CN110686222B

CN110686222B - Solar steam generator

Info

Publication number: CN110686222B
Application number: CN201810731256.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Hunan Feierfa Products Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan feierfa products Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-07-05
Filing date: 2018-07-05
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-05
Also published as: CN111678109B; CN110686222A; CN111678109A; CN111678108A; CN111678108B

Abstract

The invention provides a solar steam generator which comprises a reflector and a steam drum, wherein the steam drum is positioned at the focus position of the reflector, the reflector reflects solar energy to the steam drum for heating water in the steam drum, a heat pipe which extends upwards from the bottom of the steam drum is arranged in the steam drum, a separation device is arranged in the heat pipe, the separation device is of a sheet structure, and the sheet structure is arranged on the cross section of the heat pipe; the separating device is composed of a square through hole and a regular octagon through hole, the side length of the square through hole is equal to that of the regular octagon through hole, four sides of the square through hole are respectively sides of four different regular octagon through holes, and four mutually spaced sides of the regular octagon through hole are respectively sides of four different square through holes. The invention further improves the flow stabilizing effect, strengthens heat transfer and has simple manufacture.

Description

Solar steam generator

Technical Field

The invention relates to a steam generator technology, in particular to a steam generator of a heat pipe with a novel structure.

Background

The heat pipe technology was Ross Alamos (Los Alamos) in 1963National laboratoryGeorge Grover, a heat transfer called "heat pipe" of the inventionComponentThe heat conduction principle and the quick heat transfer property of the phase change medium are fully utilized, the heat of a heating object is quickly transferred to the outside of a heat source through the heat pipe, and the heat conduction capability of the heat pipe exceeds the heat conduction capability of any known metal.

The heat pipe technology is widely applied to the industries of aerospace, military industry and the like, and since the heat pipe technology is introduced into the radiator manufacturing industry, the design idea of the traditional radiator is changed for people, the single heat radiation mode that a high-air-volume motor is used for obtaining a better heat radiation effect is avoided, the heat pipe technology is adopted for enabling the radiator to obtain a satisfactory heat exchange effect, and a new place in the heat radiation industry is opened up. At present, heat pipes are widely applied to various heat exchange devices, including the field of electric power, such as waste heat utilization of power plants.

Steam generators are mechanical devices that utilize the heat energy of a fuel or other energy source to heat water into steam. The steam generator has wide application field and is widely suitable for clothing factories and dry cleanersA restaurant, a bunk store,dining room，Dining roomThe method comprises the following steps of, factory and mine,bean productFactories, etc. The current steam generator is also widely applied to the treatment of various diseases, especially to the treatment of chronic diseases caused by aging and old damage of muscles, ligaments and the like, for example, the CN2167709Y patent, but in the current prior art, for example, the CN2167709Y patent, the temperature of the generated steam is too high and the moisture in the generated steam is too high because the steam is directly generated by heating, and the medicine is possibly deposited at the lower part because the medicine is particles, so that the content of effective components in the sprayed steam is too low and the temperature is too high, and the intelligence degree in the prior art is not high, and the effective intelligent operation cannot be carried out.

In the background art, when a steam generator is heated by solar energy, the steam drum is heated by solar energy or directly, or steam is generated by secondary heat exchange, particularly the steam drum is heated directly, fluid convection heat exchange of the upper part and the lower part of the steam drum is carried out by convection heat exchange inside the steam drum, but in this case, a lower hot fluid is required to naturally convect to the upper part, and the heat exchange efficiency is low.

In addition, the heat exchange fluid of the heat pipe is a steam-water mixture in the heat exchange process. The heat pipe is in the evaporation process, and inevitable can carry liquid to the steam end in, simultaneously because the condensation that releases heat of condensation end to there is liquid in making the condensation end, liquid inevitable mixes with steam, thereby makes the fluid in the heat pipe be vapour-liquid mixture, and vapour-liquid mixture exists and leads to the vapour to mix into a group, and the heat transfer ability descends between with the liquid, great influence the efficiency of heat transfer.

In order to solve the problems, the invention is improved on the basis of the previous invention, and provides a solar steam generator with a new structure, which makes full use of a heat source, reduces energy consumption and improves combustion effect.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention is an improvement on the foregoing invention, and provides a new steam generator with a heat pipe structure to fully utilize solar energy.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a solar steam generator comprises a reflector and a steam drum, wherein the steam drum is positioned at the focal point of the reflector, the reflector reflects solar energy to the steam drum for heating water in the steam drum, a heat pipe which extends upwards from the bottom of the steam drum is arranged in the steam drum, a separation device is arranged in the heat pipe, the separation device is of a sheet structure, and the sheet structure is arranged on the cross section of the heat pipe; the separating device is composed of a square through hole and a regular octagon through hole, the side length of the square through hole is equal to that of the regular octagon through hole, four sides of the square through hole are respectively sides of four different regular octagon through holes, and four mutually spaced sides of the regular octagon through hole are respectively sides of four different square through holes.

Preferably, the cross-section of the heat pipe is square.

The utility model provides a solar energy steam generator, includes speculum and steam pocket, the steam pocket is located the focus position of speculum, the speculum is used for the water in the heating steam pocket for the steam pocket with solar energy reflection, and the inside heat pipe that begins upwards extension from the steam pocket bottom that sets up of steam pocket, the heat pipe is many, the bottom of the lower extreme of heat pipe is connected on the inner wall of steam pocket.

Preferably, the bottom of the lower end of the heat pipe is the inner wall of the steam drum.

Preferably, a communication pipe is provided between at least two adjacent heat pipes.

Preferably, the centre of the steam drum is located at the focal position of the mirror.

Preferably, the bottom of the steam drum is provided with a header, and the lower part of the heat pipe is communicated with the header.

Preferably, the lower wall surface of the header is a surface of the bottom of the steam drum.

Preferably, the heat pipes are annularly distributed in multiple layers around the bottom center point of the steam pocket.

Preferably, a plurality of layers of heat pipes are arranged along the bottom center point of the steam pocket, and the distance between the axis of each layer of heat pipe and the center point is the same, so that an arc structure taking the bottom center point of the steam pocket as the center is formed.

