CN110690809A - A bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse magnetic flux linear motor, comprising a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, the primary mechanism includes two groups of primary units with the same structure, and each primary unit includes n+1 U-shaped primary magnetic permeability Parts, n armature windings and n permanent magnets, n+1 primary magnetic conductive parts are arranged in sequence, n permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of adjacent primary magnetic conductive parts to form a magnetic pole, magnetic pole The armature winding is wound on the upper part; the two groups of primary units are arranged opposite to each other; the secondary mechanism includes several secondary magnetic conductive parts, and each secondary magnetic conductive part includes a yoke part and 2n+2 teeth symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yoke part. The two groups of primary units are respectively located on both sides of the secondary magnetically conductive component. This kind of linear motor can realize the excellent characteristics of permanent magnet and winding on the primary side at the same time, isolation and decoupling of each phase, independent electromagnetic, high torque density, flexible design, convenient control, simple and reliable secondary structure.

Description

A bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor design, and particularly relates to a bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse magnetic flux linear motor.

Background technique

When the linear motor drives the linear motion load, the conversion mechanism from the rotation of the rotary motor to the linear motion is omitted, so it has the advantages of simple overall structure, high position accuracy, fast response speed, and low noise. Improve the efficiency of the entire system. In recent years, with the wider application of linear drives, linear motors have gradually become one of the hot spots in research and development, and have been widely used in military industry, aerospace, rail transit, electromagnetic ejection and other fields.

The movement direction of the transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor is perpendicular to the plane where the magnetic field path of the motor is located. The motor circuit and the motor magnetic circuit are relatively independent. Compared with the traditional motor, the transverse flux motor has the advantages of high torque density, flexible design and electromagnetic load. Decoupling, convenient control, excellent low-speed characteristics, etc., its application field is also expanding, especially suitable for low-speed high-power driving occasions, the transverse flux motor greatly shortens the length of the magnetic path, reduces the amount of ferromagnetic materials and iron consumption , within a certain range, the rate of change of magnetic energy is increased, thereby increasing the output of the motor. However, because the permanent magnets and windings of the permanent magnet motor are respectively located on the moving stator of the motor, the structure of the motor is unstable, and the permanent magnets are difficult to dissipate heat, which limits the application in the field of high reliability.

The stator permanent magnet motor that has appeared in recent years, because the permanent magnets and windings are placed in the stator of the motor, and the mover has neither windings nor permanent magnets. Therefore, it has the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure of the mover, and easy heat dissipation of the permanent magnet. Among them, the magnetic flux switching permanent magnet motor has the highest power density. Existing studies have shown that although the motor has a certain degree of fault tolerance, it does not have magnetic isolation between phases, so the fault tolerance of the motor needs to be further improved. Overcoming the drawbacks of phase-to-phase coupling and studying the structure of a fault-tolerant flux-switching permanent magnet motor have become a research hotspot in related fields at home and abroad.

The linear motor obtained by unfolding the traditional rotary motor is usually a unilateral structure. There is a normal force between the movable stator, that is, a unilateral magnetic pulling force. The increased load on the movable stator bearing affects the performance and life of the motor, so there is usually a bilateral structure, and the bilateral structure can theoretically reduce the normal magnetic pull and increase the motor output force.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor, which can realize that the permanent magnets and the windings are located on the primary side at the same time, and the phases are isolated and decoupled, the electromagnetics are mutually independent, the torque density is high, and the design is flexible. , the control is convenient, the secondary side structure is simple and reliable.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the solution of the present invention is:

A bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor includes a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism includes two groups of primary units with the same structure, each group contains the same number of primary units, and each primary unit includes n+1 U-shaped primary magnetic conductive parts, n armature windings and n permanent magnets, n is a natural number, where n+1 primary magnetic conductive parts are arranged in a row in sequence, and n permanent magnets are located adjacent to each other at intervals Between the primary magnetic conductive parts, and the permanent magnets connect the adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conductive parts to form a magnetic pole, and an armature winding is wound around the magnetic pole; The permanent magnets in the primary unit are magnetized in opposite directions, and the primary units located in the same group are arranged in sequence along the direction of motor movement;

