CN110695380A - Ultrasonic wave air static pressure electricity main shaft - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave air static pressure electricity main shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN110695380A CN110695380A CN201911122869.2A CN201911122869A CN110695380A CN 110695380 A CN110695380 A CN 110695380A CN 201911122869 A CN201911122869 A CN 201911122869A CN 110695380 A CN110695380 A CN 110695380A
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108090000565 Capsid Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a machine tool cutting auxiliary device, in particular to an ultrasonic air static pressure electric spindle. The air bearing comprises an air bearing shell, an air bearing body and a rotating shaft core which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, wherein the air bearing body is fixed in the air bearing shell, the rotating shaft core is rotatably arranged in the air bearing body, and the rotating shaft core can move along the axial direction of the air bearing body; a thrust plate is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft core, the air bearing body comprises a radial bearing body matched with the periphery of the rotating shaft core, an axial rear thrust bearing body matched with one side of the thrust plate and an axial front thrust bearing body matched with the other side of the thrust plate, the radial bearing body, the axial rear thrust bearing body and the axial front thrust bearing body are all made of carbon nanofiber materials with uniform open air holes, and the density of the open air holes is different; the universal tool clamp has the advantages of simple structure and simple control mode, can be butted with a universal tool clamp, and has great economic benefit and popularization and application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machine tool cutting auxiliary device, in particular to an ultrasonic air static pressure electric spindle.
Background
The common form of present traditional ultrasonic wave on machine tool equipment is ultrasonic wave handle of a knife device, includes: the ultrasonic power supply, the transducer, the amplitude transformer, the knife handle and other subsystems. The electric energy is converted into mechanical energy of the tool shank vibrating along the axial direction through the energy converter and the amplitude transformer, so that the tool on the tool shank performs high-frequency vibrating reciprocating feeding grinding (turning) on the workpiece, and a special grinding (turning) effect is achieved.
However, the ultrasonic knife handle device in the prior art has the problems of multiple parts and complex structure, and the knife handle of the ultrasonic knife handle device needs to be specially used, so that the selectable range of the knife is narrow. In the application process, the service life of the main shaft bearing and the precision of the main shaft can be greatly reduced by ultrasonic vibration, the defects of large maintenance amount, high use cost and the like are caused, and the popularization and the application of the ultrasonic in the processing field are greatly restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic pneumatic static pressure electric spindle to overcome the defects of a traditional ultrasonic knife handle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an ultrasonic aerostatic motorized spindle comprises an air bearing shell, an air bearing body and a rotating shaft core which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, wherein the air bearing body is fixed in the air bearing shell, the rotating shaft core is rotatably arranged in the air bearing body, and the rotating shaft core can move along the axial direction of the air bearing body;
a thrust plate is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft core, the air bearing body comprises a radial bearing body matched with the periphery of the rotating shaft core, an axial rear thrust bearing body matched with one side of the thrust plate and an axial front thrust bearing body matched with the other side of the thrust plate, the radial bearing body, the axial rear thrust bearing body and the axial front thrust bearing body are all made of carbon nanofiber materials with uniform open air holes, and the densities of the open air holes of the axial rear thrust bearing body and the axial front thrust bearing body are different;
a first air passage is arranged between the radial bearing body and the air bearing shell and is connected with an air inlet hole formed in the air bearing shell, so that high-pressure air introduced from the air inlet hole can pass through the opening air hole in the radial bearing body and then is filled between the radial bearing body and the rotating shaft core, and a first air film for supporting the rotating shaft core to rotate is formed; a second air passage is arranged between the axial rear thrust bearing body and the air bearing shell, a third air passage is arranged between the axial front thrust bearing body and the air bearing shell, the second air passage and the third air passage are connected with the air inlet hole, so that high-pressure air introduced from the air inlet hole can pass through the opening air holes in the axial rear thrust bearing body and then be filled between the axial rear thrust bearing body and the thrust plate to form a second air film, and then pass through the opening air holes in the axial front thrust bearing body and then be filled between the axial front thrust bearing body and the thrust plate to form a third air film, and the second air film and the third air film generate different thrust forces on two sides of the thrust plate due to different densities of the opening air holes in the axial rear thrust bearing body and the axial front thrust bearing body, so that the thrust plate drives the rotary shaft core to vibrate in the axial direction of the air bearing shell.
