CN110692567A - Simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage and using method thereof - Google Patents
Simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
- A01K61/53—Baskets therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/10—Cleaning bottoms or walls of ponds or receptacles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
A simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage and a using method thereof belong to the field of precious marine product culture, and comprise a culture net cage main body system, a feeding system and a cleaning system. The cleaning system and the bait casting system are independent matched devices and are respectively used for cleaning and feeding baits. The inside bait district and the breed district of being divided into of aquaculture net cage main part system, the handing-over department in two districts is separated through cylindric plastic net that has mesh A, is provided with compressor arrangement in the bait district for realize the compression function to bait. After the bait is thrown, the compression device expands to enable the bait area to be in an expansion state, the bait is tightly pressed on the plastic net, and the organisms obtain the bait through the meshes A; when the cleaning system cleans the residual bait or the rotten bait, the compression device contracts to enable the bait area to be in a contraction state for cleaning. The invention greatly simplifies the operation and management process and improves the culture efficiency; for the cultured organisms, the feeding efficiency is high, and the morbidity and mortality of the organisms can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of precious marine product culture, relates to precious marine product culture equipment, and particularly relates to a net cage for raft culture of abalones and sea urchins at sea.
Background
The abalone and the sea urchin both belong to rare sea products, are rich in protein, fatty acid, vitamin and other nutrient elements necessary for human bodies, are delicious in taste and are deeply loved by people. The demand of the market for abalone and sea urchin greatly promotes the development of the industry.
At present, raft culture on the sea is the main culture mode of abalones and sea urchins in China. Under the culture mode, the existing raft culture technology of abalones and sea urchins adopts a specially-made combined culture net cage (commonly called an abalones cage) or a flexible multi-layer culture net cage (commonly called a scallop cage) which is hung in various floating bodies, and large algae such as kelp, asparagus, undaria pinnatifida and the like are fed for culture. Wherein the abalone cage is made of PVC plastic and is formed by combining a plurality of layers of plastic boxes with similar structures, the body surface of the abalone cage is provided with holes of 6mm, and each layer of plastic boxes needs to be opened for feeding food independently; the scallop cage is composed of polyethylene mesh sheets, is divided into a plurality of layers by circular or square plastic plates, the edge of the scallop cage penetrates through a zipper, and the scallop cage is fed with food after the zipper is opened.
In actual production, the cages need to be lifted from the sea and placed on ships to feed baits or perform other operations, and then are placed back to the sea to continue cultivation. The existing cultivation facilities all have the following problems:
and (3) manual management: 1) extremely consume physical power: when the cage is lifted from the sea and placed on a ship, a large amount of seawater in the cage cannot be discharged in time, so that the weight of the cage is further increased. Therefore, two workers are generally required to simultaneously operate to lift the workpiece in production. 2) Difficulty in bait feeding/residual bait cleaning: the bait and the living beings are mixed together, so that the rotten bait is extremely difficult to clean, and the living beings are easily damaged by forced cleaning. 3) The production efficiency is low: two workers in production can only manage about 150 cages a day.
For the cultured organisms: 1) the activity space is little: when sufficient bait is fed, the abalone or sea urchin is squeezed in a narrow space because the abalone or sea urchin is not separated from the bait, and the density is too high, so that the growth of organisms is greatly influenced. 2) Poor feeding environment: for rotten bait, if not cleaned in time, the organisms will be forced to eat the rotten bait, which is one of the main causes of illness and death of the organisms. 3) The water quality is quickly deteriorated: the excrement, the rotten bait and the biological corpses are pushed in the cage, bacteria are easy to breed, the water quality is easy to deteriorate, and the death rate is extremely high particularly in the high-temperature period in summer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a simple and efficient marine raft type net cage and a using method thereof to overcome the defects of the technology. The invention provides a novel high-efficiency aquaculture net cage which is simple in structure and operation method and is provided according to long-term research of aquaculture front lines and repeated observation and experiment of organisms. For manual management, management operation is greatly simplified, physical strength of cultivation workers is saved, a large amount of labor cost and time cost are saved, and cultivation working efficiency is higher; for the cultured organisms, the living environment is good, the cultured organisms have larger activity space and ingest healthier baits, the ingestion efficiency is high, the organisms grow rapidly, and the occurrence of diseases is greatly reduced, so that the death rate is reduced (by utilizing the active foraging behavior of the organisms and the selective phenomenon of fresh and rotten baits, the quality of the baits ingested by the organisms is ensured, and the morbidity and the mortality of the organisms can be greatly reduced).
