CN110695746A - Automatic change processing tool device and modularization workstation that is applied to thereof - Google Patents
Automatic change processing tool device and modularization workstation that is applied to thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110695746A CN110695746A CN201910903281.4A CN201910903281A CN110695746A CN 110695746 A CN110695746 A CN 110695746A CN 201910903281 A CN201910903281 A CN 201910903281A CN 110695746 A CN110695746 A CN 110695746A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/04—Cleaning by suction, with or without auxiliary action
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/0046—Devices for removing chips by sucking
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for automatically replacing a machining tool, which comprises a main controller, a main three-axis positioning mechanism, a tool library, a switching bracket, an auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism and a pneumatic chuck, wherein the main controller, the main three-axis positioning mechanism, the tool library, the switching bracket, the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism and the pneumatic chuck are connected based on a three-dimensional rack; the two positioning mechanisms are assembled into a whole through the adapter bracket and are used for driving the pneumatic chuck to perform high-precision positioning in any position and orientation, and the pneumatic chuck is butted or releases a machining tool through an interface of an external air source; the tool library comprises processing tools which are positioned and arranged in an array manner, and each processing tool independently integrates a pneumatic motor and a grinding head or a tool bit with a corresponding operation function; the driving end of each positioning mechanism and the control end of the valve are connected with the master controller through buses, and are controlled to act and lock. A modular workstation using the device is also provided. The innovative scheme of the invention has high movement control precision and easy programming operation, and improves the flexibility, the positioning operation precision, the compound operation expandability and the production efficiency of the processing tool on the basis of optimizing the labor intensity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a small independent machining device, in particular to a novel machining platform which is high in machining tool changing automation degree, saves manpower and wastes consumable materials, and belongs to the technical field of electromechanical application.
Background
With the change of electromechanical technology, the industrial automatic production and processing industry develops rapidly, and the technical development of the industry is also promoted continuously. The industrial production comprises contents of various large-scale levels, the related equipment is large enough to produce large machines of vehicle navigation equipment, small enough to produce processing machines of various miniature parts, and the industrial production also comprises automatic assembling tools of various specifications and the like.
Whether the product is formed by injection molding, metal die casting or metal welding, the flatness, smoothness and reflection brightness of more or less surfaces of the product do not meet the ideal requirements, or the product has the phenomena of scratches, spots, edge collapse and the like. Therefore, deep processing treatment needs to be carried out by the equipment, the treatment is mostly completed by manual operation, and the consistency of batch treatment quality is difficult to ensure due to the difference of labor fatigue intensity. In view of this, many technicians provide various devices for liberating manual work and realizing preliminary automation through research, development and experiments. Generally, the processing contents of the equipment mainly include grinding, polishing, milling and the like, so that the equipment also needs to periodically replace consumable tools such as a processing grinding head and the like in the operation process according to process requirements except for the requirements on the flexibility and the precision of the space positioning of the operation head, and almost all the consumable tools need to be manually replaced after shutdown operation, and the automation degree of the processing equipment and the efficiency of production operation are influenced on the premise of ensuring the safety of operators.
In addition, although the automatic polishing head replacing device disclosed in patent documents with the publication number CN 106985069B in the prior art has partially solved the problem of improving the degree of automation in technical innovation, the hardware modification cost and the operation implementation complexity of technical implementation are increased, and the operation flexibility of the processing equipment is still sealed, so that the device can only process a small part of products with regular shapes, and cannot meet the processing requirements of various irregular or exaggerated special-shaped products. The reason is that the existing processing platforms only replace a tool bit or a polishing head, and are suitable for single operation with relatively fixed parameter setting. And corresponding different types of consumable tools under the actual working condition, even similar consumable tools with different specifications, the parameter setting is also dynamically changed, and the system needs to be matched with and adjust parameters after the consumable is replaced each time, so that the complexity of processing programming is increased, and the processing efficiency is difficult to improve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to provide an apparatus for automatically replacing a machining tool and a modular workstation applied thereto, which can solve the problems of improving the automation degree of the machining apparatus and the flexibility of the machining operation.
