CN110701482A - Fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen storage management method - Google Patents

Fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen storage management method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110701482A
CN110701482A CN201910709487.3A CN201910709487A CN110701482A CN 110701482 A CN110701482 A CN 110701482A CN 201910709487 A CN201910709487 A CN 201910709487A CN 110701482 A CN110701482 A CN 110701482A
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cylinder valve
value
hydrogen
fault
cylinder
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CN110701482B (en
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乐煜
于文俊
钱韬
刘强
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SHANGHAI SHUNHUA ENERGY SYSTEM CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI SHUNHUA ENERGY SYSTEM CO Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03309—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels
    • B60K2015/03315—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels for hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0178—Cars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen storage management method for a fuel cell commercial vehicle, which comprises the following steps: collecting power supply voltage of a sensor; judging whether the sensor has a fault according to the acquired power supply voltage of the sensor; collecting a cylinder valve pressure value and a pipeline pressure value, and judging whether the pressure is normal or not according to the collected pressure values; detecting the temperature of the cylinder valve, and judging whether the pipeline has a fault or not according to the collected temperature value of the cylinder valve; detecting a hydrogen concentration value, and judging whether the pipeline breaks down or not according to the collected hydrogen concentration value of the bottle; determining whether to close the cylinder valve according to the temperature of the cylinder valve, the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder, the current hydrogen concentration and the temperature difference between any two cylinder valves; and (4) according to the pressure value of the pipeline, executing shutdown of the fuel cell system, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the engine. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the cylinder valve driving and the hydrogen pressure detection are automatically carried out, and the problems of overpressure, overcurrent and underpressure of hydrogen during working can be detected in time through the controller.

Description

Fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen storage management method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety protection of a hydrogenation station, in particular to a hydrogen storage management method for a fuel cell commercial vehicle.
Background
Compared with the lithium battery electric vehicle, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle has lighter self weight, greatly shortens the energy supply time, is hardly limited by the endurance mileage, solves the problems of anxiety of the endurance mileage of the lithium battery and rapid energy supply, and lays a foundation for truly realizing the large-scale application of the zero-emission vehicle. The planning points out the development direction from the aspects of development technology route, core technology attack, industrial breakthrough of the whole industry chain, commercialization demonstration of the fuel cell automobile and the like of the hydrogen fuel cell.
The hydrogen fuel cell automobile uses hydrogen which has the characteristics of flammability, explosiveness, hydrogen brittleness and the like, so the control and safety protection requirements for the hydrogen storage control system are particularly outstanding, and the safety of the whole automobile is directly influenced by the quality of control. Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of the fuel cell, if the supplied hydrogen has problems of overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage and the like during operation, the service life of the fuel cell is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen storage management method for a fuel cell commercial vehicle, which aims to automatically drive a cylinder valve and detect the pressure of hydrogen and can timely detect the problems of over-pressure, over-current and under-pressure of the hydrogen during working through a controller.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a hydrogen storage management method for a fuel cell commercial vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring power supply voltage of a sensor, wherein the sensor comprises a cylinder valve temperature sensor, a pipeline pressure sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor;
judging whether the sensor has a fault according to the acquired power supply voltage of the sensor, and if so, determining the current fault level and code;
collecting a cylinder valve pressure value and a pipeline pressure value, judging whether the pressure is normal or not according to the collected pressure value, and if so, determining a fault grade and a code according to the current pressure value;
detecting the temperature of the cylinder valve, judging whether the pipeline has a fault according to the collected cylinder valve temperature value, and if so, determining the fault grade and the code according to the current cylinder valve temperature value;
detecting a hydrogen concentration value, judging whether a pipeline fails according to the collected hydrogen concentration value of the bottle, and if so, determining a failure action according to the current hydrogen concentration value;
determining whether to close the cylinder valve according to the temperature of the cylinder valve, the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder, the current hydrogen concentration and the temperature difference between any two cylinder valves;
and (4) according to the pressure value of the pipeline, executing shutdown of the fuel cell system, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the engine.