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage comprises a culture net cage main body system, a feeding system and a cleaning system. The cleaning system and the bait feeding system are matched devices, are independent of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage and are respectively used for cleaning and feeding baits. The interior of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage is divided into a bait area 1 and a culture area 2, the joint of the two areas is separated by a cylindrical plastic net 3 with meshes A10, and an I-shaped bulge 21 is arranged at the upper end of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage.
The bait area 1 is cylindrical, the diameter is 13-16cm, the height is 70-80cm, and effective bait supply can be guaranteed. The culture area 2 surrounds the bait area 1, is a biological culture area and is a non-penetrating part of the abalone cage. Be provided with compressor arrangement in bait district 1, can expand or contract as required, realize the compression function to bait: after the bait is thrown, the bait needs to be compressed, the compression device expands to enable the bait area 1 to be in an expansion state, the bait is tightly pressed on the plastic net 3, and the organisms obtain the bait through the meshes A10; when the cleaning system cleans up the residual bait or the rotten bait, the compression device contracts to enable the bait area 1 to be in a contraction state for cleaning.
The breeding area 2 is surrounded around the bait area 1 and is composed of small net cages with the same multilayer structure. The small net cage is made of plastic, the middle part of the small net cage is of an open through structure, the upper part and the lower part of the small net cage are made of solid plastic, and the surface of the small net cage is provided with a plurality of 4-8mm mesh holes B8 for water quality exchange. A small door 22 is arranged on the side surface of the small net cage and can be opened flexibly; little box with a net 2 inside is provided with a large amount of soft plastic boards 9 and creeps the passageway as the biology, plays the effect that supplementary biology leads to bait district 1 (the plastic sheet is convenient for biological three-dimensional activity, and the effectual breed area that has utilized provides many passageways for going to bait district 1, further improves the efficiency of ingesting). Organisms may spontaneously take on an active foraging and selective feeding action to feed the compressed food in the bait station 1 through the plastic mesh B8. The rotting bait organisms can be actively prevented from foraging, so that the quality of the baits ingested by the organisms is ensured, and diseases caused by the quality problem of the baits are avoided to a great extent.
The plastic net 3 is used for separating the bait area 1 from the culture area 2. The plastic net 3 has firm hardness, and is not easy to be bitten by organisms and broken to cause organism loss. The plastic net 3 has a large number of 3-6cm meshes A10, and organisms can easily feed compressed food in the bait station 1 through the meshes A10.
Two handles 11 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage and used for lifting the net cage from seawater by workers. The other side of the upper end of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage is provided with a circular ring 12 with the diameter of about 3-6cm, and during production operation, daily cleaning management operation can be carried out only by lifting a part of the net cage from the sea and then hanging the circular ring 12 on a long nail which is arranged on a ship body in advance. Meanwhile, the long rope 23 is fixed on the circular ring 12 and the handle 11, and the net cage is suspended under the floating body through the long rope 23 for raft culture on the sea. A proper amount of falling stones 24 are arranged at the lower end of the cage main body, so that the stability of the aquaculture net cage in water is guaranteed.
The cleaning system is independent of the main body of the aquaculture net cage, is operated independently, and can conveniently and quickly clean residual or rotten baits to ensure that the water quality is not easily damaged. Comprises a cleaning plate 13 made of solid plastic, a round tube 14 and a handle 15 arranged at the top of the round tube 14. Cleaning plate 13 is the ring structure, fixes at pipe 14 lower extreme, and the size setting makes it can laminate bait district 1 just (cleaning plate 13 external diameter is the same with 3 internal diameters of plastic mesh), and cleaning plate 13 can go deep into in the plastic mesh 3, clears up the incomplete bait in bait district 1.
