CN110703386B - Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer - Google Patents
Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2726—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means in or on light guides, e.g. polarisation means assembled in a light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
- G02B6/29308—Diffractive element having focusing properties, e.g. curved gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
- G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29371—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating principle based on material dispersion
- G02B6/29374—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating principle based on material dispersion in an optical light guide
- G02B6/29376—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating principle based on material dispersion in an optical light guide coupling light guides for controlling wavelength dispersion, e.g. by concatenation of two light guides having different dispersion properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
Abstract
The invention discloses a Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer, which comprises a polarization beam splitting grating coupler, two input waveguides, a Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating, a free transmission area and two output waveguide arrays. Compared with the traditional concave surface diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer, the polarization beam splitting grating coupler has the advantages that the two polarized lights output by the polarization beam splitting grating coupler are respectively incident to the diffraction grating at different angles, and the Bragg grating is utilized to efficiently diffract the two polarized lights, so that the number of output channels is effectively increased and the integration level of devices is improved on the premise of not increasing the number of lasers.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication and optical detection, and relates to a Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer.
[ background of the invention ]
The planar optical Waveguide Multiplexer mainly comprises ① a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (Wavelength Division-Multiplexer, WDM) based on Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) and Etched Diffraction Grating (EDG), ② a Polarization-Division-Multiplexer (PDM) based on polarizer (Polarizers), Polarization beam splitter (Polarizing beam meters, PBS), Polarization rotator (Polarization Rotators, PR), a Mode Division-Multiplexer (Polarization-Division-Multiplexer, PDM) of ③ a Mode Division-Multiplexer (Mode Division-Multiplexer, PDM) for multiplexing by using a guided wave Mode, a novel device of the Multiplexer, and a multi-channel parallel transmission technology, wherein the multi-channel parallel transmission technology can be realized by using the multi-Mode laser Multiplexer, and the multi-channel parallel transmission technology can be realized by using the multi-Mode laser Multiplexer, so that the multi-channel parallel transmission technology can be realized.
As a novel EDG, the Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating has attracted attention because of its small size, high diffraction efficiency, and simple process. The Rowland circle imaging principle is utilized, the incident light waveguide is positioned on the Rowland circle, after being reflected by a series of grating tooth surfaces on the grating circle, the incident light waveguide interferes and diffracts in a free transmission area and is focused on the Rowland circle again, and the integration level of the device is effectively improved. Pierre Pottier et al designed an elliptic linear Bragg reflector concave Diffraction Grating based on the 1/4 wavelength theory, and based on this, designed and processed a micro spectrometer (Integrated Microspecrometer with Elliptical Bragg reflector Enhanced Diffraction Grating on Silicon Insulator, ACS Photonics,2014,1(5): 430-436); muyu et al use one-dimensional photonic crystal band theory to control the center wavelength of the diffraction band of a Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating (Perfect matching of a concave diffraction grating with a convex diffraction grating SOI plan, Journal of the optical Society of America A,2019,36(4): 641-646). Due to the difference of the effective refractive indexes of the two polarized lights corresponding to the slab waveguide, the above researches are directed at wavelength division multiplexing of single polarized light, the polarization characteristic of the guided wave is not fully utilized to perform channel doubling, and the incident light signal in the practical optical communication application is not linearly polarized light, which means that the signal in the line loses nearly half of the optical power after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, after incident light in optical communication application passes through a wavelength division multiplexer, signals in a line lose half of optical power, and provides a Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer is characterized by comprising a polarization beam splitting grating coupler, wherein TE polarized light and TM polarized light output by the polarization beam splitting grating coupler enter an input waveguide through a coupler output waveguide, emergent light of the input waveguide reaches a concave diffraction grating through transmission of a free transmission area, and is respectively focused on a coupler output waveguide array after being diffracted and split by the concave diffraction grating; the concave diffraction grating extends and is distributed along the grating circle; the rowland circle is inscribed in the grating circle, and the diameter of the rowland circle is equal to the radius of the grating circle.
The invention further improves the following steps:
the coupler output waveguide comprises a coupler first output waveguide and a coupler second output waveguide, and the input waveguide comprises a first input waveguide and a second input waveguide;
the TE polarized light enters the first input waveguide through the first output waveguide of the coupler;
the TM polarized light enters the second input waveguide through the coupler second output waveguide.