In an optional implementation manner, the step of performing shutdown of the fuel cell system, sequentially closing the cylinder valves, and stopping the fuel cell system according to the magnitude of the pipeline pressure value includes:
according to the pipeline pressure value, executing:
the medium pressure is: the fuel cell system is shut down under the conditions that the medium voltage is higher than TBDbarg for 5s or the medium voltage is lower than TBDbarg for 5s or the sensor fails;
the high pressure is: and under the conditions that the high pressure exceeds 720barg, or the high pressure is less than 20barg, or the sensor fails, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the machine.
In an optional implementation manner, the step of detecting a hydrogen concentration value, determining whether a pipeline fails according to the collected hydrogen concentration value of the bottle, and if so, determining a failure action according to the current hydrogen concentration value includes:
detecting a hydrogen concentration value, and executing the following steps according to the hydrogen concentration value: when the hydrogen concentration value of 3000ppm < 8000ppm lasts for 5s, the instrument starts to alarm; under the condition that the hydrogen concentration value is more than 8000ppm and less than 10000ppm for 5s continuously, the fuel cell system is shut down, and a cylinder valve is closed and shut down; closing the cylinder valve and stopping the machine under the condition that the hydrogen concentration value is less than 10000ppm and is continuously 5 s; and under the condition of sensor failure, the fuel cell system is shut down, and the cylinder valve is closed in sequence and stopped.
In an alternative implementation, the step of determining whether to close the cylinder valve according to the cylinder valve temperature, the hydrogen cylinder pressure, the current hydrogen concentration and the temperature difference between any two cylinder valves includes:
when any cylinder valve generates over-temperature alarm and short circuit, the cylinder valve is closed;
when the temperature of the cylinder valve is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, starting an instrument to alarm, when the temperature of the cylinder valve is more than 85 ℃, closing the cylinder valve, stopping the machine, and when the temperature of the cylinder valve is less than-40 ℃, closing the cylinder valve; when the cylinder valve sensor is in fault, closing the cylinder valve;
when the temperature difference between any two hydrogen bottles is more than 20 ℃, the instrument is started to alarm.
In an optional implementation, the method further includes:
the VCU of the vehicle control unit sends a mode request signal to the HMS and receives a working mode selection, wherein the working mode is divided into an automatic mode, a manual mode and a maintenance mode;
in the automatic mode, the vehicle control unit VCU sends a starting instruction to the hydrogen system management unit HMS, after the hydrogen system management unit HMS receives the starting instruction and meets a starting condition, the cylinder valves are sequentially opened, the opening time interval is 200ms, the working mode is fed back to the vehicle control unit VCU, and the shape of the cylinder valves is fed back;
in a manual mode, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) directly controls the opening of a cylinder valve, the VCU sends a hydrogen cylinder valve request instruction to a hydrogen system management unit (HMS), and the HMS opens the cylinder valve and feeds back a working mode to the VCU of the vehicle control unit and the state of the cylinder valve when the opening condition is met after receiving the valve opening instruction;
in the maintenance mode, the vehicle control unit VCU directly controls the opening of the cylinder valve, the vehicle control unit VCU sends a hydrogen cylinder valve request instruction to the hydrogen system management unit HMS, and the hydrogen system management unit HMS directly opens the cylinder valve after receiving the valve opening instruction, feeds back a working mode to the vehicle control unit VCU and feeds back the state of the cylinder valve.
In an optional implementation, the method further includes the step of initiating the instruction: the CAN input processing module converts a bus value of the starting instruction into an actual physical value; when instantaneous fault exists, the starting instruction is output as the value of the previous period; when a confirmed fault exists in CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller, a starting instruction outputs a preset fault code;
the processing of the hydrogen cylinder valve request includes: the CAN input processing module converts a bus value requested by the hydrogen cylinder valve into an actual physical value; when instantaneous fault exists, the hydrogen cylinder valve requests to output a value of a previous period; when a CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller has a confirmed fault, the hydrogen cylinder valve requests to output a preset fault code;
the processing of the hydrogen system management unit HMS mode request includes: the CAN input processing module converts the bus value of the HMS mode request into an actual physical value; when instantaneous faults exist, the HMS mode request is output as a value of a previous period; when a confirmed fault exists in CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller, the HMS mode requests to output a fault code;
the processing procedure of the working state of the fuel cell comprises the following steps: the CAN input processing module converts the bus value of the working state of the fuel cell into an actual physical value; when there is instantaneous fault, the working state output of the fuel cell is the value of the previous period; and when the CAN message transmission of the VCU of the vehicle controller has a confirmed fault, the working state request of the fuel cell is output as a preset fault code.
