CN110690481A - Pressure regulator control method of fuel cell system - Google Patents
Pressure regulator control method of fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690481A CN110690481A CN201910899777.9A CN201910899777A CN110690481A CN 110690481 A CN110690481 A CN 110690481A CN 201910899777 A CN201910899777 A CN 201910899777A CN 110690481 A CN110690481 A CN 110690481A
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- pressure regulator
- pressure
- duty ratio
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system, which comprises the steps of detecting the nozzle pressure value of a pressure regulator; calculating a duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value; calculating the pressure fluctuation amplitude according to the nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator; calculating a switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude; determining the number of valves needing to be opened by the pressure regulator according to a preset duty ratio threshold value and a duty ratio; and controlling a pressure regulator to regulate the pressure of the fuel cell according to the number of valves to be opened and the switching period. The method has the advantages that the system with different flow consumption from small flow to large flow is satisfied by changing the arrangement and combination mode of valve operation, so that the product applicability is wider; and a double closed loop mode of working frequency and working duty ratio is adopted in control, so that the stability of pressure regulation is ensured when the working mode of the valve is switched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method, in particular to a pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell automobile technology is gradually developed and matured, and as a new energy automobile with zero pollution and zero emission, the hydrogen fuel cell automobile has increasingly entered a traffic system and is widely accepted by the public. The fuel cell vehicle takes hydrogen as fuel, chemical energy is efficiently converted into electric energy through a fuel engine so as to drive the vehicle, and pure water is only discharged in the whole process, so that the fuel cell vehicle is an ideal energy-saving environment-friendly zero-emission vehicle for replacing the traditional fossil fuel vehicle in the near future.
The pressure reducing valve is used for regulating the hydrogen pressure on the conventional hydrogen fuel cell system, the pressure reducing valve as a mechanical pressure regulating device cannot realize real-time change of the hydrogen side along with the air side pressure, the outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve can be further reduced along with the increase of the air quantity, the hydrogen air pressure difference is increased continuously, the constant of the hydrogen air pressure difference is difficult to maintain, and the service life of the electric pile is greatly influenced.
The electronic pressure regulator can electronically regulate the pressure of the hydrogen side according to the pressure of the air side in real time, and maintain the pressure difference between two sides of the fuel cell membrane in a reasonable and stable range, so that the durability of the fuel cell is greatly improved. The electronic pressure regulating hardware generally controls the hydrogen flow through 2-N valves, and the control usually adopts the mode of opening the valves alternately in turn, i.e. opening the first valve first, opening the second valve after a certain time interval, and so on. In the mode, when the flow demand is lower in a steady state, the flow demand of the system can be met by sequentially opening the valves, and because the air flow and the air pressure have the characteristics of strong nonlinearity and high coupling, the existing air supply system is difficult to accurately control the air flow and the air pressure in the fuel cell stack.
The existing electronic pressure regulator regulates the pressure of hydrogen in real time through electronic pressure regulation to ensure the hydrogen-air pressure difference, can meet the requirement that the flow demand of a galvanic pile is small under a steady-state condition, but the flow is increased in a transient purge state, if a method that valves are sequentially and alternately opened is still adopted, higher requirements can be provided for the circulation capacity of a single valve, and the design requirement for a coil can be upgraded. Moreover, on a pile with larger power, the control mode can not meet the requirement under the condition of not changing the aperture of the valve, and the use adaptability is poor.
In view of the foregoing, it would be desirable to provide a pressure regulator control method for a fuel cell system that overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for controlling a pressure regulator of a fuel cell system that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system, the pressure regulator control method including a plurality of steps of:
step 1: detecting a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator;
step 2: calculating a duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value;
and step 3: calculating the pressure fluctuation amplitude according to the nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator;
and 4, step 4: calculating a switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude;
and 5: determining the number of valves needing to be opened by the pressure regulator according to a preset duty ratio threshold value and a duty ratio;
step 6: and controlling a pressure regulator to regulate the pressure of the fuel cell according to the number of valves to be opened and the switching period.
According to the voltage regulator control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2: calculating a duty ratio using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value includes:
step 201: detecting a current switching period;
step 202: obtaining a pre-calibrated feedforward duty ratio according to the current switching period and a preset target flow;
step 203: calculating a feedback duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value;
step 204: and calculating the duty ratio according to the feedforward duty ratio and the feedback duty ratio.
According to the voltage regulator control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention, in step 4: calculating a switching period using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude includes:
step 401: detecting the number of currently opened valves;
step 402: obtaining a pre-calibrated feedforward switching period according to the number of currently opened valves;
step 403: calculating a feedback switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude;
step 404: the switching period is calculated from the feed-forward switching period and the feedback switching period.