The feeding system is independent of the main body of the aquaculture net cage, is operated independently, is a system for feeding baits efficiently, and can greatly improve the efficiency and effect of bait replacement. The bait casting system is cylindrical and comprises an outer part and an inner part. The outer part is formed by embedding a movable semicircular pipe 16 and an immovable semicircular pipe 17, the movable semicircular pipe 16 and the immovable semicircular pipe 17 are both in a semicircular cylindrical structure, the movable semicircular pipe and the immovable semicircular pipe 17 form a cylindrical main body structure, a circular handle 19 is arranged at the end part of the cylindrical main body structure, and a detachable material pushing plate 18 is installed. The interior is a circular plastic tube 25, the diameter of which is slightly larger than that of the compression device when the compression device is contracted, so that the bait casting system can be embedded and extend into the bait area 1 for later operation. The bait loading area 20 is defined as the cavity area between the outer cylindrical body structure and the inner circular plastic tube 25. The bait casting system comprises the following specific operation steps: 1. the movable round tube 16 is disassembled to expose the bait filling area 20 inside; 2. after bait is placed in the loading area 20 in advance on the ship, the moving circular tube 16 is reset and is fixedly connected with the material pushing plate 18; 3. after the cleaning system removes the residual baits in the bait area 1 (the bait area 1 is still kept in a contraction state), slowly feeding the bait feeding system into the bait area 1; 4. the bait pushing plate 18 in the bait system is fixed on the I-shaped bulge 21 at the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, the circular handle 19 is held to pull the bait casting system upwards, and the bait is prevented from being displaced reversely when the bait system moves upwards due to the fact that the bait pushing plate 18 is fixed, so that the function of guiding the bait into the bait area 1 at one time is achieved, and bait supply required by multilayer aquaculture net cage organisms is guaranteed.
A simple, convenient and efficient use method of a marine raft culture net cage comprises the following steps:
firstly, organisms to be cultured are placed in a culture area 2 of a marine raft culture net cage, specifically, the organisms (abalones and sea urchins) are placed in each small net cage through a small door 22.
Secondly, make the compression device in bait district 1 be in the contraction state, put into bait district 1 through the system of feeding, make the compression device in bait district 1 be in the expansion state again, sticiss bait on plastic mesh 3, and the biology obtains bait through mesh A10 on plastic mesh 3.
Thirdly, after a period of time, the bait needs to be replaced, and is firstly filled into the bait casting system on the ship in advance. Lifting the net cage for marine raft culture from the sea, and hanging the net cage on the hull through a side ring 12 of a main system of the culture net cage; the compression device in the bait area 1 is in a contraction state, and the cleaning device slowly enters the bait area 1 to clean residual and putrefactive baits; putting the bait casting system into the bait area 1 on the ship, and introducing all the baits required by the organisms at one time; the compression device in the bait area 1 is in an expansion state, and the bait is tightly pressed on the plastic net 3; and taking the net cage down from the ship body, and putting the net cage back to the sea to continue the culture operation.
Further, the compressing device includes, but is not limited to, an air bag compressing device, a gear compressing device, and the like. The description of the air bag compression device is given by way of example: the air bag compression device comprises an inner circular tube 4 with the diameter of 6-8cm, an air bag 5 with the diameter of 14-16cm and a fixing band 6, wherein an air valve 7 is arranged at the top of the air bag 5 and used for inflating and deflating air. The inner circular tube 4 and the air bag 5 are both cylindrical, the inner circular tube 4 is arranged inside the air bag 5, only the lower end of the inner circular tube is bonded with the air bag, and the air bag is not influenced to be inflated and deflated as a whole. The fixing belt 6 is attached to the lower end of the air bag 5, so that the whole air bag can be fixed in the breeding net box, and the compression device can be kept stable in water. The bait area 1 is divided into two states according to the compression condition of the bait, wherein the two states are a contraction state and an expansion state, and the bait is thrown outside the air bag 5. The gas of gasbag 5 is all emptied when the shrink state, does not produce the compression effect to bait, facilitates the use clean system and clears up incomplete bait or rotten bait. Use during the expansion state to inflate gasbag 5 with the gas charging bottle, tightly press bait on plastic net 3 through the inflation of gasbag 5, the biology of being convenient for acquires bait. The inner circular tube 4 plays a supporting role for the air bag in the contraction state of the air bag and when the air bag is completely emptied, and provides conditions for clearing up residual baits, feeding and other operations. When the cleaning device is used for cleaning, all gas in the air exhaust bag 5 ensures that the bait area 1 is in a contraction state, the cleaning system is slowly put into the bait area 1, thrust is generated by the downward extrusion of the bait through the cleaning plate 13, and the residual bait can be cleaned to the sea from the cultivation net cage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the operation management, the management operation is greatly simplified, corresponding cleaning and bait casting work can be carried out only by hanging the cage on the ship body, the physical power of cultivation workers is saved, a large amount of labor cost and time cost are saved, and the cultivation work efficiency is higher. The cleaning system and the bait feeding system which are independently operated are matched, so that the residual bait in the breeding net cage can be cleaned at one time, fresh bait can be efficiently added, and the bait supply and sanitation are guaranteed.