By applying the hydrogen storage management method for the fuel cell commercial vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, cylinder valve driving and hydrogen pressure detection are automatically carried out, and the problems of overpressure, overcurrent and undervoltage of hydrogen during working can be timely detected through the controller.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a hydrogen storage management method for a fuel cell commercial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, it should be noted that the drawings provided in this embodiment are only schematic and illustrate the basic concept of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, number and ratio of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for managing hydrogen storage of a fuel cell commercial vehicle, where the method includes the following steps:
s101, collecting power supply voltage of a sensor, wherein the sensor comprises a cylinder valve temperature sensor, a pipeline pressure sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor; and judging whether the sensor has a fault according to the acquired power supply voltage of the sensor, and if so, determining the current fault level and code.
Monitoring whether the power supply voltage of the sensor is normal or not can generate a transient fault and a definite fault in the monitoring process. The power supply voltage is obtained by converting the value of the sensor power supply voltage signal ADC, so that the effect of monitoring the value of the sensor power supply voltage signal ADC is the same. The sensor supply voltage signal ADC has a value range of 500-530, although these two values are scalar quantities. A transient failure of the sensor supply voltage occurs when any of the following conditions is met: the value of the sensor power supply voltage signal ADC is less than a threshold value; the value of the sensor power supply voltage signal ADC is larger than a threshold value; when instantaneous faults of the sensor power supply voltage continuously occur for a period of time, faults determined by the sensor power supply voltage can occur.
S102, collecting a pressure value of the cylinder valve and a pressure value of the pipeline, judging whether the pressure is normal or not according to the collected pressure values, and if so, determining a fault grade and a code according to the current pressure value.
The coil used on the BV700 cylinder valve has a low impedance of about 3 omega and is designed specifically for Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control. The coil current is adjusted so as to optimize the performance to the maximum and reduce the power consumption. Currently, a cylinder valve is controlled by a pulse width modulation (HMS) through a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal, when a cylinder valve opening condition is met, the HMS opens the cylinder valve through a current of 2A, and when the cylinder valve is opened, the current is reduced to a holding current of 1A. After the cylinder valve is opened, the cylinder valve is closed when any one of the following conditions is met: receiving a cylinder valve closing instruction, wherein the cylinder valve temperature is more than or equal to 85 ℃, the cylinder valve temperature is less than or equal to minus 40 ℃, the hydrogen cylinder pressure is more than or equal to 72Mpa, the hydrogen concentration is more than or equal to 10000ppm, the cylinder valve temperature difference is more than or equal to 20 ℃, and the CAN communication loss fault is more than or equal to 2S.
Detecting whether the pressure signal has short circuit/open circuit fault; and judging the current voltage value of the pressure signal. Calculating the current pressure; the formula Y is kX + b, which is provided by the sensor manufacturer.
The pressure signal short circuit/open circuit transient fault occurs when any one of the following conditions is met:
the voltage value of the pressure signal is smaller than a threshold value;
the voltage value of the pressure signal is larger than a threshold value.
A pressure signal short/open determination failure occurs when the following conditions are simultaneously satisfied:
the pressure signal short circuit/open circuit instantaneous fault continuously occurs for a period of time;
no transient failure of the sensor supply voltage occurs;
no failure of the sensor supply voltage determination occurs;
when no transient and deterministic faults occur, the conversion equation between pressure values and pressure voltage values is: p ═ U + offset scaling. The formula is the relation between the output voltage characteristic and the actual physical characteristic of the pressure sensor, the specific scaling and offset parameters are provided by a sensor manufacturer, and the two parameters are different for different types of sensors. Wherein P is pressure in kPa; u is the pressure signal voltage in V.
