CN109555171B - System and method for continuously monitoring horizontal displacement of deep foundation pit - Google Patents
System and method for continuously monitoring horizontal displacement of deep foundation pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109555171B CN109555171B CN201811603529.7A CN201811603529A CN109555171B CN 109555171 B CN109555171 B CN 109555171B CN 201811603529 A CN201811603529 A CN 201811603529A CN 109555171 B CN109555171 B CN 109555171B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for continuously monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit, which comprises a support pile, observation piers, a measuring pipe laser range finder, a reflection assembly and an alarm device, wherein two observation piers on the same horizontal monitoring line are respectively provided with one, and the two range finders oppositely emit laser beams; the alarm device comprises a data transmission module, a central processing module and an audible and visual alarm module which are connected with the laser range finder, and when a horizontal deviation value acquired by the laser range finder is larger than a preset threshold value, the audible and visual alarm module gives an alarm. The invention has the advantages that the continuous monitoring of the horizontal displacement deviation of the foundation pit supporting system can be realized, the influence of external climate factors is less, and the reliability of the measuring result is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit displacement detection, in particular to a system and a method for continuously monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit.
Background
The collapse of the foundation pit is the most common safety accident in the construction process of the current engineering construction, and the accident is usually accompanied with major casualties and economic loss, so that adverse social effects are caused. The foundation pit engineering monitoring refers to the detection and monitoring work carried out on a foundation pit supporting system and the surrounding environment in the construction and service life of the foundation pit engineering. The traditional method for preventing foundation pit collapse mainly comprises entrusting a third party to carry out timing detection, and adopting measures such as taking soil back and the like to reinforce when the displacement of a foundation pit supporting system exceeds an alarm value, but entrusting the third party to carry out timing monitoring alone has certain defects, and the first monitoring is not continuous, so that the displacement change of the supporting system cannot be monitored; monitoring by the second and third parties requires making monitoring reports, and the time for the monitoring reports to reach the site of the construction site is delayed, so that the best rescue opportunity is lost.
In order to solve the above problems, the prior art may refer to chinese patent invention with an authority publication number of CN105672375B, which discloses an automatic monitoring system and method for foundation pit displacement, including a foundation pit support pile supported on a foundation pit, a fixing pile supported outside the foundation pit, a connecting rod connected to the foundation pit support pile and the fixing pile, and a monitoring mechanism, where the monitoring mechanism includes a sliding contact, a fixed contact unit, a display unit, and a power supply unit, which are connected in sequence to form a closed loop; when the foundation pit support pile displaces, the sliding contact piece slides relative to the fixed contact unit and is in contact with different positions of the fixed contact unit, the display unit emits light with different colors according to different contact positions of the sliding contact piece and the fixed contact unit, and therefore the displacement of the foundation pit is judged according to the color of the light emitted by the display unit.
However, the invention has the defects that 1, because the connecting rod is connected with the supporting pile and the fixed pile, and the sliding sheet is connected on the connecting rod, when the supporting pile deflects to one side close to the supporting pile, the connecting rod rather plays a role in supporting the supporting pile, and because the offset of the supporting pile is often millimeter-level offset, the inaccuracy of the measuring result is easily caused; 2. because sliding contact connects on the connecting rod and relies on the fender pile to produce the slip to the promotion of connecting rod, owing to millimeter level during the monitoring offset again, consequently to the structural feature requirement of connecting rod higher, in case be under construction in the great area of the difference in temperature, the connecting rod can produce expend with heat and contract with cold phenomenon and lead to sliding contact's sliding distance emergence error, influences measuring result.
