CN103595217A - Permanent magnetic linear motor provided with no yoke portions on secondary and capable of conducting bilateral magnetic flow switching - Google Patents
Permanent magnetic linear motor provided with no yoke portions on secondary and capable of conducting bilateral magnetic flow switching Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The structure of a permanent magnetic linear motor provided with no yoke portions on secondary and capable of conducting bilateral magnetic flow switching can be seen in attached drawings. The motor comprises bilateral primary and the secondary, and air gaps are formed between the primary and the secondary. The unilateral primary comprises m permanent magnets and m+1 U-shaped magnetic conductive teeth, or comprises 2m permanent magnets and 2m-1 U-shaped magnetic conductive teeth, and m is the phase number of the motor. The distance between the center lines of every two adjacent U-shaped magnetic conductive teeth is a primary polar distance taup. Each permanent magnet is clamped between the two corresponding U-shaped magnetic conductive teeth, and every two adjacent permanent magnets conduct alternating and parallel magnetizing, a centralized winding is arranged in a groove of each U-shaped magnetic conductive tooth, the relative displacement of every two adjacent phases of windings is lambda1=(j+/-1/m)taus or lambda1=[j+/-(0.5-1/m)]taus, and both m and j are positive integers. The relative position of the bilateral primary and the relative position of the secondary are the same, and the permanent magnets corresponding to the relative positions have opposite magnetizing directions. The secondary is composed of magnetic conductive blocks or is composed of magnetic conductive blocks and connecting bridges, and the distance between the center lines of every two adjacent magnetic conductive blocks is a secondary polar distance taus. The magnetic conductive blocks of the secondary of the motor and the permanent magnets of the bilateral primary of the motor form a series circuit, the yoke portions on the secondary are omitted, the cost and weight of the secondary are reduced, and output power and load capacity of the motor are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly secondaryly without the bilateral magnetic flux of yoke portion, switch permanent-magnetism linear motor, belong to motor manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Along with industrial expansion, linear electric motors are widely used.Compare with traditional electric rotating machine type of drive, adopt linear electric motors driving to save and be converted to straight-line mechanical gear rotatablely moving, can reduce costs, less noise, reduces system bulk, lowers maintenance cost.Driving occasion as track traffic, high-rise building elevator, the isometric distance of factory's transportation, adopt electric rotating machine type of drive can bring the shortcomings such as Drive Structure is complicated, cost is high, dynamic response is slow.Therefore, adopt linear electric motors to replace this technological means of electric rotating machine, can overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of electric rotating machine in above-mentioned application scenario, improve the efficiency of whole system.
China is rare earth permanent magnet big country, and along with the development of power electronics and magnetic material, permanent magnetic brushless is developed rapidly.This type of motor has the advantages such as high efficiency, high power density.Its corresponding linear structure is also widely studied.Traditional permanent magnet linear synchronous motor has the two-fold advantage of magneto and linear electric motors concurrently.Compare with line inductance electromotor, the pushing force density of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is high, volume is little, lightweight, and has dynamic brake function.Yet, because permanent magnet and the armature winding of traditional magneto is arranged on respectively primary and secondary, and the cost of permanent magnet and armature is all higher, as track traffic, high-rise building elevator, factory, in transporting isometric distance, causing undoubtedly the manufacturing cost of system and maintenance cost significantly to increase.
Magneticflux-switching type primary permanent magnet motor secondary is simple in structure, only by magnetic conductive iron, formed, in driving, above-mentioned long distance not only there is permanent-magnetism linear motor power density high, efficiency is high, power factor advantages of higher, and thering is line inductance electromotor and switched relutance linear motor is simple in structure, cost is low, is easy to the advantages such as maintenance.But traditional monolateral or bilateral magnetic flux switching straight line motor secondary yoke portion shared proportion unshakable in one's determination is larger, brings the waste of material and cost to improve.