The value of the current pressure is equal to the value of the last cycle pressure when any of the following conditions is met:
instantaneous failure of the sensor supply voltage occurs;
pressure signal short circuit/open circuit transient fault occurrence;
the value of the current pressure is equal to 0 when any of the following conditions is satisfied;
the first period of software operation has the pressure signal short circuit/open circuit instantaneous fault;
a pressure signal short/open determination fault occurs.
S103, detecting the temperature of the cylinder valve, judging whether the pipeline has a fault according to the collected temperature value of the cylinder valve, and if so, determining the fault grade and the code according to the current temperature value of the cylinder valve.
When the ADC value of the cylinder valve temperature signal is converted into the cylinder valve temperature, the table is looked up, first-order lag filtering is carried out on the temperature value after the table is looked up, and the filtering time constant is a calibration quantity. Meanwhile, the fault of the cylinder valve temperature sensor can be detected. The cylinder valve temperature is obtained by looking up a table through the ADC value of the cylinder valve temperature signal. The temperature value obtained by table lookup is subjected to first-order filtering, the filtering time constant can be calibrated, and the current time constant is set to be 200 ms. A cylinder valve temperature sensor failure may occur when any of the following conditions are met: the ADC value of the cylinder valve temperature signal is smaller than a threshold value; the ADC value of the cylinder valve temperature signal is larger than a threshold value; when the instantaneous failure of the cylinder valve temperature sensor continues for a while, the failure determined by the cylinder valve temperature sensor occurs, and when the failure determined by the cylinder valve temperature sensor occurs, the cylinder valve temperature is overwritten by 0 ℃.
And S104, detecting a hydrogen concentration value, judging whether the pipeline has a fault according to the collected hydrogen concentration value of the bottle, and if so, determining a fault action according to the current hydrogen concentration value.
Detecting whether the concentration signal has short circuit/open circuit fault; by judging the current duty ratio value of the concentration signal.
Calculating the current concentration; the formula Y is kX + b, which is provided by the sensor manufacturer.
The concentration signal short/open transient fault occurs when any one of the following conditions is met:
the duty ratio value of the concentration signal is less than a threshold value;
the duty ratio value of the concentration signal is greater than a threshold value;
a fault of concentration signal short/open determination occurs when the following conditions are simultaneously satisfied:
the concentration signal short circuit/open circuit instantaneous fault continuously occurs for a period of time; when no instantaneous and definite malfunction occurs, the conversion formula between the concentration value and the concentration duty ratio value is: c ═ U + offset scaling.
The formula is the relation between the output voltage characteristic and the actual physical characteristic of the sensor, the specific scaling and offset parameters are provided by a sensor manufacturer, and the two parameters are different for different types of sensors. Wherein C is concentration in PPM; u is the duty cycle of the concentration signal in%.
The current value is equal to the value of the last cycle concentration when any of the following conditions is met: a density signal short/open transient fault occurs.
When any one of the following conditions is met, the current pressure value is equal to 10000ppm, and a pressure signal short circuit/open circuit instantaneous fault occurs in the first period of software operation; a concentration signal short/open determination fault occurs.
Specifically, a hydrogen concentration value is detected, and according to the hydrogen concentration value, the following steps are executed: when the hydrogen concentration value of 3000ppm < 8000ppm lasts for 5s, the instrument starts to alarm; under the condition that the hydrogen concentration value is more than 8000ppm and less than 10000ppm for 5s continuously, the fuel cell system is shut down, and a cylinder valve is closed and shut down; closing the cylinder valve and stopping the machine under the condition that the hydrogen concentration value is less than 10000ppm and is continuously 5 s; and under the condition of sensor failure, the fuel cell system is shut down, and the cylinder valve is closed in sequence and stopped.
The hydrogen cylinder valve is controlled to be opened and closed according to the current hydrogen concentration, so when the hydrogen concentration sensor fails to work, the hydrogen is not released to work as far as possible, and the given 10000ppm is just the failure value with the highest concentration level, so that the hydrogen cylinder valve can be always closed by the following control strategy. As shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure RE-GDA0002310776130000071
Figure RE-GDA0002310776130000081
And S105, determining whether to close the cylinder valve according to the cylinder valve temperature, the hydrogen cylinder pressure, the current hydrogen concentration and the temperature difference between any two cylinder valves.