(2) In the aspect of biological cultivation, as the bait area and the cultivation area in the net cage are separated, the biological activity space is enlarged, and the good living environment is ensured. The biological feeding efficiency is high, the growth is rapid, and the food in the bait area 1 can be obtained through active foraging and selective feeding. Partial rotten baits can be actively prevented from foraging, so that the quality of the baits ingested by organisms is ensured, and the ill phenomenon caused by the quality problem of the baits is avoided to a great extent.
Meanwhile, the invention can be changed on the basis of a standard abalone cage, has extremely low material modification cost and is suitable for large-scale popularization to aquatic enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a novel high-efficiency marine raft culture net cage and a using method thereof;
fig. 2 is an overall schematic view of a simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a raft-type culture net cage at sea with high efficiency
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bait zone;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a single-layer cultivation area;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cleaning system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a feeding system;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the bait casting system;
in the figure: 1, a bait area; 2, a culture area; 3, plastic net; 4, an inner circular tube; 5, air bags; 6 fixing the belt; 7, an air valve; 8, mesh B; 9 a soft plastic plate; 10 mesh A; 11 a handle A; 12, a circular ring; 13 cleaning the plate; 14 round tubes; 15 a handle B; 16 a movable semi-circular tube; 17 immovable semicircular tube; 18 a pusher plate; 19 a circular handle; 20 bait filling area; 21 'I' shaped protrusion; 22 small doors; 23 long ropes; 24, a falling stone; 25 round plastic tube.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing the use of a simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage. The main operating method of the present invention will now be described as follows: 1) lifting the net cage for marine raft culture from the middle part of the sea, and hanging the net cage on a ship body through a side ring 12 of a main system of the culture net cage; 2) the air in the air bag 5 is emptied to ensure that the bait area 1 is in a contraction state; 3) a cleaning device is slowly inserted into the bait area 1 to clean the residual and putrefactive baits; 4) the bait is filled into the bait casting system in advance on the ship, the bait casting system is placed into the bait area 1 on the ship, and all the bait required by organisms is introduced at one time; 5) the air bag 5 is inflated by using an inflation tank, so that the bait area 1 is ensured to be in an expansion state, and the compression of the bait is realized; 6) and taking the net cage down from the ship body, and putting the net cage back to the sea to continue the culture operation.
Fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of a simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage, which comprises a culture net cage main body system, a feeding system and a cleaning system, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage. The novel efficient aquaculture net cage main body is divided into a bait area 1 and an aquaculture area 2 based on changes made on the basis of a commercially available abalone cage. The bait area 1 is cylindrical and is formed by penetrating through the middle part of the abalone cage from top to bottom, the diameter is 15cm, and the height is 72 cm. The bait area 1 can supply the bait for all the organisms in the aquaculture net cage at one time. The culture area 2 surrounds the bait area 1, serves as a biological culture area, is a part of the abalone cage which does not penetrate through, and consists of small net cages 2 with similar multilayer structures. At the joint of the bait area 1 and the culture area 2, a cylindrical plastic net 3 with meshes separates the two areas, the diameter of the plastic net is 14cm, the height of the plastic net is 72cm, and the diameter of the meshes is 3 cm. The cleaning system and the bait feeding system are matched devices, are independent of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage, and play a role in cleaning and feeding baits.
