CN110691711B - 自动电动车辆充电 - Google Patents

自动电动车辆充电 Download PDF

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CN110691711B
CN110691711B CN201880036133.0A CN201880036133A CN110691711B CN 110691711 B CN110691711 B CN 110691711B CN 201880036133 A CN201880036133 A CN 201880036133A CN 110691711 B CN110691711 B CN 110691711B
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charging
charger
electric vehicle
electronic processor
rate curve
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CN110691711A (zh
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M·萨莫耶登
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Hubbell Inc
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Hubbell Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
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    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
    • H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

用于电动车辆自动充电的装置和方法。一个实施例提供了一种用于自动充电的方法，包括在存储器中存储电网的费率曲线，和使用电子处理器确定完全充电的时间。该方法还包括使用电子处理器确定完成充电的目标时间，和使用电子处理器生成充电曲线。该方法还包括基于充电曲线使用充电控制器进行充电。

Description

自动电动车辆充电
相关申请
本申请要求2017年5月16日提交的美国临时专利申请第62/506,890号的权益，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
实施例总体涉及给电动车辆充电。
发明内容
公用事业提供商向消费者收取在不同时间以不同费率消费的电费。例如，公用事业提供商可以在高峰时段(例如，白天期间)收取较高的费率，而在在非高峰时段(例如，晚上期间)收取较低的费率。用于电动车辆的充电器一旦插入，便开始进行充电操作，而不区分高峰和非高峰费率，从而增加了用户的成本。
因此，一个实施例提供了一种用于自动充电的方法，包括在存储器中存储电网的费率曲线，和使用电子处理器确定完全充电的时间。该方法还包括使用电子处理器确定完成充电的目标时间，和使用电子处理器生成充电曲线。该方法还包括基于充电曲线使用充电控制器进行充电。
一个实施例提供了一种用于自动充电的充电器，包括耦合到存储器、收发器和充电控制器的电子处理器。电子处理器被配置为在存储器中存储电网的费率曲线，并且确定完全充电的时间。电子处理器还被配置为确定完成充电的目标时间并且生成充电曲线。电子处理器还被配置为基于充电曲线使用充电控制器进行充电。
一个实施例提供了一种用于自动充电的方法，包括在服务器处接收来自由单个公用事业提供商服务的地理边界内的多个电动车辆充电器中的每一个的充电信息，和基于从多个电动车辆充电器接收的充电信息，使用服务器的服务器电子处理器为多个电动车辆充电器中的每一个生成多个充电曲线。生成充电曲线以最小化公用事业提供商的负载。该方法还包括使用服务器的服务器收发器向多个电动车辆充电器传输多个充电曲线。电动车辆充电器基于来自多个充电曲线的充电曲线进行充电。
通过考虑详细描述和附图，本申请的其它方面将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是根据一些实施例的自动充电系统的框图。
图2是根据一些实施例的图1的充电系统的电动车辆充电器的框图。
图3是根据一些实施例的图1的充电系统的电子设备的框图。
图4是示出根据一些实施例的图1的充电系统的方法的流程图。
图5是根据一些实施例的自动充电网络的框图。
图6是根据一些实施例的图5的充电网络的服务器的框图。