Preferably, in the horizontal plane projection, the side length of the square cross section of the heat pipe is B2, the distance between the centers of circles of adjacent heat pipes on the same layer is L, the center of circle of the heat pipe and the centers of circles of adjacent two heat pipes in adjacent rows form an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle is N, the diameter D2 of the circle on the same layer and the diameter D1 of the circle on the adjacent inner layer satisfy the following requirements:

Sin(N)＝a-b*S²-c S, S D B2/(D2-D1), a, B, c, D being parameters satisfying the following requirements:

0.846<a<0.848,0.529<b<0.530,0.846<c<0.848，1.128<d<1.129；

preferably, a is 0.847, b is 0.5292, c is 0.847, and d is 1.1286.

Preferably, as B2/L becomes smaller, a becomes larger, B becomes smaller, and c becomes larger.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the solar steam generator is improved, the heat pipe is arranged at the bottom of the steam drum, and solar energy is quickly transmitted to the upper part of the steam drum through the characteristic of high heat transmission speed of the heat pipe, so that the heat transmission speed of the solar energy is improved, and the heat absorption capacity can be further met.

2) The invention provides a solar heat collector of a novel structure of a separation device combining a novel square through hole and a novel regular octagon through hole, wherein the included angles formed by the edges of the formed square hole and the regular octagon hole are larger than or equal to 90 degrees through the square hole and the regular octagon hole, so that fluid can fully flow through each position of each hole, and the short circuit of fluid flow is avoided or reduced. The invention separates the two-phase fluid into liquid phase and gas phase by the separating device with a novel structure, divides the liquid phase into small liquid groups, divides the gas phase into small bubbles, inhibits the backflow of the liquid phase, promotes the smooth flow of the gas phase, plays a role in stabilizing the flow and improves the heat exchange effect. Compared with the separation device in the prior art, the flow stabilizing effect is further improved, the heat transfer is enhanced, and the manufacture is simple.

3) According to the invention, through reasonable layout, the square and regular octagonal through holes are uniformly distributed, so that the fluid on the whole cross street is uniformly divided, and the problem of nonuniform division of the annular structure along the circumferential direction in the prior art is avoided.

4) The invention ensures that the large holes and the small holes are uniformly distributed on the whole cross section by uniformly distributing the square holes and the regular octagon holes at intervals, and ensures that the separation effect is better by changing the positions of the large holes and the small holes of the adjacent separation devices.

5) According to the invention, the separating device is of a sheet structure, so that the separating device is simple in structure and low in cost.

6) According to the invention, the optimal relation size of the parameters is researched by setting the regular changes of the parameters such as the distance between the adjacent separating devices, the side length of the holes of the separating devices, the pipe diameter of the heat absorbing pipes, the pipe spacing and the like in the height direction of the heat absorbing pipes, so that the flow stabilizing effect is further achieved, the noise is reduced, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

7) The invention realizes the optimal relational expression of the heat exchange effect under the condition of meeting the flow resistance by widely researching the heat exchange rule caused by the change of each parameter of the separation device.

8) The solar heat collector with a novel structure is provided, and the pressure in each heat pipe is uniform, the distribution of fluid flow is uniform and the distribution of fluid motion resistance is uniform by arranging the constant-pressure pipes among the heat pipes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the solar steam generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the steam generator according to the present invention provided with the communication pipe.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal projection structure of a heat pipe according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the separation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another cross-sectional structure of the separation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the placement of the separation device of the present invention within a heat pipe;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the separation device of the present invention disposed within a heat pipe;

in the figure: 1-reflector, 2-steam drum, 3-heat pipe, 4-separation device, 41 square through hole, 42 regular octagon through hole, 43 sides, 5-steam outlet, 6-communicating pipe, 7-central controller and 8-water inlet

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

In this document, "/" denotes division and "×", "denotes multiplication, referring to formulas, if not specifically stated.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a solar steam generator using heat pipes is disclosed, the steam generator includes a reflector 1 and a steam drum 2, the steam drum 2 is located at a focal position of the reflector 1, the reflector 1 reflects solar energy to the steam drum 2 for heating water in the steam drum 2, the steam generator further includes a plurality of heat pipes 3 disposed in the steam drum 2, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pipes 3 are disposed inside the steam drum 2 and extend upward from the bottom of the steam drum 2, and the bottoms of the lower ends of the heat pipes are connected to the inner wall of the steam drum.

According to the traditional solar steam generator, the steam pocket is directly irradiated by sunlight to generate steam, and the convection heat exchange of the upper part and the lower part of the steam pocket is carried out by utilizing the convection heat exchange in the steam pocket, but in the condition, the lower part hot fluid naturally convects to the upper part, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low.

Preferably, the bottom of the lower end of the heat pipe 3 is the inner wall of the steam drum 2. Thus, the heat pipe and the steam drum can be integrated, the inner wall of the steam drum is used as the lower end wall surface of the heat pipe, the contact thermal resistance is reduced, the integral structure is compact,

Preferably, the steam drum and the heat pipe are integrally manufactured.

The heat pipe absorbs solar energy, so that the heat pipe generates vapor-liquid two-phase flow, and the fluid in the heat pipe is a vapor-liquid mixture. Therefore, the present invention adopts a new structure to separate vapor phase and liquid phase, so that the heat exchange is enhanced.

A separating device 4 is arranged in the heat pipe, and the structure of the separating device 4 is shown in fig. 5 and 6. The separation device 4 is a sheet-like structure which is arranged on the cross section of the heat pipe 3; the separating device 4 is composed of a square and regular octagonal structure, so that a square through hole 41 and a regular octagonal through hole 42 are formed. The side length of the square through-hole 41 is equal to the side length of the regular octagonal through-hole 42 as shown in fig. 5, the four sides 43 of the square through-hole are the sides 43 of four different regular octagonal through-holes, respectively, and the four mutually spaced sides 43 of the regular eight deformed through-hole are the sides 43 of four different square through-holes, respectively.