When any cylinder valve generates over-temperature alarm and short circuit, the cylinder valve is closed;
when the temperature of the cylinder valve is between 75 ℃ and 85 ℃, starting an instrument to alarm, when the temperature of the cylinder valve is more than 85 ℃, closing the cylinder valve, stopping the machine, and when the temperature of the cylinder valve is less than-40 ℃, closing the cylinder valve; when the cylinder valve sensor is in fault, closing the cylinder valve;
when the temperature difference between any two hydrogen bottles is more than 20 ℃, the instrument is started to alarm.
Illustratively, where two cylinder valves are involved, the corresponding operation and fault code and grade display is performed for the cylinder valve temperature as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure RE-GDA0002310776130000082
And S106, according to the pressure value of the pipeline, executing shutdown of the fuel cell system, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the engine.
Specifically, according to the pressure value of the pipeline, the following judgment process is executed:
the medium pressure is: the fuel cell system is shut down under the conditions that the medium voltage is higher than TBDbarg for 5s or the medium voltage is lower than TBDbarg for 5s or the sensor fails;
the high pressure is: and under the conditions that the high pressure exceeds 720barg, or the high pressure is less than 20barg, or the sensor fails, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the machine. Illustratively, as shown in table 3, corresponding operations are performed according to the difference of the pipe pressure, and corresponding fault codes and fault levels are displayed.
TABLE 3
Figure RE-GDA0002310776130000091
In the embodiment of the invention, the steps S101 to S104 are used for collecting the current working state voltage of the sensor and the value of each sensor, and judging the working state of the pipeline, the working state of the cylinder valve and the working state of the sensor according to the current value of the sensor after the collection so as to improve the safety and the reliability of hydrogen storage control.
In an optional implementation, the method further includes: the code grade and fault classification are performed based on the CAN communication fault as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure RE-GDA0002310776130000092
Figure RE-GDA0002310776130000101
The VCU of the vehicle control unit sends a mode request signal to the HMS and receives a working mode selection, wherein the working mode is divided into an automatic mode, a manual mode and a maintenance mode;
in the automatic mode, the vehicle control unit VCU sends a starting instruction to the hydrogen system management unit HMS, after the hydrogen system management unit HMS receives the starting instruction and meets a starting condition, the cylinder valves are sequentially opened, the opening time interval is 200ms, the working mode is fed back to the vehicle control unit VCU, and the shape of the cylinder valves is fed back;
in a manual mode, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) directly controls the opening of a cylinder valve, the VCU sends a hydrogen cylinder valve request instruction to a hydrogen system management unit (HMS), and the HMS opens the cylinder valve and feeds back a working mode to the VCU of the vehicle control unit and the state of the cylinder valve when the opening condition is met after receiving the valve opening instruction;
in the maintenance mode, the vehicle control unit VCU directly controls the opening of the cylinder valve, the vehicle control unit VCU sends a hydrogen cylinder valve request instruction to the hydrogen system management unit HMS, and the hydrogen system management unit HMS directly opens the cylinder valve after receiving the valve opening instruction, feeds back a working mode to the vehicle control unit VCU and feeds back the state of the cylinder valve.
Embodiments of the invention also include control of a hydrogenation process, comprising: when the HMS receives an external hydrogenation signal, the HMS is activated, the HMS detects whether the hydrogen concentration, the hydrogen bottle temperature and the hydrogen bottle pressure meet the requirements, and the HMS transmits a hard wire enabling signal to the infrared communication module to activate the infrared module after the conditions are met.
The HMS and the infrared communication module perform handshake, and the HMS sends the protocol Type Proto _ Type, the vehicle infrared module system version Ver _ IRM, the hydrogen bottle capacity Tank _ VolH and the vehicle filling Type Receptacle _ Type to the infrared communication module. At the moment, the infrared module returns the protocol type Proto _ TypeFB, returns the vehicle infrared module system version Ver _ IRMFB and returns the infrared module system program version Ver _ IRSFBH; and after the handshake is successful, when the infrared communication module has no fault information feedback, the HMS sequentially opens the cylinder valves.