The secondary mechanism includes several secondary magnetic conductive parts, each secondary magnetic conductive part includes a yoke part and 2n+2 tooth parts located on both sides of the yoke part symmetrically, and the two groups of primary units are located in the secondary conductive parts respectively. On both sides of the magnetic component, and when a secondary magnetic conductive component is opposite to a pair of primary units, the n+1 teeth on either side of the secondary magnetic conductive component are the same as the n+1 teeth in the primary unit on this side. The teeth on the same side of the primary magnetic conductive members are opposite to each other, and the n+1 teeth of the secondary magnetic conductive member adjacent to the secondary magnetic conductive member are the same as the other ones of the n+1 primary magnetic conductive members in the primary unit. The teeth on the sides are aligned on the end view.

The number of primary units included in each group above is an integer multiple of the number of motor phases.

其中，k＝0,1,2,3,…，M为电机相数。The relationship between the adjacent primary unit spacing _ls located in the same group and the secondary magnetic conductive component spacing _lp is:

Among them, k=0,1,2,3,..., M is the number of motor phases.

The relationship between the pitch _lp of the secondary magnetically conductive member and the thickness _τp of the secondary magnetically conductive member is lp _{≧ τp} .

The above-mentioned primary and secondary magnetic conductive components are formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets, or molded from composite magnetic conductive materials.

In the above linear motor, in the primary units of the same phase, the armature windings are connected in series or in parallel with each other.

The above-mentioned primary mechanism and secondary mechanism are fixed parts and moving parts of each other.

The above-mentioned linear motor can be used as both a generator and a motor.

In the above linear motor, the number of magnetic poles of the primary unit is not limited by the number of phases of the motor, the thickness of the secondary magnetic conductive component in the moving direction, the distance between the primary unit and the secondary magnetic conductive component, and is an integer.

In each motion cycle, the different magnetic conductive teeth of each magnetic pole of the primary interact with the two teeth of the secondary, respectively.

The linear motor has a bilaterally symmetrical structure, the corresponding primary units are of the same phase, the bilaterally symmetrical permanent magnets are magnetized in the same direction, and the generated magnetic field loops are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

After adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The motor adopts a transverse magnetic flux structure. At the same time, the permanent magnets and windings of the motor are installed in the primary part. There are neither windings nor permanent magnets on the secondary. It has high torque density, flexible design, electromagnetic load decoupling, and convenient control. Excellent low-speed characteristics, high efficiency, simple secondary structure and easy heat dissipation of permanent magnets;

(2) The motor structure is simple and compact, the assembly is convenient and easy, and the space utilization rate is high;

(3) Each primary unit is independent of each other, and the motor has high reliability and strong fault tolerance;

(4) The bilateral structure is adopted, there is no unilateral magnetic pulling force, the bearing load of the guide rail is small, and the service life is long;

(5) The bilateral structure is adopted, and the magnetic circuits on both sides are independent of each other, with strong fault tolerance and high reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 1(b) is a schematic diagram of the end view structure of the present invention and a schematic diagram of a magnetization direction of a permanent magnet;

Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the primary structure of the present invention;

Figure 2(b) is a schematic top view of the secondary structure of the present invention;

Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary unit magnetically permeable material of the present invention;

Figure 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the primary unit structure of the present invention;

Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the secondary structure of the present invention;

Figure 4(b) is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary magnetic conductive component of the present invention;

Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux flow when the secondary magnetic conductive member 5 of the present invention is aligned with the primary unit;

Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux flow when the secondary magnetic conductive member 4 of the present invention is aligned with the primary unit;

