CN110699717A - Hard gold production process - Google Patents
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- CN110699717A CN110699717A CN201910920134.8A CN201910920134A CN110699717A CN 110699717 A CN110699717 A CN 110699717A CN 201910920134 A CN201910920134 A CN 201910920134A CN 110699717 A CN110699717 A CN 110699717A
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- metal blank
- blank mold
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/10—Moulds; Masks; Masterforms
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hard gold production process, which comprises the following steps: a blank mold manufacturing step: manufacturing a metal blank mold by adopting any noble metal; an ultrasonic cleaning step: carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the metal blank mold by adopting a metal cleaning agent; a first water washing step: after the ultrasonic cleaning step, cleaning the metal blank mold by adopting ultrapure water; an activation step: after the first water washing step, activating the metal blank mold by using an activating agent; a second water washing step: after the activation step, cleaning the metal blank mold by adopting ultrapure water; electroforming: after the second water washing step, the metal blank mold is electroformed to attach a hard gold layer to the metal blank mold to form a hard gold product. The invention adopts any noble metal as the metal blank mold, does not need to melt the blank mold, and can ensure the connection strength of the hard gold layer and the metal blank mold, thereby ensuring the strength of the hard gold product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production process, in particular to a hard gold production process.
Background
The 3D of 3D hard gold is an abbreviation for three-dimensional, meaning three-dimensional graphics. The real three-dimensional space has a real distance space. The gold is also gold, and the gold product produced by the electroforming process adopts different processes, some polishing and some frosting at different positions to cause light and shade contrast. The layering of color is more clear, and the third dimension is stronger, and the feel has also distinguished, and when touching, some places are smooth and fine, and some places bring slight dull polish sense, feel abundant, compare ordinary gold simultaneously, have promoted its hardness and wearability again greatly, so the consumer is called "3D hard gold" personally. At present, wax or zinc alloy is generally adopted in the hard gold production process as a blank mold, then a gold layer is plated outside the blank mold, and then the blank mold is melted off, so that a hollow hard gold product is formed; however, in the above-mentioned hard gold production process, since the blank mold such as wax or zinc alloy is not used as a material of the hard gold product, the blank mold needs to be melted off when the hard gold product is formed, and the hard gold product has a thin wall, insufficient strength, and is easily damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hard gold production process, which adopts noble metal as a metal blank mold, does not need to melt the blank mold, and ensures the connection strength of a hard gold layer and the metal blank mold through the combination of an ultrasonic cleaning step, a first water washing step, an activation step and a second water washing step, thereby ensuring the strength of a hard gold product.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a hard gold production process comprises the following steps:
a blank mold manufacturing step: manufacturing a metal blank mold by adopting any noble metal;
an ultrasonic cleaning step: carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the metal blank mold by adopting a metal cleaning agent;
a first water washing step: after the ultrasonic cleaning step, cleaning the metal blank mold by adopting ultrapure water so as to remove the metal cleaning agent on the surface of the metal blank mold;
an activation step: after the first water washing step, activating the metal blank die by using an activating agent to remove oil stains on the surface of the metal blank die and an oxide layer on the surface of the metal blank die;
a second water washing step: after the activation step, cleaning the metal blank mold by adopting ultrapure water so as to remove an activating agent on the surface of the metal blank mold;
electroforming: after the second water washing step, performing electroforming treatment on the metal blank mold to attach a hard gold layer outside the metal blank mold to form a hard gold product;
a third water washing step: and cleaning the hard gold product by adopting ultrapure water.
Further, the electroforming step is performed in an electroforming apparatus including an electroforming tank, an anode structure fixed in the electroforming tank, a hanger provided in the electroforming tank, and a rotation driving mechanism for driving the hanger to rotate; wherein the electroforming step comprises the steps of:
hanging the metal blank mold on a hanging frame; adding electroforming solution into the electroforming tank to immerse the metal blank mold; electrifying the electroforming solution, and driving the rotating frame to rotate at a constant speed by adopting a rotary driving mechanism.
Further, in the electroforming step, the temperature of the electroforming solution is 45-80 ℃, the pH value is 5.5-8.6, and the electrified current density is 0.2-1.2A/dm2。
Further, the metal blank mold is of a ring-shaped structure; in the electroforming step, the metal blank mold is hung on a hanger through a copper wire; the copper wire penetrates through the metal blank die, the parts of the copper wire positioned on the two sides of the metal blank die are mutually wound to enable the copper wire to form a hanging ring in a surrounding mode, and the caliber of the hanging ring is larger than the thickness of the metal blank die; the two sides of the copper wire are wound with each other and then hung on the hanging rack respectively.