For further improving the power density of flux switch motor and reducing secondary cost, the present invention proposes a kind of secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor.The present invention has improved the power output of motor, secondary cost and weight have been reduced, both having can be long distance drives occasion to provide a kind of power density high, the solution that cost is low, can be again and using the secondary type of drive as moving component and provide a kind of power density high, the drive scheme that load capacity is strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing cost that reduces, improve power of motor density and carrying load ability, reduce the secondary of maintenance cost and switch permanent-magnetism linear motor without the bilateral magnetic flux of yoke portion.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Of the present inventionly secondaryly without the bilateral magnetic flux of yoke portion, switch permanent-magnetism linear motor and comprise bilateral primary and secondary, there is air gap between the two.Secondaryly magnetic inductive block, consist of, the distance between adjacent magnetic inductive block is secondary pole span τ s, and secondary adjacent magnetic inductive block is spaced or adopts connecting bridge to be connected; Monolaterally elementaryly comprise m piece permanent magnet and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of m+1 piece, or 2m piece permanent magnet and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of 2m-1 piece, the number of phases that m is motor; Every permanent magnet is clipped between two U-shaped magnetic teeth, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent two permanent magnets is contrary, and concentrated winding is arranged in the groove of U-shaped magnetic teeth and entangles permanent magnet; The relative displacement of adjacent phase winding is λ 1=(j ± 1/m) τ s or λ 1=[j ± (0.5-1/m)] τ s, m, j is positive integer, and adjacent two U-shaped tooth distances between center line are elementary pole span τ p; Bilateral elementary with secondary relative position is identical, and its corresponding permanent magnet magnetizing direction is contrary, and its corresponding armature winding direction of winding is identical with the sense of current.
When above-mentioned monolateral elementary while comprising m piece permanent magnet and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of m+1 piece, the U-shaped magnetic teeth on each permanent magnet and both sides is all being overlapped a concentrated armature winding, and two phase windings are set in the groove of each U-shaped magnetic teeth; When monolateral elementary while comprising 2m piece permanent magnet and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of 2m-1 piece, the U-shaped magnetic teeth spacer sleeve on permanent magnet and both sides a concentrated winding, and a phase winding is only set in the groove of each U-shaped magnetic teeth; Bilateral concentrated winding composition one phase in series or in parallel with each other that belongs to homophase in elementary.
Above-mentionedly secondaryly by magnetic inductive block, form or formed by magnetic inductive block and connecting bridge, that secondary available non-magnet material is filled is fastening (as die casting aluminium etc.), main feature of the present invention is that secondary magnetic inductive block provides passage for bilateral primary permanent magnet body forms series circuit, thereby has formed a kind of novel without secondary yoke portion bilateral series circuit magnetic flux switching straight line motor.Due on secondary both without permanent magnet also without winding, only by the lower magnetic inductive block of price, formed, make the present invention be specially adapted to, as long stator application scenarios such as track traffic, high-rise building elevators, can greatly reduce the cost of system.Because mover is only comprised of magnetic inductive block, between magnetic inductive block, without yoke portion, it is lightweight, can improve power density and the carrying load ability of system at short distance ejection system simultaneously.
Above-mentioned monolateral elementary in adjacent two permanent magnets replace parallel magnetization, bilateral two elementary with secondary relative positions are identical, and its corresponding permanent magnet magnetizing direction is contrary.Therefore, the permanent magnet of bilateral elementary correspondence is by elementary U-shaped magnetic teeth, air gap, and secondary magnetic inductive block forms series circuit, and the height of permanent magnet and magnetizing direction thickness can be adjusted as required.
Above-mentioned secondary one of the primary and secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor is fixed part, and another is moving component, and its structure is bilateral slab construction or cylinder type, can be motor or generator.
Above-mentioned secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor module, comprise that x is individual described without the bilateral Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnetism linear motor of yoke portion, x is positive integer, and x secondary without the bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor integral body in series of yoke portion or separately control separately.Thereby increased system survivability.
The permanent magnet of motor of the present invention and armature winding are all placed on elementary upper, and secondary structure is simple, without winding, brushless, without permanent magnet, be only magnetic inductive block, can be spaced apart between magnetic inductive block, and also can adopt connecting bridge connected.Permanent magnet is placed in elementary, is easy to heat radiation, and reliability is high.Compare with traditional magnetic flux switching straight line motor, the present invention is secondary to be only comprised of magnetic inductive block, does not need conductive magnetic yoke portion between adjacent magnetic inductive block, and its structure is simpler, not only greatly reduces secondary cost and weight, and has higher power density.From magnetic structure, the present invention is a kind of novel without secondary yoke portion bilateral series circuit magnetic flux switching straight line motor.Elementaryly secondaryly all can adopt modularized design, modular construction is conducive to produce and install, and is specially adapted to long stator application scenario, can greatly reduce system cost.