The invention can refer to the Chinese patent with application number 201810097583.2, and discloses an automatic monitoring system and a method for foundation pit displacement, which comprises support piles vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the foundation pit and abutted against the side wall of the foundation pit, and a plurality of support piles are arranged around the foundation pit; the fixing piles are supported outside the foundation pit, the number of the fixing piles is the same as that of the supporting piles, and the fixing piles and the supporting piles correspond to each other one by one; the monitoring unit comprises a database and monitoring points with the same number as the supporting piles, and each monitoring point comprises a laser emitting device for emitting laser, a laser receiving device for receiving the laser and a recording device; the laser emitting device is located on the supporting pile and located in a straight line direction with the corresponding fixing pile, the laser receiving device is located on the supporting pile and located in the straight line direction with the corresponding laser emitting device and receives laser emitted by the laser emitting device, through setting a reference point in the laser receiving device, the change of displacement is obtained through calculation of a coordinate calculation mode, and an alarm signal is sent out through comparison according to a preset offset threshold value.
However, this invention has the following drawbacks: because the relative span distance of foundation ditch is great, when using laser rangefinder, receive the influence of external climate factor easily, for example to heavy rain, dense fog, highlight, especially in city construction, the haze produces great influence to laser rangefinder for range sensor's data output is unusual, and measurement accuracy is inaccurate or even can't read data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit, which has the advantages that the continuous monitoring of the horizontal displacement deviation of a foundation pit supporting system can be realized, the influence of external climatic factors is small, and the reliability of a measuring result is high.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a continuous monitoring system for horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit comprises:
the supporting piles are vertically arranged around the side wall of the foundation pit and used for supporting and protecting the side wall of the foundation pit;
two observation piers are arranged on each horizontal monitoring line and are used as monitoring points, and the two observation piers are respectively arranged on two sides of the foundation pit and are positioned at the safe distance of the two sides of the foundation pit;
the measuring pipe is horizontally erected on the foundation pit, and two ends of the measuring pipe are respectively connected to the observation piers;
the laser range finders are respectively arranged on two observation piers on the same horizontal monitoring line, and the two range finders oppositely emit laser beams;
the reflection assembly comprises a reflection block which can freely slide in the measuring pipe and reflection paper which is pasted on the reflection block and used for reflecting laser beams emitted by the laser range finder on the same side, and the reflection block is connected with the top of the support pile through a connecting rod; an avoidance groove is formed in the lower pipe wall of the measuring pipe, the connecting rod penetrates through the avoidance groove, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the reflecting block, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the top of the support pile;
the alarm device comprises a data transmission module, a central processing module and an acousto-optic alarm module, wherein the data transmission module, the central processing module and the acousto-optic alarm module are connected with the laser range finder, and when a horizontal deviation value acquired by the laser range finder is larger than a preset threshold value, the acousto-optic alarm module gives an alarm.
The invention is further configured to: an avoiding groove is formed in the lower pipe wall of the measuring pipe, the connecting rod penetrates through the avoiding groove, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the reflecting block, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the top of the support pile.
The invention is further configured to: the laser range finder is connected with the pipe orifice of the measuring pipe in a sealing way.
The invention is further configured to: the measuring tube is a PVC tube with the diameter of 100 mm.
The invention is further configured to: the measuring pipe is provided with two air blowers which are respectively and correspondingly arranged between an observation pier and a support pile at the same side, and the middle part of the measuring pipe is provided with an airflow outlet.
The invention is further configured to: the top of the support pile is 30cm higher than the ground, and the observation pier is 20cm higher than the support pile.
The invention is further configured to: the central processing module comprises a first threshold comparison unit and a second threshold comparison unit, and is used for comparing the offset distance acquired in real time; and the abnormity processing unit is used for receiving the deviation overrun signals sent by the first threshold value comparison unit and the second threshold value comparison unit and sending alarm control signals to the audible and visual alarm after processing.
The invention is further configured to: the sound-light alarm module is a sound-light alarm.