The HMS sends a 'filling' command to the infrared communication module through a hydrogenation command fusing _ CMD, simultaneously sends filling pressure P _ TankH and hydrogen bottle temperature H to the infrared communication module in real time, and the hydrogenation machine executes a hydrogenation action after receiving the command and simultaneously feeds back 'hydrogenation in' through a hydrogenation state fusing _ state; after hydrogenation is finished, the HMS sends a stop command to the infrared communication module through a hydrogenation command Fuelling _ CMD, simultaneously closes the cylinder valve, and simultaneously feeds back stop of hydrogenation through a hydrogenation state Fuelling _ state; when the hydrogenation gun is pulled out, the power latch delay power-off mode is entered, the infrared communication module enabling signal is disconnected at the moment, and the dormancy mode is entered after the filling times and the fault information are recorded.
In an optional implementation, the method further includes the step of initiating the instruction: the CAN input processing module converts a bus value of the starting instruction into an actual physical value; when instantaneous fault exists, the starting instruction is output as the value of the previous period; when a confirmed fault exists in CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller, a starting instruction outputs a preset fault code;
the processing of the hydrogen cylinder valve request includes: the CAN input processing module converts a bus value requested by the hydrogen cylinder valve into an actual physical value; when instantaneous fault exists, the hydrogen cylinder valve requests to output a value of a previous period; when a CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller has a confirmed fault, the hydrogen cylinder valve requests to output a preset fault code;
the processing of the hydrogen system management unit HMS mode request includes: the CAN input processing module converts the bus value of the HMS mode request into an actual physical value; when instantaneous faults exist, the HMS mode request is output as a value of a previous period; when a confirmed fault exists in CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller, the HMS mode requests to output a fault code;
the processing procedure of the working state of the fuel cell comprises the following steps: the CAN input processing module converts the bus value of the working state of the fuel cell into an actual physical value; when there is instantaneous fault, the working state output of the fuel cell is the value of the previous period; and when the CAN message transmission of the VCU of the vehicle controller has a confirmed fault, the working state request of the fuel cell is output as a preset fault code.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A hydrogen storage management method for a fuel cell commercial vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring power supply voltage of a sensor, wherein the sensor comprises a cylinder valve temperature sensor, a pipeline pressure sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor;
judging whether the sensor has a fault according to the acquired power supply voltage of the sensor, and if so, determining the current fault level and code;
collecting a cylinder valve pressure value and a pipeline pressure value, judging whether the pressure is normal or not according to the collected pressure value, and if so, determining a fault grade and a code according to the current pressure value;
detecting the temperature of the cylinder valve, judging whether the pipeline has a fault according to the collected cylinder valve temperature value, and if so, determining the fault grade and the code according to the current cylinder valve temperature value;
detecting a hydrogen concentration value, judging whether a pipeline fails according to the collected hydrogen concentration value of the bottle, and if so, determining a failure action according to the current hydrogen concentration value;
determining whether to close the cylinder valve according to the temperature of the cylinder valve, the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder, the current hydrogen concentration and the temperature difference between any two cylinder valves;
and (4) according to the pressure value of the pipeline, executing shutdown of the fuel cell system, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the engine.
2. The method for managing hydrogen storage of a fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the steps of shutting down the fuel cell system, closing the cylinder valve in sequence, and stopping the vehicle are executed according to the magnitude of the pressure value of the pipeline, and comprise:
according to the pipeline pressure value, executing:
the medium pressure is: medium pressure above TBDbarg for continuous
Figure FDA0002152371640000011
Or at a medium pressure below TBDbarg for a period of time
Figure FDA0002152371640000012
Or in the case of a sensor failure, performing a fuel cell system shutdown;
the high pressure is: and under the conditions that the high pressure exceeds 720barg, or the high pressure is less than 20barg, or the sensor fails, closing the cylinder valves in sequence, and stopping the machine.
