CN110690809B - Double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor - Google Patents
Double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690809B CN110690809B CN201910764387.0A CN201910764387A CN110690809B CN 110690809 B CN110690809 B CN 110690809B CN 201910764387 A CN201910764387 A CN 201910764387A CN 110690809 B CN110690809 B CN 110690809B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
- H02K41/033—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type with armature and magnets on one member, the other member being a flux distributor
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor which comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises two groups of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit comprises n + 1U-shaped primary magnetic conduction components, n armature windings and n permanent magnets, the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components are sequentially arranged in a line, the n permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components to form a magnetic pole, and the armature windings are wound on the magnetic pole; the two groups of primary units are oppositely arranged; the secondary mechanism comprises a plurality of secondary magnetic conductive parts, each secondary magnetic conductive part comprises a yoke part and 2n +2 tooth parts which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the yoke part respectively, and the two groups of primary units are arranged on two sides of the secondary magnetic conductive parts respectively. The linear motor can realize that the permanent magnet and the winding are simultaneously positioned on the primary side and are isolated and decoupled, and has the excellent characteristics of mutual independence of electromagnetism, high torque density, flexible design, convenient control and simple and reliable secondary side structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor design, and particularly relates to a double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor.
Background
When the linear motor drives the linear motion load, a conversion mechanism from rotation to linear motion of the rotating motor is omitted, so that the linear motor has the advantages of simple overall structure, high position precision, high response speed, low noise and the like. The efficiency of the whole system is improved. In recent years, with the wider application of linear driving, linear motors are becoming one of hot spots of research and development, and have been widely applied to the fields of military industry, aerospace, rail transit, electromagnetic catapulting, and the like.
The transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor has the advantages of being high in torque density, flexible in design, capable of decoupling electromagnetic load, convenient to control, good in low-speed characteristic and the like, the application field of the transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor is increasingly expanded, the transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor is particularly suitable for low-speed and high-power driving occasions, the length of a magnetic circuit is greatly shortened, the using amount and iron loss of ferromagnetic materials are reduced, the magnetic energy change rate is improved within a certain range, and further the output of the motor is improved. However, the permanent magnet motor has unstable structure because the permanent magnet and the winding are respectively positioned on the motor moving stator, and the permanent magnet is difficult to dissipate heat, thereby limiting the application in the field of high reliability.
In the stator permanent magnet type motor appearing in recent years, both permanent magnets and windings are arranged on the stator of the motor, and a rotor has no winding or permanent magnet. Therefore, the rotor has the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure of the rotor, easy heat dissipation of the permanent magnet and the like. Among them, the flux switching permanent magnet motor has the highest power density. Research shows that although the motor has a certain fault-tolerant performance, the motor does not have magnetic isolation capacity between phases, so that the fault-tolerant capacity of the motor needs to be further improved. The defect of interphase coupling is overcome, and the research on the structure of the fault-tolerant flux switching permanent magnet motor becomes a research hotspot in related fields at home and abroad at present.
The linear electric motor that expandes traditional rotating electrical machines and obtain is unilateral structure usually, moves and has normal force promptly unilateral magnetic pulling force between the stator, and unilateral magnetic pulling force is great usually, can make to produce great frictional force between active cell and the stator, increases and moves stator bearing burden and influence motor performance and life-span, consequently has bilateral structure usually, and bilateral structure can reduce normal direction magnetic pulling force in theory, can also increase motor output simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor which has the excellent characteristics that a permanent magnet and a winding are simultaneously positioned on a primary side and are isolated and decoupled, electromagnetism is mutually independent, torque density is high, design is flexible, control is convenient, and a secondary side is simple and reliable in structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
a double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises two groups of primary units with the same structure, each group comprises the same number of the primary units, each primary unit comprises n + 1U-shaped primary magnetic conduction components, n armature windings and n permanent magnets, n is a natural number, the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components are sequentially arranged in a line, the n permanent magnets are positioned between the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components at intervals, the permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components to form a magnetic pole, and the armature windings are wound on the magnetic pole; the two groups of primary units are oppositely arranged, the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in the oppositely arranged primary units are opposite, and the primary units in the same group are sequentially arranged along the motion direction of the motor;
the secondary mechanism comprises a plurality of secondary magnetic conduction components, each secondary magnetic conduction component comprises a yoke portion and 2n +2 tooth portions which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the yoke portion respectively, two groups of primary units are arranged on two sides of the secondary magnetic conduction component respectively, when one secondary magnetic conduction component is opposite to one pair of primary units, the n +1 tooth portions on any side of the secondary magnetic conduction component are opposite to the teeth on the same side of the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components in the primary units on the side, and the n +1 tooth portions of the secondary magnetic conduction component adjacent to the secondary magnetic conduction component are aligned to the teeth on the other side of the n +1 primary magnetic conduction components in the primary units in an end view.
