CN110700889B - Tunnel early warning equipment that collapses for underground works - Google Patents
Tunnel early warning equipment that collapses for underground works Download PDFInfo
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- CN110700889B CN110700889B CN201911135600.8A CN201911135600A CN110700889B CN 110700889 B CN110700889 B CN 110700889B CN 201911135600 A CN201911135600 A CN 201911135600A CN 110700889 B CN110700889 B CN 110700889B
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- early warning
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010040007 Sense of oppression Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
- E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses tunnel collapse early warning equipment for underground engineering, which comprises a plurality of hanging rods symmetrically fixed on the inner top wall of a tunnel, wherein the lower ends of the hanging rods are jointly provided with a mounting plate, the lower end of the mounting plate is fixedly provided with a detector, two light path pipes are symmetrically inserted into the detector, one end of each light path pipe, which is far away from the detector, is provided with a corrugated pipe, and the inner wall of one end, which is close to the corrugated pipe, of each light path pipe is provided with a collimating lens. The light source tube and the rock stratum displacement monitoring device are simple in structure, the light emitter and the light sensor are arranged in the device, so that light beams are not interfered by the environment, the accuracy of the device is improved, the influence of rock stratum displacement on the light path tube is reduced through the corrugated tube, the light sensor cannot sense the light beams due to the fact that the light beam offset angle is too large is avoided through the collimating lens, the light beam offset distance is accurately calculated through the plurality of light sensing elements, the displacement conditions of the light source tube and the rock stratum are obtained, and the monitoring accuracy of the device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground engineering, in particular to tunnel collapse early warning equipment for underground engineering.
Background
With the continuous development of engineering construction technology and mining technology, various mountain tunnels, submarine tunnels, river bottom tunnels, coal mine tunnels and the like appear, the tunneling of the tunnels has certain dangerousness, and collapse accidents easily occur in places where faults easily occur and support is insufficient, so that personnel damage is caused, and early warning needs to be carried out on tunnel collapse.
The existing tunnel collapse early warning equipment basically adopts a laser instrument to fix the side wall of a tunnel, a reflector on the other side wall is reflected by the laser instrument to obtain an initial reflection point, the displacement condition of the inner wall of the tunnel is known by measuring the position change of the reflection point, the scheme can detect the rock stratum displacement at the inner wall of the tunnel, but because the optical instrument is placed outside and is easily interfered by the environment, and more interference exists between the optical instrument and the reflector, such as construction dust in the tunnel, the measurement error can be caused, the measurement result is influenced, and the equipment can not give an early warning in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the measurement is inaccurate due to the fact that the device is easily interfered by a severe environment in a tunnel, and provides tunnel collapse early warning equipment for underground engineering.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tunnel collapse early warning device for underground engineering comprises a plurality of hanging rods symmetrically fixed on the inner top wall of a tunnel, wherein a mounting plate is installed at the lower ends of the hanging rods together, a detector is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mounting plate, an external power supply line is embedded into the mounting plate and extends into the detector, two light path pipes are symmetrically inserted into the detector, a corrugated pipe is installed at one end, away from the detector, of each light path pipe, a collimating lens is installed on the inner wall of one end, close to the corrugated pipe, of each light path pipe, a light source pipe is installed at one end, away from the light path pipes, of each corrugated pipe, a plurality of mounting frames are installed in each light source pipe, and a light transmitter is fixed at the centers of the mounting frames together;
the detector is internally provided with a control cavity, a control circuit board is installed on the inner top wall of the control cavity, two optical sensors are symmetrically installed on the side wall of the control cavity, a control chip and two wiring ends are welded on the control circuit board respectively, and the two wiring ends are electrically connected with the two optical sensors respectively.
Preferably, the two optical sensors are respectively covered at one end of the two optical path pipes inserted on the detection machine;
the light sensor detects the light beam transmitted through the light path tube in the detector, the deviation distance of the light beam is not detected, and the light emitter is positioned in the light source tube, so that the light beam is always positioned in the light source tube, the corrugated tube and the light path tube, the interference of the external environment is avoided, and the measuring accuracy is improved.