The invention also aims to provide a method for continuously monitoring the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit, which has the advantages that the method can continuously monitor the horizontal displacement deviation of a foundation pit supporting system and timely remind monitoring personnel and constructors to take measures.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for continuously monitoring the horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit utilizes the system for continuously monitoring the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit to monitor, and comprises the following steps:
when the support piles are displaced in the horizontal direction, the reflection blocks are driven by the connecting rods to move horizontally in the measuring tubes, the laser range finders emit laser beams and detect the distances between the laser range finders and the reflection paper in real time, the distances measured by the laser range finders each time are a1, a2 and a3 … an, and the offset distances are recorded as a2-a1, a3-a2 and a4-a3 … an-an-1;
when the deviation (a 2-a 1) + (a 3-a 2) + … + (an-an-1) is detected to be larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, a first threshold value comparison unit sends a deviation overrun signal to an exception handling unit, and the exception handling unit receives and processes the deviation overrun signal and sends a control signal to an audible and visual alarm to give an alarm;
when the deflection (a 2-a 1) + (a 3-a 2) + … + (an-an-1) of the support piles is continuously detected to be larger than or equal to a second preset threshold value within the preset time, the second threshold value comparison unit sends a deflection overrun signal to the abnormality processing unit, and the abnormality processing unit sends a control signal to the audible and visual alarm to give an alarm.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the measuring pipe erected above the foundation pit can greatly reduce the influence of external environmental factors on laser measurement, realize the on-line continuous monitoring of the horizontal displacement offset of the foundation pit, and practice proves that the measuring pipe has a good effect;
2. simultaneously monitoring two opposite sides of the foundation pit at two sides through the measuring pipes;
3. through setting up alarm system, can in time report to the police when the skew that exceeds preset threshold value takes place for the fender pile, remind constructor to salvage or withdraw.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a deep foundation pit horizontal displacement continuous monitoring system according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of monitoring points according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a central control module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a foundation pit; 2. supporting piles; 3. observing the pier; 4. a measurement tube; 5. a laser range finder; 6. a reflective component; 61. a reflection block; 62. a reflective paper; 63. a connecting rod; 631. a first link; 632. a second link; 7. an airflow outlet; 8. a blower; 9. a data acquisition module; 10. a data transmission module; 11. a central processing module; 111. a first threshold comparison unit; 112. a second threshold comparison unit; 113. an exception handling unit; 12. a sound and light alarm module; 13. an audible and visual alarm.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the continuous monitoring system for horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit of the invention comprises a foundation pit 1, wherein support piles 2 are vertically arranged on the inner sides of the periphery of the foundation pit 1 for supporting and protecting the inner wall of the foundation pit 1, a plurality of monitoring points are set on the two sides of the foundation pit 1 along the length direction of the foundation pit 1, the monitoring points on the two sides are in one-to-one correspondence, namely the monitoring points on the two sides are on the same straight line.
Setting a safe distance backwards along the straight line of the two opposite monitoring points, arranging an observation pier 3 outside the safe distance, wherein the safe distance is generally the distance of backward 10-20m from the edge of the foundation pit 1, and the length of the specific safe distance is determined according to the excavation depth of the foundation pit 1. Two observation piers 3 are higher than the upper end of the support pile 2 and are 2200mm higher than the support pile, and the support pile 2 is 300mm higher than the ground.
All install laser range finder 5 on two observation mounds 3, the front end of this laser range finder 5 and the mouth of pipe sealing connection who surveys buret 4 to make laser range finder 5 be in the darkroom, avoid external highlight, dense fog, heavy rain etc. to produce great influence to laser signal.
