CN110696223A - Cleaning and recycling equipment and method for waste filter bags - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cleaning and recycling device and a method for waste filter bags, and belongs to the technical field of material recycling. The method cleans the waste filter bags through the processes of pre-cleaning, surfactant cleaning, pickling, sorting, heating and quenching, and mechanical pulverization of waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bags, which solves the problem of traditional technology for waste filter bags. The problem of incomplete bag cleaning; the cleaning equipment used in surfactant cleaning conveys waste filter bags through a conveyor belt, and passes through the loading area, cleaning area, spraying area, drying area and unloading area in turn. Through the water supply main pipe, water supply branch pipe and nozzle set in the area and spray area, the dust and organic stains on the surface of the waste filter bag are removed by high pressure, and then dried by hot air in the drying area. Repeated cleaning for several times can completely remove the filter bag. Dust and organic matter on the surface of the bag; the present invention thoroughly cleans the waste filter bag, so the recovery purity of polytetrafluoroethylene particles is high.

Description

Equipment and method for cleaning and recycling waste filter bags

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of material recovery, and more particularly, to a cleaning and recycling device and method for waste filter bags.

Background technique

Soot emissions from enterprises such as waste incineration plants, coal-fired power plants and steel production are the main sources of air pollution. The bag filter has the characteristics of high dust removal efficiency, wide range of processing air volume, insensitive to dust characteristics, and can operate in high temperature environment. application.

At present, the main raw materials of filter bags in bag filter are polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimide (PI) and glass fiber. Among them, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commonly known as "the king of plastics", has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good electrical insulation, and good sealing. Its products can work for a long time at temperatures of -190 to 250 °C. With its excellent performance, PTFE microporous membrane filter bags are widely used in dust collectors. At present, the disposal methods of waste polytetrafluoroethylene filter bags are: (1) deep landfill; (2) incineration. PTFE is extremely stable and difficult to degrade in the natural environment. Landfilling waste PTFE filter bags will seriously pollute the ecological environment. In addition, when polytetrafluoroethylene is incinerated, highly toxic substances such as tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoroisobutylene, and fine particulate matter below PM2.5 are produced, polluting the atmosphere. Therefore, neither deep landfill nor incineration is the best disposal method. The price of polytetrafluoroethylene is relatively high, so recycling waste polytetrafluoroethylene filter bags not only has environmental protection significance, but also has high economic value.

In the process of recycling PTFE filter bags, the traditional cleaning process often has the problem of incomplete cleaning, and residues are prone to appear on the surface of the filter bags. The reason is that, on the one hand, there are many stains on the surface of the filter bag, which makes it difficult to remove with traditional surfactant solutions. On the other hand, the traditional way of rinsing in hydrochloric acid solution is still difficult to remove the residual metal oxides on the surface of the filter bag.

At present, the domestic recycling methods of PTFE mainly include the following three methods: mechanical pulverization method, radiation cracking method and thermal decomposition method. Thermal decomposition method is to use higher temperature to decompose polytetrafluoroethylene. This method is difficult to control the types of decomposition products, and also produces many toxic by-products. The polytetrafluoroethylene ultrafine powder obtained by the radiation cracking method has poor cohesion and high cost.

After retrieval, the Chinese patent number CN201610115214.2 was filed on March 1, 2016, and the name of the invention is: a cleaning and recycling method for waste polytetrafluoroethylene and polyphenylene sulfide blended filter bags. The waste and old blended filter bags of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyphenylene sulfide are successively cleaned with surfactant solution, heat treatment and strong acid solution to obtain pure waste and old blended filter bags, which are then subjected to high temperature treatment, crushing and sieving. The vinyl fluoride short fibers and the polyphenylene sulfide particles are separated, and then the polytetrafluoroethylene powder and the polyphenylene sulfide powder are obtained by high temperature treatment and crushing and screening. It uses a single surfactant component and cannot remove multiple stains on the filter bag at the same time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

1. The technical problem to be solved by the invention

Aiming at the problem that the surface stains on the waste and old polytetrafluoroethylene filter bags in the prior art cannot be thoroughly cleaned, which affects the recycling and utilization of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter bags, the present invention provides a cleaning and recycling equipment and method for the waste and old filter bags; the present invention Use surfactant to clean the surface stains of the filter bag, and at the same time, pickle the cleaned filter bag to remove the metal oxides on the surface of the filter bag. Tetrafluoroethylene particles.

2. Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme provided by the invention is:

The waste filter bag cleaning and recycling equipment of the present invention includes a conveyor belt and a drum, the drum drives the conveyor belt to move; the conveyor belt transports the waste filter bags, and five areas are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, namely the loading area, the cleaning area, and the spraying area. area, drying area and unloading area.

Further, a cleaning component is arranged inside the cleaning area and the spraying area, and the cleaning component includes a water supply main pipe and a water supply branch pipe, the water supply branch pipe is connected with the water supply main pipe, and the water supply branch pipes are arranged side by side along the length direction of the water supply main pipe. There are multiple roots.

Further, a plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals on the water supply branch pipe, wherein the nozzles arranged in the cleaning area are fan-shaped nozzles, and the nozzles arranged in the spray area are solid cone nozzles.

Furthermore, a blowing assembly is arranged inside the drying area, and the blowing assembly includes a plurality of air ducts, and a plurality of air openings are arranged on the air ducts at intervals.

Further, the nozzles in the cleaning area are 300-500mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of each nozzle is 0.3-0.5MPa; the nozzles in the spraying area are 300-500mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of each nozzle is 1-3MPa The distance between the air outlet of the drying area and the filter bag is 300-500 mm, and the air velocity of the air outlet is 5-10 m/s.

A method of the present invention for cleaning and recycling waste and old filter bags by utilizing the above-mentioned recycling equipment, the steps of which are:

Step 1, pre-cleaning and drying the waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bag;

Step 2, using the surfactant solution to clean and dry the waste filter bag;

Step 3, soaking and rinsing the dried filter bag in an acid solution to obtain a pure waste filter bag;

Step 4, classify the waste filter bags after rinsing, and divide them into damaged filter bags and non-damaged filter bags, and non-damaged filter bags are recycled;

Step 5, heat treatment and quench the damaged filter bag;

Step 6: Mechanically pulverize and sieve the quenched filter bag to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene particles.

Further, the surfactant used in the second step is a multi-component surfactant, and its components include: 9-11 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 6-11 parts of sodium aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate 8 parts; 1.5-3 parts of alkyl alcohol amides; 0.06-0.08 parts of Kaysong; 0.9-1.3 parts of sodium hydroxide; 5-10 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; 0.1-0.3 parts of disodium EDTA; 0.8-1.2 parts of inorganic thickener; 90-100 parts of deionized water.

Further, in the step 3, the acid solution adopts a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% to 16%, the soaking temperature is 20 to 40 ° C, and the soaking time is 1 to 3 days; the rinsing is to use a bucket Type pulsator cleaning machine cleans waste filter bags for 20-40 minutes.

Further, in the step 5, the heat treatment process is as follows: firstly, the pure waste filter bag is slowly heated to 300-350°C, and kept for 1-3h, wherein the heating rate is 3-5°C/min; The process is to place the heated filter bag in water with a temperature of 10-30°C and lower it to normal temperature.

Further, in the step 6, the mechanical pulverization is to pulverize the quenched filter bag for 1-2 hours by using an ultrafine pulverizer;

3. Beneficial effects

Adopting the technical scheme provided by the present invention, compared with the existing known technology, has the following remarkable effects:

(1) a cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag of the present invention, in view of the many stains on the surface of the waste polytetrafluoroethylene filter bag, the existing cleaning method cannot thoroughly clean the surface stains of the filter bag, which affects the recycling of the filter bag. , which designed a multi-component surfactant, which can completely remove the stains on the surface of the filter bag; the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate in the surfactant are commonly used anions in the industry Surfactant, low price; the addition of Kaysong prolongs its storage time.

(2) The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag of the present invention, since the surface of the waste polytetrafluoroethylene filter bag contains a lot of metal oxides, the traditional cleaning method only soaks and rinses the filter bag in a hydrochloric acid solution, which cannot be completely removed The metal oxide on the surface of the filter bag is cleaned by soaking the waste filter bag in hydrochloric acid, and then putting it into a barrel-type pulsator cleaning machine to clean the metal oxide more thoroughly.