The present invention achieves the first object by providing an apparatus for automatically replacing a machining tool, characterized in that: the three-dimensional rack-based tool magazine comprises a main controller, a main three-axis positioning mechanism, a tool magazine, a switching support, an auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism and a pneumatic chuck which are connected based on a three-dimensional rack;
the main three-axis positioning mechanism comprises an X-axis linear sliding table, a Y-axis linear sliding table and a Z-axis linear sliding table which are vertically connected with each other, wherein a Y-axis sliding block driven to be positioned by displacement of a Y-axis motor is installed on the Y-axis linear sliding table;
the tool library comprises a set of processing tools which are arranged in an array mode, each processing tool is matched with a unique spatial position and positioning data are stored in a main controller, and each processing tool is integrated with an independent pneumatic motor and a grinding head or a tool bit with a corresponding operation function;
the switching bracket is fixedly connected with the Z-axis sliding block to follow up and is provided with a horizontal substrate;
the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism comprises a vertical axial rotation unit and a horizontal axial swing unit, the vertical axial rotation unit is fixedly connected to the substrate, and a rotor of the vertical axial rotation unit is integrally connected with a fixed shaft part of the horizontal axial swing unit at the bottom side of the substrate;
the pneumatic chuck is connected with the swinging part of the horizontal axial swinging unit into a whole and is externally connected with an air source through an air pipe and a valve, and the pneumatic chuck is provided with an interface which is in butt joint with a pneumatic motor of a processing tool for ventilation;
and a programmable host is arranged in the main controller, and the X-axis motor, the Y-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the vertical axial rotation unit, the horizontal axial swing unit, each driving end of the air source and the control end of the valve are connected with the main controller through buses to be controlled to act and lock.
According to the automatic machining tool replacing device, the sealing ring is arranged at the interface of the pneumatic chuck, the pneumatic self-locking joint is arranged beside the periphery of the interface, and the interface of the pneumatic self-locking joint is in butt joint with the female joint seat arranged on any machining tool for ventilation self-locking and air-off unlocking.
The automatic tool changer further includes a flexible floating docking unit for flexibly floating docking the processing tool attached to the pneumatic chuck with the processing object.
In the automatic machining tool replacing device, thirty-six machining tools are arranged in one set in the tool magazine, the tool magazine is provided with the tool racks which are arranged in rows and columns transversely and longitudinally on the vertical side surfaces of the two ends of the X-axis linear sliding table, and each machining tool is uniquely positioned on the tool rack.
In the above automatic tool changer, the tool rack is further provided with a plurality of seats spaced apart from each other corresponding to the respective tools, and the inner surface of each seat is provided with a reinforced positioning portion.
In the automatic tool changer, the vertical axial rotation unit includes a driving motor, a mover and a stator; the air pipe penetrates through the vertical axial rotating unit and the horizontal axial swinging unit and is connected with the interface of the pneumatic chuck.
The automatic machining tool replacing device further comprises a swing motor arranged in the fixed shaft part of the horizontal axial swing unit, and the swing part is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the swing motor and driven to swing and lock within an angle range of more than 180 degrees.
The technical solution of the present invention for achieving the second object is a modular workstation, characterized in that: the workstation is provided with the automatic tool replacing and processing device and the dust collecting device in a semi-closed case in an integrated manner, and is provided with a working platform in the case based on a three-dimensional frame, and a clamp module is arranged at the center of the working platform, wherein the main three-axis positioning mechanism, the tool magazine, the switching bracket, the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism and the pneumatic chuck are arranged on the periphery above the working platform in a distributed manner; the main controller is connected and accommodated in an electric box which is isolated relative to the back side of the main three-axis positioning mechanism in the case, the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure fan, a filter cylinder, a plurality of porous plates which are distributed on the peripheries of the dust collecting box and the clamp module, the porous plates and the dust collecting box are connected and enclosed to form an independent isolated dust collecting cavity in the case, the negative pressure fan is connected into the dust collecting cavity through the filter cylinder, and a control switch of the negative pressure fan is connected into the main controller; the top wall of the machine case of the workstation is provided with a plurality of air inlet windows with dustproof cotton and an ion generator, and the bottom side of the rear wall of the machine case is provided with an air exhaust window butted with a negative pressure fan.
Above-mentioned modularization workstation, further, modularization workstation, its characterized in that: silencing cotton is embedded in each side wall of the case.