Fig. 6 (a) is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 6(b) is a schematic structural view of an end view of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a three-phase primary unit magnetic pole double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor, including primary and secondary parts, and the primary part includes several primary units with the same structure , each primary unit is composed of primary magnetic conductive parts 1, armature windings 3 and permanent magnets 2, the primary units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the secondary, and the secondary part is composed of secondary magnetic conductive parts 4 and 5 arranged in sequence; The secondary magnetic conductive parts can be laminated by iron core silicon steel sheets, or can be molded from composite magnetic conductive materials, and the secondary magnetic conductive parts are arranged in sequence along the movement direction. Figure 1(b) is a schematic diagram of the end view structure of a three-phase primary unit one magnetic pole bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor of the present invention; the motor is a bilateral symmetrical structure, with two symmetrical magnetic poles, two The magnetic pole is composed of two magnetic conductive parts teeth 1-1-2, 1-2-1 and permanent magnet 2-1, 1-3-2, 1-4-1 and permanent magnet 2-2 respectively, winding 3-1 , 3-2 are wound on the two magnetic poles respectively, and both ends of the primary unit are composed of auxiliary teeth 1-1-1, 1-2-2, 1-3-1, 1-4-2. From the end view, the secondary magnetic conductive parts 4 and 5 are arranged alternately. The secondary magnetic conductive part is composed of a tooth part and a yoke part. , 4-4 are respectively aligned with the teeth 1-1-1, 1-2-1, 1-3-1, 1-4-1 on the primary unit; the teeth 5-1, 5- 2, 5-3, 5-4 are aligned with teeth 1-1-2, 1-2-2, 1-3-2, 1-4-2 on the primary unit, respectively. With the relative movement of the primary and secondary of the motor, the magnetic conductive member 4 and the magnetic conductive member 5 are respectively aligned with the teeth on the primary unit, so that the magnetic flux in the primary unit changes, and the flux linkage in the winding changes alternately, generating induced electromotive force. The bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse magnetic flux linear motor of the present invention can be used as both a motor and a generator.

Each primary unit includes a primary magnetic conductive part 1 , a permanent magnet 2 and an armature winding 3 , and the secondary part includes secondary magnetic conductive parts 4 , 5 . Figures 1(a) and 1(b) schematically illustrate a primary unit-magnetic-pole three-phase structure of the motor, and the primary units are spaced apart from each other by an electrical angle of 120° to form each phase of the motor. The number of primary units and the number of secondary magnetic conductive parts of the motor are not limited to this, and can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation such as the number of phases of the motor. At the same time, the number of magnetic poles of the primary unit can be expanded or decreased to change the motor output. Unit windings in series or parallel with each other Windings in the same primary unit can be in series or in parallel with each other.

Figure 2(a) shows the primary arrangement view of the motor. Along the movement direction of the motor, the distance _{ls of the primary unit of the motor and the thickness of the primary unit of the motor τ s are} determined by the capacity of the motor and the spacing of the secondary magnetic conductive components. The cells are distributed symmetrically. Figure 2(b) shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the secondary magnetic conductive components of the motor. Along the movement direction of the motor, the thickness of the magnetic conductive components is τ _p and the distance between adjacent magnetic conductive components is _lp . If the motor is of phase M, the number of primary units of the motor is N=2K M, where K is an integer greater than zero. The relationship between the spacing of the primary unit, the spacing of the secondary magnetic conductive parts, and the number of phases of the motor can be determined by the following formula: where k=0,1,2,3....

Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show the schematic diagram of the structure of the primary unit of the motor. Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary unit magnetic conductive components, mainly composed of two symmetrical magnetic conductive cores 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 and permanent magnets 2-1 and 2-2. Primary magnetic pole, each magnetic pole is composed of one tooth of two magnetic cores and one permanent magnet winding coil; Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary unit. The armature coils are composed of 3-1 and 3-2.

Figure 4(a) shows a schematic diagram of the secondary structure of the motor, which includes a magnetic conductive part 4 and a magnetic conductive part 5. The magnetic conductive parts 4 and 5 have the same structure and are staggered along the moving direction, so that the motor windings are magnetically magnetic when the motor is running. change. Figure 4(b) is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary magnetic conductive component 5(4). The magnetic conductive component 5 includes a magnetic conductive yoke portion and a tooth portion, and the tooth portion is composed of 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, and 5-4. . The secondary structure is simple, there is no permanent magnet, and the manufacture is convenient.

