; Yanjing ya et al, 2019). There are also predictions of carbonate fracture-cavity reservoirs using static geological features such as seismic forward and inversion, reservoir prediction, fracture-cavity carving (li wavelet et al, 2014; Wang et al, 2016; han sword hair et al, 2016; yangjingya et al, 2019; liu et al, 2019). The fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir space mainly comprises secondary holes, holes and seams and has strong heterogeneity (Dujin tiger, 2010), a complex communication network system is formed, the fracture-cave reservoir is difficult to predict accurately, the spatial relationship between the fractures and the caves is difficult to judge, the current research is limited to a two-dimensional mode of the judgment and the connectivity of the connectivity, and the modeling of the communication relationship of the three-dimensional fracture-cave reservoir is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that the spatial structure and the communication relation of the carbonate fracture-cavern body are complex and various and the production requirement of oil-gas exploration and development cannot be met, the 3D modeling method for the connectivity of the carbonate fracture-cavern reservoir is provided (figure 1). According to the method, on the basis of inter-well connectivity identification of drilling dynamic and static data, seismic portrayal of caves and crack zones of a fracture-cave reservoir stratum is respectively carried out, inter-well fracture-cave reservoir stratum connectivity relation analysis is carried out through a 3D visualization technology, and three-dimensional modeling of the fracture-cave reservoir stratum connectivity is achieved.
The invention aims to provide a 3D modeling method for connectivity of a carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoir.
Another object of the invention is to provide an application of the 3D modeling method for carbonate fracture-cave reservoir connectivity.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) dynamic and static database for establishing fracture-cave reservoir
And preferably selecting carbonate rock well regions with rich data, good 3D seismic data quality and various types as evaluation anatomical regions, collecting dynamic and static data related to geology, earthquake and oil and gas production of related carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoirs, and establishing a database of the fracture-cave body reservoirs.
(2) Carbonate rock inter-well gap and cave body connectivity identification
The existing mature method technology is utilized to develop the connectivity judgment of the interwell fracture and hole body with rich data and relatively simple geological conditions. The determination of the communication between wells has many mature methods and technologies, and the communication well group is determined mainly according to dynamic and static data, especially well testing pressure data and interference production data between wells. On the basis, the interwell fracture-cavity reservoir can be preliminarily judged to be cave communication or fracture communication and the strength of the communication.
(3) Earthquake prediction and characterization of typical interconnected well group fracture-cave reservoir
And carrying out seismic identification on the fracture-cave reservoir stratum on the basis of inter-well connectivity identification and through the calibration of known drilling wells. At present, a plurality of suitable methods and technologies such as amplitude attribute, reservoir inversion and the like exist, and the method and the technology can be used for predicting and depicting large-scale fracture-cave reservoirs. And (3) combining the calibration and the inspection of well drilling data, and performing seismic prediction and characterization on the fracture-cavity reservoir stratum by using an optimal seismic method technology.
(4) Typical connected well group cave 3D visualization and connectivity analysis
Different from the two-dimensional connectivity analysis of the existing literature, the 3D visual technology is used for the spatial relationship analysis of the cave, and the 3D spatial connectivity of the cave reservoir can be established. On the basis of spatial distribution and 3D visual display of an inter-well cave reservoir (figure 2a), observation and analysis are carried out from different angles through rotation of a cave 3D space, and the communication relation of the large-scale inter-well cave is judged. And combining well drilling data verification and proofreading, and dividing the well group into a cavity communicated well group and a cavity non-communicated well group. In the example, the space carving method technology of the mature large cave is directly applied preferentially. But in complex reservoirs and structural parts, the parameters of cave depiction need to be adjusted in a targeted manner, and cave classification depiction of communicated well groups is carried out.
(5) Seismic description and 3D visualization of typical connected well group fracture zones
Because deep subsurface fractures are difficult to identify, it is often the fracture zones or minor faults that are predicted and identified by seismic. But the self-similarity of the cracks and faults can represent the actual underground crack distribution condition through the finely identified crack orientation and strength. By eliminating cave influence and combining calibration and verification of rock core and well logging crack information, crack identification among different communicated caves is carried out. The invention takes the identification of cracks among wells of ant body technology as an example, and judges the spatial distribution of crack belts through drilling calibration and ant body tracking on the basis of seismic data body processing before ant body tracking. On the basis, 3D visualization of the fracture spatial distribution was performed to identify the connectivity of the fractures and the caverns (fig. 2 b).
(6) Three-dimensional model of fracture-cave reservoir connectivity
The method comprises the steps of establishing a communication model by using a 3D fracture-cave body drawn by an earthquake on the basis of well-earthquake fracture-cave reservoir communication relation analysis, making a fracture-cave body space 3D communication mode diagram (figure 3) by using a 3D data body and combining drilling analysis, clearly displaying the space communication relation of the fracture-cave reservoir, establishing different types of 3D mode diagrams by combining dynamic and static analysis on the communication relation of the fracture-cave reservoir among communicating well groups, and verifying and correcting.
(7) The verification and the proofreading of the method and the result, and the practical popularization and application of the method technology.
