CN110700883B - Gob-side entry driving prevention and control method for large-dip-angle coal seam composite disaster small coal pillar - Google Patents
Gob-side entry driving prevention and control method for large-dip-angle coal seam composite disaster small coal pillar Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
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- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/08—Rock dusting of mines; Depositing other protective substances
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a large dip angle coal bed composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method, which relates to the technical field of coal mining, and the technical scheme comprises the following construction steps: s1: determining the position of a tunneling roadway; s2: forming a roadway arrangement form of upper part, lower part and top part; s3: the method comprises the steps of (1) preventing and controlling rock burst, independently calculating a stress distribution curve from factors such as a coal rock structure and a geological structure of a working face, superposing the stress under each influence factor, and finally dividing a track gate into strong-impact dangerous areas according to the multi-factor coupling evaluation danger degree of the rock burst danger; s4: reinforcing the technical management of prevention and defense; s5: and (4) preventing and controlling water damage. The method is used for solving the problem of safe and efficient tunneling of the large-dip-angle small coal pillar along the gob-side entry in the prior art, and meanwhile, the cooperative prevention, control and treatment of rock burst, fire, gas, water and other coexisting disasters in the large-dip-angle small coal pillar gob-side entry tunneling are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a gob-side entry driving prevention and control method for a small coal pillar with a large dip angle coal seam combined disaster.
Background
At present, along with the continuous change of coal mining process and the continuous expansion of mining scale, the brought natural disasters are more and more, one of the disasters such as rock burst, fire, gas or water exists in a small coal pillar gob-side entry driving of part of coal mines, corresponding prevention and control technical measures are made according to the existing disasters, and the measures are implemented on site. However, effective composite disaster prevention and control technical research is not carried out on gob-side entry driving of the small coal pillar of the large-dip-angle coal seam with coexisting disasters such as rock burst, fire, gas and water, great disaster prevention and control difficulties and potential safety hazards are brought in the process of driving and extracting, safety production of coal mines is severely restricted, great potential safety hazards are brought to gob-side entry driving construction of the small coal pillar, and meanwhile, the efficiency of gob-side entry driving construction is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a large inclination angle coal bed composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method, which aims to solve the problem of safe and efficient entry driving of a large inclination angle small coal pillar along a gob-side entry in the prior art and simultaneously realize cooperative prevention, control and treatment of rock burst, fire, gas, water and other concurrent disasters in the large inclination angle small coal pillar gob-side entry driving.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling the composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving of a large dip angle coal bed, which has the technical scheme key points that the method comprises the following construction steps:
s1: determining the position of a tunneling roadway;
s2: forming a roadway arrangement form of 'top up and bottom down';
s3: the method comprises the steps of performing rock burst prevention and control, independently calculating a stress distribution curve from factors such as a coal rock structure and a geological structure of a working face according to multi-factor coupling evaluation of the rock burst danger of the working face, superposing the stress under each influence factor, and finally dividing a track gate into strong-impact dangerous areas according to the multi-factor coupling evaluation danger degree of the rock burst danger;
s4: the ventilation and prevention technical management is enhanced, because the coal seam is an inclined coal seam, after the mining of the working face is finished, the load of the overlying roof is transferred to the deep part, the coal bodies close to the goaf are in a plastic deformation area, the coal bodies are all loose, the cracks of the coal bodies are large, and further a gas permeation channel and an air leakage channel are formed;
s5: and (4) preventing and controlling water damage.
Further, the S1 includes the following steps:
a1: carrying out on-site actual measurement to research the movement condition of the overlying rock stratum of the goaf;
a2: calculating lateral supporting pressure of a goaf, establishing a lateral supporting pressure distribution curve of a coal body of the goaf, determining a strong impact danger judgment line according to the fact that vertical stress in the coal body is 2.0 times greater than uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body, further determining the range of the strong impact danger area of the goaf, and obtaining a reasonable gob-side roadway position according to a theoretical calculation result, wherein mining engineering cannot be arranged in the goaf lateral low-stress area.