When secondary during as short mover, because it is simple in structure, without permanent magnet, brushless, lightweight, in short distance, launch the power density that not only can improve ejection system in drive system, and can improve the carrying load ability of ejection system and the reliability of system.
Therefore, the present invention is with a wide range of applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention 1 electric machine structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 embodiment 1 motor A phase winding magnetic linkage reaches minimum position local module magnetic line of force distribution map
Fig. 3 embodiment 1 motor A phase winding magnetic linkage reaches maximum position local module magnetic line of force distribution map
Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention 2 electric machine structure schematic diagrames;
Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention 3 electric machine structure schematic diagrames;
Fig. 6 embodiment of the present invention 4 electric machine structure schematic diagrames;
Embodiment:
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes bilateral elementary 11, secondary 10 and concentrated winding 113, between described elementary 11 and secondary 10, there is air gap.Monolateral elementary 11 comprise m piece permanent magnet 112 and the U-shaped magnetic teeth 111 of m+1 piece, the number of phases that m=3 is motor; Every permanent magnet 112 is clipped between two U-shaped magnetic teeth 111, concentrate winding 113 to be arranged in the groove of U-shaped magnetic teeth and entangle permanent magnet 112, adjacent relative displacement of concentrating mutually winding 113 is λ 1=(j ± 1/m) τ s or λ 1=[j ± (0.5-1/m)] τ s, m, j is positive integer.λ 1=in the present embodiment (j+ (0.5-1/m)] τ s, m=3, j=1; τ s is secondary 10 pole spans, and elementary 11 pole span is τ p;
In the present embodiment, adopt in secondary 10 connecting bridge 101 to be connected between adjacent magnetic inductive block 100, elementary in the present embodiment is short mover, and secondary is long stator, and Fig. 1 only provides part secondary structure.
In the present embodiment, the monolateral elementary winding in three-phase set (being A1 in Fig. 1, B1, C1 or A11, B11, C11) that has, belongs to homophase windings in series or composes in parallel a phase winding, places two phase windings in the groove of middle U-shaped tooth.
In the present embodiment, in monolateral elementary 11, adjacent two permanent magnets 112 replace parallel magnetization, bilateral two elementary 11 identical with secondary 10 relative position, and its corresponding permanent magnet magnetizing direction is contrary, permanent magnet magnetizing direction is as shown in arrow in accompanying drawing, its corresponding winding winding mode is identical, and the current phase in winding is identical.As shown in Figure 1, bilateral two permanent magnets of homophase that belong in elementary are by U-shaped tooth 111, air gap, secondary 10 magnetic inductive blocks 100 form series circuit, and (in figure, two permanent magnets at A1 and A11 winding place pass through U-shaped tooth 111, air gap, secondary 10 magnetic inductive blocks 100 form series circuit), and meet magnetic flux switch operating principle.
For the operation principle of motor of the present invention is described, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have provided the magnetic line of force of module of the present invention when diverse location and have distributed.When elementary 11 movers move to position shown in Fig. 2 with certain speed, the group of paths that bilateral elementary two permanent magnets provide by secondary magnetic inductive block becomes series circuit, its main flux path as shown by arrows in FIG., now in A phase winding, the magnetic linkage of linkage is approximately zero, and the back-emf amplitude in A phase winding reaches positive maximum.When elementary 11 movers continue the distance with certain speed motion τ s/4, while being position shown in Fig. 3, the group of paths that bilateral elementary two permanent magnets provide by secondary magnetic inductive block becomes series circuit, its main flux path as shown by arrows in FIG., now in A phase winding, the magnetic linkage of linkage is approximately positive maximum, and the back-emf amplitude in A phase winding reduces to zero; When elementary 11 movers continue the distance with certain speed motion τ s/4, in A phase winding, the magnetic linkage of linkage is approximate is reduced to zero, and now the back-emf amplitude in A phase winding is negative maximum; When elementary 11 movers continue the distance with certain speed motion τ s/4, in A phase winding, the magnetic linkage of linkage is similar to and reduces to negative maximum, now the back-emf amplitude in A phase winding reaches again positive maximum, elementary mover 360 ° of electrical cycles (i.e. mobile τ s distance) of doing exercises now, it is sinusoidal wave that the variation waveform of its magnetic linkage and back-emf is approximately.