The invention adopts a separating device with a novel structure, and has the following advantages:

1) the invention provides a novel separation device with a novel structure combining a square through hole and a regular octagon through hole, wherein the included angles formed by the edges of the formed square hole and the regular octagon hole are larger than or equal to 90 degrees through the square and the regular octagon, so that fluid can fully flow through each position of each hole, and the short circuit of the fluid flow is avoided or reduced. The invention separates the two-phase fluid into liquid phase and gas phase by the separating device with a novel structure, divides the liquid phase into small liquid groups, divides the gas phase into small bubbles, inhibits the backflow of the liquid phase, promotes the smooth flowing of the gas phase, plays a role in stabilizing the flow, has the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction, and improves the heat exchange effect. Compared with the separation device in the prior art, the flow stabilizing effect is further improved, the heat transfer is enhanced, and the manufacture is simple.

2) According to the invention, through reasonable layout, the square and regular octagonal through holes are uniformly distributed, so that the fluid on the whole cross street is uniformly divided, and the problem of nonuniform division of the annular structure along the circumferential direction in the prior art is avoided.

3) According to the invention, the square holes and the regular octagonal through holes are uniformly distributed at intervals, so that the large holes and the small holes are uniformly distributed on the whole cross section, and the separation effect is better through the position change of the large holes and the small holes of the adjacent separation devices.

4) According to the invention, the separating device is of a sheet structure, so that the separating device is simple in structure and low in cost.

By arranging the square hole and the regular octagon separating device, the invention equivalently increases the internal heat exchange area in the heat exchange tube, strengthens the heat exchange and improves the heat exchange effect.

The invention divides the gas phase and the liquid phase at all cross section positions of the heat exchange tube, thereby realizing the contact area between the division of a gas-liquid interface and a gas phase boundary layer and the cooling wall surface on the whole heat exchange tube section and enhancing the disturbance, greatly reducing the noise and the vibration and strengthening the heat transfer.

Preferably, the separation means comprises two types, as shown in figures 5 and 6, the first type being a square central separation means, the square being located in the centre of the heat pipe or condenser pipe, as shown in figure 6. The second is a regular octagonal center separator, with the regular octagon being located at the center of the heat pipe, as shown in fig. 5. Preferably, the two types of separating devices are arranged next to each other, i.e. the types of separating devices arranged next to each other are different. Namely, adjacent to the center separator of the square shape is the center separator of the regular octagon, and adjacent to the center separator of the regular octagon is the center separator of the square shape. According to the invention, the square holes and the regular octagon holes are uniformly distributed at intervals, so that the large holes and the small holes are uniformly distributed on the whole cross section, and through the position change of the large holes and the small holes of the adjacent separation devices, the fluid passing through the large holes next passes through the small holes, and the fluid passing through the small holes next passes through the large holes to be further separated, so that the mixing of vapor and liquid is promoted, and the separation and heat exchange effects are better.

Preferably, the cross section of the heat pipe 3 is square or circular.

Preferably, a plurality of separating devices are provided in the heat pipe, and the distance between the separating devices decreases along the direction from the lower portion to the upper portion of the heat pipe 3. Distance setting heat pipeHas an inlet with a distance H, and the distance between adjacent separating devices is S, S ═ F₁(H) I.e. S is a function of the height H as a variable, S' is the first derivative of S, satisfying the following requirements:

S’<0；

the main reason is that the liquid in the heat pipe is heated continuously to generate steam, and in the rising process, the steam is increased continuously, so that the steam in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is increased, because the steam phase in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is increased, the heat exchange capacity in the heat pipe is weakened relatively along with the increase of the steam phase, and the vibration and the noise thereof are increased continuously along with the increase of the steam phase. The distance between adjacent separating means which needs to be provided is shorter and shorter.

Through the experiment discovery, through foretell setting, both can reduce vibrations and noise to the at utmost, can improve the heat transfer effect simultaneously.

It is further preferred that the distance between adjacent separating means is increasingly shorter in the direction along the lower part of the heat pipe 3 towards the upper part. I.e. S "is the second derivative of S, the following requirements are met:

S”>0；

through the experiment, the vibration and the noise of about 7% can be further reduced, and the heat exchange effect of about 8% is improved.

Preferably, the side length of the square becomes smaller and smaller along the direction from the lower portion to the upper portion of the heat pipe 3. The distance from the lower end of the heat pipe is H, the side length of the square is C, and C is F₂(H) And C' is the first derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:

C’<0；

further preferably, the side length of the square is gradually increased in a smaller and smaller range along the direction from the lower portion to the upper portion of the heat pipe 3. C' is the second derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:

C”>0。

for specific reasons see the previous variation in the spacing of the separating apparatus.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent separating means is kept constant.

Preferably, the inner wall of the heat pipe is provided with a gap, and the outer end of the separation device is arranged in the gap.

Preferably, the heat pipe is formed by welding a multi-stage structure, and a separation device is arranged at the joint of the multi-stage structure.

Through analysis and experiments, the separation distance between the separating devices cannot be too large, the vibration and noise reduction and separation effects are poor due to the fact that the separation distance is too large, meanwhile, the separation distance cannot be too small, the resistance is too large due to the fact that the separation distance is too small, and similarly, the side length of a square cannot be too large or too small, the vibration and noise reduction effects are poor or the resistance is too large, so that the vibration and noise reduction device optimizes the vibration and noise reduction and arranges the optimal relation of all parameters under the condition that normal flow resistance (the total pressure bearing is less than 2.5Mpa or the on-way resistance of a single heat pipe is less than or equal to 5Pa/M) is preferentially met through a large number of experiments.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent separating devices is M1, the side length of the square through hole is B1, the heat pipe is a square section, and the side length of the square section of the heat pipe is B2, so that the following requirements are met:

M1/B2＝a*Ln(B1/B2)+b

wherein a, b are parameters, wherein 1.739< a <1.740,5.00< b < 5.10;

11<B2<46mm；

1.9<B1<3.2mm；

18<M1<27mm。

20°<A<60°。

preferably, 30 ° < a <50 °.

Further preferably, a is smaller and B is larger as B1/B2 is increased.