Each laser range finder 5 is oppositely provided with a reflection assembly 6 which comprises a reflection block 61, a reflection paper 62 and a connecting rod 63. The reflection block 61 is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the reflection block is almost the same as the inner diameter of the measurement pipe 4, so that the reflection block 61 can freely slide in the measurement pipe 4, and the surface of the reflection block 61 is polished; a reflecting paper 62 for reflecting the laser beam is adhered to one end surface of the reflecting block 61 facing the laser range finder 5 on the same side; the link 63 includes a first link 631 and a second link 632, the first link 631 is hinged to the center of one end surface of the reflection block 61 facing away from the same side laser range finder 5, the first link 631 is hinged to the second link 632 through a horizontal rotation shaft, and the second link 632 passes through the measurement pipe 4 and is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end surface of one of the support piles 2 as a monitoring point. In order to enable the second connecting rod 632 to penetrate through the measuring pipe 4, the lower wall surface of the measuring pipe 4 and the lower wall surface of the supporting pile 2 are provided with avoidance grooves in the length direction, the avoidance grooves can be waist-shaped, and the avoidance grooves are respectively 50mm in length towards two sides along the length direction of the measuring pipe 4.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, the monitoring system mainly includes a data acquisition module 9, a data transmission module 10, a central processing module 11 and an audible and visual alarm module 12, the data acquisition module 9 is a laser range finder 5, similarly, the data transmission module 10 is integrated in the laser range finder 5, the central processing module 11 includes a first threshold comparison unit 111, a second threshold comparison unit 112 and an exception handling unit 113, the laser range finder 5 collects offset data in real time, and compares the offset data with a preset threshold through the first threshold comparison unit 111 or the second threshold comparison unit 112, when the offset data exceeds the preset threshold, the threshold comparison unit sends a signal to the exception handling unit 113, the exception handling unit 113 receives the signal to process and sends an exception alarm signal to the audible and visual alarm module 12, the exception handling module may employ an audible and visual alarm 13, and the audible and visual alarms 13 are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two monitoring points 4 on the same measurement pipe Above (b).
When monitoring personnel and constructors see the audible and visual alarm 13 to give an alarm, remedial or evacuation decisions are quickly made.
In order to dehumidify and discharge the fog in the measuring pipe 4, the blower 8 is installed above the measuring pipe 4 at each monitoring point, preferably, the blower 8 is arranged between the observation pier 3 and the support pile 2, the middle part of the measuring pipe 4 is upwards provided with an airflow outlet 7, a monitoring person can open the blower 8 in a large fog day or at regular intervals, the moisture and the dense fog in the measuring pipe 4 are removed, the effective work of the laser range finder 5 is guaranteed, and the reliability of the monitoring result is guaranteed.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a continuous monitoring method for horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit, which comprises the following steps:
when the support pile 2 is displaced horizontally, the reflection block 61 is driven by the connecting rod 63 to move horizontally in the measuring pipe 4, the laser range finder 5 emits laser beams and detects the distance between the laser range finder 5 and the reflection paper 62 in real time, the distance measured by the laser range finder 5 each time is a1, a2 and a3 … an, and the offset distance is recorded as a2-a1, a3-a2 and a4-a3 … an-an-1;
when the offset distance (a 2-a 1) + (a 3-a 2) + … + (an-an-1) is detected to be larger than or equal to a first preset distance, the first threshold comparison unit 111 sends an offset overrun signal to the abnormality processing unit 113, and the abnormality processing unit 113 sends a control signal to the audible and visual alarm 13 to perform audible and visual alarm;
when the offset distance (a 2-a 1) + (a 3-a 2) + … + (an-an-1) of the support pile 2 is continuously detected to be larger than or equal to a second preset threshold value within the preset time, the second threshold value comparison unit 112 sends an offset overrun signal to the abnormality processing unit 113, and the abnormality processing unit sends a control signal to the audible and visual alarm 13 to perform audible and visual alarm.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A continuous monitoring system for horizontal displacement of deep foundation pit is characterized by comprising
The supporting piles (2) are vertically arranged around the side wall of the foundation pit (1) and are used for supporting and protecting the side wall of the foundation pit (1);
the observation pillars (3) are arranged on each horizontal monitoring line and are used as monitoring points, and the two observation pillars (3) are respectively arranged on two sides of the foundation pit (1) and are positioned at the safe distance positions on two sides of the foundation pit (1);
the measuring pipe (4) is horizontally erected on the foundation pit (1), and two ends of the measuring pipe are respectively connected to the observation pier (3);
the laser range finders (5) are respectively arranged on the two observation piers (3) on the same horizontal monitoring line, and the two range finders oppositely emit laser beams;
the reflection assembly (6) comprises a reflection block (61) and reflection paper (62) which is pasted on the reflection block (61) and used for reflecting laser beams emitted by the laser range finder (5) on the same side, and the reflection block (61) is connected with the top of the support pile (2) through a connecting rod (63); an avoiding groove is formed in the lower pipe wall of the measuring pipe (4), the connecting rod (63) penetrates through the avoiding groove, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the reflecting block (61), and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the top of the supporting pile (2).