图7是示出根据一些实施例的图5的充电网络的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在详细解释本申请的任何实施例之前，应当理解，本申请的应用不限于在以下描述中阐述或在以下附图中示出的构造细节和部件布置。本申请能够有其它实施例，并且能够以各种方式实践或执行。
图1是自动充电系统100的一个实施例的框图。在示出的示例中，自动充电系统100包括主配电盘110，其从电网120(例如，公用事业公司的电网、太阳能电池板等)接收电力。用于给电动车辆140充电的电动车辆(EV)充电器130连接到主配电盘110以接收运行电力。自动充电系统100还包括允许用户设置EV充电器130的充电参数的电子设备150。电子设备150可以是例如智能电话、平板计算机、膝上型计算机、台式计算机等。EV充电器130和电子设备150可以通过通信网络160通信。
通信网络160可以是无线通信网络，诸如广域网(WAN)(例如，因特网、基于TCP/IP的网络、蜂窝网络，诸如例如全球移动通信系统[GSM]网络、通用分组无线业务[GPRS]网络、码分多址[CDMA]网络、演进数据优化[EV-DO]网络、GSM演进增强型数据速率[EDGE]网络、3GSM网络、4GSM网络、数字增强型无绳电信[DECT]网络、数字AMPS[IS-136/TDMA]网络或集成数字增强型网络[iDEN]网络等)。在其它实施例中，该网络是例如采用多种通信协议(诸如Wi-Fi、蓝牙、ZigBee等)的任何一种局域网(LAN)、邻域网(NAN)、家庭区域网(HAN)或个人区域网(PAN)。在又一实施例中，网络160包括广域网(WAN)、局域网(LAN)、邻域网(NAN)、家庭区域网(HAN)或个人区域网(PAN)中的一个或多个。在一些实施例中，电子设备150可以通过位于制造商的网站上的服务器进行通信。也就是说，电子设备150和EV充电器130可以通过局域网和/或通过广域网连接服务器。
图2是EV充电器130的一个实施例的框图。在示出的示例中，EV充电器130包括电子处理器210、存储器220、收发器230和充电电路240。电子处理器210、存储器220、收发器230和充电电路240可以通过一条或多条控制和/或数据总线(例如，通信总线250)进行通信。
在一些实施例中，电子处理器210被实现为具有独立存储器(诸如存储器220)的微处理器。在其它实施例中，电子处理器210可被实现为微控制器(存储器220在同一芯片上)。在其它实施例中，电子处理器210可以使用多个处理器来实现。另外，电子处理器210可以部分或全部实现为例如现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和专用集成电路(ASIC)等，并且可能不需要存储器220或对其进行相应修改。在示出的示例中，存储器220包括非暂时性的计算机可读存储器，其存储由电子处理器210接收和执行的指令，以执行本文描述的EV充电器130的功能。存储器220可以包括例如程序存储区和数据存储区。程序存储区和数据存储区可以包括不同类型存储器(诸如只读存储器和随机存取存储器)的组合。
收发器230启动通过通信网络160从EV充电器130到例如电子设备150或远程服务器的无线通信。在其它实施例中，EV充电器130可以包括独立的发射和接收部件，例如发射器和接收器，而不是收发器230。在又一些其它实施例中，EV充电器130可以不包括收发器230，并且可以经由网络界面和与通信网络160的有线连接与电子设备150通信。
充电电路240从主配电盘110接收电力，并且向电动车辆140提供充电电流。充电电路240可以包括传感器和/或检测器，以检测EV充电器130和/或连接的电动车辆140的参数。例如，充电电路240可以包括检测电动车辆140的充电状态(SOC)的充电状态检测器、检测EV充电器130的温度的温度传感器等。在一些实施例中，充电电路240可以包括甩负荷装置(未示出)，以降低EV充电器130的充电额定值(即充电电流)。充电电路240可以从电子处理器210接收控制信号，指示充电电路240例如开始充电、停止充电、检测充电状态(SOC)等。
图3是电子设备150的一个实施例的框图。在示出的示例中，EV充电器130包括设备电子处理器310、设备存储器320、设备收发器330和输入/输出界面340。设备电子处理器310、设备存储器320、设备收发器330和输入/输出界面340可以通过一条或多条控制和/或数据总线(例如，设备通信总线350)进行通信。
设备电子处理器310可以以各种方式实现，包括类似于上述针对电子处理器210描述的那些方式的方式。同样，设备存储器320可以以各种方式实现，包括类似于针对存储器220描述的那些方式的方式。设备存储器320可以存储由设备电子处理器310接收和执行的指令，以执行本文描述的功能。另外，设备存储器320还可以存储充电器应用325。
