CN110693924A - Microwave-assisted extraction process of nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp - Google Patents
Microwave-assisted extraction process of nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp Download PDFInfo
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- CN110693924A CN110693924A CN201910959741.5A CN201910959741A CN110693924A CN 110693924 A CN110693924 A CN 110693924A CN 201910959741 A CN201910959741 A CN 201910959741A CN 110693924 A CN110693924 A CN 110693924A
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- tangutorum bobr
- nitraria tangutorum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave-assisted extraction process of nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp, which is to remove pedicles of nitraria tangutorum bobr, clean and dry the nitraria tangutorum bobr; putting the cleaned nitraria tangutorum bobr into a crusher to be crushed, and then homogenizing the crushed nitraria tangutorum bobr into slurry by a homogenizer; adding a certain amount of extracting solution into the slurry, performing microwave extraction in a sealed container, centrifuging, and filtering to obtain filtrate; distilling the filtrate to obtain Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp. The method adopts microwave-assisted extraction of various active ingredients in the nitraria tangutorum bobr, has simple and easy operation steps, and does not introduce pollution; by selecting the most appropriate temperature and time, setting the power and time of microwave-assisted extraction and forming the wall breaking effect of cells through microwave heating, the nutritional ingredients are purified, the yield is improved, and the purity of the product is ensured; through reduced pressure and low temperature heating distillation, the influence of high temperature on active ingredients is effectively prevented, the texture of pulp is not influenced, and the method has strong practicability and wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp, and in particular relates to a microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp.
Background
The nitraria tangutorum bobr belongs to the genus nitraria and the family Zygophyllaceae, and is a multi-branch saline-alkali-resistant droughty type short shrub. Nitraria sibirica pall is usually grown in salinization areas in desert regions and has the physiological characteristics of drought resistance, high temperature resistance, strong water retention capacity and the like. The white thorns are excellent sand-fixing shrub plants in the sand areas of China and are important research objects in wind and sand protection. The fruits are oval like soybean grains, are dark red or orange yellow after being ripened, can be directly eaten, are called desert cherries and are called third-class fruits.
The nitraria tangutorum bobr has rich resources and wide distribution, and is wild in the places of Zhangjiakou, Tianjin, Cangzhou and the like in the northwest desert area of China and the coastal areas of North China and northeast China. According to statistics, the nitraria tangutorum bobr basins are distributed in pollution-free areas with the altitude of more than 3000 m, 6-10 ten thousand tons of nitraria tangutorum bobr can be produced every year, and the method has great development value. There are records as early as in compendium of materia Medica: bai Ci has pungent, cold and nontoxic flavor, and can treat swelling and abscess, promote pus discharge, tonify kidney qi and replenish essence and marrow.
But the people really began to pay attention to the nutritional value of the nitraria tangutorum bobr after the 90 s of the 20 th century. Researches show that the content of crude protein in the nitraria tangutorum bobr is 10.6-14.4%, the content of fat and fruit oil in pulp accounts for 3.5%, the content of vitamin also reaches 7.8-18.3%, more importantly, the nitraria tangutorum bobr also contains abundant nutrient substances such as protein, fat, sugar and the like, and the content of flavone reaches 1.1-1.9%.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a convenient and low-cost extraction process which can retain the nutritive value of the nitraria tangutorum bobr to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a microwave-assisted extraction process which effectively retains the active ingredients of nitraria tangutorum bobr and ensures the pulp texture.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp comprises the following steps:
s1, removing pedicels of the nitraria tangutorum bobr, cleaning and drying in the air;
s2, crushing the cleaned nitraria tangutorum bobr in a crusher, and homogenizing the crushed nitraria tangutorum bobr into slurry by a homogenizer;
s3, adding a certain amount of extracting solution into the slurry, performing microwave extraction in a sealed container, centrifuging and filtering to obtain filtrate;
s4, distilling the filtrate to obtain Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp.
The cleaning in the step S1 includes cleaning before pedicle removal and cleaning after pedicle removal;
the cleaning after removing the pedicles comprises washing with running water and then washing with deionized water.
The extracting solution in the step S3 includes ethanol with a component ratio of 9: 1: and (3) water.
The liquid-to-liquid ratio of the extract to the slurry in the step S3 is 20 to 30 (L): 10 (kg).
Microwave extraction in the above step S3: the extraction temperature is 30-40 ℃, the extraction time is 10-20min, and the microwave power is 500-650 w.
Microwave extraction in the above step S3: the extraction temperature is 30 deg.C, the extraction time is 10min, and the microwave power is 600 w.