(3) The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag of the present invention, because most of the existing bag filter is to integrate the filter bag and the frame as a whole, make a plate filter element, and then carry out modular assembly, A combined frame is made; in practice, damage to individual filter bags will affect the overall performance, and the combined frame will be discarded; therefore, the recovered combined frame may contain unbroken filter bags, and the cleaning and recycling method of the present invention will Filter bags are divided into damaged filter bags and non-damaged filter bags. Non-damaged filter bags are recycled and reused, avoiding the waste of resources.

(4) The cleaning and recycling equipment of a waste filter bag of the present invention, which places the filter bag on the cleaning equipment in a flat manner, so that the cleaning solution and the surface of the filter bag are fully contacted and cleaned, and the high pressure in the spray area The nozzle can further remove dust, organic pollutants and other stains on the surface of the filter bag.

(5) The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag of the present invention, which slowly heats up the damaged filter bag, can destroy the attraction between polytetrafluoroethylene molecules on the basis that the surface of the filter bag is not sintered; The treated filter bag is quenched, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene molecules have no time to reorder, so as to facilitate the crushing of the subsequent steps.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cleaning equipment in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the spray pipe arrangement diagram in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the spray pipe in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the blowing pipe in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the arrangement diagram of blowing pipe in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the recycling flow chart of the present invention.

Description of the symbols in the drawings:

1. Cleaning area; 2. Spraying area; 3. Drying area; 4. Unloading area; 5. Conveyor belt; 6. Drum; 7. Loading area; 8. Water supply main pipe; 9. Water supply branch pipe; 10. Nozzle; 11. Air outlet; 12. Air duct.

Detailed ways

In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning and recycling equipment and method for waste and old polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bags. In this method, the waste and old polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bags are sequentially used for pre-cleaning, surfactant solution cleaning and Washed with strong acid solution to obtain pure waste filter bags. The waste filter bags are then classified. If the surface of the filter bags is not damaged, they can be reused directly. If the filter bags are damaged, the damaged waste filter bags are subjected to high temperature treatment, quenching, crushing and screening to obtain PTFE particles. . Now specifically describe in conjunction with the embodiment:

Example 1

1, a cleaning and recycling equipment for waste filter bags in this implementation includes a conveyor belt 5 and a drum 6, and the drum 6 drives the conveyor belt 5 to move; They are loading area 7, cleaning area 1, spraying area 2, drying area 3 and unloading area 4. Among them, the length of the cleaning area 1 is 2m, and the width is 1.2m. The length of the spray area 2 is 2m and the width is 1m. The conveying speed of the conveyor belt 5 may be 0.8-1.2 m/min, which is set to 0.8 m/min in this embodiment.

2, the cleaning area 1 and the spraying area 2 are provided with cleaning components. The cleaning components include a water supply main pipe 8 and a water supply branch pipe 9. The water supply branch pipe 9 is connected with the water supply main pipe 8, and the water supply branch pipe 9 is along the water supply. A plurality of trunk pipes 8 are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction. Specifically to this embodiment, 11 water supply branch pipes 9 with a diameter of 6 cm are set in both the cleaning area 1 and the spraying area 2 . A plurality of nozzles 10 may be arranged on the water supply branch pipe 9 at intervals. Specifically, in this embodiment, seven nozzles 10 are arranged at equal intervals on each branch pipe (refer to FIG. 3 ). The nozzles 10 arranged in the cleaning area 1 are fan-shaped nozzles, and the nozzles 10 arranged in the shower area 2 are solid cone nozzles. The nozzle 10 and the water supply branch pipe 9 are connected with threads.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the drying area 3 is provided with a blowing component, and the blowing component includes a plurality of air ducts 12 . Specifically, in this embodiment, the blowing component is provided with five air ducts 12 . The air duct 12 may be provided with a plurality of air outlets 11 at intervals. Specifically, in this embodiment, each air duct 12 is provided with seven air outlets 11 at equal intervals (refer to FIG. 4 ).