Further, the S2 includes the following steps:
b1: under the condition that the plane arrangement position of a stoping roadway is determined, fully combining a crossheading construction position with disaster prevention and control, a stoping process, a coal seam inclination angle and the like, arranging a belt crossheading of an adjacent previous stoping face on a coal seam roof, and tunneling in a mode that a lower slope leaves a top coal along the coal seam roof and an upper slope;
b2: and arranging the adjacent tracks of the lower-stage stope face in the coal seam floor along the groove, and breaking the bottom of the upper wall and tunneling the lower wall along the coal seam floor.
Further, the S3 includes the following steps:
c1: strong pressure relief is carried out, after small coal pillars are reserved, the roadway is arranged in a region with lower stress, and meanwhile, the bottom plate is arranged in a rock stratum;
c2: the method comprises the following steps of performing strong monitoring, namely monitoring the dangerous degree of rock burst of a working face in real time by using a coal mine rock burst wireless monitoring system while ensuring the pressure relief quality and strength of the tunneling working face, comprehensively utilizing ground sound monitoring, anchor rod cable load monitoring and surrounding rock stress change condition monitoring, performing early warning by coupling of various parameters, comprehensively judging the dangerous degree of the rock burst, immediately stopping tunneling to relieve the pressure of the working face when the early warning of the rock burst of the working face occurs, judging whether the danger of the rock burst is relieved or not by combining with a detection result of a drilling cutting method, and judging whether tunneling or continuing to relieve the pressure according to the detection and monitoring results;
c3: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of strong supporting, anchor rod supporting is adopted, an anchor rod has higher anchoring force, small coal pillars after anchoring have certain bearing capacity and bear load together with solid coal walls, small coal pillars are beneficial to self stabilization, according to different lithological properties of top plates and bottom plates of coal beds, high-power tunneling machinery is used, an advanced airborne temporary supporting device is selected, a metal base plate is additionally arranged under an anchor rod nut, an antifriction gasket, a spherical gasket and a tray, a top plate and two side shoulder supporting are strengthened in a key mode, and areas such as local top plates, sinking sections and geological structures are supported by means of composite supporting of encrypted anchor cables, a shed and the like.
Further, the C1 comprises the following construction steps:
c1-1: under the condition of arranging the top and bottom roadways, only local pressure relief is needed to be carried out along the head-on and extraction sides of the empty roadway, pressure relief drilling is carried out on the head-on construction of the working face, and when the power phenomenon is obvious during the drilling construction period, construction is continued until the power phenomenon is eliminated.
Further, the drilling length is 22 m-27 m, and is not less than 2 groups.
And further, a large-aperture pressure relief drill hole is supplemented below the roadway facing the front and the rear within the range of 50 m.
Further, the S4 includes the following steps:
d1: during the tunneling, a local ventilator 'double-fan double-power supply' and 'three-special double-locking' are installed and used to realize long-distance stable ventilation and pressurization of a prepared working face along a single head of an empty lane, meanwhile, pipelines are reserved outside two gate seals of a working face goaf and are led to a main mine return airway to form negative pressure, pressure equalization of the working face goaf is realized by matching with ventilation facilities and management technical means such as air doors and air adjusting windows, the gas is relatively light, the gas in an old goaf can drift to the upper part, and after the cut holes are communicated, the working face is timely adjusted to adopt downlink ventilation;
d2: preventing and controlling natural fire, connecting and laying fire-fighting grouting and nitrogen injection pipelines in time along with the tunneling of a working face to form a fire-fighting system, and using the fire-fighting grouting device to inject fire-fighting materials to hidden danger points in advance, if the potential safety hazard of closed negative pressure or natural fire is found, adopting nitrogen injection grouting measures through a closed external reserved measure pipe or drilling holes in time;
d3: the safety monitoring is to monitor the gas, temperature, pressure difference and the like inside and outside the closed area of the working face and master the change conditions at any time, during the tunneling, a methane sensor is arranged on the preparation working face along the empty roadway, the alarm concentration, the power-off concentration and the power-restoration concentration are set, the alarm concentration of a CO sensor is set to be more than or equal to 24ppm, gas check points are arranged at the head and the return air, the gas, CO2, CO, O2, temperature and the like are checked 3 times per shift, and the change conditions of each gas and temperature are mastered in time.