设备收发器330启动通过通信网络160从电子设备150到例如EV充电器130或远程服务器的通信(例如，无线通信)。在其它实施例中，电子设备150可以包括独立的发射和接收部件，例如发射器和接收器，而不是设备收发器330。在又一些其它实施例中，电子设备150可以不包括设备收发器330，并且可以经由网络界面和与通信网络160的有线连接与EV充电器130通信。
输入/输出界面340(例如，用户界面)可以包括一个或多个输入机构(例如，触摸屏、键盘、按钮、旋钮等)、一个或多个输出机构(例如，显示器、扬声器等)或其组合。
图4是示出自动充电的一个示例方法400的流程图。应当理解，方法400中公开的步骤的顺序可以变化。附加步骤也可以添加到控制序列中，并且不是所有的步骤都是必需的。如图4中所示，方法400包括在存储器220中存储电网120的费率曲线(在框410处)。费率曲线提供公用事业公司收取的多个费率和费率收取的时间段之间的映射。例如，运行电网120的公用事业提供商可以在白天期间以每千瓦时相对较高的费率收取(例如，早上7点与下午7点之间每kW-h 0.50美元)，而在晚上期间以每千瓦时相对较低的费率收取(例如，晚上11点与早上5点之间每kW-h0.20美元)。
在一些实施例中，费率曲线可以由用户手动输入。例如，用户可以在单个24小时期间的几个时间间隔内输入特定的美元数额。可替代地，用户可以在单个24小时期间的几个时间间隔内输入相对价格指示，例如高、中、低等。也就是说，继续上述费率曲线示例，用户可以在早上7点与下午7点之间输入高，在晚上11点与早上5点之前输入低，并且且在其它时间输入中。用户可以在电子设备150的输入/输出界面340上输入费率曲线信息，然后该电子设备通过通信网络160将费率曲线传递到EV充电器130。在一些实施例中，费率曲线可以被自动从公用事业提供商接收。例如，EV充电器130可以接收用户的地址，并且基于该地址确定公用事业提供商。EV充电器130然后可以从公用事业提供商的网站下载费率曲线。也可以使用其它技术来接收电网120的费率曲线。
方法400包括使用电子处理器210确定完全充电的时间(在框420处)。当电动车辆140被插入充电时，电子处理器210可以首先确定电动车辆140的初始SOC。电子处理器210基于电动车辆140的初始SOC和充电电路240的充电费率来估计电动车辆140完全充电的时间量。例如，电子处理器210可以确定初始SOC是“20％”。基于此初始SOC和充电电路240的充电费率，电子处理器210可以确定如果连续充电“8”至“10”小时，电动车辆140将充满电。
方法400包括使用电子处理器210确定完成充电的目标时间(在框430处)。在一个实施例中，目标时间可以基于用户输入来确定。例如，用户可以在电子设备150的输入/输出界面340上输入用户将在次日早上8点离开去工作。电子设备150然后通过通信网络160将此信息传递到EV充电器130。
方法400包括使用电子处理器210生成充电曲线(在框440处)。充电曲线可以基于电网120的费率曲线、完全充电的时间和/或完成充电的目标时间来生成。电子处理器210可以生成最佳充电曲线，以最小化用户的成本。继续上述的示例，在完全充电的时间是“8”小时并且用户将在早上8点离开的情况下，电子处理器210可以确定电动车辆140可以在晚上9点与早上5点之间充电，以最小化用户的成本。也就是说，基于上述费率曲线示例，电动车辆140将在晚上9点与11点之间以中等费率充电，并且在晚上11点与凌晨5点之间以低费率充电。因此，EV充电器130可以在电网120的低费率期间最大化充电。
在一些实施例中，当充电不能在目标时间之前完成时，电子处理器210可以生成充电曲线，其中在电动车辆140被插入的时间与目标时间之间持续对电动车辆140充电。
方法400包括基于充电曲线使用充电电路240进行充电(在框450处)。电子处理器210控制充电电路240以基于充电曲线对电动车辆140进行充电。继续上述示例，电子处理器210可以控制充电电路240以关闭充电直到晚上9点，在晚上9点与早上5点之间打开充电，并且在早上5点之后关闭充电。
图5是自动充电网络500的一个实施例的框图。在示出的示例中，自动充电网络包括多个EV充电器130，其通过通信网络160与服务器510通信。服务器510是例如由EV充电器130的制造商操作的服务器。作为另一示例，服务器510是由公用事业提供商和/或公用事业聚合商操作的服务器。在一些实施例中，服务器510是可以通过通信网络160通信的基于云的服务器。除了与服务器510通信之外，多个EV充电器130还可以通过通信网络160彼此通信。可以控制多个EV充电器130来实施充电，使得负载在电网上分布和平衡。在一些实施例中，可以使用中央系统来实现协调，其中由中央服务器(例如，服务器510)来执行确定。在其它实施例中，可以使用分散系统来实现协调，其中确定被分布在几个EV充电器130上，并且可能不需要中央服务器510或者可以不对其进行相应修改。
