CN1107035C - Process for preparing light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall - Google Patents

Process for preparing light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall Download PDF

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CN1107035C
CN1107035C CN00117264A CN00117264A CN1107035C CN 1107035 C CN1107035 C CN 1107035C CN 00117264 A CN00117264 A CN 00117264A CN 00117264 A CN00117264 A CN 00117264A CN 1107035 C CN1107035 C CN 1107035C
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light
powder
aluminium powder
cement
present
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CN1313259A (en
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吴笑梅
樊粤明
杨医博
郭文瑛
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing fly ash light wall material building blocks. The basic material is composed of cement, fly ash, medium-burned lime, limestone powder and plaster according to proportioning; then, aluminium powder, water and extra material of definite parts comprising iron powder, fibre and an air entraining agent are added; finally, light collection material is added. The present invention has the technology that the fly ash, the medium-burned lime and the plaster are together milled, and loaded into a stirrer with other base material and the iron powder according to proportioning; the extra material is added into the stirrer after mixed with water; then, the aluminium powder and the lightweight aggregate are orderly added for stirring, casting foaming, blank body static stop, cutting and curing; finally, products can be obtained. The present invention has simple manufacturing process, low raw material cost, rich raw material, less investment, low energy consumption, low cost, light product weight and high strength, and various properties of the present invention all can reach the technical requirements of GB/T11968 to 1997 to autoclave aerated concrete.

Description

A kind of manufacture method of light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall
The present invention is a kind of manufacture method of light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall, belongs to the production technology of aerating light aggregate concrete building block.
Gas concrete is a kind of New Building Materials that grow up the thirties in 20th century, at also existing nearly 50 years production and the applicating history of China.It has light weight (300～800kg/m 3), good heat insulating, easy characteristics such as processing, can be used for body of wall, floor and roof boarding in industry and the covil construction.Comparing with traditional materials for wall solid clay brick, have advantages such as " low pollution, energy-conservation, joint soil, sharp useless ", is a kind of novel wall material that can replace clay brick.China's gas concrete raw material structure mainly contains: cement---lime---flyash; Cement---slag---sand; Cement---lime---four kinds in coal gangue and cement---lime---sand.Wherein---lime---flyash is that the enterprise that main raw material(s) is produced accounts for 50% of total enterprise number with cement.Powder ash air-entrained concrete is to be added water and added an amount of foaming agent and other admixture by siliceous material flyash and calcareous material cement, lime etc., stir through mixing, pouring foaming, base substrate is quiet stop and cut after, make through steam press maintenance again.There is following shortcoming in existing powder ash air-entrained concrete production technique: (1) needs the long steam press maintenance process of High Temperature High Pressure (183～197 ℃, 10～15 normal atmosphere, 8～12 hours), and the steaming plant investment is big, and energy consumption is higher, and comprehensive production cost is higher; (2) adopt single aluminium powder to get angry, bubble size, irrational distribution in the material, the difficult requirement that realizes not only lightweight but also have higher-strength; Steam-cured flyash gas concrete only need normal pressure less than 100 ℃ of temperature under maintenance, equipment is simpler, production energy consumption is lower.Because flyash has the potential pozzolanic activity, under making condition can with calcium hydroxide reaction, generate hydrated calcium silicate, drated calcium aluminate class hydrated product and make goods produce intensity, but this speed of response and level of response are all than low under the autoclaved condition.Present many manufacturers and research unit make every effort to make at a lower temperature within a short period of time goods to produce higher-strength by adding the reaction that some chemical activators promote flyash and calcium hydroxide.Thereby the intensity of steam-cured flyash air-entrained concrete building block and volume density (unit weight) more easily reach the national standard of aerated coal ash concrete building block.But other performance (as drying shrinkage value, anti-graphitic corrosion etc.) of goods exists bigger difference.Aerated coal ash concrete building block drying shrinkage value requires smaller or equal to 0.80mm/m (rapid test method), and the drying shrinkage value of steam-cured flyash air-entrained concrete building block is generally all up to 2.0～4.0mm/m (rapid test method).In addition, the anti-carbonation properties of aerated coal ash concrete is also superior than steam-cured flyash gas concrete.The drying shrinkage value of goods is big more, the easy more cracking that causes body of wall just in the use; The anti-carbonation properties of goods is poor more, and the endurance life of goods is just short more.Do not solve the contraction and the carbonation properties of steam-cured flyash gas concrete, no matter how low production cost is, also is difficult to be applied on the buildings.Domestic and international research scholar thinks the difference that causes powder ash air-entrained concrete performance under two kinds of maintenance systems, mainly be because under two kinds of maintenance