The modular workstation is further provided with an operation panel and an emergency stop warning lamp which are positioned outside the case and used for state monitoring and manual programming input, wherein the operation panel and the emergency stop warning lamp are in butt joint with the main controller through lines.
The automatic tool replacing device and the modular workstation thereof have the prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progressiveness:
1) the adjustable mechanism of three-axis extension five-axis can simulate the positioning and orientation functions of a multi-axis robot in a small workstation, improves the general applicability and positioning accuracy of the processing tool to the operation orientation of an object to be processed, and has the flexibility of considering both regular and irregular special-shaped products;
2) the replaced processing tool independently integrates the pneumatic motor corresponding to the operation mode of processing consumable materials and matched parameters, breaks through the limitation that the traditional single type power source and consumable material clamp cannot be used for different tools, expands the number of complete processing tools and enables a single workstation to meet the processing requirements of multiple types of compounding;
3) through being applied to modularization workstation and perfecting the hardware configuration of removing dust, noise abatement and self-service programming control, improved industrial automation's simple operation nature and production efficiency, through the dress that corresponds each object of treating the modularized programming realization pneumatic chuck high accuracy location connects machining tool and operation, is favorable to improving the production environment and the safety in workshop simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for automatically changing a processing tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the auxiliary biaxial orientation mechanism in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the tool holder of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall box structure of the modular workstation to which the present invention is applied.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings for the purpose of understanding and controlling the technical solutions of the present invention, so as to define the protection scope of the present invention more clearly.
The designer of the invention finds out a plurality of limitations or defects of the existing common semi-automatic processing equipment aiming at the deep market investigation of the development of the small-sized machine processing operation industry, thereby relying on the long-term production line experience to carry out technical attack, research, development and exploration, aiming at improving the flexibility of small and medium-sized large-scale compound operation and the processing efficiency and operation convenience, in particular liberating the manual operation and eliminating the influence on the production continuity and consistency, innovatively providing an automatic processing tool replacing device and a modular workstation applied to the same, and being widely applied to the secondary processing production application fields of polishing, milling, drilling and various combinations of various molded products. The device and the workstation applied by the device can quickly adapt to the requirements of new product development and market launching, and efficiently meet various novel processing requirements.
Fig. 1 to 4 are schematic structural views of a preferred embodiment of the automatic tool changer apparatus of the present invention, from the whole to the details of the components. As can be seen from the figure and the technical outline, the device comprises a main controller 6, a main three-axis positioning mechanism 31, a tool library 5, a switching bracket 11, an auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism 32 and a pneumatic chuck 4 which are mounted on the basis of a three-dimensional rack 1, and the detailed structural characteristics of each part are as follows.
As shown in fig. 1, the main three-axis positioning mechanism 31 is a conventional stereo orthogonal axis linear navigation positioning assembly, and includes an X-axis linear sliding table 311a, a Y-axis linear sliding table 311b, and a Z-axis linear sliding table 311c, which are perpendicularly connected to each other, wherein the Y-axis linear sliding table 311b is mounted with a Y-axis slider 312b driven by a Y-axis motor 313b to perform displacement positioning, the X-axis linear sliding table 311a is fixedly connected to the Y-axis slider 312b to follow up, the X-axis linear sliding table 311a is mounted with an X-axis slider 312a driven by an X-axis motor 313a to perform displacement positioning, the Z-axis linear sliding table 311c is fixedly connected to the X-axis slider 312a to follow up, and the Z-axis linear sliding table 311c is mounted with a Z-axis slider 312c driven by a Z-axis motor 313 c. In the illustrated embodiment, the Y-axis linear sliding table 311b and the Y-axis sliding block 312b thereof are disposed at two ends of the X-axis linear sliding table 311a in pairs, and the Y-axis motors on two sides are driven and controlled synchronously to drive the X-axis linear sliding table to move horizontally back and forth without being tilted. The main triaxial positioning mechanism is widely applied in the prior art, so the detailed description of the navigation implementation mode and the precision control measure is omitted.