The number of the primary units in each group is integral multiple of the number of the motor phases.
Spacing l between adjacent primary units in the same groupsDistance l from secondary magnetic conduction componentpThe relation of (A) is as follows:
where k is 0,1,2,3, …, and M is the number of motor phases.
The distance l between the secondary magnetic conductive memberspWith the thickness τ of the secondary magnetically conductive memberpIs in the relationship ofp≥τp。
The primary and secondary magnetic conductive parts are formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets or molding composite magnetic conductive materials.
In the linear motor, the armature windings of the primary units of the same phase are connected in series or in parallel.
The primary mechanism and the secondary mechanism are a fixed part and a moving part.
The linear motor can be used as a generator or a motor.
In the linear motor, the number of the primary unit magnetic poles is not limited by the number of the motor phases, the thickness of the secondary magnetic conduction component in the motion direction, the primary unit interval and the secondary magnetic conduction component interval and is an integer.
In each movement period, the magnetic conduction teeth with different magnetic poles of the primary and the two teeth of the secondary interact with each other.
The linear motor is of a bilateral symmetry structure, the corresponding primary units are of the same phase, the magnetizing directions of the bilaterally symmetric permanent magnets are the same, and the generated magnetic field loops are mutually independent and do not interfere with each other.
After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the motor adopts a transverse flux structure, the permanent magnet and the winding of the motor are both arranged on the primary part, and the secondary part has no winding or permanent magnet, so that the motor has the characteristics of high torque density, flexible design, electromagnetic load decoupling, convenient control, excellent low-speed characteristic, high efficiency, simple secondary structure, easy heat dissipation of the permanent magnet and the like;
(2) the motor has simple and compact structure, convenient and easy assembly and high space utilization rate;
(3) each primary unit is independent, so that the motor is high in reliability and strong in fault-tolerant capability;
(4) the double-side structure is adopted, single-side magnetic tension is avoided, the load of the guide rail bearing is small, and the service life is long;
(5) and a bilateral structure is adopted, magnetic circuits on two sides are mutually independent, the fault-tolerant capability is strong, and the reliability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 1(b) is a schematic view of the end view structure of the present invention and a schematic view of the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet;
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the primary structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a schematic top view of a secondary structure of the present invention;
fig. 3(a) is a schematic structural diagram of the primary unit magnetic conductive material of the present invention;
FIG. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the primary unit structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a secondary structure of the present invention;
fig. 4(b) is a schematic structural view of the secondary magnetic conductive member of the present invention;
fig. 5(a) is a schematic view of the flux flow direction when the secondary magnetic conductive member 5 of the present invention is aligned with the primary unit;
fig. 5(b) is a schematic view of the flux flow direction when the secondary magnetic conductive member 4 of the present invention is aligned with the primary unit;
FIG. 6(a) is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 6(b) is an end view structural schematic of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1(a), the overall structure schematic diagram of a three-phase primary unit magnetic pole double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor includes a primary part and a secondary part, the primary part includes a plurality of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit is composed of a primary magnetic conduction part 1, an armature winding 3 and a permanent magnet 2, the primary units are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the secondary part, and the secondary part is composed of secondary magnetic conduction parts 4 and 5 which are arranged in sequence; the primary and secondary magnetic conductive parts can be formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets or molding composite magnetic conductive materials, and the secondary magnetic conductive parts are sequentially staggered and arranged along the movement direction. Fig. 1(b) is a schematic end view structure of a three-phase primary unit one-pole double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor of the present invention; the motor is of a bilateral symmetry structure and is provided with two symmetrical magnetic poles, the two magnetic poles are respectively composed of two magnetic conduction component teeth 1-1-2 and 1-2-1, permanent magnets 2-1, 1-3-2 and 1-4-1 and permanent magnets 2-2, windings 3-1 and 3-2 are respectively wound on the two magnetic poles, and two ends of a primary unit are composed of auxiliary teeth 1-1-1, 1-2-2, 1-3-1 and 1-4-2. Seen from an end view, the secondary magnetic conduction parts 4 and 5 are alternately arranged, each secondary magnetic conduction part consists of a tooth part and a yoke part, and the tooth parts 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 and 4-4 on the magnetic conduction part 4 are respectively aligned with the teeth 1-1-1, 1-2-1, 1-3-1 and 1-4-1 on the primary unit; the teeth 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4 on the magnetic conducting member 5 are aligned with the teeth 1-1-2, 1-2-2, 1-3-2, 1-4-2 on the primary unit, respectively. Along with the relative motion of the primary and secondary motor, the magnetic conduction part 4 and the magnetic conduction part 5 are respectively aligned with the teeth on the primary unit, so that the magnetic flux in the primary unit changes, the magnetic chain in the winding changes alternately, and the induced electromotive force is generated. The bilateral primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor can be used as a motor and a generator.
Each primary unit comprises a primary magnetic permeable member 1, a permanent magnet 2 and an armature winding 3, and the secondary part comprises a secondary magnetic permeable member 4, 5. Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) schematically show a primary unit-magnetic pole three-phase structure of the motor, and the primary units are separated from each other by 120 degrees in electrical angle to form each phase of the motor. The number of the primary units and the number of the secondary magnetic conduction parts of the motor are not limited to the above, the number of the primary units and the number of the secondary magnetic conduction parts can be increased or decreased according to the practical conditions such as the length of the phase number of the motor, the number of the magnetic poles of the primary units can be expanded or decreased to change the output of the motor, and the windings of the primary units in the same phase are mutually connected in series or in parallel, and the windings of the same primary unit can be mutually connected in series or in parallel.
FIG. 2(a) shows the primary arrangement view of the motor, along the motor moving direction, the motor primary unit interval lsAnd motor primary unit thickness τsThe motor capacity, the distance between the secondary magnetic conduction components and the like are determined, and the primary units are symmetrically distributed due to the double-side structure. FIG. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the secondary magnetic conductive parts of the motor, along the motor moving direction, the thickness of the magnetic conductive parts is taupAnd adjacent magnetic conductive parts at a distance of lp. If the motor is in M phase, the number N of primary units of the motor is 2K M, wherein K is an integer larger than zero. The primary unit interval, the secondary magnetic conductive part interval and the phase number of the motorThe relationship between (A) and (B) can be determined by the following formula:
wherein k is 0,1,2,3.
Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) show the primary unit structure of the motor. Fig. 3(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a primary unit magnetic conduction component, which mainly includes two symmetrical primary magnetic poles formed by magnetic conduction iron cores 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 and permanent magnets 2-1, 2-2, each magnetic pole being composed of one tooth of each of the two magnetic conduction iron cores and one permanent magnet winding coil; fig. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the primary unit structure, which comprises the primary unit magnetic conductive component and the armature coils 3-1 and 3-2 wound on the magnetic poles.
Fig. 4(a) shows a schematic diagram of a secondary structure of the motor, which includes a magnetic conductive member 4 and a magnetic conductive member 5, where the magnetic conductive members 4 and 5 have the same structure and are arranged in a staggered manner along a moving direction, so that a magnetic flux of a motor winding changes when the motor operates. Fig. 4(b) is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary magnetic conducting part 5(4), the magnetic conducting part 5 comprises a magnetic conducting yoke part and a tooth part, and the tooth part is composed of 5-1, 5-2, 5-3 and 5-4. The secondary structure is simple, no permanent magnet is arranged, and the manufacture is convenient.