Further, the S5 includes the following steps:
e1: analyzing accumulated water positions, accumulated water amount, comparison relation with gob-side entry driving and other accumulated water parameters by means of theoretical analysis and field observation through elevation comparison of bottom plates of the goaf roadway of the working face, and rock-covering lithology and water content of a top plate;
e2: the water detection method combining the drilling radiation method and the delineation method is used for obtaining the water distribution characteristics of the adjacent goaf area along the gob-side entry driving, detecting and releasing large-area accumulated water in the goaf in advance, selecting reasonable parameters such as drilling construction sites, apertures, intervals and construction amount, and carrying out continuous on-site observation and analysis.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a large dip angle coal bed composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method, which effectively solves the problems of large dip angle small coal pillar gob-side entry driving disaster prevention and control and safe entry driving of coal mines with coexisting disasters such as rock burst, fire, gas, water and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a roadway arrangement form in a composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method for a large dip angle coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a pressure relief borehole in the composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method for a large inclination angle coal seam according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a top plate; 2. a base plate; 3. the belt gate way of the adjacent last stope face; 4. the adjacent tracks of the stope face of the next stage are crosscut; 5. and (5) stoping.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.
A large dip angle coal seam composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises the following construction steps:
s1: determining the position of a tunneling roadway;
s2: forming a roadway arrangement form of 'top up and bottom down';
s3: controlling rock burst;
according to multi-factor coupling evaluation of the danger of rock burst of the working face, independently calculating a stress distribution curve from factors such as a coal rock structure and a geological structure of the working face, superposing the stress under each influence factor, and finally dividing a track gate into a strong impact danger area according to the multi-factor coupling evaluation danger degree of the danger of the rock burst;
s4: reinforcing the technical management of prevention and defense;
the difficulty of gas disaster treatment is relatively high by reserving small coal pillars. Because the coal seam is an inclined coal seam, after the mining of the working face is finished, the load of the overlying roof 1 is transferred to the deep part, the coal bodies close to the goaf are in plastic deformation areas, the coal bodies are all loose, the coal body cracks are large, and further a gas permeation channel and an air leakage channel are formed;
s5: and (4) preventing and controlling water damage.
Wherein, S1 includes the following construction steps:
a1: carrying out on-site actual measurement to research the movement condition of the overlying rock stratum of the goaf;
a2: the method comprises the steps of calculating the lateral supporting pressure of a goaf of an inclined coal seam and establishing a lateral supporting pressure distribution curve of the coal body of the goaf by establishing a theoretical model for calculating the lateral supporting pressure of the goaf of the inclined coal seam, determining a strong impact danger judgment line according to the fact that the vertical stress in the coal body is more than 2.0 times of the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body, further determining the range of the strong impact danger area of the goaf, wherein mining engineering cannot be arranged in the range, and obtaining a reasonable gob-side roadway position according to a theoretical calculation result to be arranged in the lateral low stress area of the goaf.
The stoping roadway is affected by lateral supporting pressure of a goaf close to the working face along the hollow side, and the deformation of surrounding rocks is severe. After the tunneling roadway is formed, secondary disturbance is carried out on an overburden rock near the goaf through tunneling activity, the top plate 1 of the goaf continues to rotate, lateral supporting pressure of the goaf is caused to transfer towards the deep trend direction of the coal seam, the phenomena that the top plate 1 of a stoping preparation roadway near a working face sinks, two sides of the stoping preparation roadway are displaced, the bottom plate 2 swells and the like are obvious in the transfer process, particularly, the thick coal seam inclines, the horizontal coal seam and the like are obvious, and therefore the S2 further comprises the following construction steps:
b1: under the condition that the plane arrangement position of a stoping roadway is determined, fully combining a crossheading construction position with disaster prevention and control, a stoping process, a coal seam inclination angle and the like, arranging a belt crossheading 3 of an adjacent previous stoping face on a coal seam roof 1, and excavating a lower wall along the coal seam roof 1 and an upper wall in a coal-top-remaining mode;
b2: the adjacent track crossheading 4 of the lower-stage stope face is arranged in the coal seam floor 2, and the bottom is broken according to the upper wall, and the lower wall is tunneled along the coal seam floor 2.