The nozzles 10 of the cleaning zone 1 are 300-500mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of each nozzle 10 is 0.3-0.5MPa; the nozzles 10 of the spray zone 2 are 300-500mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of each nozzle 10 is 1 ~3MPa. The distance between the tuyere 11 of the drying zone 3 and the filter bag is 300-500 mm, and the wind speed of the tuyere is 5-10 m/s. In this embodiment, the nozzle 10 of the cleaning zone 1 is set at a distance of 300 mm from the filter bag, and the pressure of the nozzle 10 is 0.3 MPa. The nozzle 10 of the spray zone 2 is 300 mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of the nozzle 10 is 1 MPa. The distance between the tuyere 11 of the drying zone 3 and the filter bag is 300mm, and the wind speed of the tuyere is 5m/s. The cleaning process of the traditional technology is cumbersome and prone to the phenomenon that stains cannot be completely removed. Using the equipment of the present invention to perform tile cleaning can avoid the problem that local stains cannot be removed, and the equipment is simple and easy to use.

Example 2

The design of the cleaning and recycling equipment for waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bags in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 5 in this embodiment is 1.2 m/min. The nozzle 10 of the cleaning zone 1 is set at a distance of 500 mm from the filter bag, and the pressure of the nozzle 10 is 0.5 MPa. The nozzle 10 of the spray area 2 is 500mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of the nozzle 10 is 3MPa. The distance between the tuyere 11 of the drying zone 3 and the filter bag is 500mm, and the wind speed of the tuyere 11 is 10m/s.

Example 3

The design of the cleaning and recycling equipment for waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bags in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 5 is set to 1.0 m/min in this embodiment. The nozzle 10 of the cleaning zone 1 is set at a distance of 400 mm from the filter bag, and the pressure of the nozzle 10 is 0.4 MPa. The nozzle 10 of the spray area 2 is 400mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of the nozzle 10 is 2MPa. The distance between the tuyere 11 of the drying zone 3 and the filter bag is 400mm, and the wind speed of the tuyere 11 is 7m/s.

Example 4

6, the present embodiment utilizes the equipment described in any one of Embodiments 1-3 to clean and recycle the filter bag, and the steps are as follows:

Step 1: Pre-cleaning and drying the waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bag.

Step 2: Use the surfactant solution to clean and dry the waste filter bags. First lay the filter bags on the conveyor belt 5 in the loading area 7 . The conveying speed, nozzle 10 pressure and tuyere 11 wind speed are then adjusted. The conveyor belt 5 drives the filter bags to pass through the cleaning zone 1 and the spray zone 2 in turn for cleaning. After cleaning, turn the filter bag over to clean, repeat the cleaning for many times, and finally dry it in the drying area 3. The filter bag is laid flat on the conveyor belt 5, which is easy to clean, and at the same time, it is repeatedly cleaned on both sides to ensure that the surface of the filter bag is free of stains and residues.

The surfactant solution of this embodiment is a multi-component surfactant, and its components include: 9 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 6 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; 1.5 parts of alkyl alcohol amide; 0.06 part of pine; 0.9 part of sodium hydroxide; 5 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; 0.1 part of disodium EDTA; 0.8 part of inorganic thickener; 90 parts of deionized water. The components of the dirt on the surface of the filter bag are relatively complex. Most of the traditional cleaning solutions use a single-component solution, which is difficult to clean the surface of the filter bag.

It is worth noting that the advantage of using the multi-component surfactant of this embodiment to clean the surface stains of waste filter bags is that although a single sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate can remove the stains, it is difficult to effectively contact the stains during cleaning. And the stains are prone to re-precipitation after being washed out. The alkyl alcohol amide can well wet the filter bag, so that the surfactant of this embodiment can effectively contact the stains. Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate are easily soluble in water, and can fully emulsify the dissolved stains to form a stable emulsion and quickly disperse, effectively prevent the re-precipitation of the stains, and improve the cleaning performance. quality. Disodium EDTA can quickly complex metal ions and wash them away with water, effectively removing inorganic metal salts on the surface of the filter bag. The inorganic thickener is NaCl, which can increase the viscosity of the system, so that each system of the multi-component surfactant maintains a uniform and stable suspension state, and is not prone to precipitation.

Step 3, soak and rinse the dried filter bag in an acid solution to obtain a pure waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bag; the acid solution adopts a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10% by mass, and the soaking temperature is 20°C, and the soaking time is 3 days. The rinsing is to use a barrel-type pulsator cleaning machine to clean the waste filter bags for 20 minutes. The traditional method only soaks and rinses the filter bag in hydrochloric acid solution, which cannot completely remove the metal oxides on the surface of the filter bag. The metal and its oxides attached to the surface of the filter bag are dissolved and loosened, and then the metal oxide can be removed more thoroughly by using the barrel-type impeller cleaning machine.