Preferably, the number of the first air passages is multiple, the multiple first air passages are all annular and are arranged at the inner peripheral position of the air bearing shell along the circumferential direction, and first air grooves used for communicating all the first air passages are further formed in the air bearing shell along the axial direction of the air bearing shell; the second air passage and the third air passage are both annular and respectively distributed in the circumferential direction of the side plate surface of the thrust plate, the second air passage is connected with the first air groove, and the third air passage is connected with the first air groove through the second air groove arranged in the air bearing shell.
Preferably, the number of the first air passages is three.
Preferably, the air inlet hole is arranged at a position corresponding to the middle part of the rotary shaft core.
Preferably, the air bearing housing comprises a rear housing for receiving the axially rear thrust bearing body and a front housing for receiving the axially front thrust bearing body, the rear housing and the front housing being connected by bolts.
Advantageous effects
The invention relates to an internal structure of an air static pressure electric main shaft, which is internally arranged in the internal structure of the air static pressure electric main shaft, and generates pressure difference in the axial direction of the axis of a rotating shaft core by the matching of a special air circuit structure and a thrust plate, so that the whole rotating shaft core generates axial high-frequency vibration. Specifically, although the rear axial thrust bearing body and the front axial thrust bearing body are both made of carbon nanofiber materials, the density of the opening air holes in the rear axial thrust bearing body and the front axial thrust bearing body is different, so that under the condition that the ventilation air pressure is the same, the pressure generated by the rear axial thrust bearing body and the front axial thrust bearing body on the two sides of the thrust plate is different, pressure difference is generated, and the thrust plate can be pushed to slide towards the weak pressure side together with the rotating shaft core. After sliding for a certain distance, the positions of the thrust plate, the axial rear thrust bearing body and the axial front thrust bearing body are changed, so that the original strong side and the original weak side of the pressure are exchanged, and the thrust plate is pushed to slide in the opposite direction. The reciprocating circulation achieves a dynamic balance state, namely, the tool arranged on the rotating shaft core performs high-frequency vibrating reciprocating feeding grinding (turning) on the workpiece, and the ultrasonic processing requirement of special workpieces is met.
In addition, the ultrasonic transducer is simple in structure, and functional components such as an ultrasonic power supply, a transducer and an amplitude transformer of the traditional ultrasonic wave are omitted. The control mode is simple, and the vibration frequency can be changed only by adjusting the air inlet pressure of the main shaft. The universal tool fixture can be butted, and as the device is arranged in the main shaft, any fixture such as a tool handle, a tool bar, a grinding wheel bar and the like can be used like a normal main shaft. The precision is high, the service life is long, and the precision and the service life are equal to those of an air static pressure (air bearing) electric main shaft because the electric main shaft is arranged in the air static pressure electric main shaft, and the whole rotating shaft of ultrasonic vibration is in an air suspension state without any mechanical contact and abrasion. The use cost is low, and the use cost is low and controllable due to the advantages.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has advanced technology and outstanding performance, can be widely applied to the precision machining industry, and has great economic benefit and popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. the rotary shaft core, 2, the air bearing body, 201, the radial bearing body, 202, axial rear thrust bearing body, 203, axial front thrust bearing body, 3, the air bearing shell, 301, the back casing, 302, the procapsid, 4, the inlet port, 5, first air groove, 6, the thrust plate, 7, the second air groove, 8, the third air flue, 9, the second air flue, 10, the first air flue.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic aerostatic motorized spindle of the present invention includes an air bearing shell 3, an air bearing body 2, and a rotating shaft core 1, which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside. The left end of the rotating shaft core 1 penetrates out of the left side of the air bearing body 2 and is provided with a belt pulley so as to be in transmission connection with the motor through a belt pulley transmission mechanism, and the motor drives the rotating shaft core 1 to rotate. The right end of the rotating shaft core 1 penetrates out of the right side of the air bearing body 2 and is provided with an external thread so as to be convenient for connecting a tool handle, a tool bar, a grinding wheel bar or a matched tool clamp. A circular thrust plate 6 is concentrically fixed at a position of the rotary shaft core 1 near the right end, and high-frequency vibration of the rotary shaft core 1 along the axial direction of the air bearing body 2 is realized through the matching of air flow and the thrust plate 6.