Structure of the present invention has following features: the first, and secondary 10 suffered bilateral elementary 11 Normal Forces are cancelled out each other, thereby reduce the frictional dissipation of system.The second, two permanent magnets of bilateral homophase 113 are by elementary U-shaped tooth 111, air gap, secondary 10 magnetic inductive blocks 100 form series circuit, save secondary 11 yoke portion materials, thereby greatly reduce secondary 10 cost and weight, improved power density and the carrying load ability of this electric system.
Embodiment 2:
The motor module of Fig. 4 for being formed by two embodiment 1 motors.In the present embodiment monolateral elementary in every phase winding by two, concentrate and to form around A1 and A2 serial or parallel connection.Concentrate relative secondary position λ 2=(0.5+3) the τ s of two permanent magnets around A1 and A2 place, therefore the electromagnetic property between the two has complementary characteristic, when concentrating when A1 and A2 are composed in series A phase winding, A phase winding back-emf amplitude is for concentrating the twice around A1 and A2 fundamental voltage amplitude, and when concentrating the high order harmonic component in A1 and A2 to cancel out each other, therefore can improve the sine of A phase winding back-emf.Meanwhile, the detent force of the present embodiment motor is also weakened.Bilateral elementary 11 windings that belong to homophase can form a phase winding by serial or parallel connection.
Embodiment 3:
The motor module of Fig. 5 for being formed by two embodiment 2 motors.In the present embodiment, every phase winding is concentrated windings by two groups in monolateral elementary 11, and A1+A2 and A3+A4 serial or parallel connection form.Concentrate identical with secondary relative position with A3 around A1, concentrated also identical with secondary relative position around A2 and A4.Concentrate around A1 or A3 and concentrate around A2 or relative secondary position λ 2=(0.5+3) the τ s of A4 with concentrated winding, therefore between two groups of concentrated windings 113, have complementary characteristic.Therefore, in the present invention, two embodiment 2 motors can be composed in series a new motor module, also can parallel Operation Control.The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 and 2 is, the motor bilateral elementary 11 described in the present embodiment is as fixed part, and short secondary 10 as moving component.The present invention, in electromagnetic launch and short distance transportation system, can improve carrying load ability and the power density of drive system.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 6, the difference of the present invention and embodiment 1 is, monolateral elementary 11 comprise 2m piece permanent magnet 112 and the U-shaped magnetic teeth 111 of 2m-1 piece, the number of phases that m=3 is motor.The difference of the present invention and embodiment 2 is to concentrate number and the connected mode of winding.In the present embodiment, in monolateral elementary 11 modules, every phase only has 1 concentrated winding 113, and U-shaped magnetic teeth 111 spacer sleeves on permanent magnet 112 and both sides a concentrated armature winding 113, and a phase winding is only set in the groove of each U-shaped magnetic teeth.Structure of the present invention has following features: in primary module, between the concentrated winding of homophase, mutual inductance is not little, so the fault-tolerant ability of this motor is strong.By a plurality of the present embodiment motors, according to the method for embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, also can obtain a plurality of new motor modules, the present invention no longer describes in detail.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. time level is switched permanent-magnetism linear motor without the bilateral magnetic flux of yoke portion, comprises bilateral elementary (11), secondary (10) and concentrated winding (113), between described elementary (11) and secondary (10), has air gap, it is characterized in that,
Described monolateral elementary (11) comprise m piece permanent magnet (112) and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of m+1 piece (111), or 2m piece permanent magnet (112) and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of 2m-1 piece (111), the number of phases that m is motor; Every permanent magnet (112) is clipped between two U-shaped magnetic teeth (111), concentrate winding (113) to be arranged in the groove of U-shaped magnetic teeth and entangle permanent magnet (112), adjacent relative displacement of concentrating mutually winding (113) is λ 1=(j ± 1/m) τ s or λ 1=[j ± (0.5-1/m)] τ s, m, j is positive integer; τ s is the distance between secondary (10) adjacent two magnetic inductive blocks (101), and adjacent two U-shaped magnetic teeth (111) distances between center line are elementary (11) pole span τ p;
Described secondary (10) are comprised of magnetic inductive block (100), and the distance between adjacent magnetic inductive block (100) is secondary pole span τ s, and secondary adjacent magnetic inductive block (100) is spaced or adopts connecting bridge (101) to be connected; Secondary magnetic inductive block (100) provides passage for bilateral primary permanent magnet body forms series circuit, has formed a kind of novel bilateral series circuit magnetic flux switching straight line motor.