The output waveguide array comprises a first output waveguide array and a second output waveguide array; emergent light of the first input waveguide and the second input waveguide is diffracted and split by the concave diffraction grating and then respectively focused on the first output waveguide array and the second output waveguide array.
One end of a first output waveguide of the coupler is connected with the polarization beam splitting grating coupler, and the other end of the first output waveguide of the coupler is connected with the first input waveguide in a tangent mode; one end of the second output waveguide of the coupler is connected with the polarization beam splitting grating coupler, and the other end of the second output waveguide of the coupler is connected with the second input waveguide in a tangent mode.
The incident ports of the first and second input waveguides and the exit ports of the first and second output waveguide arrays are all on a rowland circle.
The free transmission region is a part between the incident port of the first input waveguide and the incident port of the second input waveguide to the concave diffraction grating.
Grating circle with O1Point as center of circle, O1C is a radius; rowland circle with O2Point as center of circle, O1C is the diameter; the tangent point C of the two circles is a pole point; pole C and a point O on the Roland circle3Is connected to O1The included angle between C is a blaze angle theta; the concave diffraction grating has two refractive indexes n1、n2The material is formed by periodically arranging arc-shaped Bragg reflectors which are alternately distributed on a grating circle according to the thickness ratio of f (1-f); refractive index n2The material of (A) is distributed in the shape of O corresponding to the central circular arc of each fan ring3The point is the center of a circle, the adjacent radiuses are different by a Bragg period d, and the circle in the middle of the group of concentric circles intersects with the grating circle at the pole C; the intersection point of each circle and the grating circle and the corresponding intersection point and O of the adjacent concentric circles on the intersection point3The intersection point of the angle bisector of the connecting line between the points and the circle is the starting point of the taken circular arc; at the intersection of each circle with the grating circle and O3N layers of circular arcs are arranged in the direction of the connecting line between the points, namely the number of layers of the Bragg reflector is N; the total number of teeth of the concave diffraction grating is K.
The first input waveguide is an arc-shaped optical waveguide, and the central arc of the first input waveguide is tangent to the connecting line of the incident port and the pole C, and the connecting line is connected with the O3The angle between C is the angle of incidence of the first input waveguide with respect to the normal to the Bragg reflecting surface
And O1The angle between C is the angle of incidence α of the first input waveguide with respect to the normal to the grating surface1(ii) a The second input waveguide is an arc-shaped optical waveguide, and the central arc of the second input waveguide is tangent to the connecting line of the incident port and the pole C, and the connecting line is connected with the O3The angle between C is the angle of incidence of the second input waveguide with respect to the normal to the Bragg reflecting surface
And O1The angle between C is the angle of incidence α of the second input waveguide with respect to the normal to the grating surface2(ii) a The central line of each output waveguide of the first output waveguide array and the second output waveguide array is on the same straight line with the pole C, and the straight line is on the same straight line with the pole C1The angle between C is the diffraction angle β of the output waveguide with respect to the normal to the grating surface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer divides an incident light signal in an optical fiber into two polarizations of TE and TM to be respectively incident on the diffraction grating through the cascade polarization beam splitting grating coupler. Compared with the existing wavelength multiplexer based on the Bragg concave diffraction grating, the wavelength multiplexer has the advantages that the number of output channels of the device is doubled on the premise of not increasing the number of lasers, and the circumference of a Rowland circle is fully utilized. The invention provides a feasible scheme for the multichannel capacity expansion of optical communication based on the Bragg concave diffraction grating.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a band diagram of a Bragg reflector incident with two polarizations of light according to the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the reflection spectrum of four groups of Bragg reflector structures at the incidence of two polarized lights.
FIG. 4 is a graph α showing the complete separation of the corresponding diffracted beams when two polarized lights are incident1、α2And (5) a value range diagram.
FIG. 5 shows diffraction patterns of a Bragg concave diffraction grating when two polarized lights are incident.