systems, and the hydrated product that goods generate there are differences and causes.The hydrated product crystallization degree of aerated coal ash concrete is higher, mainly is made up of the vigorous mullite of the holder of different crystallization degrees, unbodied C-S-H gel and hydrogarnet.Hydrogarnet is little to the intensity contribution, content less (about about 5%), but favourable to goods opposing contraction and anti-carbonation properties.The C-S-H gel is the twice of the vigorous mullite of holder to the contribution of intensity, and vigorous mullite of the holder of different crystallization degrees and the tight gluing of C-S-H gel produce higher intensity together.Holding in the palm vigorous mullite is that a kind of crystallization is better, more stable, is difficult for carbonization and distortion, and the hydrated product of certain cementing power is arranged.Must there be the vigorous mullite of holder of q.s just can obtain well behaved product in the gas concrete.Steam-cured flyash gas concrete is because curing temperature is lower, and the hydrated product crystallization degree is lower, mainly is the vigorous mullite of the more weak holder of C-S-H gel, AFt, AFm and small amount of crystalline.The C-S-H number of gels is more in the hydrated product.Because it is maximum to the intensity contribution, thereby the intensity of steam-cured flyash air-entrained concrete building block more easily meets or exceeds the requirement of aerated coal ash concrete building block, but lack the higher vigorous mullite of holder of some amount crystallization degree, thereby the drying shrinkage value of goods and anti-carbonation properties are difficult to reach the requirement of GB/T11968-1997; Light aggregate concrete is meant with the concrete of the formulated unit weight of light-weight aggregate (haydite, pearlstone etc.) and agglutinate (cement, lime, gypsum etc.) at 800～1800kg/m3, compare with existing light wall material, its agglutinate and light-weight aggregate large usage quantity, unit weight is higher.And another kind of Haydite bricks as materials for wall is to be agglutinate with cement, and haydite is an aggregate, the big pressure compression moulding of warp, the molding device complexity, cement and light-weight aggregate consumption are big, and production cost is higher, and volume to weight ratio gas concrete is big.How to adopt the drying shrinkage value of effective measures solution steam-cured flyash gas concrete big, endurance issues such as anti-carbonation properties is relatively poor, make the process of the production technique cancellation steam press maintenance of powder ash air-entrained concrete building block, reach significantly and cut down the consumption of energy, reduce investment, the purpose that reduces production costs; Or further reduce the unit weight of light aggregate concrete and Haydite bricks, and simplify production technique, reduce production costs, be a big technical barrier of current production light wall material.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to need high temperature in order to overcome and to solve existing powder ash air-entrained concrete production technology existence, the long-time steam press maintenance of high pressure, investment is big, the energy consumption height, the production cost height, the bubble size distribution of getting angry is unreasonable, difficulty realizes the requirement of not only lightweight but also higher-strength, the product dried shrinkage value is big, anti-carbonation properties is poor, body of wall is easy to crack, the shortcoming and the problem of life-span weak point etc., a kind of energy of research invention less energy-consumption production, effectively reduce drying shrinkage value, improve anti-carbonation properties, less investment, cost is low, the light-weight aggregate consumption is few, the manufacture method of a kind of light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall that goods volume to weight ratio light aggregate concrete and Haydite bricks are light.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposals: a kind of manufacture method of light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall, and its material therefor and mass percent thereof are:
Cement: 10～22%
The hard calcined lime of middling speed: 6～15%
Gypsum: 2～5%
Flyash: 40～65%
Limestone powder: 5～30% (the best is 10～20%)
Aluminium powder: volume density (unit weight) grade according to institute's production building block is decided, and building block unit weight is light more, and the aluminium powder consumption is many more, and unit weight is heavy more, and the aluminium powder consumption is few more, for the unit weight grade at 500～800kg/m 3Building block, the aluminium powder consumption is 0.12～0.04%;
Water: to satisfy the pouring foaming moulding process is that prerequisite reduces water consumption as far as possible
With basic material 100 mass parts is benchmark, and the admixture prescription is as follows:
Iron powder is (with Fe 2O 3The content metering): 0～1.2 part
Fiber: 0～0.5 part
Air entrapment agent---sodium abietate, colophonium pyrolytic polymer, sodium alkyl sulfate etc. are: 0～0.07 part
With the above-mentioned volume of preparing goods is 100, then light-weight aggregate---volumes such as lytag, leca, haydites of book structure, pearlstone: 25～45 volume fractions;
Its technological process is as follows: (1) presses the disposable input stirrer of above-mentioned recipe ratio to flyash, middle calcined lime and the common grinding of gypsum with cement, limestone powder, iron powder etc.; (2) fiber, air entrapment agent and after water mixes, join again in the stirrer, stirred 3～6 minutes, add aluminium powder then, restir 1～2 minute; (3) add light-weight aggregate and stirred 1～2 minute, pouring foaming, base substrate is quiet to stop 1～2 hour, after the cutting, entered maintenance, 50～100 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time is 7～1 days.