Fig. 4 shows that bait district 1 in marine raft culture net case of simple and efficient is provided with compressor arrangement, specifically is through gasbag compressor arrangement includes interior pipe 4, gasbag 5, fixed band 6. The diameter of the inner circular tube 4 is about 6cm, and the height is 70 cm; the balloon 5 is cylindrical with a diameter of about 13cm and a height of 72 cm. Is made of solid plastic leather bags. The inner circular tube 4 is arranged inside the air bag 5, only the lower end of the inner circular tube is bonded with the air bag 5, and the air bag 5 is not influenced to be inflated and deflated as a whole. The air bag 5 is independently inflated and deflated through an air valve 7 arranged at the upper end. Six fixing belts 6 are tied at the lower end of the air bag 5, and the whole air bag 5 can be fixed in the bait area 1 in the breeding net cage. Bait district 1 divide into two kinds of states according to the compression condition to bait: a contracted state and an expanded state. During the shrink state, the gas of gasbag 5 is all by the evacuation, can not produce the compression effect to bait, facilitates the use clean system and clears up incomplete bait or rotten bait. In order to realize the expansion state, the air bag 5 can be inflated by using an inflation bottle, and the bait put into the bait area 1 is tightly pressed on the plastic net through the expansion effect of the air bag 5 so as to facilitate foraging of the bait by organisms. The gas quantity of the inner circular tube 4 is inconvenient to maintain in production, and the gas quantity should be checked in time when in use.
Fig. 5 shows the cultivation area in the main body system of the simple and efficient marine raft type cultivation net cage. The breeding area 2 surrounds the bait area 1 and is formed by overlapping 6 layers of small net cages 2 with the same structure. The height of the small net cage 2 is 12cm, the middle of the small net cage is communicated with a part of the bait area 1, and a plurality of 6mm meshes B8 are arranged on the periphery of the small net cage, so that the small net cage has good water permeability and is convenient for water quality exchange. The small door 22 arranged on the side surface of the small net cage 1 can be opened flexibly, thereby facilitating daily inspection, cleaning dead biological corpses and the like at any time. Due to the low-grade nature of the cultured organisms, the functions of automatic 'detour', 'turning over' and the like are not provided, the local aggregation phenomenon is easily caused, and the ingestion efficiency and the culture effect of the sea urchins are influenced. Therefore, a large number of soft plastic plates 9 which are intersected horizontally and vertically are arranged in the small net cage 2, and the tail end of the small net cage is connected with the bait area 1. The flexible plastic board 9 not only effectively separates the living things and avoids the phenomenon of local aggregation, but also serves as a creeping channel to assist the living things to enter the bait area 1. Researches find that aquatic organisms such as abalones and sea urchins can actively seek food and selectively feed food spontaneously, and rotten food organisms can be actively avoided. The invention can ensure that the living beings ingest healthy bait, avoids the disease of the living beings caused by the quality problem of the bait to a great extent, and greatly improves the survival rate and the growth speed of the living beings.
As shown in fig. 2, a cylindrical plastic net 3 is arranged in the simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage main body system and is used for separating a bait zone 1 from a culture zone 2. Not only ensures that the organisms can not be mixed with the bait, provides a better living environment for the organisms, reduces the breeding density, but also ensures that the organisms can not be forced to ingest the rotten and deteriorated bait, and is also beneficial to the exchange and circulation of water quality. The plastic net 3 has firm hardness, and is not easy to be bitten by organisms and broken to cause organism loss. The plastic net 3 is provided with a large number of 3cm meshes A10, and organisms can easily eat the compressed food in the bait area 1 through the meshes A10, thereby ensuring the supply of the food. Novel high-efficient breed net case main part upper end is provided with two solid handles 11 of symmetry, makes things convenient for the workman to operate the breed net case. The upper end of the net cage is provided with a firm plastic ring 12 with the diameter of about 4cm, and during production operation, daily clean bait casting and other operations can be carried out only by lifting a part of the net cage from the sea and then hanging the ring 12 on long nails which are arranged on a ship body in advance. Greatly reduces the physical consumption of workers, improves the production efficiency and saves a large amount of manpower and material resources. Meanwhile, long ropes 23 are fixed on the circular ring 12 and the handle, and the net cage is suspended below the floating body through the long ropes 23 for marine raft culture. A proper amount of falling stones 24 are arranged at the lower end of the cage main body, so that partial buoyancy generated by the air bag to the net cage is counteracted, and the stability of the aquaculture net cage in water is guaranteed.