In this embodiment, the air bearing housing 3 and the air bearing body 2 are both T-shaped, and the large end on the right side is arranged corresponding to the thrust plate 6. The air bearing body 2 includes a radial bearing body 201, an axially rear thrust bearing body 202, and an axially front thrust bearing body 203. The radial bearing body 201, the axial rear thrust bearing body 202 and the axial front thrust bearing body 203 are all made of carbon nanofiber materials. The filamentous nanocarbon material has open pores uniformly distributed so that high-pressure air supplied from the outside of the air bearing body 2 can be blown toward both sides of the rotating shaft core 1 and the thrust plate 6 through the open pores. And the air floatation rotation of the rotating shaft core 1 is realized through the action of the radial bearing body 201, the friction between the rotating shaft core and the air bearing body 2 is avoided, and the technical effects of greatly improving the precision and prolonging the service life are achieved. High frequency vibration of the rotary shaft core 1 is achieved by the action of the axially rear thrust bearing body 202 and the axially front thrust bearing body 203. The density of the open pores in the axial rear thrust bearing body 202 and the axial front thrust bearing body 203 is different, so that the pressures generated on the two sides of the thrust plate 6 by the axial rear thrust bearing body 201 and the axial front thrust bearing body 203 are different, and the thrust plate 6 is pushed by the pressure difference to drive the rotating shaft core 1 to axially move. In the moving process, the pressure difference strength of two sides is changed due to the change of the relative position of the thrust plate 6, so that the balance state that the thrust plate 6 drives the rotating shaft core 1 to axially vibrate at high frequency is achieved.
The air path structure for realizing air flotation and vibration of the rotating shaft core 1 and the thrust plate 6 in this embodiment is as follows: three first air ducts 10 which are annular and distributed along the inner peripheral direction of the air bearing shell 3 are uniformly arranged at intervals at the position of the air bearing shell 3 corresponding to the rotating shaft core 1. A first air groove 5 connected with three first air passages 10 is formed in the air bearing shell 3 along the axial direction of the air bearing shell, and the first air groove 5 is connected with an air inlet hole formed in the middle of the air bearing shell 3. The position of the air bearing shell 3 corresponding to one side of the axial rear thrust bearing body 202 is provided with a second air passage 9 which is annular and is distributed along the circumferential direction of the surface of the thrust plate 6, and the second air passage 9 is connected with the first air groove 5. The position of the air bearing shell 3 corresponding to one side of the axial forward thrust bearing body 203 is provided with a third air passage 9 which is annular and is distributed along the circumferential direction of the surface of the thrust plate 6, and the third air passage 8 is connected with the first air groove 5 through a second air groove 7 arranged in the air bearing shell 3. So that after the air inlet holes 4 are connected to a high-pressure air source through hoses, the high-pressure air is respectively introduced into the radial bearing body 201, the axial rear thrust bearing body 202 and the axial front thrust bearing body 203 through the corresponding air grooves and air passages. And then, the air holes of the radial bearing body 201, the axial rear thrust bearing body 202 and the axial front thrust bearing body 203 blow to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft core 1 and two side surfaces of the thrust plate 6, so that the air floatation of the rotating shaft core 1 and the reciprocating vibration of the thrust plate 6 are realized. The vibration frequency of the rotary shaft core 1 can be controlled to be 2-4KHz by adjusting the air inlet pressure, and the vibration amplitude is changed within the range of 1-3 um.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate disassembly and maintenance, the air bearing housing 3 includes an upper housing 301 for accommodating the rear axial thrust bearing body 201 and a lower housing 302 for accommodating the front axial thrust bearing body 203, and the upper housing 301 and the lower housing 302 are connected by bolts.
Claims (5)
1. An ultrasonic wave air static pressure electricity main shaft which characterized in that: the air bearing device comprises an air bearing shell (3), an air bearing body (2) and a rotating shaft core (1) which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, wherein the air bearing body (2) is fixed in the air bearing shell (3), the rotating shaft core (1) is rotatably arranged in the air bearing body (2), and the rotating shaft core (1) can move along the axial direction of the air bearing body (2);
a thrust plate (6) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft core (1), the air bearing body (2) comprises a radial bearing body (201) matched with the periphery of the rotating shaft core (1), an axial rear thrust bearing body (202) matched with one side of the thrust plate (6) and an axial front thrust bearing body (203) matched with the other side of the thrust plate (6), the radial bearing body (201), the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and the axial front thrust bearing body (203) are all made of carbon nanofiber materials with uniform opening air holes, and the densities of the opening air holes of the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and the axial front thrust bearing body (203) are different;
a first air channel (10) is arranged between the radial bearing body (201) and the air bearing shell (3), and the first air channel (10) is connected with an air inlet hole (4) formed in the air bearing shell (3), so that high-pressure air introduced from the air inlet hole (4) can pass through an opening air hole in the radial bearing body (201) and then is filled between the radial bearing body (201) and the rotating shaft core (1) to form a first air film for supporting the rotating shaft core (1) to rotate; a second air channel (9) is arranged between the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and the air bearing shell (3), a third air channel (8) is arranged between the axial front thrust bearing body (203) and the air bearing shell (3), the second air channel (9) and the third air channel (8) are connected with the air inlet hole (4), so that high-pressure air introduced from the air inlet hole (4) can pass through an opening air hole on the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and then be filled between the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and the thrust plate (6) to form a second air film, and then the high-pressure air can pass through an opening air hole on the axial front thrust bearing body (203) and then be filled between the axial front thrust bearing body (203) and the thrust plate (6) to form a third air film, and the second air film and the third air film generate different thrust forces to two sides of the thrust plate (6) due to different densities of the opening air holes in the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and the axial front thrust bearing body (203), thereby inducing the high-frequency vibration of the thrust plate (6) driving the rotating shaft core (1) along the axial direction of the air bearing shell (3).