S3 comprises the following construction steps:
c1: strong pressure relief is carried out, after small coal pillars are reserved, the roadway is arranged in a region with lower stress, and meanwhile, the bottom plate 2 is arranged in a rock stratum;
therefore, the method plays a positive role in controlling the rock burst disaster, and meanwhile, the bottom plate 2 is arranged in the rock stratum, so that the possibility of impact accidents caused by the stress concentration of the bottom coal is avoided.
C1-1: under the condition of arranging the top and bottom roadways, only local pressure relief is needed to be carried out on the head-on and the recovery side 5 along the empty roadway, pressure relief drill holes are constructed on the head-on of the working face, and the length range of the drill holes is between 22m and 27m and is not less than 2 groups. And when the dynamic phenomenon is obvious during the drilling construction, continuing the construction until the dynamic phenomenon is eliminated.
And each heading 15m is a pressure relief cycle, so that the length of the head-on pressure relief protective belt is not less than 10 m. And the drilling distance of the lower wall part is 3m, the hole depth is 15m, and the construction is performed along the coal seam inclination angle perpendicular to the roadway wall.
In order to fully enhance the pressure relief effect of the working face, a large-aperture pressure relief drill hole is supplemented below the roadway in the range of 50m behind the head of the roadway along with tunneling.
C2: the method comprises the following steps of performing strong monitoring, namely monitoring the dangerous degree of rock burst of a working face in real time by using a coal mine rock burst wireless monitoring system while ensuring the pressure relief quality and strength of the tunneling working face, comprehensively utilizing ground sound monitoring, anchor rod cable load monitoring and surrounding rock stress change condition monitoring, performing early warning by coupling of various parameters, comprehensively judging the dangerous degree of the rock burst, immediately stopping tunneling to relieve the pressure of the working face when the early warning of the rock burst of the working face occurs, judging whether the danger of the rock burst is relieved or not by combining with a detection result of a drilling cutting method, and judging whether tunneling or continuing to relieve the pressure according to the detection and monitoring results;
c3: the supporting is strong, adopt the stock support, and the stock has higher anchor power, makes the little coal pillar after the anchor have certain bearing capacity, bears with entity coal group jointly, is favorable to little coal pillar self stabilization again, and according to 2 lithologies of each coal seam roof bottom plate different, use high-power tunnelling machinery, choose for use advance machine to carry temporary support device for use.
Wherein, the top plate 1 adopts phi 22 multiplied by 2200mm left-handed non-longitudinal bar screw thread steel anchor rods, and the spacing is 800 multiplied by 800 mm; the upper part adopts a full-thread steel anchor rod with the diameter of 22 mm multiplied by 2200mm, and the spacing is 800mm multiplied by 800 mm. 3 rows of anchor cables with the diameter of 22 multiplied by 7300mm are arranged on the top plate 1, the row spacing between the anchor cables is 2100 multiplied by 1600mm, and the row spacing is 800mm by encrypting on the right top. The top plate 1 is made of GD II 280/3W-shaped steel belt, and two sides are made of phi 10mm steel bar welded steel bar ladder to reinforce the support.
Aiming at the expression form of the impact type, an antifriction washer and a spherical washer are arranged below an anchor rod nut, a metal base plate is additionally arranged below a tray, the supporting of the top plate 1 and the shoulders of the two sides is mainly enhanced, and composite supporting such as an encrypted anchor cable and a shed is adopted in areas of local top plate 1 breakage, subsidence sections, geological structures and the like.