Simple mechanism of the present invention is: the present invention is from the hydrated product of research goods and the relation of performance, contrast the difference of hydrated product and performance under two kinds of maintenance systems, the mechanism of research dry shrinkage and graphitic corrosion is thought by a large amount of scientific experiments and scientific theory; (1) add the razor stone limestone flour, make it to produce with aerated coal ash concrete in the vigorous mullite crystal of holder performance is had similar effect, effectively reduce and shrink and improve anti-carbonation properties; (2) add iron powder (with Fe 2O 3Content measures), make part Fe 2O 3In hydration process, be solidly soluted in the hydrated product, improve the intensity of goods; (3) add the compound foaming agent of forming by aluminium powder and sodium abietate, improve the pore structure of gas concrete effectively, make all neat refinement of pore, distribute rationally; (4) add light-weight aggregate, make it in article construction, form a rigid backbone, reduce the drying shrinkage value that produces because of dehydration by pore, hydrated product and gel pore thereof significantly.95～100 ℃ of curing temperatures 1～2 day, every performance index of goods can reach the requirement of aerated coal ash concrete building block standard GB/T11968-1997.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following advantage and beneficial effect: (1) is compared with the production technique of aerated coal ash concrete building block, the present invention is under the prerequisite that guarantees to be up to state standards the every performance index of goods GB/T11968-1997 requires, cancelled the complex apparatus in the production technique, the steam press maintenance process of energy consumption maximum, thereby reach the purpose that reduces investment, cuts down the consumption of energy and reduce production costs, have remarkable economic efficiency; (2) compare with other steam-cured flyash goods, the present invention does not adopt common admixture chemical additive to excite the method for flyash and calcium hydroxide reaction, just by common grinding, add iron powder, make goods reach higher-strength within a short period of time, and its dry shrinkage and other performance all reach the standard of steaming pressing product.Overcome chemical activator cost height, to the prejudicial deficiency of the endurance quality of goods; (3) compare with light aggregate concrete and Haydite bricks, the goods unit weight of the present invention's preparation is lighter, and light-weight aggregate and cement consumption are less, and production technique is simple, and energy consumption is low, and product performance are superior; (4) the steam-cured light-weight aggregate powder ash air-entrained concrete building block of the present invention's preparation is to be aggregate with the light-weight aggregate, the gas concrete slip is the light wall material of agglutinate, facility investment is few, production energy consumption is low, the starting material source is abundant, meeting the development trend of China's novel wall material " low pollute, energy-conservation, joint soil, sharp useless, lightweight " fully, is a kind of very promising novel wall material; (5) the present invention sets about from the relation of research between conservation system, hydrated product and the performance, the research product dried is shunk and the mechanism of carbonization, has proposed dry shrinkage and carbonation properties that admixture 10～20% Wingdales improve goods, has obtained significant effect; (6) the present invention is by the research to different foaming agent, air entrapment agent gas making mechanism, seek the best and meet effect, the compound foaming agent that employing is made up of air entrapment agent and aluminium powder, optimize the pore grating, improve air hole structure, make goods reach lightweight, high-strength, impervious and purpose that anti-carbonation properties is good, when having overcome single aluminium powder and getting angry, the bubble aperture is bigger, bubble shortcoming pockety.