Figure 5(a) shows a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux flow when the secondary magnetic conductive member 5 is aligned with the primary unit, and Figure 5(b) shows a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux flow when the secondary magnetic conductive member 4 is aligned with the primary unit. . It can be seen from Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b) that when the secondary moves, from the alignment of the magnetic conductive member 4 with the primary unit to the alignment of the magnetic conductive member 5 with the primary unit, the direction of the winding flux linkage, the internal magnetic flux of the motor The flow direction has changed. It shows that the principle of the motor is feasible and the structure is reliable.

Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a three-phase primary three-pole bilateral primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention, and Figure 6(b) shows the three-phase primary three-pole bilateral primary Schematic diagram of the end view structure of the permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor; it can be seen from the figure that the purpose of increasing the motor power can also be achieved by increasing the number of magnetic poles of the primary unit.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the secondary moves along the moving direction, the teeth of two adjacent secondary magnetic conductive parts are respectively aligned with the magnetic conductive teeth in the primary unit, so that the flux linkage through the winding on the primary magnetic pole is Alternately, the winding induces a corresponding induced electromotive force, and when a changing current is applied to the primary winding, a thrust is generated. By reasonably arranging the spacing between the primary units and the spacing between the secondary magnetic conductive components, and by reasonably energizing each phase winding of the primary unit according to the relative position between the primary and secondary units in the direction of motion, a continuous thrust can be generated.

The above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.

Claims (9)

1. A double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor is characterized in that: the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises two groups of primary units with the same structure, each group comprises the same number of the primary units, each primary unit comprises n + 1U-shaped primary magnetic conduction components, n armature windings and n permanent magnets, n is a natural number, the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components are sequentially arranged in a line, the n permanent magnets are positioned between the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components at intervals, the permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components to form a magnetic pole, and one armature winding is wound on the magnetic pole; the two groups of primary units are oppositely arranged, the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in the oppositely arranged primary units are opposite, and the primary units in the same group are sequentially arranged along the motion direction of the motor;

the secondary mechanism comprises a plurality of secondary magnetic conduction components, each secondary magnetic conduction component comprises a yoke portion and 2n +2 tooth portions which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the yoke portion respectively, two groups of primary units are arranged on two sides of the secondary magnetic conduction component respectively, when one secondary magnetic conduction component is opposite to one pair of primary units, the n +1 tooth portions on any side of the secondary magnetic conduction component are opposite to the teeth on the same side of the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components in the primary units on the side, and the n +1 tooth portions of the secondary magnetic conduction component adjacent to the secondary magnetic conduction component are aligned to the teeth on the other side of the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components in the primary units in an end view.

2. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: and the number of the primary units in each group is integral multiple of the number of the motor phases.

3. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: spacing l between adjacent primary units in the same group_sDistance l from secondary magnetic conduction component_pThe relation of (A) is as follows:where k is 0,1,2,3, …, and M is the number of motor phases.

4. The double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in thatCharacterized in that: spacing l of said secondary magnetically permeable members_pWith the thickness τ of the secondary magnetically conductive member_pIs in the relationship of_p≥τ_p。

5. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the primary and secondary magnetic conductive parts are formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets or molding composite magnetic conductive materials.

6. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: in the linear motor, armature windings are connected in series or in parallel in primary units with the same phase.

7. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the primary mechanism and the secondary mechanism are a fixed part and a moving part.

8. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the linear motor can be used as a generator and a motor.

9. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: in the linear motor, the number of the primary unit magnetic poles is not limited by the phase number of the motor, the thickness of the secondary magnetic conduction component in the motion direction, the distance between the primary units and the distance between the secondary magnetic conduction components and is an integer.

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