Store up a large amount of gas in closing on the old collecting space area of working face, in the preparation working face along the empty lane tunnelling period, if because of the pressure manifestation appear the stock pressure dredge of coal pillar, the crack, the construction around, dredge the drainage drilling hole and meet when the fault changes the circumstances such as, all lead to easily preparing the working face along the empty lane and close on the old collecting space area of working face and form the air leakage passageway, can cause the gas transfinite, probably cause the gas accident, consequently, include following construction steps in S4:
d1: during the tunneling, a local ventilator 'double-fan double-power supply' and 'three-special double-locking' are installed and used to realize long-distance stable ventilation and pressurization of a prepared working face along a single head of an empty lane, meanwhile, pipelines are reserved outside two gate seals of a working face goaf and are led to a main mine return airway to form negative pressure, pressure equalization of the working face goaf is realized by matching with ventilation facilities and management technical means such as air doors and air adjusting windows, the gas is relatively light, the gas in an old goaf can drift to the upper part, and after the cut holes are communicated, the working face is timely adjusted to adopt downlink ventilation;
d2: the coal pillar is used for preventing and controlling natural fire, and the lateral supporting pressure and the tunneling supporting pressure of a mining area are superposed and act on the small coal pillar section, so that the phenomena of deformation, displacement and the like of the small coal pillar in the section are serious. The air leakage channel provides a good oxygen supply environment for the residual coal and the oxidation spontaneous combustion of the coal body of the loose coal pillar in the goaf, the heat dissipation condition is poor, a good heat storage environment is provided for the spontaneous combustion of the coal, and the natural ignition is easy to occur. The roadway arrangement mode of 'top up and bottom down' increases the height difference between the goaf roadway bottom plate 2 and the preparation working surface along the empty roadway, and reduces the loose coal bodies of small coal pillars and oxygen supply conditions from the source. During the tunneling, slurry spraying treatment is carried out on the coal pillars on the side along the air and the tunnel top plate 1 along with the tunneling of the working face within 50m of the tunnel opening, slurry spraying treatment is carried out on the coal pillars in the fracturing, crushing area, fracture area, water seepage area and the range of front and back 10m, and the thickness is not less than 200 mm.
Connecting and laying two paths of fire-fighting grouting and nitrogen-injecting pipelines in time along with the tunneling of a working face to form a fire-fighting system, and using a fire-fighting grouting device to press fire-fighting materials to hidden danger points in advance, if the potential safety hazards of closed negative pressure or natural ignition are found, adopting nitrogen-injecting grouting measures through a closed externally reserved measure pipe or drilling holes in time;
d3: the safety monitoring is to monitor the gas, temperature, pressure difference and the like inside and outside the closed area of the working face and master the change conditions at any time, during the tunneling, a methane sensor is arranged on the preparation working face along the empty roadway, the alarm concentration, the power-off concentration and the power-restoration concentration are set, the alarm concentration of a CO sensor is set to be more than or equal to 24ppm, gas check points are arranged at the head and the return air, the gas, CO2, CO, O2, temperature and the like are checked 3 times per shift, and the change conditions of each gas and temperature are mastered in time.
S5 comprises the following construction steps:
e1: by means of theoretical analysis and field observation, accumulated water parameters such as accumulated water position, accumulated water amount and comparison relation with gob-side entry driving are analyzed through elevation comparison of a bottom plate 2 of a roadway of a goaf on a working face and overlying rock lithology and water content of a top plate 1;
e2: the water detection method combining the drilling radiation method and the delineation method is used for obtaining the water distribution characteristics of the adjacent goaf area along the gob-side entry driving, detecting and releasing large-area accumulated water in the goaf in advance, selecting reasonable parameters such as drilling construction sites, apertures, intervals and construction amount, and carrying out continuous on-site observation and analysis. The small-area accumulated water which does not affect the tunneling safety can be drained behind the gob-side entry, so that the method for preventing and treating water in the adjacent goaf of the gob-side entry is suitable for the high gas with a large inclination angle.