图6是服务器510的一个实施例的框图。在示出的示例中，EV充电器130包括服务器电子处理器610、服务器存储器620、服务器收发器630和输入/输出界面640。服务器电子处理器610、服务器存储器620、服务器收发器630和输入/输出界面640可以通过一条或多条控制和/或数据总线(例如，服务器通信总线650)进行通信。
服务器电子处理器610可以以各种方式实现，包括类似于上述针对电子处理器210和设备电子处理器310的那些方式的方式。同样，服务器存储器320可以以各种方式实现，包括类似于针对存储器220和设备存储器320描述的那些方式的方式。服务器存储器620可以存储由服务器电子处理器610接收和执行的指令，以执行本文描述的功能。另外，服务器存储器320还可以存储充电器协调应用625。
服务器收发器630启动通过通信网络160从服务器510到例如多个EV充电器130的通信(例如，无线通信)。在其它实施例中，服务器510可以包括独立的发射和接收部件，例如发送器和接收器，而不是服务器收发器630。在又一些其它实施例中，电子设备150可以不包括设备收发器330，并且可以经由网络界面和与通信网络160的有线连接与EV充电器130通信。
输入/输出界面340(例如，用户界面)可以包括一个或多个输入机构(例如，触摸屏、键盘、按钮、旋钮等)、一个或多个输出机构(例如，显示器、扬声器等)或其组合。
图7是示出自动充电的一个示例方法700的流程图。应当理解，方法700中公开的步骤的顺序可以变化。附加步骤也可以添加到控制序列中，并且不是所有的步骤都是必需的。如图7中所示，方法700包括在服务器510处从多个EV充电器130中的每一个接收充电信息(在框710处)。多个EV充电器130通过通信网络160与服务器510通信，以提供充电信息。充电信息包括例如EV充电器130的GPS位置或地址位置、由EV充电器130充电的电动汽车140的充电状态、用于完成电动汽车140充电的目标时间等。服务器510可以使用充电信息来控制地理边界内EV充电器130之间的负载分布。地理边界可以指由单个公用事业提供商服务的位置，例如邻域、社区、地区等。在一些实施例中，服务器510基于从多个EV充电器130接收的位置信息将多个EV充电器130的子集分组。例如，如果多个EV充电器130的子集属于相同的邻域并且由相同的公用事业提供商服务或者属于相同的电网120，则服务器510将它们分组为一组。在框710处，服务器510可以从位于地理边界内并且由单个公用事业提供商服务的多个EV充电器130接收充电信息。
方法700还包括使用服务器电子处理器610基于充电信息生成多个充电曲线(在框720处)。服务器510分析从地理边界内的多个EV充电器130接收的充电信息，以优化电网120上的负载。例如，电动车辆140通常在工作日之后的下午6点左右连接到EV充电器130，并且被分配在次日早上6点充电。因此，如果所有电动车辆140同时充电，电力消耗可能使电网120过载。服务器510分析从多个EV充电器130接收的充电信息，以在地理边界内将负载延迟并且分布在多个EV充电器130上。服务器510基于从多个EV充电器130接收的充电信息，为多个EV充电器130中的每一个生成充电曲线。充电曲线可以包括EV充电器130应该开始充电的时间和EV充电器130应该使用的电流消耗量(即，充电额定值)。生成充电曲线以在一段时间内分配电网120上的负载。也就是说，生成充电曲线以最小化电网120上的负载。
方法700还包括使用服务器收发器630向多个EV充电器130传输多个充电曲线(在框730处)。服务器510通过通信网络160将分配给特定EV充电器130的充电曲线传输给EV充电器130。EV充电器130在从服务器510接收到充电曲线160时实现充电曲线。
本领域普通技术人员将理解，方法400中描述的功能可以由电子处理器210执行，或者可以在电子处理器210与设备电子处理器310之间共享。例如，在一个实施例中，设备电子处理器310可以基于从用户接收的输入和从EV充电器130接收的初始SOC来生成充电曲线。电子设备150然后可以将充电曲线传递到EV充电器130。另外，尽管方法400被描述为由EV充电器130来执行，但是该功能可以由连接到主配电盘110的任何充电器或电器来执行。
类似地，本领域普通技术人员将理解，方法700中描述的功能可以由地理边界内的EV充电器130来执行。例如，方法700中描述的功能可以分布在地理边界内的多个EV充电器130的电子处理器210上。
因此，除其它外，该应用提供了电动车辆自动充电。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于自动充电的方法，所述方法包括：