Embodiments of the present invention can be as follows: basic material and light-weight aggregate are indispensable material of the present invention in the described prescription of specification sheets in the above.Wherein: cement useful commercial cement (PO425#, PO525# or PII525# cement etc. all can); In calcined lime be the white solid that Wingdale obtains behind 900～1200 ℃ of temperature lower calcinations, require the content of free calcium oxide 〉=65%, content of magnesia≤5%, digestion condition 〉=60 ℃, digestion time is 10～30 minutes; Gypsum requires calcium sulphate content＞80%; Flyash requires loss on ignition＜10%, SiO 2Content＞40%, Al 2O 3Content is 15～35%; The calcium carbonate content of Wingdale requires not limit, and the Wingdale volume is many more, and the drying shrinkage value of goods is more little, but can cause the decline of intensity; Light-weight aggregate can be leca, lytag, haydites of book structure and pearlstone etc., and it is big more that volume fraction is mixed by institute, and the drying shrinkage value of goods is more little; Water should be determined according to the need water characteristic of each basic material, and make compound be suitable for burning the notes foaming; The aluminium powder consumption is decided according to the volume density grade (unit weight) of prepared goods and the density and the strength grade of light-weight aggregate; Air entrapment agent in the admixture, its effect is to introduce in whipping process that some are separate, the micro-bubble that is evenly distributed, it and aluminium powder are formed compound foaming agent, can make the air hole structure of goods more reasonable, have reduced by the get angry aperture of causing of single aluminium powder bigger, shortcomings such as gas cell distribution is inhomogeneous, thereby improve the impervious and anti-carbonization ability of goods, its available various types of air entrapment agents are as sodium abietate, colophonium pyrolytic polymer, sodium alkyl sulfate etc.; The adding of iron powder is favourable to the aquation of goods, Fe in the hydration process 2O 3Be solidly soluted in the hydrated product, can obviously improve the intensity of goods; The adding of fiber not only can increase the intensity of goods, can also suppress the dry shrinkage of goods, and its available various types of fibers include organic fiber, polyvinyl and glass fibre etc.; The inventor has a lot of successful embodiment through years of researches and scientific experimentation, is listed below several embodiment below and illustrates:
Embodiment 1～4 shown in the table 1 is the influence of different lime powder volume to product properties of the present invention.Wherein: the cement of selecting for use is silk cotton PO425# cement, and light-weight aggregate is particle diameter 4～16mm, tightly packed density 360kg/m 3Leca, limestone powder specific surface area 500～600m 2/ kg, Fe in the iron powder 2O 3Content is 60～70%, and air entrapment agent is the Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) acid sodium solution, and fiber is a glass wool; 95～100 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 1 day.It is implemented prescription and performance and sees Table 1 and table 4 (except that indicating especially, volume is mass percent) respectively.
Table 1
Embodiment Cement % Middle calcined lime % Flyash % Gypsum % Limestone powder % Iron powder % Glass wool % Aluminium powder % Fat alkyd sodium % Leca (volume percent) %
1 16 10 60 4 10 1.8 0.3 0.075 0.05 40
2 16 8 52 4 20 1.8 0.3 0.075 0.05 40
3 16 6 45 3 30 1.8 0.3 0.075 0.05 40
Embodiment 4～6 shown in the table 2 is the influences of different light-weight aggregate volumes to product properties of the present invention.Wherein: cement is selected China Resources PII525# cement for use, and light-weight aggregate is particle diameter 4～10mm, tightly packed density 680kg/m 3Lytag, air entrapment agent is the colophonium pyrolytic polymer air entrapment agent, fiber is organic PP fiber, all the other material qualities are with embodiment 1～3.95～100 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 1 day.The prescription of embodiment 4～6 and performance see Table 2 and table 4 (except that indicating especially, volume is mass percent) respectively.