Wherein: 1-a polarization beam splitting grating coupler; a 2-1-coupler first output waveguide; a 2-2-coupler second output waveguide; 3-1-a first input waveguide; 3-2-a second input waveguide; 4-a free transport region; 5-a concave diffraction grating; 6-1-a first output waveguide array; 6-2-second output waveguide array.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
In the context of the present disclosure, when a layer/element is referred to as being "on" another layer/element, it can be directly on the other layer/element or intervening layers/elements may be present. In addition, if a layer/element is "on" another layer/element in one orientation, then that layer/element may be "under" the other layer/element when the orientation is reversed.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to the figure, the Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer comprises a polarization beam splitting grating coupler 1, a coupler first output waveguide 2-1, a coupler second output waveguide 2-2, a first input waveguide 3-1, a second input waveguide 3-2, a free transmission area 4, a concave diffraction grating 5, a first output waveguide array 6-1 and a second output waveguide array 6-2; the polarized beam splitting grating coupler 1 outputs TE polarized light, the TE polarized light enters a first input waveguide 3-1 through a first output waveguide 2-1 of the coupler, and outputs TM polarized light, the TM polarized light enters a second input waveguide 3-2 through a second output waveguide 2-2 of the coupler; emergent light of the first input waveguide 3-1 and the second input waveguide 3-2 is transmitted through the free transmission area 4 and is diffracted and split by the concave diffraction grating 5, and then is focused on the first output waveguide array 6-1 and the second output waveguide array 6-2 respectively.
One end of a first output waveguide 2-1 of the coupler is connected with the polarization beam splitting grating coupler 1, and the other end of the first output waveguide is connected with a first input waveguide 3-1 in a tangent mode; one end of a second output waveguide 2-2 of the coupler is connected with the polarization beam splitting grating coupler 1, and the other end of the second output waveguide is connected with a second input waveguide 3-2 in a tangent mode; the incident ports of the first input waveguide 3-1 and the second input waveguide 3-2 and the exit ports of the first output waveguide array 6-1 and the second output waveguide array 6-2 are on Rowland circles; the concave diffraction grating 5 extends and is distributed along the grating circle; the Rowland circle is internally tangent to the grating circle, and the diameter of the Rowland circle is equal to the radius of the grating circle; a free transmission area 4 is arranged between the incident port of the first input waveguide 3-1 and the incident port of the second input waveguide 3-2 to the concave diffraction grating 5.
Grating circle with O1Point as center of circle, O1C is a radius; rowland circle with O2Point as center of circle, O1C is the diameter; the tangent point C of the two circles is a pole point; pole C and a point O on the Roland circle3Is connected to O1The included angle between C is a blaze angle theta; the concave diffraction grating 5 consists of two refractive indexes n1、n2The material is formed by periodically arranging arc-shaped Bragg reflectors which are alternately distributed on a grating circle according to the thickness ratio of f (1-f); refractive index n2The material of (A) is distributed in the shape of O corresponding to the central circular arc of each fan ring3The point is the center of a circle, the adjacent radiuses are different by a Bragg period d, and the circle in the middle of the group of concentric circles intersects with the grating circle at the pole C; the intersection point of each circle and the grating circle and the corresponding intersection point and O of the adjacent concentric circles on the intersection point3The intersection point of the angular bisector of the connecting line between the points and the circle is the starting point of the taken circular arc, and the intersection point O between each circle and the grating circle is3N layers of circular arcs are arranged in the direction of the connecting line between the points, namely the number of layers of the Bragg reflector is N; the total number of teeth of the concave diffraction grating 5 is K.
The first input waveguide 3-1 is a circular arc optical waveguide, and its central arc is tangent to the connecting line of its incident port and pole C, the connecting line and O3The angle between C is the angle of incidence of the first input waveguide 3-1 with respect to the normal to the Bragg reflecting surface
And O1The angle between C is the angle of incidence α of the first input waveguide 3-1 with respect to the normal to the grating surface1(ii) a The second input waveguide 3-2 is a circular arc optical waveguide, and its central arc is tangent to the connecting line of its incident port and pole C, the connecting line and O3The angle between C is the angle of incidence of the second input waveguide 3-2 with respect to the normal to the Bragg reflecting surface
And O1The angle between C is the angle of incidence α of the second input waveguide 3-2 with respect to the normal to the grating surface2(ii) a The central line of each output waveguide of the first output waveguide array 6-1 and the second output waveguide array 6-2 is on the same straight line with the pole C, and the straight line is on the same straight line with the pole O1The angle between C is the diffraction angle β of the output waveguide with respect to the normal to the grating surface.