The distillation in the above step S4 was carried out under reduced pressure at a temperature of 15 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the microwave-assisted extraction process of the Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp, the microwave thought thermal characteristic is utilized, the pretreated Nitraria tangutorum bobr molecules are rotated at a high speed in a dielectric loss mode, the temperature is promoted to be increased, then ionized substances are subjected to ultrahigh-speed movement through ion conduction, and a thermal effect is formed through friction. Meanwhile, polar substances such as water in cells absorb microwaves through microwave radiation, so that the temperature in the cells rises, cell membranes and cell walls break original constraints through pressure generated by vaporization of liquid water, a plurality of tiny holes are formed, the effect of breaking the walls is achieved, effective components can better flow out and dissolve in the solution, and further separation is facilitated.
The method adopts microwave-assisted extraction of various active ingredients in the nitraria tangutorum bobr, has simple and easy operation steps, and does not introduce pollution in the process; by selecting the most appropriate temperature and time and setting the power and time of microwave-assisted extraction, the yield is improved and the purity of the product is ensured; the distillation mode of reduced pressure and low temperature heating can effectively prevent the influence of high temperature on active ingredients, does not influence the texture of pulp, and has strong practicability and wide applicability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
A microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of pretreating the nitraria tangutorum bobr (S1) → dry crushing (S2) → microwave extraction (S31) → filtration (S32) → distillation under reduced pressure (S4) → finished product.
S1, cleaning the nitraria tangutorum bobr, removing stems, washing floating dust with running water, washing with deionized water, draining with gauze, and drying for later use.
S2, placing the cleaned nitraria tangutorum bobr into a pulverizer to pulverize at the low temperature of 2000-3500r/min for 30-50min, then sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and homogenizing with a homogenizer at the rotation speed of 2000-3500r/min for 30-50min for later use.
S31, adding the mixture into the smashed nitraria tangutorum bobr uniform pulp, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture is 20-30: adding 10L/kg of the extract at 30-40 deg.C, sealing the container, microwave extracting for 10-20min at power of 500-650w, and taking out the product.
The extracting solution comprises ethanol and water with the component ratio of 9: 1.
S32, adding distilled water into the product obtained in the step S31, wherein the ratio of the distilled water to the nitraria tangutorum bobr homogenate is 5 (L): 1(kg), placing the mixture into a centrifuge for centrifugation and filtration, and reserving filtrate for later use.
S4, distillation: heating the filtrate at 15 deg.C under reduced pressure, and removing solvent to obtain Nitraria tangutorum bobr flesh.
Examples 1 to 6:
the foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, removing pedicels of the nitraria tangutorum bobr, cleaning and drying in the air;
s2, crushing the cleaned nitraria tangutorum bobr in a crusher, and homogenizing the crushed nitraria tangutorum bobr into slurry by a homogenizer;
s3, adding a certain amount of extracting solution into the slurry, performing microwave extraction in a sealed container, centrifuging and filtering to obtain filtrate;
s4, distilling the filtrate to obtain Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp.
2. The microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the washing in step S1 includes washing before pedicle removal and washing after pedicle removal;
the cleaning after removing the pedicles comprises washing with running water and then washing with deionized water.
3. The microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extraction solution in the step S3 comprises ethanol with a component ratio of 9: 1: and (3) water.
4. The microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid-to-liquid ratio of the extraction liquid to the pulp in step S3 is 20-30 (L): 10 (kg).
5. The microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave extraction in step S3 is: the extraction temperature is 30-40 ℃, the extraction time is 10-20min, and the microwave power is 500-650 w.
6. The microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria pulp as claimed in claim 5, wherein the microwave extraction in step S3 is: the extraction temperature is 30 deg.C, the extraction time is 10min, and the microwave power is 600 w.
7. The microwave-assisted extraction process of Nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distillation in step S4 is a reduced pressure distillation at a temperature of 15 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910959741.5A CN110693924A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Microwave-assisted extraction process of nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp |
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| CN201910959741.5A CN110693924A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Microwave-assisted extraction process of nitraria tangutorum bobr pulp |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104987428A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Compound enzyme-microwave extraction method for optimizing Nitraria polysaccharide by response surface methodology |
| CN105213442A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 青海尤尼克生物技术有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Nitraria schoberi extractive of general flavone and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-10-10 CN CN201910959741.5A patent/CN110693924A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104987428A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Compound enzyme-microwave extraction method for optimizing Nitraria polysaccharide by response surface methodology |
| CN105213442A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 青海尤尼克生物技术有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Nitraria schoberi extractive of general flavone and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张兆旺: "《中药药剂学》", 31 March 2017, 中国中医药出版社 * |
| 罗永明: "《中药化学成分提取分离技术与方法》", 31 January 2016, 上海科学技术出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20200117 |