Table 2
Embodiment Cement % Middle calcined lime % Flyash % Gypsum % Limestone powder % Iron powder % PP fiber % Aluminium powder % Colophonium pyrolytic polymer % Lytag (percent by volume) %
4 20 8 58 4 10 1.8 0.5 0.075 0.06 30
5 20 8 58 4 10 1.8 0.5 0.080 0.06 36
6 20 8 58 4 10 1.8 0.5 0.085 0.06 45
Embodiment 7～8 shown in the table 3 is the influence of different ingredients comparison product properties of the present invention.Wherein: cement adopts silk cotton PO525# cement, particle diameter 8～20mm, tightly packed density 590kg/m 3Haydites of book structure, light-weight aggregate is the industrial residue microglass fiber, air entrapment agent is a sodium abietate solution, all the other raw-material qualities are with embodiment 1～3.The prescription of embodiment 7～8 and product properties see Table 3 and table 4 respectively.55～65 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 7 days.Embodiment 9 is industrial comparative sample, and manufacturer provides by powder ash air-entrained concrete; The product properties of embodiment 1～9 is shown in Table 4.
Table 3
Embodiment Cement % Middle calcined lime % Flyash % Gypsum % Limestone powder % Iron powder % PP fiber % Aluminium powder % Colophonium pyrolytic polymer % Lytag (percent by volume) %
7 18 8 54 5 15 1.8 0.3 0.075 0.07 36
8 18 8 54 5 15 1.8 0.3 0.075 / 36
9 12 15 68 5 / 1/ / 0.055 / /
Table 4
Embodiment Ultimate compression strength (Mpa) Unit weight (kg/m 3) Drying shrinkage value (mm/m) (rapid method) The carbonization coefficient
1 4.39 650 0.50 0.80
2 3.96 640 0.47 0.78
3 3.48 644 0.41 0.77
4 5.58 736 0.73 0.83
5 5.29 742 0.63 0.78
6 5.36 750 0.30 0.68
7 5.53 713 0.61 0.78
8 5.23 720 0.64 0.67
9 3.50 630 0.56 0.66
Compared as can be seen by the foregoing description: (1) along with the increase of limestone powder volume, and product strength descends, but drying shrinkage value is also along with reducing, and the carbonization index variation is little; (2) along with the increase of light-weight aggregate volume fraction volume, Strength Changes is little, and drying shrinkage value obviously reduces, and the carbonization coefficient also reduces thereupon; (3) mix the compound foaming agent that air entrapment agent forms after, product strength improves, the carbonization coefficient obviously improves, drying shrinkage value slightly reduces; (4) as seen, in described prescription of the present invention of specification sheets and the material ranges, make in the above, all can produce every performance and reach the product that the steaming pressing product national standard requires according to processing condition of the presently claimed invention from embodiment 1～8.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of manufacture method of light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall is characterized in that: its material therefor and mass percent thereof are:
Cement: 10～22%
The hard calcined lime of middling speed: 6～15%
Gypsum: 2～5%
Flyash: 40～65%
Limestone powder: 5～30%
Aluminium powder: volume density (unit weight) grade according to institute's production building block is decided, and building block unit weight is light more, and the aluminium powder consumption is many more, and unit weight is heavy more, and the aluminium powder consumption is few more, for the unit weight grade at 500～800kg/m 3Building block, the aluminium powder consumption is 0.12～0.04%;
Water: to satisfy the pouring foaming moulding process is that prerequisite reduces water consumption as far as possible
With basic material 100 mass parts is benchmark, and the admixture prescription is as follows:
Iron powder is (with Fe 2O 3The content metering): 0～1.2 part
Fiber: 0～0.5 part
Air entrapment agent---sodium abietate, colophonium pyrolytic polymer, sodium alkyl sulfate etc. are: 0～0.07 part
With the above-mentioned volume of preparing goods is 100, then light-weight aggregate---volumes such as lytag, leca, haydites of book structure, pearlstone: 25～45 volume fractions
Its technological process is as follows: (1) presses the disposable input stirrer of above-mentioned recipe ratio to flyash, middle calcined lime and the common grinding of gypsum with cement, limestone powder, iron powder etc.; (2) fiber, air entrapment agent and after water mixes, join again in the stirrer, stirred 3～5 minutes, add aluminium powder then, restir 1～2 minute; (3) add light-weight aggregate and stirred 1～2 minute, pouring foaming, base substrate is quiet to stop 1～2 hour, after the cutting, entered maintenance, 50～100 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time is 7～1 days.
2, by the manufacture method of right 1 described a kind of light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall, it is characterized in that limestone powder the best is 10～20% in the described composition material mass percent.
CN00117264A 2000-07-15 2000-07-15 Process for preparing light building blocks of powdered coal ash for wall Expired - Fee Related CN1107035C (en)

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