Figure 6 shows a cleaning system. The cleaning device is independent of the main body of the aquaculture net cage, is operated independently and is a matched device for efficiently cleaning residual baits. The cleaning device consists of a cleaning plate 13 arranged at the bottom of a round tube 14, the round tube 14 and a handle 15 arranged at the top of the round tube 14. The cleaning plate 13 is fixed at the lower end of the circular tube 14 and is made of solid plastic. The size setting makes it can laminate just and carry out the clearance to the incomplete bait of realization in bait district 1, also should guarantee simultaneously that it can not cause the scratch to the gasbag. Clean system is when using all gas in the exhaust air bag 5 earlier, guarantees that bait district 1 is in the shrink state after, again with the slow propelling movement bait district 1 of clean system, produces thrust through clean board 13 to the decurrent extrusion of bait, can be with in the bait of incomplete bait or rotten from the net cage clearance sea.
Fig. 7 shows a feeding system. The feeding system is also used as a matching device and is independent from the main body of the novel high-efficiency aquaculture net cage. The bait feeding system is operated independently and is an efficient bait feeding system, and comprises an outer part and an inner part. The outside by portable semicircle pipe 16, can not remove the gomphosis of semicircle pipe 17 and form, portable semicircle pipe 16 is half cylindrical structure with can not remove semicircle pipe 17, portable semicircle pipe 16 can be dismantled in a flexible way, constitutes cylindric major structure with can not remove semicircle pipe 17, cylindric major structure tip is equipped with circular handle 19 to at the same detachable scraping wings 18 of the tip installation of can not remove semicircle pipe 17, both can assemble in a flexible way and dismantle. Under the action of human force, the material pushing plate 18 drives the movable circular tube 16 to generate displacement. The inside circular plastic tube 25 that is equipped with of system of feeding, its diameter slightly is greater than the diameter when compression device contracts, the operation after the system of feeding can gomphosis stretch into bait district 1 and carry out of being convenient for. The bait loading area 20 is defined as the area of the cavity between the outer cylindrical body structure and the inner circular plastic tube 25. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the bait casting system. The bait casting system comprises the following specific operation steps: 1. the movable round tube 16 is disassembled to expose the bait filling area 20 inside; 2. after bait is placed in the loading area 20 in advance on the ship, the moving circular tube 16 is reset and is fixedly connected with the material pushing plate 18; 3. after the cleaning system removes the residual baits in the bait area 1 (the bait area 1 is still kept in a contraction state), slowly feeding the bait feeding system into the bait area 1; 4. the bait pushing plate 18 in the bait system is fixed on the I-shaped bulge 21 at the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, the circular handle 19 is held to pull the bait casting system upwards, and the bait is prevented from being displaced reversely when the bait system moves upwards due to the fact that the bait pushing plate 18 is fixed, so that the function of guiding the bait into the bait area 1 at one time is achieved, and bait supply required by multilayer aquaculture net cage organisms is guaranteed.
According to the cage, corresponding cleaning and bait casting can be carried out only by hanging the cage on the ship body, so that for manual management, management operation is greatly simplified, the physical strength of cultivation workers is saved, a large amount of labor cost and time cost are saved, and the cultivation working efficiency is higher; for the cultured organisms, the living environment is good, the living environment comprises a larger activity space, the feed is more healthful, the feeding efficiency is high, the organisms grow rapidly, the diseases are greatly reduced, and the death rate is reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A simple and efficient marine raft culture net cage is characterized by comprising a culture net cage main body system, a feeding system and a cleaning system;
the interior of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage comprises a bait area (1) and an aquaculture area (2), the joint of the two areas is separated by a plastic net (3) with meshes A (10), and the upper end of the main body system of the aquaculture net cage is provided with an I-shaped bulge (21); the bait area (1) is cylindrical, and the breeding area (2) surrounds the bait area (1); two handles (11) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the culture net cage main body system and used for lifting the net cage from seawater by workers, a circular ring (12) is arranged on the other side of the upper end of the culture net cage main body system, long ropes (23) are fixed on the circular ring (12) and the handles (11), and the net cage is hung below a floating body through the long ropes (23) to carry out raft culture on the sea;