The tool library 5 includes N sets of machining tools 5i, i =1 and 2 … … N, each of which is different in type and specification; n is the total number of machining tools of different types or specifications in the tool library, and is a natural number of 2 or more. Each processing tool is matched with a unique spatial position and positioning data is stored in a main controller; that is, each processing tool has a unique positioning point for accessing and resetting in the tool library, and any processing tool is prohibited from being reset to the tool library when the processing tool is removed from the tool library, that is, reset and misplaced. Each processing tool is integrated with an independent pneumatic motor and a grinding head or a tool bit corresponding to the operation function, the grinding head or the tool bit is connected with an air source and then is subjected to related operation by the power output of the pneumatic motor, and the corresponding grinding head and the corresponding tool bit are consumable workpieces which can be replaced from a warehouse.
The adapting bracket 11 is fixedly connected to the Z-axis slider 312c for follow-up, and mainly serves as an adapting fitting for integrally connecting the main three-axis linear positioning mechanism 31 and the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism 32, and has an integrally formed vertical backing plate 111 and a horizontal base plate 112, wherein the former conforms to the Z-axis slider 312c for attachment and fixation, and the latter facilitates the axial positioning of the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2, the auxiliary biaxial orientation mechanism 32 is implemented as two non-linear movements in different axial directions, and includes a vertical axial rotation unit 32a and a horizontal axial swing unit 32 b. The vertical axial rotation unit is composed of a driving motor 321a, a stator 322a and a mover 323a which are sequentially assembled from top to bottom, and is connected with a Z-axis slide block in the three-axis linear positioning mechanism into a whole through a switching bracket in the embodiment shown in the figure. Specifically, the driving motor 321a, a part of the stator 322a and a power source interface (not shown) of the air tube facing the air source are attached to the top side of the base plate 112, another part of the stator is attached to the bottom side of the horizontal base plate 112 and is integrated with the upper part, and the mover 323a is inserted into the stator 322a and is axially positioned and radially controlled by the driving motor to rotate for 360 degrees. In the drawings, circular holes shown in the base plate 112 and the fixed shaft portion 321b are through air pipes, and the air pipes are not shown. The horizontal axis direction swing unit 32b is composed of a fixed shaft portion 321b in which a swing motor 322b is provided, and a swing portion 323b fixed to an output shaft of the swing motor, the mover 323a is integrally connected to the fixed shaft portion 321b, and the swing portion 323b is driven to swing and lock within an angular range of 180 ° or more. The pneumatic chuck 4 follows the rotating shaft of the swing part 323b through key joint fixation, and is externally connected with an air source through an air pipe and a valve (not shown). The pneumatic chuck 4 is provided with an interface which is butted with a pneumatic motor of a processing tool for ventilation, and the interface is provided with a sealing ring, so that the pneumatic motor can be conveniently butted to conduct air source power without leakage; the conventional pneumatic self-locking joint is arranged beside the periphery of the interface, and the female joint seat is arranged on the surface facing to the shell of the processing tool, so that the ventilation self-locking and the air-off unlocking can be realized after any processing tool is connected in a virtual mode. Such as a tool quick-change body BRQC018-S-M and its lockers BRMQC018 or other tool quick-change interface device.
As can be seen in fig. 2, to further optimize the performance of the horizontal axial swing unit, the lost motion stroke during yaw is eliminated. In particular, the structure and the attaching relationship of the swing portion 323b are improved. Specifically, the output shaft of the swing motor 322b is connected to a pulley outside the wing plate on one side of the fixed shaft portion 321b through a coupling, the pulley is in transmission connection with another pulley through a timing belt (not shown) and a set of tension guide wheels, the swing shaft is inserted into the wing plates on both sides of the fixed shaft portion 321b and the pneumatic chuck therebetween, the swing shaft is axially positioned and coaxially and integrally connected with the another pulley, and the pneumatic chuck and the swing shaft are connected coaxially and rotate along with each other. Through the transmission of the tensioned synchronous belt wheel, the swinging positioning performance can be improved, and the phenomenon that the pneumatic chuck runs and shakes due to the action of self gravity is avoided.
The main controller 6 is internally provided with a programmable host (not shown) with hardware configuration comparable to an industrial PC and a microcomputer system, and the X-axis motor, the Y-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the vertical axial rotation unit, the horizontal axial swing unit, each driving end of an air source and the control end of a valve are all connected with the main controller through buses to be controlled to act and locked. The output signal of the main controller comprises control signals for realizing high-precision positioning when the motors start and stop, control signals for realizing quick reloading of the processing tool by a valve on-off air source, control signals for realizing axial high-precision rotation positioning of the vertical axial rotation unit along the axial direction and control signals for realizing axial high-precision deflection positioning of the horizontal axial swing unit along the swing motor, and the control signals are mutually independent, synchronously or asynchronously output and drive.