Preferably, a plurality of light sensing elements are attached to one side of the light sensor close to the light path tube, the plurality of light sensing elements are highly integrated on a circuit board, and each light sensing element has unique address information;
under normal conditions, light beams are emitted by the light emitter, then pass through the center of the collimating lens and are transmitted in parallel along the central axis of the optical path tube, the parallel light beams irradiate on one light sensing element in the middle of the optical sensor, the light sensing element detects optical signals and converts the optical signals into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted into the control chip through the wiring terminal for analysis and processing, and the analysis result is not deviated;
when the rock stratum is displaced to cause the deviation between the light source tube and the light path tube, namely after the corrugated tube is bent, the light beam emitted by the light emitter deviates from the central axis of the light path tube and is emitted on the collimating lens, the collimating lens enables the light beam with the deviation angle to be emitted out in parallel after being subjected to calibration refraction, namely the light beam is parallel to the central axis of the light path tube but not superposed, the light beam deviating from the central axis is emitted on a non-central light sensing element of the light sensor, the light sensing element converts an optical signal into an electric signal and inputs the electric signal to the control chip, the electric signal comprises address information of the light sensing element, the control chip calculates the deviation distance of the light beam through the address information, calculates the deviation angle and the distance of the light source tube through the deviation distance of the light beam, and starts alarming.
Preferably, two detection grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner side wall of the tunnel, and the two light source tubes are respectively fixed in the two detection grooves;
the displacement of tunnel lateral wall stratum can make and detect the groove and take place to warp, then detects the groove and warp oppression light source pipe and take place the skew with the light path pipe, then detects out the skew of light source pipe and can know the displacement condition of stratum.
Preferably, a loudspeaker is fixedly installed at the lower end of the detection machine, and a warning lamp is installed at the lower end of the loudspeaker;
under normal conditions, the loudspeaker does not give out alarm sound, the warning light is not bright, and when the rock stratum is displaced and reaches the built-in warning value of the control chip, the control chip controls the loudspeaker to give out an alarm and controls the warning light to flicker so as to remind people to evacuate as soon as possible.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. light emitter and light sensor are located light source pipe and detection built-in respectively, then when the early warning monitoring, and the light beam is located light source pipe, bellows, light path all the time, and external environment can't disturb the light beam, increases the degree of accuracy of equipment monitoring, and increases its interference killing feature.
2. Install the bellows between light source pipe and the light path pipe, the light source pipe is detecting the inslot and is monitoring the rock stratum displacement condition, when taking place the displacement, detects the groove and warp oppression light source pipe, then the skew light path pipe of light source pipe because the existence of bellows for the skew of light source pipe can not influence the position of light path pipe, increases the accuracy of monitoring.
3. Collimating lens sets up the one end that is close to the bellows in the light path pipe, when the light source pipe takes place the skew, then the light emitter in the light source pipe takes place the skew along with the light source pipe simultaneously, then the axis of the light beam skew light path pipe of light emitter transmission jets on collimating lens, collimating lens jets out the axis of the parallel light path pipe behind the incident beam calibration through the refraction for light sensor can effectual received light beam, avoids because the too big light beam that leads to of skew angle can't be shot to on the light sensor.
4. A plurality of light sense elements are attached to the side face, close to the optical path tube, of one end of the optical sensor, the light sense elements are highly integrated and connected to the wiring end, each light sense element can detect light beams independently and convert the light beams into electric signals to be transmitted to the control chip, the positions, located on the optical sensor, of the light beams are judged according to the electric signals transmitted by the different light sense elements, the offset distance of the light beams and the offset angle and distance of the light source tube can be calculated, and the monitoring accuracy of equipment is improved.
5. Equipment passes through the peg to be fixed at the roof in tunnel, and when the tunnel roof takes place to sink, the pressure that detects machine received peg and mounting panel moves down, then detects machine and forces optical path pipe downward sloping and bellows bending, then takes place reverse skew between light source pipe and the optical path pipe, makes the light beam take place the skew and trigger the warning, increases the width of equipment monitoring early warning.