Further, the ratio of the caliber of the hanging ring to the cross-sectional area of the metal blank mold is 1.2: 1.
Further, in the electroforming step, the hanger is driven to rotate alternately in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions by a rotary drive mechanism.
Further, the anode structure comprises a titanium mesh, and the meshes of the titanium mesh are prismatic.
Further, a ruthenium layer and an iridium layer are sequentially coated on the wall of the titanium mesh.
Furthermore, the titanium net is circumferentially wound into a column shape, and the axis of the titanium net is perpendicular to the liquid level of the electroforming liquid in the electroforming tank.
Further, the noble metal is gold or silver.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, any precious metal is adopted to manufacture the metal blank die, so that the metal blank die does not need to be melted subsequently, and the hardness is improved; meanwhile, removing oil stains and dirt on the surface through an ultrasonic cleaning step, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the metal blank mold through an activating step, and then removing residual metal cleaning agent and activating agent in the ultrasonic cleaning step and the activating step by matching with a first water washing step and a second water washing step, so that the surface cleanliness of the metal blank mold is high, and the connection strength of the hard gold layer and the metal blank mold in the electroforming step is further ensured; thus, the strength of the hard gold product is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process for producing hard gold according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electrocasting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an anode structure according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an anode structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 10. an electroforming device; 11. an electroforming tank; 12. an anode structure; 121. a mesh of titanium mesh; 123. a titanium mesh; 124. a ruthenium layer; 125. an iridium layer; 13. a hanger; 14. a rotation driving mechanism; 20. a metal blank mold; 30. a copper wire; 31. and (5) hanging a ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
A hard gold production process as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
a blank mold manufacturing step: any noble metal is adopted to manufacture the metal blank mold 20, and the shape of the metal blank mold 20 is the same as that of the required hard gold product; here, since the noble metal is widely used as a product, the melting and releasing operation of the metal blank mold 20 is not required; the noble metal may be one of gold, silver, platinum, and the like, that is, any one of gold, silver, platinum, and the like may be used to form the metal green film.
An ultrasonic cleaning step: performing ultrasonic cleaning on the metal blank mold 20 by using a metal cleaning agent to remove insoluble dirt and oil stains on the surface of the metal blank mold 20; it should be noted here that the ultrasonic cleaning step can be performed in an existing ultrasonic cleaner;
a first water washing step: after the ultrasonic cleaning step, cleaning the metal blank mold 20 by using ultrapure water to remove the metal cleaning agent on the surface of the metal blank mold 20;
an activation step: after the first water washing step, activating the metal blank mold 20 by using an activating agent to remove oil stains and a surface oxidation layer on the surface of the metal blank mold 20; at this time, because the ultrasonic cleaning step removes the dirt on the surface of the metal blank mold 20, and the first water washing step removes the metal cleaning agent, the activator is more fully contacted with the surface of the metal blank mold 20, so that the oxide layer on the surface of the metal blank mold 20 can be more fully removed;
a second water washing step: after the activation step, the metal blank mold 20 is cleaned by ultrapure water to remove the activator on the surface of the metal blank mold 20, so that the activator is prevented from influencing subsequent operations;
electroforming: after the second water washing step, performing electroforming on the metal blank mold 20 to attach a hard gold layer to the metal blank mold 20 to form a hard gold product; therefore, impurities, oil stains, oxide layers and the like on the surface of the metal blank mold 20 are removed in the steps, so that the surface of the metal blank mold 20 is smooth, gold ions in the electroforming solution are more favorably and uniformly distributed on the surface of the metal blank mold 20, and the connection strength between the hard gold layer and the metal blank mold 20 and the smoothness of the hard gold layer are improved;
a third water washing step: cleaning the hard gold product by adopting ultrapure water, and obtaining a 5D hard gold product; it should be noted here that the above-mentioned "5D hard gold product" refers to a 3D hard gold product having two layers of metals, and is colloquially called "5D hard gold product" because the first letter of Double english is D; for example, when silver is used to form the metal blank mold 20, the hard gold product is formed with a hard gold layer and a silver layer; when the metal blank mold 20 is made of gold, a hard gold product having a hard gold layer, a gold layer, and the like is formed.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, specifically, the electroforming step is performed in an electroforming apparatus 10, the electroforming apparatus 10 including an electroforming tank 11, an anode structure 12 fixed in the electroforming tank 11, a hanger 13 provided in the electroforming tank 11, and a rotation driving mechanism 14 for driving the hanger 13 to rotate; wherein, the electroforming step comprises the following steps:
hanging the metal blank mold 20 on a hanger 13; adding an electroforming solution into the electroforming tank 11 and immersing the metal blank mold 20 in the electroforming solution; electrifying the electroforming solution, and driving the rotating frame to rotate at a constant speed by adopting a rotary driving mechanism 14; in this case, the metal blank mold 20 corresponds to a cathode; therefore, the rotary frame is driven by the rotary driving mechanism 14 to drive the metal blank mold 20 to rotate, and the potential difference between the anode structure 12 and the metal blank mold 20 can be eliminated, so that the gold plating effect is more uniform; meanwhile, the rotation of the hanger 13 stirs the electroforming solution, so that the mass transfer of molecules in the electroforming solution is accelerated, the distribution of all molecules in the electroforming solution is more uniform, and the electroforming effect is better; further, the movement of the hanger 13 in the electroforming solution reduces the surface tension between the bubbles and the metal blank mold 20, and even when the bubbles are generated due to hydrogen evolution caused by an excessive current, the generated bubbles escape at the first time because the tension is small.