More specific and optimized implementation: the flexible floating butt joint of the processing tool and the processing object which are arranged on the pneumatic chuck can realize the adjustability of the output end within a preset range through the scheme of adding the pressure spring and the spherical guide surface to the inside of the processing tool. When the processing tool is attached to the surface of a processing object, flexible contact and self-adaptation of processing pressure can be realized, and accidental damage to a product caused by rigid impact is avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, the tool magazine 5 is provided with tool holders having seats arranged in rows and columns on both sides of the work platform, and the tool holders 5a are provided with seats 5b spaced apart from each other corresponding to the respective machining tools, and the respective machining tools are independently positioned in the seats. In the illustrated embodiment, N =36, and the toolholders are distributed in two rows and nine rows of arrays on both sides of the working platform and symmetrically positioned on both sides, so that the pneumatic chucks can conveniently receive processing tools in different directions. As a technical optimization, in order to improve the positioning stability of each processing tool in the drop seat, a reinforced positioning part is arranged on the inner surface of the drop seat. The implementation mode of the method is as follows: the bottom surface of the seat is provided with an adsorption air hole 5c of an external vacuum pump. The adsorption air hole provides the negative pressure when processing tool is idle to be used among the practical application, avoids polishing the operation in-process fuselage vibration and makes processing tool produce and rocks the noise, only meets the auto-lock back when specific processing tool and pneumatic chuck, adsorbs the air hole automatic switch-over to the decompression state, and processing tool can freely remove. Of course, the implementation method may include the use of magnetic attraction or elastic dragon ball, besides the air hole adsorption.
In view of the innovative features of the apparatus, which is preferably and further optimally implemented, on the one hand, the types and specifications of the tool sets configured in the tool library are complete, and the requirements of the processing treatment for various product objects can be met. And wherein each processing tool all disposes the pneumatic motor that the required power output of the work piece processing operation of self consumptive material all independently for the multiple many specifications of multiple type processing tool combined operation no longer is restricted by power output. On the other hand, the navigation positioning controlled by the main controller and the auxiliary positioning mechanism with five shafts is utilized, the comprehensive and all-directional space positioning of the multi-axis mechanical arm can be simulated, the pneumatic chuck can conveniently butt each processing tool at any position, and the feasibility is provided for the modularized programming of the main controller. On the other hand, the pneumatic chuck is separated from the functional scope of power output of the processing tool, and only provides an air source and a pneumatic sealing and locking interface for the processing tool, so that the structure of the device is simplified, and the load power and the space occupation of navigation movement of the pneumatic chuck during no-load are saved.
When the automatic machining tool replacing device is continuously applied, designers innovate a modular workstation at the same time, technical improvement is further introduced into actual production operation, and machining efficiency and operation experience of operators are improved. In particular, and in a relatively simplified manner, the modular station integrates the aforementioned automatic tool change and dust collection devices within a semi-enclosed housing 8. On one hand, based on the three-dimensional rack 1, the operation platform 2 is arranged in the case, and the clamp module 21 is arranged in the center of the operation platform 2, wherein the main three-axis positioning mechanism 31, the tool magazine 5, the switching bracket 11, the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism 32 and the pneumatic chucks 4 are distributed and arranged on the periphery above the operation platform 2; the main controller 6 is mounted in an electrical box which is compatible with the back side of the main triaxial positioning mechanism 31 in the machine case and is isolated. Therefore, the electromechanical control function of automatically replacing the machining tool is integrated on the workstation and the internal operation platform of the workstation, and various machining requirements are met through modularized programming operation based on the main controller.