在充电器的存储器中存储电网的费率曲线，所述费率曲线包含至少一个时间周期和与所述至少一个时间周期相关联的至少一个费率；
使用耦合到所述存储器的所述充电器的电子处理器确定完全充电时间；
使用所述充电器的所述电子处理器确定完成充电的目标时间；
使用所述充电器的所述电子处理器且基于所述费率曲线、所述完全充电时间和完成充电的所述目标时间而生成充电曲线；以及
基于所述充电曲线，使用耦合到所述电子处理器的所述充电器的充电控制器进行充电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中生成所述充电曲线以最小化成本。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
在所述电子处理器处接收来自电子设备的所述费率曲线，其中所述费率曲线在所述电子设备的用户界面处被接收作为输入。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
在所述电子处理器处接收来自公用事业提供商的所述费率曲线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述充电器是电动车辆充电器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
确定初始充电状态；和
确定所述充电器的充电额定值，其中确定所述完全充电时间基于所述初始充电状态和所述充电额定值。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中确定完成充电的所述目标时间包括：
在电子设备的用户界面处接收完成充电的所述目标时间；和
在所述电子处理器处接收来自所述电子设备的完成充电的所述目标时间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，还包括：
在所述电子处理器处接收来自所述电子设备的所述费率曲线，其中所述费率曲线在所述电子设备的所述用户界面处被接收作为输入。
9.一种用于自动充电的充电器，所述充电器包括：
存储器；
收发器；
充电控制器；以及
电子处理器，其耦合到所述存储器、所述收发器和所述充电控制器，所述电子处理器被配置为：
在所述存储器中存储电网的费率曲线，所述费率曲线包含至少一个时间周期和与所述至少一个时间周期相关联的至少一个费率，
确定完全充电时间，
确定完成充电的目标时间，
基于所述费率曲线、所述完全充电时间和完成充电的所述目标时间而生成充电曲线，以及
基于所述充电曲线使用所述充电控制器充电。
10.根据权利要求9所述的充电器，其中生成所述充电曲线以最小化成本。
11.根据权利要求9所述的充电器，其中所述电子处理器还被配置为：
接收来自电子设备的所述费率曲线，其中所述费率曲线在所述电子设备的用户界面处被接收作为输入。
12.根据权利要求9所述的充电器，其中所述电子处理器还被配置为：接收来自公用事业提供商的所述费率曲线。
13.根据权利要求9所述的充电器，其中所述充电器是电动车辆充电器。
14.根据权利要求9所述的充电器，其中所述电子处理器还被配置为：
确定初始充电状态；和
确定所述充电器的充电额定值，其中确定所述完全充电时间基于所述初始充电状态和所述充电额定值。
15.根据权利要求9所述的充电器，其中确定完成充电的所述目标时间包括：
在电子设备的用户界面处接收完成充电的所述目标时间；
接收来自所述电子设备的完成充电的所述目标时间。
16.根据权利要求15所述的充电器，其中所述电子处理器还被配置为：
接收来自所述电子设备的所述费率曲线，其中所述费率曲线在所述电子设备的所述用户界面处被接收作为输入。
17.一种用于自动充电的方法，所述方法包括：
在服务器处接收来自由单个公用事业提供商服务的地理边界内的多个电动车辆充电器中的每一个的充电信息；
基于从所述多个电动车辆充电器接收的所述充电信息，使用所述服务器的服务器电子处理器为所述多个电动车辆充电器中的每一个生成多个充电曲线，其中生成所述多个充电曲线以在一段时间内分配连接到所述多个电动车辆充电器的电网上的负载从而最小化所述公用事业提供商的负载；以及
使用所述服务器的服务器收发器将所述多个充电曲线传输到所述多个电动车辆充电器，其中所述电动车辆充电器基于来自所述多个充电曲线的充电曲线进行充电。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述充电信息包括选自由以下组成的群组中的至少一个：连接到所述多个电动车辆充电器中的电动车辆充电器的电动车辆的充电状态、完成所述电动车辆的充电的目标时间和所述电动车辆完全充电的时间。
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