3. The method for managing hydrogen storage of a fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the step of detecting a hydrogen concentration value, determining whether a pipeline has a fault according to the collected hydrogen concentration value of the bottle, and if so, determining a fault action according to the current hydrogen concentration value comprises:
detecting a hydrogen concentration value, and executing the following steps according to the hydrogen concentration value: continuously at a hydrogen concentration value of 3000ppm < 8000ppmUnder the condition, the instrument starts to alarm; continuously at 8000ppm < hydrogen concentration value < 10000ppmUnder the condition of (1), shutting down the fuel cell system, closing the cylinder valve and stopping the fuel cell system; at 10000ppm < hydrogen concentration value sustained
Figure FDA0002152371640000021
Under the condition of (1), closing the cylinder valve, and stopping the machine; and under the condition of sensor failure, the fuel cell system is shut down, and the cylinder valve is closed in sequence and stopped.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether to close the cylinder valve based on the cylinder valve temperature, the hydrogen cylinder pressure, the current hydrogen concentration, and the temperature difference between any two cylinder valves comprises:
when any cylinder valve generates over-temperature alarm and short circuit, the cylinder valve is closed;
when the temperature of the cylinder valve is in
Figure FDA0002152371640000022
In the meantime, the instrument is started to alarm when
Figure FDA0002152371640000023
Figure FDA0002152371640000024
When the temperature of the cylinder valve is less than-40 ℃, closing the cylinder valve; when the cylinder valve sensor is in fault, closing the cylinder valve;
when the temperature difference between any two hydrogen bottles is more than 20 ℃, the instrument is started to alarm.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
the VCU of the vehicle control unit sends a mode request signal to the HMS and receives a working mode selection, wherein the working mode is divided into an automatic mode, a manual mode and a maintenance mode;
in the automatic mode, the vehicle control unit VCU sends a starting instruction to the hydrogen system management unit HMS, after the hydrogen system management unit HMS receives the starting instruction and meets a starting condition, the cylinder valves are sequentially opened, the opening time interval is 200ms, the working mode is fed back to the vehicle control unit VCU, and the shape of the cylinder valves is fed back;
in a manual mode, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) directly controls the opening of a cylinder valve, the VCU sends a hydrogen cylinder valve request instruction to a hydrogen system management unit (HMS), and the HMS opens the cylinder valve and feeds back a working mode to the VCU of the vehicle control unit and the state of the cylinder valve when the opening condition is met after receiving the valve opening instruction;
in the maintenance mode, the vehicle control unit VCU directly controls the opening of the cylinder valve, the vehicle control unit VCU sends a hydrogen cylinder valve request instruction to the hydrogen system management unit HMS, and the hydrogen system management unit HMS directly opens the cylinder valve after receiving the valve opening instruction, feeds back a working mode to the vehicle control unit VCU and feeds back the state of the cylinder valve.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of processing a startup command to: the CAN input processing module converts a bus value of the starting instruction into an actual physical value; when instantaneous fault exists, the starting instruction is output as the value of the previous period; when a confirmed fault exists in CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller, a starting instruction outputs a preset fault code;
the processing of the hydrogen cylinder valve request includes: the CAN input processing module converts a bus value requested by the hydrogen cylinder valve into an actual physical value; when instantaneous fault exists, the hydrogen cylinder valve requests to output a value of a previous period; when a CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller has a confirmed fault, the hydrogen cylinder valve requests to output a preset fault code;
the processing of the hydrogen system management unit HMS mode request includes: the CAN input processing module converts the bus value of the HMS mode request into an actual physical value; when instantaneous faults exist, the HMS mode request is output as a value of a previous period; when a confirmed fault exists in CAN message transmission of a VCU of the vehicle controller, the HMS mode requests to output a fault code;
the processing procedure of the working state of the fuel cell comprises the following steps: the CAN input processing module converts the bus value of the working state of the fuel cell into an actual physical value; when there is instantaneous fault, the working state output of the fuel cell is the value of the previous period; and when the CAN message transmission of the VCU of the vehicle controller has a confirmed fault, the working state request of the fuel cell is output as a preset fault code.
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CN112793474A (en) * 2020-04-30 2021-05-14 长城汽车股份有限公司 Hydrogenation control method and system for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and vehicle
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CN114256490A (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-03-29 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Hydrogen storage system, method for detecting clamping stagnation of hydrogen storage valve of hydrogen storage system and fuel cell vehicle
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