Preferably, a is 1.7395, b is 5.05;

preferably, the side length B1 of the square through hole is the average of the inner side length and the outer side length of the square through hole, and the side length B2 of the square cross section of the heat pipe is the average of the inner side length and the outer side length of the heat pipe.

Preferably, the outer length of the square through hole is equal to the inner length of the square section of the heat pipe.

Further preferably, a is smaller and B is larger as B1/B2 is increased.

Preferably, as B2 increases, B1 also increases. However, as B2 increases, the magnitude of the increase in B1 becomes smaller and smaller. The change of the rule is obtained through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat exchange effect and the noise are further improved and reduced through the change of the rule.

Preferably, as B2 increases, M1 decreases. However, as B2 increases, the magnitude of the decrease in M1 becomes smaller and smaller. The change of the rule is obtained through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat exchange effect and the noise are further improved and reduced through the change of the rule.

Learn through analysis and experiment, the interval of heat pipe also satisfies certain requirement, for example can not too big or undersize, no matter too big or undersize can lead to the heat transfer effect not good, because set up separator in this application heat pipe, consequently separator also has certain requirement to the heat pipe interval. Therefore, through a large number of experiments, under the condition that the normal flow resistance (the total pressure bearing is less than 2.5MPa, or the on-way resistance of a single heat pipe is less than or equal to 5Pa/M) is preferentially met, the damping and noise reduction are optimized, and the optimal relation of each parameter is arranged.

The distance between adjacent separating devices is M1, the side length of a square is B1, the heat pipe is a square section, the side length of the heat pipe is B2, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent heat pipes is M2, so that the following requirements are met:

M2/B2＝d*(M1/B2)²+e-f*(M1/B2)³-h*(M1/B2)；

wherein d, e, f, h are parameters,

1.239<d<1.240,1.544<e<1.545,0.37<f<0.38,0.991<h<0.992；11<B2<46mm；

1.9<B1<3.2mm；

18<M1<27mm。

16<M2<76mm。

the spacing between the centers of adjacent heat pipes is M2, which refers to the distance between the centerlines of the heat pipes.

Further preferably, d is 1.2393, e is 1.5445, f is 0.3722, h is 0.9912;

preferably, d, e, f are larger and h is smaller as M1/B2 is increased.

Preferably, as B2 increases, M2 increases, but as B2 increases, the magnitude of the increase in M2 becomes smaller and smaller. The change of the rule is obtained through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat exchange effect can be further improved through the change of the rule.

Preferably, the length of the heat pipe is between 800 and 1200 mm. More preferably, 1000 mm.

Preferably, the communication pipe 6 is provided between at least two adjacent heat pipes 3. For example, as shown in fig. 2, a communication pipe 6 is provided between two heat pipes 5 adjacent to each other. Of course, FIG. 2 is merely a schematic illustration and, while only two heat pipes are shown, it is not intended to indicate only two heat pipes. By arranging the communicating pipe 6, uneven heating between the heat pipes 3 can be avoided, pressure balance between the heat pipes is realized, and the defect caused by uneven heating between different heat pipes is avoided.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent communication pipes 6 increases from the lower portion of heat pipe 3 to the upper portion of heat pipe 3. Because the heat pipe absorbs solar energy at the bottom and then releases heat in the steam drum. The fluid continuously releases heat along with the upward flow of the vertical part of the fluid of the heat pipe, and the pressure in different heat pipes is gradually reduced along with the continuous heat release of the fluid, so that the pressure balance can be ensured to be achieved as soon as possible in the flowing process of the fluid, the number of communicating pipes is saved, and materials are saved.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent communication pipes 6 increases from the lower portion of heat pipe 3 to the upper portion of heat pipe 3 to a larger extent. Experiments show that the arrangement can ensure that the pressure balance is achieved more optimally and more quickly in the fluid flowing process. This is also the best way of communicating by extensively studying the law of change of the pressure distribution.

Preferably, the diameter of communication pipe 6 is reduced from the lower portion of heat pipe 3 to the upper portion of heat pipe 3. The purpose is to ensure a larger communication area, because the fluid continuously releases heat along with the upward flow of the fluid, and the pressure in different heat pipes is smaller and smaller along with the continuous heat release of the fluid, so that the pressure balance can be ensured to be achieved as soon as possible in the flowing process of the fluid through the arrangement.

Preferably, the diameter of communication pipe 6 decreases from the lower portion of heat pipe 3 to the upper portion of heat pipe 3 to a larger extent. Experiments show that the arrangement can ensure that the pressure balance is achieved more optimally and more quickly in the fluid flowing process. This is also the best way of communicating by extensively studying the law of change of the pressure distribution.

Preferably, the centre of the steam drum is located at the focal position of the mirror. The steam drum center is positioned at the focal position of the reflector, so that the steam drum can be uniformly heated in all directions.

Preferably, the steam pocket is provided with a liquid medicine. The steam generator is a steam generator with a medicine fumigation and washing treatment function.

Preferably, the steam drum comprises a water inlet 4 and a steam outlet 5, the steam generated being directed out of the steam outlet 5.

As another option, the steam generator further comprises a liquid medicine evaporation tank, the liquid medicine evaporation tank is communicated with the steam drum 3 through a pipeline, an atomizer is arranged in the liquid medicine evaporation tank, and the liquid medicine evaporation tank is provided with a steam outlet.

The steam pocket is internally provided with medicines which are soaked in water, when the steam pocket is used, water is heated in the steam pocket through the heat pipe, and the medicines are heated through the water, so that liquid medicine is generated in the steam pocket 3. The generated liquid medicine enters the liquid medicine evaporation tank through a pipeline, is atomized in the liquid medicine evaporation tank and is discharged through the steam outlet. The vapor outlet may be discharged directly against the patient's diseased site for treatment.

The heat pipes are multiple, and the distribution density of the heat pipes is smaller and smaller along the outward radial direction of the center of the bottom of the steam drum. In numerical simulation and experiments, the heat pipes are heated less and less along the radial direction from the center of the bottom of the steam drum to the outside, and the temperatures of the heat pipes at different positions are different, so that local heating is not uniform. Because the closer to the center, the more the focused solar energy is, the larger the heat receiving amount is, and the heat exchange capacity is increased, therefore, the density of the heat pipes arranged at different positions of the bottom of the steam drum is different, so that the temperature of the whole heat pipe is kept basically the same, the whole heat exchange efficiency is improved, the material is saved, the local damage caused by uneven temperature is avoided, and the service life of the heat pipe is prolonged.