be provided with compressor arrangement in bait district (1), expand or contract as required: after bait is thrown in, the compression device expands to enable the bait area (1) to be in an expansion state, the bait is tightly pressed on the plastic net (3), and the organisms obtain the bait through the meshes A (10); when the cleaning system cleans the residual baits or the rotten baits, the compression device contracts to enable the bait area (1) to be in a contraction state for cleaning;
the culture area (2) is composed of small net cages with the same multilayer structure; the middle part of the small net cage is of an open through structure, and the surface of the small net cage is provided with a plurality of net holes B (8) for water quality exchange; a small door (22) is arranged on the side surface of the culture tank and used for placing cultured organisms; a soft plastic board (9) is arranged in the biological crawling channel;
the cleaning system is independent from the main body of the aquaculture net cage and is independently operated and comprises a circular tube (14), a circular cleaning plate (13) arranged at the bottom of the circular tube (14) and a handle (15) arranged at the top of the circular tube (14); the cleaning plate (13) is arranged in size and can be just attached to the bait area (1) to clean residual baits in the bait area (1);
the feeding system is independent from the main body of the aquaculture net cage and is independently operated; the bait casting system comprises an outer part and an inner part; the outer part is formed by embedding a movable semicircular pipe (16) and an immovable semicircular pipe (17), the movable semicircular pipe (16) and the immovable semicircular pipe (17) have the same structure, the movable semicircular pipe and the immovable semicircular pipe are assembled into a main body structure, the end part of the main body structure is provided with a circular handle (19), and a detachable material pushing plate (18) is installed; the inner part is a circular plastic pipe (25), the diameter of the plastic pipe is slightly larger than that of the compression device when the compression device is contracted, so that the bait casting system can be embedded into the bait area (1) and carry out subsequent operation; the cavity area between the outer main body structure and the inner circular plastic pipe (25) is a bait filling area (20).
2. A simple and efficient seaborne raft culture cage according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of said mesh holes a (10) is 3-6 cm.
3. A simple and efficient seaborne raft culture cage according to claim 1, wherein the apertures of the meshes B (8) are 4-8 mm.
4. The simple and efficient seaborne raft culture net cage according to claim 1, wherein a drop stone (24) is arranged at the lower end of the culture net cage main body system to ensure the stability of the culture net cage in water.
5. A method for using a simple and efficient seaborne raft culture cage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
firstly, organisms to be cultured are placed in a culture area (2) of a marine raft culture net cage, and the organisms are placed in each small net cage through a small door (22);
secondly, enabling a compression device in the bait area (1) to be in a contraction state, throwing the bait into the bait area (1) through a bait throwing system, enabling the compression device in the bait area (1) to be in an expansion state, pressing the bait tightly on the plastic net (3), and enabling the organisms to obtain the bait through meshes A (10) on the plastic net (3);
thirdly, after a period of time, the bait needs to be replaced, and is firstly filled into the bait casting system on the ship in advance; then lifting the net cage for marine raft culture from the middle part of the sea, and hanging the net cage on the hull through a side ring (12) of a main system of the culture net cage; the compression device in the bait area (1) is in a contraction state, and the cleaning device slowly enters the bait area (1) to clean residual and putrefactive baits; putting the bait casting system into the bait area (1) on the ship, and introducing all the baits required by the organisms at one time; the compression device in the bait area (1) is in an expansion state, and the bait is tightly pressed on the plastic net (3); and taking the net cage down from the ship body, and putting the net cage back to the sea to continue the culture operation.
6. The method for using the raft culture net cage on the sea conveniently and efficiently according to the claim 5, wherein the step of throwing the bait into the bait area (1) through the bait throwing system is specifically as follows:
(1) the movable round tube (16) is disassembled to expose the bait filling area (20) inside;
(2) after bait is placed in a loading area (20) on a ship in advance, the movable circular tube (16) is reset to form a main body structure together with the immovable circular tube (17), and a material pushing plate (18) is installed;
(3) after the cleaning system removes the residual baits in the bait area (1), the compression device in the bait area (1) is still kept in a contraction state, and the bait casting system is slowly fed into the bait area (1);
(4) a bait pushing plate (18) in the bait system is fixed on an I-shaped bulge (21) at the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, the circular handle (19) is held to pull the bait casting system upwards, and as the bait pushing plate (18) is fixed, resistance can be generated on bait, and the bait is guided into a bait area (1) once in the upward lifting process of the bait system.
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