2. An ultrasonic aerostatic motorized spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the first air passages (10) is multiple, the multiple first air passages (10) are all annular and are arranged at the inner peripheral position of the air bearing shell (3) along the circumferential direction, and first air grooves (5) used for communicating all the first air passages (10) are also formed in the air bearing shell (3) along the axial direction of the air bearing shell (3); second air flue (9) and third air flue (8) are the annular and correspond the circumference distribution of thrust plate (6) side face respectively, and second air flue (9) link to each other with first air duct (5), and third air flue (8) link to each other with first air duct (5) through opening second air duct (7) in air bearing shell (3).
3. An ultrasonic aerostatic motorized spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the first air passages (10) is three.
4. An ultrasonic aerostatic motorized spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet (4) is arranged at the position corresponding to the middle part of the rotary shaft core (1).
5. An ultrasonic aerostatic motorized spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air bearing shell (3) comprises a rear shell (301) used for accommodating the axial rear thrust bearing body (202) and a front shell (302) used for accommodating the axial front thrust bearing body (203), and the rear shell (301) and the front shell (302) are connected through bolts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911122869.2A CN110695380B (en) | 2019-11-16 | 2019-11-16 | Ultrasonic air static pressure motorized spindle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911122869.2A CN110695380B (en) | 2019-11-16 | 2019-11-16 | Ultrasonic air static pressure motorized spindle |
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| CN110695380A true CN110695380A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
| CN110695380B CN110695380B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911122869.2A Active CN110695380B (en) | 2019-11-16 | 2019-11-16 | Ultrasonic air static pressure motorized spindle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116117190A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-low head boring bar system |
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| JPH11159533A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-06-15 | Ntn Corp | Hydro static bearing support guide roller |
| CN103286679A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-11 | 东南大学 | Super high speed air bearing electric main shaft |
| CN106763191A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 李记东 | A kind of air-bearing |
| CN108344573A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of Aerostatic thrust bearing high speed performance test system and test method |
| CN108380910A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-10 | 唐德祥 | Air suspension formula ultrasound high-speed motorized spindles |
| CN108941623A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-12-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of composite throttling formula static pressure air-bearing electro spindle |
| CN109882506A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-14 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of aerostatic bearing structure reducing air film micro-vibration |
| CN110094425A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-06 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | A kind of static pressure air-bearing axial bearing |
| CN110340383A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-10-18 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of High-precision air floatation electric main shaft of automatic tool changer |
| CN211135552U (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-07-31 | 洛阳传顺机械设备有限公司 | Ultrasonic wave air static pressure electricity main shaft |
-
2019
- 2019-11-16 CN CN201911122869.2A patent/CN110695380B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11159533A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-06-15 | Ntn Corp | Hydro static bearing support guide roller |
| CN103286679A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-11 | 东南大学 | Super high speed air bearing electric main shaft |
| CN106763191A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 李记东 | A kind of air-bearing |
| CN108941623A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-12-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of composite throttling formula static pressure air-bearing electro spindle |
| CN108380910A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-10 | 唐德祥 | Air suspension formula ultrasound high-speed motorized spindles |
| CN108344573A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of Aerostatic thrust bearing high speed performance test system and test method |
| CN109882506A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-14 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of aerostatic bearing structure reducing air film micro-vibration |
| CN110340383A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-10-18 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of High-precision air floatation electric main shaft of automatic tool changer |
| CN110094425A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-06 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | A kind of static pressure air-bearing axial bearing |
| CN211135552U (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-07-31 | 洛阳传顺机械设备有限公司 | Ultrasonic wave air static pressure electricity main shaft |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116117190A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-low head boring bar system |
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| CN110695380B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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