Step 4: Classify the waste filter bags after rinsing, and divide them into damaged filter bags and non-damaged filter bags, and non-damaged filter bags are recycled. Most of the existing bag filter is to integrate the filter bag and the frame as a whole, to make a plate filter element, and then to make a modular assembly to make a combined frame. In practice, damage to individual filter bags affects overall performance and the combined frame is discarded. Therefore, the recovered combined frame may contain unbroken filter bags, which can be reused after cleaning, avoiding the waste of resources.

Step 5. Heat and quench the damaged filter bag. The process of the heating treatment is as follows: first place the pure waste filter bag in a muffle furnace and slowly heat it up to 300°C, the heating rate is 3°C/min, and then keep the temperature for 1 hour. Then put the filter bag into water at 10°C and lower it to normal temperature for quenching. The PTFE microporous membrane filter bag can be slowly heated up, which can destroy the attraction between PTFE molecules without sintering the surface of the filter bag. From the "Lanna-Jones" potential (see formula 1), it can be known that the larger the molecular potential energy is, the larger the intermolecular distance r is. When the intermolecular distance reaches a certain level, the molecular potential energy is increased, and the increase in the intermolecular distance is greatly reduced.

where V is the intermolecular potential energy, ε is equal to the depth of the potential energy well, and σ is the distance between the two bodies when the potential energy of the interaction is exactly zero.

The total molecular energy (E) = kinetic energy (E _k ) + potential energy (V), the temperature increases, the kinetic energy (E _k ) increases, and the total molecular energy (E) increases. When the intermolecular distance reaches a certain level, the total molecular energy increases (E), the increase in the intermolecular distance is greatly reduced. According to the simulation calculation of formula 2, when the temperature is in the range of 300 to 350 °C, the intermolecular distance is large enough to destroy the attraction between PTFE molecules, and continuing to increase the temperature cannot significantly increase the molecular distance. In this embodiment, the temperature of the muffle furnace is set to 300°C.

Quenching the filter bag after high temperature treatment, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene molecules have no time to reorder, so as to facilitate the crushing of the subsequent steps.

Step 6: Putting the quenched filter bag into an ultrafine pulverizer for 1 hour, and then sieving to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene particles with a particle size of 100-300 meshes. The ash content of the obtained polytetrafluoroethylene particles was 0.28%, and the volatile content was 0.10%.

Example 5

The method of this example is basically the same as that of Example 4, the difference is: the surfactant solution described in step 2 is a multi-component surfactant, and its components include: 11 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; 8 parts of alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; 3 parts of alkyl alcohol amide; 0.08 part of Kayson; 1.3 parts of sodium hydroxide; 10 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; 0.3 part of disodium EDTA; 1 part of the agent; 100 parts of deionized water.

In step 3, the acid solution adopts a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 16% by mass, the soaking temperature is 40° C., and the soaking time is 1 day. The rinsing is to use a barrel-type pulsator cleaning machine to clean the waste filter bags for 40 minutes.

In step 5, the heat treatment process is as follows: firstly, placing the pure waste filter bag in a muffle furnace and slowly heating it to 350°C, the heating rate is 5°C/min, and then keeping the temperature for 3 hours. Then put the filter bag into water at 10°C and lower it to normal temperature for quenching.

In step 6, the quenched filter bag is put into an ultrafine pulverizer for 2 hours, and then sieved to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene particles with a particle size of 100-300 meshes.

Example 6

The method of this example is basically the same as that of Example 4, except that the surfactant solution described in step 2 is a multi-component surfactant, and its components include: 10 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; 7 parts of alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; 2 parts of alkyl alcohol amide; 0.07 part of Kayson; 1.1 part of sodium hydroxide; 7 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; 0.2 part of disodium EDTA; inorganic thickening 0.9 part of the agent; 95 parts of deionized water.

In the third step, the acid solution adopts a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 13% by mass, the soaking temperature is 30° C., and the soaking time is 2 days. The rinsing is to use a barrel-type pulsator cleaning machine to clean the waste filter bags for 30 minutes.

In step 5, the heat treatment process is as follows: firstly, placing the pure waste filter bag in a muffle furnace and slowly heating it to 320°C, the heating rate is 4°C/min, and then keeping the temperature for 2 hours. Then put the filter bag into water at 20°C and quench it at room temperature.