According to the voltage regulator control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention, in the step 5: determining the number of valves to be opened by the pressure regulator according to the preset duty cycle threshold and the duty cycle comprises:
step 501: obtaining n preset duty ratio threshold values P1,P2…PnWherein n is less than the total number of valves of the pressure regulator and P1<P2<…<Pn；
Step 502: comparing the duty ratio with a preset duty ratio threshold value P1,P2…PnAnd determining the duty ratio threshold interval where the duty ratio is located and the number of valves which need to be opened by the corresponding pressure regulator.
According to the pressure regulator control method provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell system includes a stack, a first pipeline, an air pump, a second pipeline, a pressure regulator, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline, a hydrogen bottle, and a tail exhaust valve, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on an anode of the stack, the first pipeline is a three-way pipeline, a first end of the first pipeline is communicated with the air outlet of the stack, a second end of the first pipeline is communicated with the air pump, a third end of the first pipeline is communicated with the tail exhaust valve, the pressure regulator is communicated with the air pump through the second pipeline, the air inlet is communicated with the pressure regulator through the third pipeline, and the pressure regulator is further communicated with the hydrogen bottle through the fourth pipeline.
According to the pressure regulator control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pressure regulator comprises a plurality of valves, and the valves of the pressure regulator can be opened individually or simultaneously according to a cycle.
The voltage regulator control method has the advantages that: the system with different flow consumption from small flow to large flow can be satisfied by changing the arrangement and combination mode of valve operation, so that the product has wider applicability; and a double closed loop mode of working frequency and working duty ratio is adopted in control, so that the stability of pressure regulation is ensured when the working mode of the valve is switched.
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The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As is readily understood by those skilled in the art: these drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the figure:
fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1-2 and the following description depict alternative embodiments of the invention to teach those skilled in the art how to make and reproduce the invention. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted for the purpose of teaching the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations or substitutions from these embodiments will fall within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the following alternative embodiments, but is only limited by the claims and their equivalents.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, wherein the fuel cell system includes galvanic pile 1, first pipeline 2, air pump 3, second pipeline 4, voltage regulator 5, third pipeline 6, fourth pipeline 7, hydrogen bottle 8 and tail valve 9, be equipped with air inlet 12 and gas outlet 11 on galvanic pile 1's the positive pole, first pipeline 2 is the tee bend pipeline, the first end of first pipeline 2 and galvanic pile 1's gas outlet 11 intercommunication, the second end and the air pump 3 intercommunication of first pipeline 2, the third end and the tail valve 9 intercommunication of first pipeline 2, voltage regulator 5 pass through second pipeline 4 and air pump 3 intercommunication, and air inlet 12 passes through third pipeline 6 and voltage regulator 5 intercommunication, and voltage regulator 5 still communicates with hydrogen bottle 8 through fourth pipeline 7.
According to the regulator control method provided in the above embodiment of the present invention, the regulator 9 includes a plurality of valves 91, and the plurality of valves 91 of the regulator 9 may be opened individually or simultaneously in a plurality of cycles.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the voltage regulator control method includes a plurality of steps:
step 101: detecting a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator;
step 102: calculating a duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value;
step 103: calculating the pressure fluctuation amplitude according to the nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator;
step 104: calculating a switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude;
step 105: determining the number of valves needing to be opened by the pressure regulator according to a preset duty ratio threshold value and a duty ratio;
step 106: and controlling a pressure regulator to regulate the pressure of the fuel cell according to the number of valves to be opened and the switching period.
According to the control method of the pressure regulator provided by the above one embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle is an air outlet of the pressure regulator.
According to the pressure regulator control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the step of controlling the pressure regulator to regulate the pressure of the fuel cell according to the number of valves to be opened and the switching period refers to: when the number of the valves needing to be opened is a, all the valves are divided into a plurality of groups by taking a valves as a group, and a group of a valves is opened according to the switching period each time to regulate the pressure of the fuel cell.
The voltage regulator control method according to the above one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the step 102: calculating a duty ratio using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value includes:
step 102 a: detecting a current switching period;
step 102 b: obtaining a pre-calibrated feedforward duty ratio according to the current switching period and a preset target flow;
step 102 c: calculating a feedback duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value;
step 102 d: and calculating the duty ratio according to the feedforward duty ratio and the feedback duty ratio.
The voltage regulator control method according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, wherein the step 104: calculating a switching period using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude includes:
step 104 a: detecting the number of currently opened valves;
step 104 b: obtaining a pre-calibrated feedforward switching period according to the number of currently opened valves;
step 104 c: calculating a feedback switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude;
step 104 d: the switching period is calculated from the feed-forward switching period and the feedback switching period.
According to the voltage regulator control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention, in the step 105: determining the number of valves to be opened by the pressure regulator according to the preset duty cycle threshold and the duty cycle comprises:
step 105 a: obtaining n preset duty ratio threshold values P1,P2…PnWherein n is less than the total number of valves of the pressure regulator and P1<P2<…<Pn；
Step 105 b: comparing the duty ratio with a preset duty ratio threshold value P1,P2…PnAnd determining the duty ratio threshold interval where the duty ratio is located and the number of valves which need to be opened by the corresponding pressure regulator.