The rotary drive mechanism 14 may be an existing rotary motor, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, or the like.
Specifically, the driving rotational speed of the rotary drive mechanism 14 may be controlled to 4 to 15 rad/min.
Specifically, in the electroforming step, the temperature of the electroforming solution is 45-80 ℃, so that the decomposition of the electroforming solution and the increase of power consumption due to overhigh temperature are avoided, and the influence on the gold ion deposition speed in the electroforming solution caused by slow molecular diffusion in the electroforming solution at lower temperature is also prevented; meanwhile, the pH value is preferably 5.5-8.6, the acid-base condition is mild, the stability of the electroforming solution is improved, and the maintenance of the plating solution is convenient; in addition, the low current will result in slow gold ion deposition rate, and the high current will result in hard gold layer scorching, so in this embodiment, the current density is controlled to be 0.2-1.2A/dm2Under the condition, bright hard gold layers can be obtained.
In the above-mentioned process, it also can add conductive agent and compound for raising hardness and brightness of product into electrocasting liquor.
Preferably, the metal blank mold 20 has a ring-shaped structure; it should be noted that the "ring-shaped structure" refers to the extending track of the metal blank mold 20 being a closed structure from head to tail, and is not limited to a circle, an ellipse, a square, etc., for example, the hard metal product is a bracelet, a ring, etc.; in the electroforming step, the metal blank mold 20 is suspended on the hanger 13 by the copper wire 30.
Furthermore, because the gold ions in the electroforming solution are reduced to form a hard gold layer at the place where the current passes through the metal blank mold 20 (cathode) in the electroforming step, the copper wire 30 and the metal blank mold 20 are in contact with each other at the same position for a long time, so that the gold ions are continuously accumulated between the copper wire 30 and the metal blank mold 20, and finally the contact point between the copper wire 30 and the metal blank mold 20 is adhered, in this embodiment, more preferentially, the copper wire 30 passes through the metal blank mold 20, the portions of the copper wire 30 at the two sides of the metal blank mold 20 are mutually wound to form a hanging ring 31, the caliber of the hanging ring 31 is greater than the thickness of the metal blank mold 20, at this time, the metal blank mold 20 can move relative to the copper wire 30, and the two sides of the copper wire 30 are mutually wound and then respectively; thus, in the electroforming step, the metal blank mold 20 rotates along with the hanger 13, and at this time, the electroforming solution generates resistance to the metal blank mold 20 and inertia of the metal blank mold 20 itself, so that the contact point between the metal blank mold 20 and the copper wire 30 can be effectively changed, and the contact time is prevented from being too long, thereby preventing the copper wire 30 and the metal blank mold 20 from being adhered at the contact point.
Preferably, the ratio of the diameter of the hanging ring 31 to the cross-sectional area of the metal blank mold 20 is 1.2:1, which can prevent the hanging ring 31 from being too small, resulting in too tight contact between the metal blank mold 20 and the copper wire 30 during electroforming, gold-plating adhesion at the contact position, and finally forming a dent due to poor electroforming, and can also prevent the hanging ring 31 from being too large, resulting in poor contact between the metal blank mold 20 and the copper wire 30 during electroforming, insufficient conductivity and incapability of gold-plating.
More specifically, in the electroforming step, the hanger 13 is driven by the rotary drive mechanism to rotate alternately in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions, and by the alternate rotation, the escape of bubbles generated by hydrogen evolution can be further accelerated.