The method for designing a polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer of the Bragg concave diffraction grating type according to the present invention will be described below by way of specific examples. The example uses a 220nm-SOI platform with the following relevant material parameters: free transport region Si refractive index n13.447, substrate and cladding SiO2Refractive index n21.444, the effective refractive index of free transmission region is n when TE and TM modes are incidentFPR1＝2.848、nFPR22.053; the number N of Bragg reflector layers is 14; the input wavelength range is 1.5-1.6 μm; center wavelength λc＝1.55μm。
1) The polarization beam splitting grating coupler 1 is designed to split incident light into two parts of TE polarization and TM polarization.
2) According to the theory of one-dimensional photonic crystals and the grating blaze condition, the structural parameters of the concave diffraction grating 5 which can simultaneously realize the high-efficiency diffraction of two polarized lights in the required wave band are determined.
As shown in fig. 2, the effective refractive indexes of the slab waveguides corresponding to the two polarized lights are respectively substituted into a one-dimensional photonic crystal theory, and the energy band structures of the Bragg reflectors corresponding to the two polarized lights are drawn. Extracting a plurality of groups of structural parameters of the Bragg reflector corresponding to the intersection areas of the two polarized light forbidden bands, when the number N of Bragg reflector layers is 14, selecting two groups of parameters corresponding to the two polarized light forbidden bands and containing the required wave bands, wherein the reflecting bands corresponding to the structural parameters are as shown in figure 3: d is 0.41 μm, f is 0.5; d is 1.20 μm, and f is 0.8. The corresponding positions of the two sets of parameters in the band structure are shown by the dashed and dotted lines in fig. 3.
According to the grating equation:
m1λ＝nFPR1a(sinα1+sinβ1)
m2λ＝nFPR2a(sinα2+sinβ2)
let theta equal to 45 degrees,
α1＝α247 deg.. Accordingly, the corresponding center wavelength of the structural parameters of the Bragg reflector is selected
And
the set with the smallest output uniformity is selected, where d is 1.20 μm and f is 0.8, then m is1＝4，m2＝3，a＝1.70μm。
3) The relationship of the angular dispersion of the concave diffraction grating 5 and the wavelength interval of the adjacent channels is utilized to determine the incident angle relationship of the first input waveguide 3-1 and the second input waveguide 3-2 corresponding to the two polarized lights relative to the normal of the grating surface.
Although the difference between the effective refractive index and the diffraction order of the slab waveguide corresponding to the two polarized lights causes the difference between the diffraction angles of the two polarized lights corresponding to the same incident angle, in order to ensure the complete separation of the diffracted light beams, the following requirements are also satisfied:
let lambda1＝1.518μm，λN1.582 μm, each diffraction angle is obtained from the grating equation
And angular dispersion
And α1、α2α can be obtained by substituting the above equation1、α2The interval satisfies:
the value points satisfying the above formula relationship are shown by hatching in FIG. 4, let α1＝51°，α2＝47°。
4) Determining the radius R of the Rowland circle by using the TE polarization angular dispersion relation, the wavelength interval of adjacent channels and the central distance of each output waveguide of the first output waveguide array 6-1rc：
Let Δ l be 5 μm and Δ λ be 16nm to obtain a circle radius R of DelolanrcWhen two polarized lights are incident, the diffraction angle β corresponding to each wavelength can be obtained by the grating equation, and the central position of each output waveguide in the first output waveguide array 6-1 and the first output waveguide array 6-2 is determined.