Preferably, the distribution density of the heat pipes is continuously increased in a smaller and smaller range along the radial direction from the center of the bottom of the steam drum to the outside. As the change of the distribution density of the heat pipe, the invention carries out a large number of numerical simulations and experiments, thereby obtaining the change rule of the distribution density of the heat pipe. Through the change rule, materials can be saved, and meanwhile, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by about 9%.

Preferably, the diameter and length of each heat pipe 3 are the same.

Preferably, the heat pipe 3 is provided in plurality, and the diameter of the heat pipe is smaller and smaller along the radial direction from the center of the bottom of the steam drum to the outside. The specific reason is the same as the reason of the distribution density of the heat pipes in the foregoing.

Preferably, the diameter of the heat pipe is gradually increased in a smaller and smaller range along the radial direction from the center of the bottom of the steam drum to the outside. The specific reason is the same as the reason of the distribution density of the heat pipes in the foregoing.

Preferably, the distribution density and the length of all the heat pipes 3 are the same.

Preferably, the heat pipes 3 are distributed in a ring-shaped multi-layer around the center point of the bottom of the steam drum, as seen from above downwards, or in a horizontal plane projection, as shown in fig. 3.

Preferably, the heat pipe 3 is arranged at the central point, the plurality of layers of heat pipes 3 are arranged along the central point, and the distance between the axis of each layer of heat pipe 3 and the central point is the same, so that an arc structure taking the central point of the bottom of the steam drum as the center is formed.

Preferably, a line connecting midpoints of opposite sides of the square heat pipe extends through the center of the circle.

Through numerical simulation and experiment, it is found that the distance between the heat pipes 3, including the distance at the same diameter position and the distance between adjacent layers, cannot be too small, and the undersize results in the heat pipes being excessively distributed, resulting in insufficient heat absorption capacity of each heat pipe, and the oversize results in the heat pipes being excessively distributed, resulting in overheating of the heat pipes, so that the optimal distribution of the heat pipes 3 is summarized through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat pipes can not absorb insufficient heat and can not absorb excessive heat.

As shown in fig. 3, the inner diameter of the steam drum is D, the side length of the square cross section of the heat pipe is B2, the circular arc of the central axis of the adjacent heat pipe on the same layer is N, the distance between the centers of the adjacent heat pipes on the same layer is L, the center of the circular arc is the central axis of the heat accumulator, the diameter D2 of the circle on the same layer is D2, and the diameter D1 of the circle on the adjacent inner layer meets the following requirements:

0.846<a<0.848,0.529<b<0.530,0.846<c<0.848，1.128<d<1.129；

preferably, a is 0.847, b is 0.5292, c is 0.847, and d is 1.1286.

Preferably, as D2/D becomes smaller, a becomes larger and b and c become smaller.

Preferably, 0 ° < N <120 °.

Preferably, 10 ° < N <70 °.

The empirical formula is obtained through a large number of numerical simulations and experiments, and the error is basically within 3% through experimental verification.

Preferably, the heat absorption capacity of the heat pipe is 900-;

the inner diameter D is 1800-3000 mm, more preferably 2400 mm.

Of course, fig. 3 shows only 3 layers of heat pipes, in practice there may be more than three layers. D2 and D1 in fig. 3 are also merely examples, and actually, the heat pipe at the central axis may be the layer where D1 is located, that is, D1 is 0, and the current D1 is the layer where D2 is located.

Only one half is shown in fig. 3, the other half being symmetrical to it and not described in detail. Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the steam drum 3 for measuring the temperature of the water in the steam drum 3.

Preferably, a water level sensor is arranged in the steam drum 3 and is used for measuring the water level in the steam drum.

Preferably, a pressure sensor is arranged at the upper part of the steam drum 3 and used for measuring the pressure in the steam drum 3.

Preferably, a flow sensor is arranged on the steam outlet 5 and is used for measuring the steam flow produced in unit time.

Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged on the steam outlet 5 and used for measuring the temperature of the steam at the outlet.

Preferably, the temperature sensor, the water level sensor, the pressure sensor and the flow sensor are in data connection with the controller 7.

Preferably, an electric heater is arranged in the steam pocket, so that the electric heater is used for supplementary heating under the condition of insufficient solar energy.

Outlet steam temperature control

The steam outlet is provided with a temperature sensor 7 for measuring the temperature of the steam outlet; the temperature sensor and the electric heater are in data connection with the controller 7, the controller automatically controls the heating power of the electric heating device according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is lower than a certain temperature, the controller controls the electric heating device to start heating; if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a certain temperature, the controller controls the electric heating device to stop heating.

Preferably, the controller automatically increases the heating power of the electric heating apparatus if the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor is lower than a first value, and automatically decreases the heating power of the electric heating apparatus if the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a second value, which is greater than the first value.

Preferably, when the measured temperature is lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device starts heating and performs heating at a first power; when the measured temperature is lower than a second temperature lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device heats at a second power higher than the first power; when the measured temperature is lower than a third temperature lower than the second temperature, the electric heating device heats at a third power higher than the second power; when the measured temperature is lower than a fourth temperature lower than the third temperature, the electric heating device heats at a fourth power higher than the third power; when the measured temperature is lower than a fifth temperature lower than the fourth temperature, the electric heating device heats at a fifth power higher than the fourth power.

Preferably, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature by 8-10 ℃, the second temperature is higher than the third temperature by 8-10 ℃, the third temperature is higher than the fourth temperature by 8-10 ℃, and the fourth temperature is higher than the fifth temperature by 8-10 ℃.

Preferably, the first temperature is greater than the second temperature by 9 degrees centigrade, the second temperature is greater than the third temperature by 9 degrees centigrade, the third temperature is greater than the fourth temperature by 9 degrees centigrade, and the fourth temperature is greater than the fifth temperature by 9 degrees centigrade.