According to the invention, through reasonable optimization and experiments, in gob-side entry driving of the large-dip-angle small coal pillar with coexisting disasters such as rock burst, fire, gas and water, the composite disasters are effectively and synergistically treated, the safe foundation of mine production is laid, safe and efficient entry driving of the gob-side entry driving is realized, the waste of coal resources caused by the retention of the large coal pillar is avoided, the recovery rate of the coal resources is improved, favorable conditions are provided for the mining of the underlying coal bed, and the safety and economic benefits are considerable.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A large dip angle coal seam composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving prevention and control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following construction steps:
s1: determining the position of a tunneling roadway;
s2: forming a roadway arrangement form of 'top up and bottom down';
the S2 comprises the following construction steps:
b1: under the condition that the plane arrangement position of a stoping roadway is determined, fully combining a crossheading construction position with disaster prevention and control, a stoping process and a coal seam inclination angle, arranging a belt crossheading (3) of an adjacent previous stoping face on a coal seam roof (1), and tunneling in a mode that a lower slope leaves a top coal along the coal seam roof (1) and an upper slope;
b2: arranging the adjacent rail crossheading (4) of the lower-stage stope face in the coal seam floor (2), and breaking the bottom and digging the lower wall along the coal seam floor (2) according to the upper wall;
s3: the method comprises the steps of performing rock burst prevention and control, independently calculating a stress distribution curve from coal rock structure and geological structure factors of a working face according to multi-factor coupling evaluation of the rock burst danger of the working face, superposing the stress under each influence factor, and finally dividing a track gate into strong-impact dangerous areas according to the multi-factor coupling evaluation danger degree of the rock burst danger;
s4: the ventilation and prevention technical management is enhanced, because the coal seam is an inclined coal seam, after the mining of the working face is finished, the load of the overlying roof (1) is transferred to the deep part, the coal bodies close to the goaf are in a plastic deformation area, are all loose, and have large coal body cracks, so that a gas permeation channel and an air leakage channel are formed;
s5: preventing and controlling water damage;
the S1 comprises the following construction steps:
a1: carrying out on-site actual measurement to research the movement condition of the overlying rock stratum of the goaf;
a2: calculating lateral supporting pressure of a goaf and establishing a lateral supporting pressure distribution curve of a coal body of the goaf, determining a strong impact danger judgment line according to the fact that vertical stress in the coal body is 2.0 times greater than uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body, further determining the range of the strong impact danger area of the goaf, and obtaining a reasonable position of a gob-side roadway to be arranged in a lateral low-stress area of the goaf according to a theoretical calculation result, wherein excavation engineering cannot be arranged in the range;
the S4 comprises the following construction steps:
d1: during the tunneling, a local ventilator 'double-fan double-power supply' and 'three-special double-locking' are installed and used to realize long-distance stable ventilation and pressurization of a prepared working face along a single head of an empty lane, meanwhile, pipelines are reserved outside two gate seals of a working face goaf and are led to a main mine return airway to form negative pressure, pressure equalization of the working face goaf is realized by matching ventilation facilities of an air door and an air window and management technical means, gas is relatively light, the gas in an old goaf can drift to the upper part, and after the cut holes are communicated, the working face is timely adjusted to adopt downlink ventilation;
d2: preventing and controlling natural fire, connecting and laying fire-fighting grouting and nitrogen injection pipelines in time along with the tunneling of a working face to form a fire-fighting system, and using the fire-fighting grouting device to inject fire-fighting materials to hidden danger points in advance, if the potential safety hazard of closed negative pressure or natural fire is found, adopting nitrogen injection grouting measures through a closed external reserved measure pipe or drilling holes in time;
d3: safety monitoring, namely monitoring gas, temperature and pressure difference inside and outside a closed area of a working face, grasping the change condition of the working face at any time, installing a methane sensor along an empty roadway on the preparation working face during tunneling, setting alarm concentration, outage concentration and power restoration concentration, installing a CO sensor with the alarm concentration being more than or equal to 24ppm, setting gas check points at head-on and return air, checking the gas, CO2, CO, O2 and temperature 3 times per shift, and grasping the change condition of each gas and temperature in time;
the top plate adopts phi 22 multiplied by 2200mm left-handed non-longitudinal rib deformed steel bar anchor rods, and the spacing is 800 multiplied by 800 mm; the upper part adopts phi 22 multiplied by 2200m m full-thread steel anchor rods, the pitch is 800 multiplied by 800mm, 3 rows of phi 22 multiplied by 7300mm anchor cables are arranged on the top plate, the pitch between the anchor cables is 2100 multiplied by 1600mm, the pitch is 800mm by encrypting on the right top, and the top plate adopts GD II 280/3W-shaped steel belt.