The alarm device comprises a data transmission module (10) connected with the laser range finder (5), a central processing module (11) and an acousto-optic alarm module, wherein when a horizontal deviation value acquired by the laser range finder (5) is larger than a preset threshold value, the acousto-optic alarm module gives an alarm.
2. The continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein: the laser range finder (5) is connected with the pipe orifice of the measuring pipe (4) in a sealing manner.
3. The continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring tube (4) is a PVC tube with the diameter of 100 mm.
4. The continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein: survey and be provided with two air-blowers (8) on buret (4), two air-blowers (8) set up respectively correspondingly between an observation mound (3) and a fender pile (2) of homonymy, airflow outlet (7) have been seted up at the middle part of surveying buret (4).
5. The continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the support pile (2) is 30cm higher than the ground, and the observation pier (3) is 20cm higher than the support pile (2).
6. The continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein:
the central processing module (11) comprises a first threshold comparison unit (111) and a second threshold comparison unit (112) which are used for comparing with the offset distance acquired in real time; and the abnormity processing unit (113) is used for receiving the overrun sent by the first threshold value comparison unit (111) and the second threshold value comparison unit (112) and sending an alarm control signal to the sound-light alarm module after processing.
7. The continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein: the sound and light alarm module is a sound and light alarm (13).
8. A method for continuously monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep foundation pit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the continuous monitoring system for the horizontal displacement of the deep foundation pit is used for monitoring, and comprises the following steps:
when the support pile (2) is displaced in the horizontal direction, the reflection block (61) is driven by the connecting rod (63) to move horizontally in the measurement pipe (4), laser beams emitted by the laser range finder (5) detect the distance from the laser range finder (5) to the reflection paper (62) in real time, the distance measured by the laser range finder (5) every time is a1, a2 and a3 … an, and the offset distance is recorded as a2-a1, a3-a2 and a4-a3 … an-an-1;
when the deviation (a 2-a 1) + (a 3-a 2) + … + (an-an-1) is detected to be larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, a first threshold value comparison unit (111) sends a deviation overrun signal to an exception processing unit (113), and the exception processing unit (113) receives the overrun signal, processes the overrun signal and sends a control signal to an audible and visual alarm (13) to give an alarm;
when the deflection (a 2-a 1) + (a 3-a 2) + … + (an-an-1) of the support pile (2) is continuously detected to be larger than or equal to a second preset threshold value within preset time, a second threshold value comparison unit (112) sends a deflection overrun signal to an abnormality processing unit (113), and the abnormality processing unit (113) sends a control signal to an audible and visual alarm (13) to give an alarm.
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| CN112343099B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-02-15 | 福建省泰宏建设工程有限公司 | Foundation pit support monitoring system and method |
| CN114016555B (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2023-01-03 | 广东益鑫源工程建设管理咨询有限公司 | System and method for continuously monitoring horizontal displacement of deep foundation pit |
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| JPH10298993A (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1998-11-10 | Kajima Corp | Execution support system for member |
| CN104330357A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-02-04 | 北京雪迪龙科技股份有限公司 | NH3 escape monitoring system and laser analyzer thereof |
| CN204301728U (en) * | 2015-01-02 | 2015-04-29 | 张澎 | A kind of monitoring device of subgrade settlement |
| CN107121364B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2023-06-23 | 兰州大学 | Multifunctional measuring device for influence of particle system on laser signal |
| CN207794154U (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-08-31 | 中国航天建设集团有限公司 | A kind of device of real-time monitoring deep foundation pit slope relative displacement variation |
| CN108413880A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-17 | 乐清市建设监理有限公司 | A kind of foundation pit displacement automatic monitoring system and its method |
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