Preferably, the fifth power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the third power, the third power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the second power, and the second power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the first power.

Preferably, the fifth power is 1.1 to 1.15 times the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.15 to 1.2 times the third power, the third power is 1.2 to 1.25 times the second power, and the second power is 1.25 to 1.3 times the first power.

The heating power of the electric heater is intelligently controlled, so that the temperature of the steam output under the condition of insufficient solar energy is ensured to meet the requirement, and the intelligence of the system can be further improved.

(II) Hot Water temperature control

Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the steam drum 3 for measuring the temperature of the water in the steam drum 3. The temperature sensor and the electric heater are in data connection with the controller 7, the controller 7 automatically controls the heating power of the electric heating device according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is lower than a certain temperature, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to start heating; if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a certain temperature, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to stop heating.

The controller 7 automatically controls the heating power of the electric heating device according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

Preferably, the controller controls the electric heating device to start heating if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is lower than a certain temperature. If the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is above a certain temperature, for example above a dangerous critical temperature, the controller controls the electric heating device to stop heating in order to avoid overheating.

Preferably, the controller 7 automatically increases the heating power of the electric heating means if the detected temperature data is lower than a first value, and the controller 7 automatically decreases the heating power of the electric heating means if the measured temperature data is higher than a second value, which is higher than the first value.

Preferably, the first temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the second temperature, the second temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the third temperature, the third temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fourth temperature, and the fourth temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fifth temperature.

Further preferably, the first temperature is 5.5-6 ℃ higher than the second temperature, the second temperature is 5-5.5 ℃ higher than the third temperature, the third temperature is 4.5-5 ℃ higher than the fourth temperature, and the fourth temperature is 4-4.5 ℃ higher than the fifth temperature.

By optimizing the temperature and power, especially by setting the heating power and temperature difference in a differentiated manner, the heating efficiency can be further improved, and the time can be saved. Experiments show that the heating efficiency can be improved by about 10-15%.

Preferably, the temperature sensor is arranged on a bottom wall of the steam drum.

Preferably, the temperature sensor is a plurality of temperature sensors, and the controller controls the operation of the steam generator according to the temperature data measured by the plurality of temperature sensors.

Through intelligent control electric heater heating power to guarantee that hot water temperature satisfies the needs under the not enough condition of solar energy, thereby further guarantee that the steam temperature of output satisfies the requirement, can further improve the intellectuality of system.

(III) Water level control

Preferably, a water level sensor is arranged in the steam drum 3, the water level sensor and the water pump are in data connection with a controller 7, and the controller 7 automatically controls the power of the water pump according to the measured water level in the steam drum 3. Preferably, the controller increases the flow of water into the drum 3 by controlling the power of the water pump to be increased if the water level falls, and decreases the flow of water into the drum 3 or stops the supply of water into the drum 3 by reducing the power of the water pump or turning off the water pump if the water level is too high.

Through foretell setting, avoided the water level to hang down the steam yield who causes and hang down and electric heater unit's dry combustion method on the one hand, caused electric heater unit's damage and production incident, on the other hand, avoided because the water level is too high and the water yield that causes is too big, realizes the intelligent control of water level.

Preferably, the controller 7 controls the water pump to supply water at a first power when the measured water level is lower than a first water level; when the measured water level is lower than a second water level lower than the first water level, the controller 7 controls the water pump to supply water at a second power higher than the first power; when the measured water level is lower than a third water level lower than the second water level, the controller 7 controls the water pump to supply water at a third power higher than the second power; when the measured water level is lower than a fourth water level lower than the third water level, the controller 7 controls the water pump to supply water at a fourth power higher than the third power; when the measured water level is lower than a fifth water level lower than the fourth water level, the controller 7 controls the water pump to supply water at a fifth power higher than the fourth power.

Preferably, the first water level is 1.1 to 1.3 times the second water level, the second water level is 1.1 to 1.3 times the third water level, the third water level is 1.1 to 1.3 times the fourth water level, and the fourth water level is 1.1 to 1.3 times the fifth water level.

Preferably, the first water level is 1.1 to 1.15 times the second water level, the second water level is 1.15 to 1.2 times the third water level, the third water level is 1.2 to 1.25 times the fourth water level, and the fourth water level is 1.25 to 1.3 times the fifth water level.

Preferably, the fifth power is 1.7-1.9 times the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.6-1.8 times the third power, the third power is 1.5-1.7 times the second power, and the second power is 1.3-1.5 times the first power.

Through the preferred of above-mentioned water level and water pump power, especially through the settlement of the water level of differentiation and water pump power, can be quick realize the invariant of water level, improve steam output rate, save time. Experiments show that the steam yield can be improved by about 12-16%.

Through the power of intelligent control water pump to guarantee to satisfy the requirement at the water level, avoid too high or low excessively, can further improve the intellectuality of system.

(IV) control of heating power according to water level

Preferably, a water level sensor is arranged in the steam drum 3, the water level sensor and the electric heater are in data connection with a controller 7, and the controller 7 automatically controls the heating power of the electric heater according to the measured water level in the steam drum 3. Preferably, if the water level is too low, the controller reduces the power of the electric heater or directly turns off the heating of the electric heater by controlling, so as to avoid that the steam output caused by too high heating power is too large, which causes further reduction of the water level, and if the water level is too high, the steam output is improved by increasing the heating power of the electric heater, which reduces the water level.

Through foretell setting, avoided the water level to hang down excessively to cause electric heater unit's dry combustion method on the one hand, caused electric heater unit's damage and produced the incident, on the other hand, avoided because the water level is too high and the water yield in the steam pocket that causes is too big.

Preferably, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to heat at a first power when the measured water level is lower than the first water level; when the measured water level is lower than a second water level lower than the first water level, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to heat at a second power lower than the first power; when the measured water level is lower than a third water level lower than the second water level, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to heat at a third power lower than the second power; when the measured water level is lower than a fourth water level lower than the third water level, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to heat at a fourth power lower than the third power; when the measured water level is lower than a fifth water level lower than the fourth water level, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to heat at a fifth power lower than the fourth power; when the measured water level is lower than a sixth water level lower than the fifth water level, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to stop heating.