According to the voltage regulator control method provided by the above one embodiment of the present invention, the preset duty ratio threshold P is1,P2…PnThe method for determining the corresponding relationship between the duty ratio threshold interval where the duty ratio is located and the number of valves that the corresponding pressure regulator needs to open includes, but is not limited to: setting the duty cycle of valve opening from 0% -PmaxSaid P ismaxDetermined according to the number of valves and P1,P2…PnAre all less than PmaxWhen duty ratio<P1When in use, the number of the valves needing to be opened is 1, and the single valves work alternately in sequence; when the duty ratio is more than or equal to P1And is less than P2When in use, the number of the valves to be opened is 2, each 2 valves are simultaneously opened as one group, and a plurality of groups of valves alternately work; when the duty ratio is more than or equal to P2And is less than P3When in use, the number of valves to be opened is 3, each 3 valves are opened simultaneously, and a plurality of groups of valves work alternately; when the duty ratio is more than or equal to PnAt this time, the number of valves to be opened is the number of all valves of the pressure regulator, and all valves work together.
The voltage regulator control method has the advantages that: the system with different flow consumption from small flow to large flow can be satisfied by changing the arrangement and combination mode of valve operation, so that the product has wider applicability; and a double closed loop mode of working frequency and working duty ratio is adopted in control, so that the stability of pressure regulation is ensured when the working mode of the valve is switched.
It will of course be realised that whilst the foregoing has been given by way of illustrative example of this invention, all such and other modifications and variations thereto as would be apparent to persons skilled in the art are deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of this invention as is herein set forth. Therefore, while this invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended that the novel apparatus be limited thereby, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the broad scope of the above disclosure and the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by comprising a plurality of steps of:
step 1: detecting a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator;
step 2: calculating a duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value;
and step 3: calculating the pressure fluctuation amplitude according to the nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator;
and 4, step 4: calculating a switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude;
and 5: determining the number of valves needing to be opened by the pressure regulator according to a preset duty ratio threshold value and a duty ratio;
step 6: and controlling a pressure regulator to regulate the pressure of the fuel cell according to the number of valves to be opened and the switching period.
2. A pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein said step 2: calculating a duty ratio using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value includes:
step 201: detecting a current switching period;
step 202: obtaining a pre-calibrated feedforward duty ratio according to the current switching period and a preset target flow;
step 203: calculating a feedback duty ratio by using a PID algorithm according to a nozzle pressure value of the pressure regulator and a preset target pressure value;
step 204: and calculating the duty ratio according to the feedforward duty ratio and the feedback duty ratio.
3. A pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein said step 4: calculating a switching period using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude includes:
step 401: detecting the number of currently opened valves;
step 402: obtaining a pre-calibrated feedforward switching period according to the number of currently opened valves;
step 403: calculating a feedback switching period by using a PID algorithm according to the pressure fluctuation amplitude and a preset target pressure fluctuation amplitude;
step 404: the switching period is calculated from the feed-forward switching period and the feedback switching period.
4. A pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein said step 5: determining the number of valves to be opened by the pressure regulator according to the preset duty cycle threshold and the duty cycle comprises:
step 501: obtaining n preset duty ratio threshold values P1,P2…PnWherein n is less than the total number of valves of the pressure regulator and P1<P2<…<Pn；
Step 502: comparing the duty ratio with a preset duty ratio threshold value P1,P2…PnAnd determining the duty ratio threshold interval where the duty ratio is located and the number of valves which need to be opened by the corresponding pressure regulator.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell system includes a stack, a first pipeline, an air pump, a second pipeline, a pressure regulator, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline, a hydrogen bottle, and a tail exhaust valve, the anode of the stack is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the first pipeline is a three-way pipeline, a first end of the first pipeline is communicated with the air outlet of the stack, a second end of the first pipeline is communicated with the air pump, a third end of the first pipeline is communicated with the tail exhaust valve, the pressure regulator is communicated with the air pump through the second pipeline, the air inlet is communicated with the pressure regulator through the third pipeline, and the pressure regulator is further communicated with the hydrogen bottle through the fourth pipeline.
6. A pressure regulator control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein the pressure regulator includes a plurality of valves, the hydrogen discharge valve is communicated with the fuel cell, and the plurality of valves of the hydrogen discharge valve are opened individually or simultaneously in a plurality of cycles.
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| CN201910899777.9A CN110690481B (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | Pressure regulator control method of fuel cell system |
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| CN201910899777.9A CN110690481B (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | Pressure regulator control method of fuel cell system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113285087A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-08-20 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Heat radiation system for fuel cell |
| CN114784337A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 深圳市氢蓝时代动力科技有限公司 | Test system, generator and method for hydrogen gas circuit of fuel cell generator |
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| CN110690481B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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