2. according to claim 1 secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor, it is characterized in that, when described monolateral elementary (11) comprise m piece permanent magnet (112) and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of m+1 piece (111), the U-shaped magnetic teeth on each permanent magnet and both sides is all being overlapped a concentrated armature winding (113), two-phase is set in the groove of each U-shaped magnetic teeth and concentrates winding; When monolateral elementary while comprising 2m piece permanent magnet and the U-shaped magnetic teeth of 2m-1 piece, the U-shaped magnetic teeth spacer sleeve on permanent magnet and both sides a concentrated armature winding, only arranges one and concentrate mutually winding in the groove of each U-shaped magnetic teeth; Concentrated winding (113) serial or parallel connection that belongs to homophase in bilateral elementary (11) forms a phase.
3. according to claim 1 secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor, it is characterized in that, described secondary (10) are comprised of magnetic inductive block (100) or are comprised of magnetic inductive block (100) and connecting bridge (101), that secondary (10) available non-magnet material is filled is fastening (as die casting aluminium etc.), for further fastening secondary, magnetic inductive block can leave installing hole on (100).
4. according to claim 1 secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor, it is characterized in that, in monolateral elementary (11), adjacent two permanent magnets (112) replace parallel magnetization, bilateral two elementary (11) are identical with the relative position of secondary (10), and its corresponding permanent magnet magnetizing direction is contrary, height and the width of permanent magnet (112) can be adjusted as required, and the winding mode of the same phase winding of its correspondence and current phase are all identical.
5. according to claim 1 secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor, it is characterized in that, one of described primary and secondary is fixed part, and another is moving component, its structure is bilateral slab construction or cylinder type, can be motor or generator.
6. by the secondary motor module forming without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor described in claim 1～5, it is characterized in that, comprise that x is individual described secondary without yoke portion bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor, x is positive integer; X described secondary without the bilateral magnetic flux switching permanent-magnetism linear motor integral body in series of yoke portion or separately control separately.
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| CN104319976A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internal armature field enhancement-type permanent magnet flux-switching linear motor |
| CN104600951A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Primary electrically-excited series magnetic circuit double-side linear motor |
| CN106301139A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-01-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Permanent-magnetism linear motor and control method, device and system |
| CN106972730A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-07-21 | 南京航空航天大学金城学院 | One kind distribution field excitation linear permanent-magnet type flux switching motor |
| CN110030916A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-19 | 安徽拓信电气科技有限公司 | A kind of primary permanent magnet formula linear position sensors |
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| US10686357B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2020-06-16 | Otis Elevator Company | Door operator with switched flux linear motor |
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| CN113162365A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-23 | 沈阳工业大学 | Bilateral magnetic flux switching type magnetic suspension permanent magnet linear synchronous motor and control method thereof |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104319976A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internal armature field enhancement-type permanent magnet flux-switching linear motor |
| CN104319976B (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-01-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internal armature field enhancement-type permanent magnet flux-switching linear motor |
| CN104600951B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2018-02-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Primary electrical excitation series circuit bilateral linear motor |
| CN104600951A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Primary electrically-excited series magnetic circuit double-side linear motor |
| CN106301139B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Permanent-magnetism linear motor and its control method, device and system |
| CN106301139A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-01-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Permanent-magnetism linear motor and control method, device and system |
| US10686357B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2020-06-16 | Otis Elevator Company | Door operator with switched flux linear motor |
| CN106972730A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-07-21 | 南京航空航天大学金城学院 | One kind distribution field excitation linear permanent-magnet type flux switching motor |
| CN110030916A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-19 | 安徽拓信电气科技有限公司 | A kind of primary permanent magnet formula linear position sensors |
| CN110690809A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-01-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Double-side primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor |
| CN112865477A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-28 | 高明铁企业股份有限公司 | Thin bipolar phase alignment linear stepping motor |
| CN113162365A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-23 | 沈阳工业大学 | Bilateral magnetic flux switching type magnetic suspension permanent magnet linear synchronous motor and control method thereof |
| CN113162365B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2023-10-13 | 沈阳工业大学 | Double-sided magnetic flux switching type magnetic suspension permanent magnet linear synchronous motor and control method thereof |
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