Preferably, the first power is 1.6 to 1.7 times the second power, the second power is 1.5 to 1.6 times the third power, the third power is 1.4 to 1.5 times the fourth power, and the fourth power is 1.3 to 1.4 times the fifth power.

Through the optimization of the water level and the power of the electric heating device, especially through the setting of the differentiated water level and the power of the electric heating device, the water level can be quickly positioned at a preset safety position, the steam output rate can be ensured when the water level is too high, and the time is saved.

(V) pressure control

Preferably, a pressure sensor is arranged at the upper part of the steam drum 3 and used for measuring the pressure in the steam drum 3. The pressure sensor and the electric heating device are in data connection with a controller 7, and the controller 7 automatically controls the heating power of the electric heating device according to the pressure measured by the pressure sensor. Preferably, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to start heating if the pressure measured by the pressure sensor is lower than a certain pressure. If the temperature measured by the pressure sensor is higher than the upper limit pressure, the controller controls the electric heating device to stop heating in order to avoid danger caused by excessive pressure.

Through so setting up, can come the regulation heating power according to the pressure in the steam pocket 3 to guarantee under the condition of maximize steam output, guarantee steam generator's safety.

Preferably, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to increase the heating power if the pressure measured by the pressure sensor is lower than a certain value. If the temperature measured by the pressure sensor is higher than a certain value, the controller controls the electric heating device to reduce the heating power in order to avoid the danger caused by the overlarge pressure.

Preferably, when the measured pressure is higher than the first pressure, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to the first power for heating; when the measured pressure is higher than a second pressure higher than the first pressure, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to a second power lower than the first power for heating; when the measured pressure is higher than a third pressure higher than the second pressure, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to a third power lower than the second power for heating; when the measured pressure is higher than a fourth pressure higher than the third pressure, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to a fourth power higher than the third power for heating; when the measured pressure is higher than a fifth pressure higher than the fourth pressure, the controller 7 stops the heating of the electric heating device.

Preferably, the fourth power is 0.4 to 0.6 times the third power, the third power is 0.6 to 0.8 times the second power, and the second power is 0.7 to 0.9 times the first power.

Further preferably, the fourth power is 0.5 times the third power, the third power is 0.7 times the second power, and the second power is 0.8 times the first power.

The fifth pressure is the upper limit pressure.

The pressure sensor is arranged at the upper part of the steam drum.

Preferably, the pressure sensor is a plurality of pressure sensors, and the controller controls the operation of the steam generator according to the pressure data which is the temperature measured by the plurality of pressure sensors.

(VI) steam flow control

Preferably, a flow sensor is arranged on the steam outlet pipeline and used for measuring the steam flow produced in unit time, and the flow sensor and the electric heater are in data connection with the controller 7. The controller 7 automatically controls the heating power of the electric heating device according to the steam flow data produced per unit time measured by the sensor. Preferably, the controller 7 controls the electric heating device to heat or increase the heating power if the measured steam flow is below a certain value. If the temperature measured by the pressure sensor is higher than a certain value, the controller controls the electric heating device to reduce the heating power or stop heating.

Through so setting up, can adjust heating power according to the steam quantity that steam generator produced, guarantee the invariant of steam output quantity, avoid the quantity too big or undersize, cause steam quantity not enough or extravagant.

Preferably, when the measured flow rate is higher than the first flow rate, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to the first power for heating; when the measured flow rate is higher than a second flow rate higher than the first flow rate, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to a second power lower than the first power for heating; when the measured flow rate is higher than a third flow rate higher than the second flow rate, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to a third power lower than the second power for heating; when the measured flow is higher than a fourth flow higher than the third flow, the controller 7 controls the heating power of the electric heating device to be reduced to a fourth power higher than the third power for heating; when the measured flow rate is higher than the fifth flow rate, which is higher than the fourth flow rate, the controller 7 stops the heating of the electric heating device.

Further preferably, the fifth flow rate is 1.1 to 1.2 times the fourth flow rate, the fourth flow rate is 1.2 to 1.3 times the third flow rate, the third flow rate is 1.3 to 1.4 times the second flow rate, and the second flow rate is 1.4 to 1.5 times the first flow rate.

By optimizing the flow rate and the power of the electric heating device, especially by setting the flow rate and the power of the electric heating device in a differentiated manner, the flow rate can be quickly kept constant, and time can be saved.

Through so setting up, can adjust the electricity heating volume according to the steam quantity that steam generator produced, guarantee the invariant of steam output quantity, avoid the quantity too big or undersize, cause the steam quantity not enough or extravagant, can practice thrift the waste heat energy simultaneously.

The invention can also realize the intelligent control of the steam generator according to the valve.

1. Example one

As a modification, a temperature sensor is provided in the steam drum 3 for measuring the temperature of the steam in the steam drum 3. And a water inlet valve and a steam valve are respectively arranged on the water inlet pipe 8 and the steam outlet 5 of the steam pocket 3, and the temperature sensor, the water inlet valve and the steam valve are in data connection with the central controller 7. The central controller 7 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the steam valve and the opening degree according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

If the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the steam in the steam drum 3 is lower than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the water inlet valve and the steam valve to be automatically closed, so that the steam in the steam drum 3 is ensured to be continuously heated and heated; if the measured temperature of the steam in the steam drum 3 exceeds the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the water inlet valve and the steam valve to be automatically opened. Through the measures, the temperature of the steam output by the steam drum 3 can be ensured to be kept at a certain temperature, so that the temperature can be utilized.

Preferably, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the steam drum 3, and the temperature of the steam is measured by the plurality of temperature sensors.

Preferably, the central controller 7 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the steam valve by an average value of the temperatures of the steam measured by the plurality of temperature sensors.

Preferably, the central controller 7 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the steam valve by the highest value of the temperature of the steam measured by the plurality of temperature sensors. By taking the highest value, it is possible to avoid the risk of the steam in the steam drum 3 being at too high a temperature.

Preferably, the at least one temperature sensor is arranged in the steam drum 3 near the steam outlet.