Because bubbles are generated due to the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction in the electroforming step, and the bubbles are easily attached to the anode structure 12 in a large quantity to influence the electroforming effect, preferably, the anode structure 12 comprises a titanium net 123, and the grid 121 of the titanium net is prismatic; compared with the existing method of adopting a massive stainless steel plate as an anode, the method has the advantages that the adsorbable area of the whole area is small due to the grids on the titanium mesh 123, the surface tension can be reduced, and bubbles are not easily adsorbed on the titanium mesh 123, so that the electroforming effect is ensured.
More preferably, the ruthenium layer 124 and the iridium layer 125 are sequentially coated on the wall of the titanium mesh 123, wherein the ruthenium layer 124 is corrosion resistant, the titanium mesh 123 is not corroded, the iridium layer 125 has good conductivity, and the iridium layer 125 is used as the outermost layer, so that the current smoothness and the current intensity in the electroforming step are ensured, the electroforming speed is higher, and meanwhile, the gold ions in the electroforming solution are more closely fused with the metal blank mold 20, so that the hard gold layer is smoother, finer and more uniform.
Further, the titanium mesh 123 is circumferentially wound in a columnar shape, and an axis of the titanium mesh 123 is perpendicular to a liquid level of the electroforming solution in the electroforming tank 11.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hard gold production process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a blank mold manufacturing step: manufacturing a metal blank mold by adopting any noble metal;
an ultrasonic cleaning step: carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the metal blank mold by adopting a metal cleaning agent;
a first water washing step: after the ultrasonic cleaning step, cleaning the metal blank mold by adopting ultrapure water so as to remove the metal cleaning agent on the surface of the metal blank mold;
an activation step: after the first water washing step, activating the metal blank die by using an activating agent to remove oil stains on the surface of the metal blank die and an oxide layer on the surface of the metal blank die;
a second water washing step: after the activation step, cleaning the metal blank mold by adopting ultrapure water so as to remove an activating agent on the surface of the metal blank mold;
electroforming: after the second water washing step, performing electroforming treatment on the metal blank mold to attach a hard gold layer outside the metal blank mold to form a hard gold product;
a third water washing step: and cleaning the hard gold product by adopting ultrapure water.
2. The hard gold production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electroforming step is carried out in an electroforming apparatus including an electroforming tank, an anode structure fixed in the electroforming tank, a hanger provided in the electroforming tank, and a rotation driving mechanism for driving the hanger to rotate; wherein the electroforming step comprises the steps of:
hanging the metal blank mold on a hanging frame; adding electroforming solution into the electroforming tank to immerse the metal blank mold; electrifying the electroforming solution, and driving the rotating frame to rotate at a constant speed by adopting a rotary driving mechanism.
3. The hard gold production process according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the electroforming step, the temperature of the electroforming solution is 45-80 ℃, the pH value is 5.5-8.6, and the electrified current density is 0.2-1.2A/dm2。
4. A hard gold production process according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: the metal blank mold is of an annular structure; in the electroforming step, the metal blank mold is hung on a hanger through a copper wire; the copper wire penetrates through the metal blank die, the parts of the copper wire positioned on the two sides of the metal blank die are mutually wound to enable the copper wire to form a hanging ring in a surrounding mode, and the caliber of the hanging ring is larger than the thickness of the metal blank die; the two sides of the copper wire are wound with each other and then hung on the hanging rack respectively.
5. The hard gold production process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ratio of the caliber of the hanging ring to the cross-sectional area of the metal blank mold is 1.2: 1.
6. The hard gold production process according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the electroforming step, the rack is driven to rotate alternately in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction by using a rotary driving mechanism.
7. The hard gold production process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anode structure comprises a titanium mesh, and the meshes of the titanium mesh are prismatic.
8. The hard gold production process according to claim 7, characterized in that: and coating a ruthenium layer and an iridium layer on the wall of the titanium net in sequence.
9. The hard gold production process according to claim 7, characterized in that: the titanium net is circumferentially wound into a column shape, and the axis of the titanium net is vertical to the liquid level of the electroforming liquid in the electroforming tank.
10. The hard gold production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the noble metal is gold or silver.
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| CN201910920134.8A CN110699717A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Hard gold production process |
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| CN201910920134.8A CN110699717A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Hard gold production process |
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| CN109881218A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-14 | 深圳市金泰隆珠宝有限公司 | A kind of solid gold jewelry surface treatment processing technique |
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2019
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| CN101711618A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-05-26 | 深圳市意地亚珠宝首饰设计有限公司 | Method for micro-embedding gem by thousands of pure gold |
| CN104562096A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 福州小神龙表业技术研发有限公司 | Production process of hard-gold jewelry |
| CN208126113U (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-20 | 福州珂麦表业有限公司 | A kind of solid hard golden wristwatch case |
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Application publication date: 20200117 |