On the basis of calibration and verification of well drilling and logging data, the method carries out 3D visual modeling of fracture-cave reservoir classification by respectively depicting the spatial distribution of the cave and the fracture zone and carrying out fusion analysis, overcomes the defect that 2D connectivity analysis cannot meet the requirements of fracture-cave type oil and gas reservoir evaluation and development, realizes 3D modeling of connectivity, and provides a foundation for the evaluation of the fracture-cave type oil and gas reservoir. The method is suitable for large-scale fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs, and can realize seismic prediction and carving of the cave and the fracture zone under the drilling calibration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 flow of 3D modeling of connectivity of fracture-cavern reservoir
FIG. 2(a) a spatial 3D visualization of a cavern reservoir; (b) 3D visualization graph of fracture-cavity body with superposed cracks
FIG. 3 three-dimensional model diagram of fracture-cave reservoir
Detailed Description
Based on the complex spatial connectivity of the carbonate rock fracture-cavern reservoir, the method respectively carries out the spatial portrayal of the cave and the fracture zone of the fracture-cavern reservoir on the basis of the inter-well connectivity identification of the drilling dynamic and static data, and realizes the three-dimensional modeling of the connectivity of the fracture-cavern reservoir through the 3D visualization technology. The present invention is further specifically described below with reference to the following study examples (see scheme 1). The methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are conventional in the art, unless otherwise indicated.
(1) Establishing dynamic and static database of fracture-cave reservoir
The specific implementation procedure comprises the steps of ① determining a working area, ② preferably selecting carbonate rock well areas with rich drilling data, good 3D seismic data quality and various types, ③ collecting dynamic and static data of geological, earthquake and oil and gas production related to a carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoir, and ④ establishing a database of the fracture-cave body reservoir.
(2) Interwell fracture and hole body connectivity identification
The specific implementation procedures comprise ① dynamic and static information related to the inter-well connectivity, ② preferably selects a well group beneficial to connectivity judgment, ③ judgment of a communicated well group, and ④ preliminarily judges the inter-well cave communication or fracture communication type according to dynamic production characteristics, wherein the dynamic and static information mainly comprises well testing pressure information and inter-well interference production information.
(3) Earthquake prediction and characterization of typical interconnected well group fracture-cave reservoir
The specific implementation procedures comprise ① optimizing a connected well group, optimizing suitable amplitude attribute, reservoir inversion and other method technologies, ② performing seismic prediction and characterization on a fracture-cavity reservoir, characterizing the spatial distribution of the fracture-cavity reservoir of the connected well group, and ③ performing inspection and correction on the fracture-cavity prediction by combining drilling.
(4) Typical connected well group cave 3D visualization and connectivity analysis
The specific implementation procedure comprises the steps of ① selection of a typical connected well group, ② space distribution and 3D visual display of a cavern reservoir among wells (figure 2a), ③ observation and identification of the connected relation of the caverns among the large wells from different angles through rotation of the 3D space of the caverns, ④ division of cavern connected and cavern disconnected well groups, ⑤ well drilling verification and proofreading.
(5) Seismic description and 3D visualization of typical connected well group fracture zones
The specific implementation procedure comprises ① selecting a well group which is not communicated with a cave preferably, collecting relation data of fracture communication, ② conducting seismic data analysis of fracture prediction, processing seismic data before ant body tracking, ③ drilling calibration and fracture prediction, judging and identifying spatial distribution of fracture zones, ④ verifying production state and density of logging and core fracture, checking and adjusting data bodies to obtain fracture zones and small fault distribution, ⑤ visualizing the fracture spatial distribution 3D, judging and identifying the communication relation of the fracture and the cave, and ⑥ 3D visualizing and displaying the spatial position, the direction and the combination relation of the fracture communication (fig. 2 b).
(6) Three-dimensional model of fracture-cave reservoir connectivity
The specific implementation procedures comprise ① classification of 3D models of fracture-cavity communication, ② optimization of cave communication and fracture communication well groups with more drilling data and clear connectivity relations, ③ making a 3D communication mode diagram (figure 3) of a fracture-cavity space by combining drilling analysis through a 3D data body, clearly displaying the spatial communication relation of a fracture-cavity reservoir, ④ marking drilling depth, a track and an oil-water interface, establishing a 3D mode diagram by combining dynamic and static analysis of the connectivity relation of the fracture-cavity reservoir among the communication well groups, and ⑤ establishment of different types of connectivity 3D models.
(7) The verification and the proofreading of the method and the result, and the practical popularization and application of the method technology.
The invention can optimize the connectivity modeling method and the technology and the process under different geological conditions based on the thought and the process of the invention according to the applicability of the actual geological conditions and the technology.
Claims (5)
1. A3D modeling method for connectivity of a carbonate rock fracture-cave reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following key steps:
(1) 3D engraving communicated with a cave and a crack zone of the well group;
(2) three-dimensional models of fracture-cavern reservoir connectivity.
2. The 3D modeling method for carbonate fracture-cavern reservoir connectivity as recited in claim 1, wherein: and (2) 3D depiction of the communicated well group caves and the crack zones in the step (1) is realized by respectively carrying out earthquake depiction of the caves and the crack zones of the interwell crack cave reservoir layer on the basis of carbonate rock interwell crack body connectivity identification.
3. The 3D modeling method for carbonate fracture-cavern reservoir connectivity as recited in claim 1, wherein: and (3) establishing a 3D mode diagram of the connectivity of the fracture-cavity reservoir layer by combining dynamic and static analysis of the connectivity of the fracture-cavity reservoir layer among the communicated well groups on the basis of the spatial distribution and the 3D visual display of the inter-well caves and the fracture zones.
4. The 3D modeling method for carbonate fracture-cavern reservoir connectivity as recited in claim 1, wherein: the invention is not limited to the method techniques mentioned by way of example, but also relates to the flow of relevant reservoir connectivity modeling.
5. The 3D modeling method for carbonate fracture-cavern reservoir connectivity as recited in claim 1, wherein: the method is suitable for large-scale fracture-cave carbonate reservoirs, and can realize seismic prediction and carving of caves and fracture zones under drilling calibration.
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| CN115220100A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-21 | 西安恒泰艾普能源发展有限公司 | Method and system for analyzing carbonate rock water channeling channel |
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