In summary, the light source device is simple in structure, the light emitter and the light sensor are arranged in the device, so that light beams are not interfered by the environment, the accuracy of the device is improved, the influence of rock stratum displacement on the light path tube is reduced through the corrugated tube, the light sensor cannot sense the light beams due to overlarge light beam offset angle is avoided through the collimating lens, the light beam offset distance is accurately calculated through the plurality of light sensing elements, the displacement condition of the light source tube and the rock stratum is obtained, and the accuracy of device monitoring is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel collapse early warning device for underground engineering according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at C;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at D;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of an optical sensor of the tunnel collapse warning device for underground engineering according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 peg, 2 external power supply lines, 3 mounting panels, 4 detection machines, 5 light path pipes, 6 megaphones, 7 warning lights, 8 light emitters, 9 light source pipes, 10 mounting brackets, 11 bellows, 12 collimating lens, 13 wiring ends, 14 control chips, 15 control circuit boards, 16 control chambers, 17 optical sensors, 18 detection grooves, 19 light sense elements.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a tunnel collapse early warning device for underground engineering comprises a plurality of hanging rods 1 symmetrically fixed on the inner top wall of a tunnel, a mounting plate 3 is installed at the lower ends of the hanging rods 1 together, a detector 4 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mounting plate 3, an external power supply line 2 is embedded in the mounting plate 3, the external power supply line 2 extends into the detector 4, two optical path tubes 5 are symmetrically inserted into the detector 4, a corrugated tube 11 is installed at one end, away from the detector 4, of each optical path tube 5, a collimating lens 12 is installed on the inner wall of one end, close to the corrugated tube 11, of each optical path tube 5, a light source tube 9 is installed at one end, away from the optical path tube 5, of each corrugated tube 11, a plurality of mounting frames 10 are installed in each light source tube 9, and a light emitter 8 is fixed at the centers of;
a control cavity 16 is formed in the detection machine 4, a control circuit board 15 is installed on the inner top wall of the control cavity 16, two optical sensors 17 are symmetrically installed on the side wall of the control cavity 16, a control chip 14 and two wiring ends 13 are welded on the control circuit board 15 respectively, and the two wiring ends 13 are electrically connected with the two optical sensors 17 respectively.
The two optical sensors 17 are respectively covered at one end of the two optical path pipes 5 inserted on the detector 4;
the light sensor 17 detects the light beam transmitted through the light path pipe 5 in the detector 4, and the deviation distance of the light beam is not detected, and the light emitter 8 is positioned in the light source pipe 9, so that the light beam is always positioned in the light source pipe 9, the corrugated pipe 11 and the light path pipe 5, the interference of the external environment is avoided, and the measuring accuracy is improved.
A plurality of light sensing elements 19 are attached to one side of the light sensor 17 close to the light path pipe 5, the plurality of light sensing elements 19 are highly integrated on a circuit board, and each light sensing element 19 has unique address information;
under normal conditions, light beams are emitted by the light emitter 8, then pass through the center of the collimating lens 12 and then are transmitted in parallel along the central axis of the light path tube 5, the parallel light beams irradiate on one light sensing element 19 in the middle of the light sensor 17, the light sensing element 19 detects light signals and converts the light signals into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted into the control chip 14 through the terminal 13 for analysis and processing, and the analysis result is not deviated;
when the rock stratum is displaced to cause the deviation between the light source tube 9 and the light path tube 5, that is, the corrugated tube 11 is bent, the light beam emitted by the light emitter 8 deviates from the central axis of the light path tube 5 and is emitted on the collimating lens 12, the collimating lens 12 deflects the light beam with the deviation angle and then deviates from the center of the collimating lens 12 to be emitted in parallel, that is, the light beam is parallel to the central axis of the light path tube 5 but is not superposed, the light beam deviating from the central axis is emitted on a non-central light sensing element 19 of the light sensor 17, the light sensing element 19 converts the light signal into an electrical signal which is input to the control chip 14, the electrical signal comprises address information of the light sensing element 19, the control chip 14 calculates the deviation distance of the light beam according to the address information, calculates the deviation angle and the distance of the light source tube 9 according to the deviation distance of.
Two detection grooves 18 are symmetrically formed in the inner side wall of the tunnel, and the two light source tubes 9 are respectively fixed in the two detection grooves 18;
the displacement of the tunnel side wall rock stratum can deform the detection groove 18, and then the detection groove 18 deforms and presses the light source tube 9 and the light path tube 5 to shift, so that the displacement condition of the rock stratum can be known by detecting the shift of the light source tube 9.
The lower end of the detector 4 is fixedly provided with a loudspeaker 6, and the lower end of the loudspeaker 6 is provided with a warning lamp 7;
under normal conditions, the loudspeaker 6 does not give out alarm sound, the warning lamp 7 is not lighted, and when the rock stratum is displaced and reaches a built-in warning value of the control chip 14, the control chip 14 controls the loudspeaker 6 to give out an alarm and controls the warning lamp 7 to flicker, so that people are reminded to evacuate as soon as possible.