The number of grating teeth K is 101, and the widths t of the input waveguide and the output waveguide are 4.4 μm. And performing simulation according to the parameters, effectively separating output light corresponding to the two polarizations, wherein the total diffraction efficiency is shown in fig. 5, which shows that the two polarizations obtain high-efficiency light splitting on a rowland circle after passing through the concave diffraction grating, and finally obtaining the polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer with the channel number twice that of the original wavelength division multiplexer.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer is characterized by comprising a polarization beam splitting grating coupler (1), TE polarized light and TM polarized light output by the polarization beam splitting grating coupler (1) enter an input waveguide through a coupler output waveguide, emergent light of the input waveguide reaches a concave diffraction grating (5) through transmission of a free transmission area (4), and is respectively focused on a coupler output waveguide array after being diffracted and split by the concave diffraction grating (5); the concave diffraction grating (5) extends and is distributed along the grating circle; the Rowland circle is internally tangent to the grating circle, and the diameter of the Rowland circle is equal to the radius of the grating circle;
the coupler output waveguide comprises a coupler first output waveguide (2-1) and a coupler second output waveguide (2-2), and the input waveguide comprises a first input waveguide (3-1) and a second input waveguide (3-2);
TE polarized light enters a first input waveguide (3-1) through a first output waveguide (2-1) of the coupler;
the TM polarized light enters a second input waveguide (3-2) through a second output waveguide (2-2) of the coupler;
the output waveguide array comprises a first output waveguide array (6-1) and a second output waveguide array (6-2); emergent light of the first input waveguide (3-1) and the second input waveguide (3-2) is diffracted and split by the concave diffraction grating (5) and then is focused on the first output waveguide array (6-1) and the second output waveguide array (6-2) respectively;
the incident ports of the first input waveguide (3-1) and the second input waveguide (3-2) and the exit ports of the first output waveguide array (6-1) and the second output waveguide array (6-2) are all on a Rowland circle.
2. A Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the first output waveguide (2-1) of the coupler is connected at one end to the polarization beam splitting grating coupler (1) and at the other end to the first input waveguide (3-1) in a tangential connection; one end of a second output waveguide (2-2) of the coupler is connected with the polarization beam splitting grating coupler (1), and the other end of the second output waveguide is tangentially connected with a second input waveguide (3-2).
3. A Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the free transmission region (4) is a portion between the incident port of the first input waveguide (3-1) and the incident port of the second input waveguide (3-2) to the concave diffraction grating (5).
4. A Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the grating circle is O1Point as center of circle, O1C is a radius; rowland circle with O2Point as center of circle, O1C is the diameter; the tangent point C of the two circles is a pole point; pole C and a point O on the Roland circle3Is connected to O1The included angle between C is a blaze angle theta; the concave diffraction grating (5) consists of two refractive indexes n1、n2The material is formed by periodically arranging arc-shaped Bragg reflectors which are alternately distributed on a grating circle according to the thickness ratio of f (1-f); refractive index n2The material of (A) is distributed in the shape of O corresponding to the central circular arc of each fan ring3A point is a circle center, adjacent radiuses are different by a Bragg period d on a concentric circle, and a circle and a grating in the middle of the group of concentric circlesThe circle intersects the pole C; the intersection point of each circle and the grating circle and the corresponding intersection point and O of the adjacent concentric circles on the intersection point3The intersection point of the angle bisector of the connecting line between the points and the circle is the starting point of the taken circular arc; at the intersection of each circle with the grating circle and O3N layers of circular arcs are arranged in the direction of the connecting line between the points, namely the number of layers of the Bragg reflector is N; the total number of teeth of the concave diffraction grating (5) is K.
5. A Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer according to claim 4, wherein the first input waveguide (3-1) is a circular arc waveguide with its central arc tangent to the line connecting its input port with the pole C and to O3The angle between C is the angle of incidence of the first input waveguide (3-1) with respect to the normal of the Bragg reflector
And O1The angle between C is the angle of incidence α of the first input waveguide (3-1) with respect to the normal to the grating surface1(ii) a The second input waveguide (3-2) is a circular arc optical waveguide, and the central circular arc is tangent to the connecting line of the incident port and the pole C, and the connecting line is connected with the O3The angle between C is the angle of incidence of the second input waveguide (3-2) with respect to the normal of the Bragg reflection surface
And O1The angle between C is the angle of incidence α of the second input waveguide (3-2) with respect to the normal to the grating surface2(ii) a The central line of each output waveguide of the first output waveguide array (6-1) and the second output waveguide array (6-2) is on the same straight line with the pole C, and the straight line and the pole C are on the same straight line with the pole O1The angle between C is the diffraction angle β of the output waveguide with respect to the normal to the grating surface.
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| CN201910945155.5A CN110703386B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Bragg concave diffraction grating type polarization-wavelength hybrid multiplexer |
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