Fig. 5(a) shows a schematic flow of magnetic flux when the secondary magnetic conductive member 5 is aligned with the primary unit, and fig. 5(b) shows a schematic flow of magnetic flux when the secondary magnetic conductive member 4 is aligned with the primary unit. As can be seen from fig. 5(a) and 5(b), when the magnetic conductive member 4 is aligned with the primary unit and when the magnetic conductive member 5 is aligned with the primary unit during the secondary motion, the direction of the flux linkage of the winding changes, and the direction of the flux flow inside the motor changes. The principle of the motor is feasible and the structure is reliable.
Fig. 6(a) is a schematic view showing an overall structure of a three-phase primary three-pole double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention, and fig. 6(b) is a schematic view showing an end view of the three-phase primary three-pole double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor; as can be seen from the figure, the purpose of increasing the power of the motor can also be achieved by increasing the number of the primary unit magnetic poles.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the secondary is moved along the moving direction, the tooth parts of two adjacent secondary magnetic conduction parts are respectively aligned with the magnetic conduction teeth in the primary unit, so that the flux linkage of the winding on the primary magnetic pole is alternatively changed, the corresponding induced electromotive force is induced by the winding, and when the changing current is applied to the primary winding, the thrust is generated. Through reasonable arrangement of the distance between the primary units and the distance between the secondary magnetic conduction parts, the power is reasonably supplied to each phase winding of the primary units according to the relative position between the primary and secondary in the movement direction, and continuous thrust can be generated.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A double-sided primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor is characterized in that: the magnetic flux linkage type permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises a plurality of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit comprises a magnetic conduction part, an armature winding and a permanent magnet, the magnetic conduction parts and the permanent magnets form a plurality of magnetic poles and magnetic conduction yoke parts, each magnetic pole comprises two magnetic conduction teeth and a permanent magnet in the middle of the two magnetic conduction teeth, the windings are wound on the magnetic poles, two auxiliary magnetic conduction teeth are arranged on two sides of each primary unit, and the primary units are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the secondary mechanism; the secondary mechanism is formed by staggering and alternately arranging magnetic conduction components;
when the magnetic poles on the same primary unit are more than 1, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, namely the opposite surface magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets are the same, and the permanent magnets on the primary unit are alternately magnetized in parallel;
the number of the primary units is an integral multiple of the phase number M of the motor;
the number of the magnetic poles of each primary unit is an integer, and is independent of the number of phases;
the linear motor is of a bilateral symmetrical structure, the corresponding primary units are of the same phase, the magnetizing directions of the bilaterally symmetrical permanent magnets are the same, and the generated magnetic field loops are mutually independent and do not interfere with each other;
primary unit windings in the same phase in the motor are mutually connected in series or in parallel;
the number of the primary unit magnetic poles is not limited by the phase number of the motor, the thickness of the magnetic conducting parts in the moving direction, the primary unit interval and the secondary magnetic conducting part interval and is an integer;
the primary unit interval lsIs spaced from the permanent magnet pair by a distance of lpThe relationship of (1) is:
wherein k is 0,1,2,3, and M is the number of motor phases.
2. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: in each movement period, the magnetic conduction teeth with different magnetic poles of the primary side interact with the two teeth of the secondary side respectively.
3. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary magnetic conduction part interval lpWith the thickness τ of the secondary magnetically conductive memberpThe relationship of (1) is: lp≥τp。
4. A double-sided primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: one of the primary and secondary is a stationary component and the other is a moving component, either an electric motor or a generator.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052238A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-17 | 江苏大学 | Bilateral primary permanent magnetic vernier linear motor |
| CN105356721A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-24 | 山东大学 | Double-face double-magnetic-circuit transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor |
| CN106981968A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | The continuous pole dual-side flat plate type permanent-magnetism linear motor of independent winding |
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| CN103595217B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-10-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052238A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-17 | 江苏大学 | Bilateral primary permanent magnetic vernier linear motor |
| CN105356721A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-24 | 山东大学 | Double-face double-magnetic-circuit transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor |
| CN106981968A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | The continuous pole dual-side flat plate type permanent-magnetism linear motor of independent winding |
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