On the other hand, the dust collecting device arranged in the case comprises a negative pressure fan (not shown), a filter cartridge, a dust collecting box 91 and a plurality of perforated plates 92 distributed on the periphery of the clamp module, the perforated plates 92 and the dust collecting box 91 are connected and enclosed to form an independent isolated dust collecting cavity in the case, the negative pressure fan is connected into the dust collecting cavity through the filter cartridge, and a control switch of the negative pressure fan is connected into the main controller; the main controller is additionally provided with a control item, the action of the negative pressure fan can be stopped or the weak dust collection operation can be run at low speed in the process of replacing the processing tool by the pneumatic chuck through modular programming, and the normal operation of the negative pressure fan can be switched and driven to carry out the strong dust collection operation when the pneumatic chuck drives the processing tool to carry out actual operation. When the air flow direction is seen from the work station, and the requirement of eliminating static electricity in the processing work environment above the work platform is considered, the top wall of the case is provided with a plurality of air inlet windows 93 with dustproof cotton and an ion generator 95, and the bottom side of the rear wall of the case is provided with an air outlet window 94 butted with a negative pressure fan. When the negative pressure fan is started to operate, clean air containing sufficient negative ions is sucked into a space area of the operation platform from the air inlet window, high-density particle scraps are generated along with processing operation and need to pass through the porous plate downwards along with air flow to be introduced into the dust collection cavity, the particle scraps are gradually accumulated, deposited and laminated in the dust collection box 91, and the air flow is purified by the filter cartridge and at least one primary filter screen and then is sent out through the air exhaust window.
In addition, in order to further improve the performance of the whole machine when the modularized workstation carries out processing operation, silencing cotton is embedded in the side walls of the machine case in all directions. The workstation is provided with an operation panel 81 and an emergency stop warning lamp 82 which are positioned outside the case for state monitoring and manual programming input, and the operation panel and the emergency stop warning lamp are in butt joint with the main controller through lines so as to facilitate man-machine interaction and fault warning of the modular workstation.
In summary, the technical innovation scheme and the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings, and as compared with the conventional small and medium-sized processing equipment with similar functions, the technical innovation scheme has prominent substantive features and remarkable progressiveness, which are summarized and understood from the following three aspects.
The three-axis positioning mechanism of the traditional mainstream is connected with two other two-axis positioning mechanisms which do nonlinear motion through the extension of the switching support to form a high-precision adjustable positioning five-axis mechanism, the positioning and orientation functions of a multi-axis robot can be simulated in a small workstation, a machining tool is easy to control through space three-dimensional coordinates and vector pointer programming, the defect that the traditional three-axis positioning directionality is stiff is overcome, the general applicability and the positioning precision of the machining tool to the operation orientation of an object to be machined are improved, and the flexibility of taking account of regular and irregular special-shaped products is achieved.
Secondly, the machining tool that is used for changing the outfit in the tool magazine is independently integrated to be equipped with the pneumatic motor that corresponds processing consumptive material operation mode and parameter matching, and the same air supply of sharing is compatible various processing operation modes, has broken through the unable general other kind of instrument's of traditional single type power supply and consumptive material anchor clamps limitation, has expanded the quantity of complete set machining tool, can make the workstation satisfy multiple type complex processing requirement.
And thirdly, the device is applied to the modularized workstation, hardware configuration including dust removal, noise elimination, self-service programming control and the like is perfected, the operation convenience and the production efficiency of industrial automation are improved, the assembling and machining tool for realizing the high-precision positioning of the pneumatic chuck through the programming corresponding to the modularization of each object to be machined is used for carrying out required operations such as grinding, polishing, milling and drilling, and meanwhile, the production environment and safety of a workshop are favorably improved.
The above detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings is intended to be a detailed description of possible embodiments of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims and their equivalents, but rather by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. Automatic change processing tool device, its characterized in that: the three-dimensional rack-based tool magazine comprises a main controller, a main three-axis positioning mechanism, a tool magazine, a switching support, an auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism and a pneumatic chuck which are connected based on a three-dimensional rack;
the main three-axis positioning mechanism comprises an X-axis linear sliding table, a Y-axis linear sliding table and a Z-axis linear sliding table which are vertically connected with each other, wherein a Y-axis sliding block driven to be positioned by displacement of a Y-axis motor is installed on the Y-axis linear sliding table;
the tool library comprises a set of processing tools which are arranged in an array mode, each processing tool is matched with a unique spatial position and positioning data are stored in a main controller, and each processing tool is integrated with an independent pneumatic motor and a grinding head or a tool bit with a corresponding operation function;
the switching bracket is fixedly connected with the Z-axis sliding block to follow up and is provided with a horizontal substrate;
the auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism comprises a vertical axial rotation unit and a horizontal axial swing unit, the vertical axial rotation unit is fixedly connected to the substrate, and a rotor of the vertical axial rotation unit is integrally connected with a fixed shaft part of the horizontal axial swing unit at the bottom side of the substrate;
the pneumatic chuck is connected with the swinging part of the horizontal axial swinging unit into a whole and is externally connected with an air source through an air pipe and a valve, and the pneumatic chuck is provided with an interface which is in butt joint with a pneumatic motor of a processing tool for ventilation;
and a programmable host is arranged in the main controller, and the X-axis motor, the Y-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the vertical axial rotation unit, the horizontal axial swing unit, each driving end of the air source and the control end of the valve are connected with the main controller through buses to be controlled to act and lock.