2. The method for preventing and controlling the composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving of the large dip angle coal seam according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the S3 comprises the following construction steps:
c1: strong pressure relief is carried out, after small coal pillars are reserved, the roadway is arranged in a region with lower stress, and meanwhile, the bottom plate (2) is arranged in a rock stratum;
c2: the method comprises the following steps of performing strong monitoring, namely monitoring the dangerous degree of rock burst of a working face in real time by using a coal mine rock burst wireless monitoring system while ensuring the pressure relief quality and strength of the tunneling working face, comprehensively utilizing ground sound monitoring, anchor rod cable load monitoring and surrounding rock stress change condition monitoring, performing early warning by coupling of various parameters, comprehensively judging the dangerous degree of the rock burst, immediately stopping tunneling to relieve the pressure of the working face when the early warning of the rock burst of the working face occurs, judging whether the danger of the rock burst is relieved or not by combining with a detection result of a drilling cutting method, and judging whether tunneling or continuing to relieve the pressure according to the detection and monitoring results;
c3: strong support, adopt the stock support, the stock has higher anchoring force, make the little coal pillar after the anchor have certain bearing capacity, bear jointly with the solid coal group, be favorable to little coal pillar self stabilization again, according to each coal seam roof bottom plate lithology difference, use high-power tunnelling machinery, choose for use advance machine to carry temporary support device, to the impact type expression form, set up antifriction packing ring and spherical packing ring and tray under the stock nut and install the metal backing plate additional, it is important to strengthen roof (1), two group shoulder support, local roof (1) is broken, sink the ground section, geological structure region adopts encryption anchor rope, the compound support of frame canopy.
3. The method for preventing and controlling the composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving of the large dip angle coal seam according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the C1 comprises the following construction steps:
c1-1: under the condition of arranging the top and bottom roadways, only local pressure relief is needed to be carried out on the head-on side and the recovery side (5) along the empty roadway, pressure relief drilling is carried out on the head-on side of the working face, and when the power phenomenon is obvious during drilling construction, construction is continued until the power phenomenon is eliminated.
4. The method for preventing and controlling the composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving of the large dip angle coal seam according to the claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the length of the pressure relief drill holes is 22-27 m, and the number of the pressure relief drill holes is not less than 2.
5. The method for preventing and controlling the composite disaster small coal pillar gob-side entry driving of the large dip angle coal seam according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the S5 comprises the following construction steps:
e1: analyzing the accumulated water position and the accumulated water amount of the goaf and the accumulated water parameter in the comparison relation with the gob-side entry driving by means of theoretical analysis and field observation through the elevation comparison of a bottom plate (2) of the goaf roadway of the working face and the overlying rock lithology and water content conditions of a top plate (1);
e2: the water detection method combining the drilling radiation method and the delineation method is used for obtaining the water distribution characteristics of the adjacent goaf area along the gob-side entry driving, detecting and releasing large-area accumulated water in the goaf in advance, selecting reasonable drilling construction sites, apertures, intervals and construction quantity parameters, and carrying out continuous on-site observation and analysis.
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| CN114837662B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-11-11 | 山东科技大学 | Unloading-splitting-support cooperative scour prevention method based on coal body pressure relief and roof pre-splitting |
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