When the invention is used, when the rock stratum is displaced, the detection groove 18 deforms and presses the light source tube 9 in the detection groove 18, the light source tube 9 tilts, one side of the corrugated tube 11 stretches, when the light source tube 9 tilts, the light emitter 8 fixed by the mounting frame 10 tilts synchronously, and the light beam emitted by the light emitter deviates from the central axis of the light path tube 5 and forms a certain angle with the central axis of the light path tube 5, the light beam emitted by the light emitter 8 slantly enters the collimating lens 12, the collimating lens 12 refracts and calibrates the tilted light beam to be parallel and deviate from the central axis of the light path tube 5, a light sensing element 19 deviating from the center on the light sensor 17 detects a light beam signal, the light sensing element 19 converts the address information and the received light beam signal into electric signals which are input into the control chip 14 through the terminal 13, and the control chip 14 calculates the light beam offset distance according to the position information, therefore, the offset distance between the light source tube 9 and the rock stratum is calculated, and when the offset distance reaches a threshold value, the control chip 14 controls the loudspeaker 6 to give an alarm and controls the warning lamp 7 to flicker so as to remind people to evacuate as soon as possible.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A tunnel collapse early warning device for underground engineering comprises a plurality of hanging rods (1) symmetrically fixed on the inner top wall of a tunnel, it is characterized in that the lower ends of a plurality of hanging rods (1) are jointly provided with a mounting plate (3), the lower end of the mounting plate (3) is fixedly provided with a detector (4), the detector (4) is symmetrically inserted with two optical path pipes (5), one end of each optical path pipe (5) far away from the detector (4) is provided with a corrugated pipe (11), one end of each optical path pipe (5) close to the corrugated pipe (11) is provided with a collimating lens (12), one end of each corrugated pipe (11) far away from the optical path pipe (5) is provided with a light source pipe (9), a plurality of mounting frames (10) are arranged in each light source pipe (9), and the centers of the mounting frames (10) are jointly fixed with a light emitter (8);
control chamber (16) have been seted up in detection machine (4), install control circuit board (15) on the interior roof of control chamber (16), two light sensor (17) are installed to the symmetry on the lateral wall of control chamber (16), control circuit board (15) are gone up to weld respectively and have control chip (14) and two wiring end (13), and two light sensor (17) of two electric connection respectively in two wiring end (13).
2. The tunnel collapse early warning device for underground engineering according to claim 1, wherein the two light sensors (17) are respectively covered at one end of the two light path pipes (5) inserted on the detector (4).
3. The tunnel collapse early warning apparatus for underground works according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of light sensing elements (19) are attached to a side of the light sensor (17) near the light path pipe (5).
4. The tunnel collapse early warning device for underground engineering according to claim 1, wherein two detection grooves (18) are symmetrically formed in the inner side wall of the tunnel, and the two light source tubes (9) are respectively fixed in the two detection grooves (18).
5. The tunnel collapse early warning device for the underground engineering according to claim 1, wherein a loudspeaker (6) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the detection machine (4), and a warning lamp (7) is installed at the lower end of the loudspeaker (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911135600.8A CN110700889B (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | Tunnel early warning equipment that collapses for underground works |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911135600.8A CN110700889B (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | Tunnel early warning equipment that collapses for underground works |
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| CN110700889A CN110700889A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
| CN110700889B true CN110700889B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113404541A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-17 | 陕西工业职业技术学院 | Tunnel surrounding rock deformation on-line monitoring and early warning system |
| CN114333188B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-06-23 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程有限公司 | Tunnel collapse early warning device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3111655A (en) * | 1960-09-09 | 1963-11-19 | Joseph F Kotarsky | Mine roof warning device |
| DE10006197C1 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-05-17 | Rag Ag | Anchor monitor at mining works has a fixed register with integrated movement sensors at the anchor head with coupling wires to detect movements through shifts in the rock formation |
| CN2513078Y (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2002-09-25 | 陈伟民 | Amber strain measurer by optic fibre method |
| CN103017673B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2015-08-19 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | Tunnel wall rock deformation real-time continuous alarming method by monitoring |
| CN105023270A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-11-04 | 汤一平 | Proactive 3D stereoscopic panorama visual sensor for monitoring underground infrastructure structure |
| CN107941151A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-20 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional laser scanner fixed mechanism, subway tunnel acquisition system and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20210120 Address after: 17110 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Applicant after: JINAN AIR DEFENCE BUILDING DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 450000 new campus of Zhengzhou University, No.100, science Avenue, high tech Development Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Applicant before: Hou Chen |
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Denomination of invention: A tunnel collapse warning device for underground engineering Granted publication date: 20210209 Pledgee: Ji'nan rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. high tech branch Pledgor: JINAN AIR DEFENCE BUILDING DESIGN INSTITUTE CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2024980000467 |