2. The automatic tool changer of claim 1, wherein: the pneumatic chuck is characterized in that a sealing ring is arranged at an interface of the pneumatic chuck, a pneumatic self-locking joint is arranged beside the periphery of the interface, and the pneumatic self-locking joint is in butt joint with a female joint seat arranged on any machining tool for ventilation self-locking and air-off unlocking.
3. The automatic tool changer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the processing tool attached to the pneumatic chuck is in flexible floating abutment with the processing object.
4. The automatic tool changer of claim 1, wherein: thirty-six processing tools are arranged in the tool magazine in a set, tool racks which are transversely arranged in rows and longitudinally arranged are respectively arranged on the vertical side surfaces of two ends of the X-axis linear sliding table of the tool magazine, and each processing tool is uniquely positioned on the tool racks respectively.
5. The automatic tool changer of claim 4, wherein: the tool rack is provided with a plurality of mutually separated falling seats corresponding to the processing tools, and the inner surfaces of the falling seats are provided with reinforced positioning parts.
6. The automatic tool changer of claim 1, wherein: the vertical axial rotation unit comprises a driving motor, a rotor and a stator; the air pipe penetrates through the vertical axial rotating unit and the horizontal axial swinging unit and is connected with the interface of the pneumatic chuck.
7. The automatic tool changer of claim 1, wherein: a swing motor is arranged in a fixed shaft part of the horizontal axial swing unit, and a swing part is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the swing motor and driven to swing and lock within an angle range of more than 180 degrees.
8. Modular workstation, its characterized in that: the workstation is provided with the automatic tool replacing and processing device and the dust collecting device according to claim 1 in a semi-closed type case in an integrated manner, a working platform is arranged in the case based on a three-dimensional frame, and a clamp module is arranged at the center of the working platform, wherein a main three-axis positioning mechanism, a tool warehouse, a switching bracket, an auxiliary two-axis positioning mechanism and a pneumatic chuck are arranged on the periphery above the working platform in a distributed manner; the main controller is connected and accommodated in an electric box which is isolated relative to the back side of the main three-axis positioning mechanism in the case, the dust collecting device comprises a negative pressure fan, a filter cylinder, a plurality of porous plates which are distributed on the peripheries of the dust collecting box and the clamp module, the porous plates and the dust collecting box are connected and enclosed to form an independent isolated dust collecting cavity in the case, the negative pressure fan is connected into the dust collecting cavity through the filter cylinder, and a control switch of the negative pressure fan is connected into the main controller; the top wall of the machine case of the workstation is provided with a plurality of air inlet windows with dustproof cotton and an ion generator, and the bottom side of the rear wall of the machine case is provided with an air exhaust window butted with a negative pressure fan.
9. The modular workstation of claim 1, wherein: silencing cotton is embedded in each side wall of the case.
10. The modular workstation of claim 1, wherein: the workstation is provided with an operation panel and an emergency stop warning lamp which are positioned outside the case for state monitoring and manual programming input, and the operation panel and the emergency stop warning lamp are in butt joint with the main controller through lines.
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| CN201910903281.4A CN110695746A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Automatic change processing tool device and modularization workstation that is applied to thereof |
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| CN201910903281.4A CN110695746A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Automatic change processing tool device and modularization workstation that is applied to thereof |
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| CN113954185B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-07-22 | 无锡南兴装备有限公司 | Numerical control cutting machine capable of changing tools and tool changing method thereof |
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