In step 6, the quenched filter bag is put into an ultrafine pulverizer for 1.5 hours, and then sieved to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene particles with a particle size of 100-300 meshes.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, and the description is not restrictive, and what is shown in the accompanying drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, any structural modes and embodiments similar to this technical solution are designed without creativity, which shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention. .

Claims (10)

1. A waste filter bag cleaning and recycling equipment is characterized in that: comprising a conveyor belt (5) and a roller (6), and the roller (6) drives the conveyor belt (5) to move; ) in the conveying direction, five areas are set up in sequence, namely the loading area (7), the cleaning area (1), the spraying area (2), the drying area (3) and the unloading area (4). 2. A waste filter bag cleaning and recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cleaning area (1) and the spraying area (2) are provided with cleaning components, and the cleaning components include a water supply main pipe (8) and a water supply branch pipe (9), the water supply branch pipe (9) is connected with the water supply main pipe (8), and a plurality of water supply branch pipes (9) are arranged side by side along the length direction of the water supply main pipe (8). 3. A waste filter bag cleaning and recycling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water supply branch pipe (9) is provided with a plurality of nozzles (10) at intervals, wherein, the nozzles (10) are arranged in the cleaning area (1) The nozzle (10) is a fan-shaped nozzle, and the nozzle (10) arranged in the spray area (2) is a solid cone nozzle. 4. The waste filter bag cleaning and recycling equipment according to claim 3, wherein the drying area (3) is provided with a blowing component, and the blowing component comprises a plurality of air ducts (12) A plurality of air outlets (11) are arranged on the air duct (12) at intervals. 5. The waste filter bag cleaning and recycling equipment according to claim 4, wherein the nozzle (10) of the cleaning area (1) is 300-500 mm away from the filter bag, and the pressure of each nozzle (10) is 300-500 mm. The distance between the nozzles (10) of the spray area (2) is 300 to 500 mm from the filter bag, and the pressure of each nozzle (10) is 1 to 3MPa; the tuyere (11) of the drying area (3) ) The distance from the filter bag is 300~500mm, and the wind speed of the tuyere is 5~10m/s. 6. A method for cleaning and recycling waste and old filter bags using the recycling equipment described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the steps are: Step 1, pre-cleaning and drying the waste polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane filter bag; Step 2, using the surfactant solution to clean and dry the waste filter bag; Step 3, soaking and rinsing the dried filter bag in an acid solution to obtain a pure waste filter bag; Step 4, classify the waste filter bags after rinsing, and divide them into damaged filter bags and non-damaged filter bags, and non-damaged filter bags are recycled; Step 5, heat treatment and quench the damaged filter bag; Step 6: Mechanically pulverize and sieve the quenched filter bag to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene particles. 7. The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag according to claim 6, characterized in that: the surfactant used in the described step 2 is a multi-component surfactant, and its composition comprises: dodecyl 9-11 parts of sodium benzenesulfonate; 6-8 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; 1.5-3 parts of alkyl alcohol amides; 0.06-0.08 parts of Kayson; 0.9-1.3 parts of sodium hydroxide; 5-10 parts of vinyl ether; 0.1-0.3 parts of disodium EDTA; 0.8-1.2 parts of inorganic thickener; 90-100 parts of deionized water. 8. The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step 3, the acid solution adopts a hydrochloric acid solution whose mass percentage concentration is 10% to 16%, and the soaking temperature is 20% ~40°C, soaking time is 1-3 days; the rinsing is to use a barrel-type pulsator cleaning machine to clean the waste filter bags for 20-40 minutes. 9 . The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag according to claim 7 , wherein in the step 5, the process of the heat treatment is to slowly heat up the pure waste filter bag to 300-350° C., and keep the heat preservation. 10 . 1～3h, wherein the heating rate is 3～5℃/min; the process of quenching is to place the heated filter bag in water with a temperature of 10～30℃ and lower it to normal temperature. 10. The cleaning and recycling method of a waste filter bag according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step 6, the mechanical pulverization is to use an ultrafine pulverizer to pulverize the quenched filter bag for 1 to 2 hours; After crushing and screening, polytetrafluoroethylene particles with a particle size of 100-300 meshes are obtained.

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