2. Example two

As an improvement, the central controller 7 ensures that the outlet water temperature in the steam drum reaches a constant value by controlling the opening degree of the water inlet valve and the steam valve. I.e. the temperature of the steam at the steam outlet of the steam drum 3 is adjusted by adjusting the so-called flow rates into the steam drum 3 and out of the steam drum 3.

An outlet pipe temperature sensor is arranged on the steam drum steam outlet 5, the outlet temperature sensor is in data connection with a central controller 7, and the central controller 7 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the steam valve and the opening degree according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

If the temperature of the steam in the outlet pipe, as measured by the temperature sensor, is below the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to increase, decreasing the opening of the water inlet pipe valve, thereby causing the water entering the drum 3 to decrease, causing the steam exiting the drum 3 to increase, thereby causing the amount of water in the drum 3 to decrease. The temperature of the steam in the steam drum 3 is increased by the reduction of the amount of water, thereby increasing the outlet temperature of the steam drum 3. Conversely, if the temperature of the water in the outlet pipe, as measured by the temperature sensor, is higher than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the valve 20 to decrease, increasing the opening of the valve in the inlet pipe, so that the water entering the drum 3 increases, so that the steam leaving the drum 3 decreases, so that the amount of water in the drum 3 increases. The temperature of the water in the drum 3 is reduced by the increase of the amount of water, thereby reducing the outlet temperature of the drum 3. By the measures, the temperature of the steam output by the steam drum 3 can be ensured to be kept in a certain range, so that the usable temperature can be reached.

Preferably, the steam outlet 5 is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and the temperature of the water in the steam drum water outlet pipe is measured through the plurality of temperature sensors.

Preferably, the central controller 7 controls the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve by an average value of the temperatures of the water measured by the plurality of temperature sensors 19.

Preferably, the central controller 7 controls the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve by the highest value of the water temperature measured by the plurality of temperature sensors 19. By adopting the highest value, the safety of the steam pocket can be ensured.

Preferably, the at least one temperature sensor is arranged at the steam outlet 5 close to the steam drum 3.

Preferably, the upper value minus the lower value is in the range of 5 to 10 degrees Celsius, preferably 6 to 8 degrees Celsius.

3. EXAMPLE III

As a further improvement of the second embodiment, the opening and closing of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve are controlled by measuring the temperature of the water in the steam drum 3.

If the temperature of the water in the drum 3 measured by the temperature sensor 19 is below the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to increase, decreasing the opening of the water inlet pipe valve, so that the water entering the drum 3 decreases, so that the steam leaving the drum 3 increases, so that the amount of water in the drum 3 decreases. The temperature of the water in the steam drum 3 is increased by the reduction of the amount of water, thereby increasing the outlet temperature of the steam drum 3. Conversely, if the temperature of the water in the drum 3 measured by the temperature sensor is higher than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to decrease, increasing the opening of the water inlet pipe valve, so that the water entering the drum 3 increases, the steam leaving the drum 3 decreases, and the amount of water in the drum 3 increases. The temperature of the water in the drum 3 is reduced by the increase of the amount of water, thereby reducing the outlet temperature of the drum 3. By the above measures, the temperature of the water in the steam drum 3 can be ensured to be kept within a certain range, thereby ensuring that the steam can reach a usable temperature.

Preferably, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the steam drum 3, and the temperature of the water is measured by the plurality of temperature sensors.

Preferably, the central controller 7 controls the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve by an average value of the temperatures of the water measured by the plurality of temperature sensors.

Preferably, the central controller 7 controls the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve by the lowest value of the water temperature measured by the plurality of temperature sensors. By taking the lowest value, it can be ensured that the temperature of the water in all positions in the steam drum 3 can reach a usable temperature.

Preferably, the upper value minus the lower value is 8 to 13 degrees Celsius, preferably 9 to 11 degrees Celsius.

Preferably, the temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the steam drum.

4. Example four

As an improvement, a water level meter is arranged in the steam drum 3, and the water level meter is in data connection with the central controller 7. The central controller monitors the height of the water level so as to control the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve.

Through the height of control water level, avoid the water level in the steam pocket to hang down excessively to cause the heat release end of heat pipe 3 to lose heat, cause the heat pipe harm, avoid the water level in the steam pocket 3 too high simultaneously, thereby cause the steam pocket internal pressure too big, especially under the condition of heating boiling.

If the water level of the drum 3 measured by the water level gauge is higher than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to increase, decreasing the opening of the water inlet pipe valve, so that the water entering the drum 3 decreases, so that the steam leaving the drum 3 increases, and so that the amount of water in the drum 3 decreases. The level of water in the drum 3 is lowered by the reduction of the amount of water. Conversely, if the water level in the drum 3 measured by the water level gauge is lower than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to decrease, increasing the opening of the water inlet pipe valve, so that the water entering the drum 3 increases, so that the steam leaving the drum 3 decreases, and so that the amount of water in the drum 3 increases.

Preferably, the upper limit of the water level is at a level of 40% to 45%, preferably 43%, of the drum volume.

Preferably, the lower limit value of the water level is the height of the heat radiating end 10 of the heat pipe 1 extending into the steam drum. Thereby ensuring that the water in the steam pocket covers the heat release end completely.

5. EXAMPLE five

The fifth embodiment is an improvement of the combination of the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment.

If the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the water in the steam drum 3 is lower than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 automatically controls the opening and closing of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve according to the water level measured by the monitored water level meter, and the specific measures are as follows:

the water level measured by the water level meter monitored by the central controller 7 is higher than the lower limit value and lower than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the steam inlet valve and the water inlet pipe valve to be automatically closed, and therefore the water in the steam drum 3 is ensured to be continuously heated and heated;

when the water level measured by the water level gauge monitored by the central controller 7 is lower than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the steam valve to be automatically closed, the water inlet pipe valve is continuously opened, so that water is ensured to continuously flow into the steam drum 3, and when the water level measured by the water level gauge monitored by the central controller 7 is equal to or higher than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the water inlet pipe valve to be automatically closed;

when the water level measured by the water level gauge monitored by the central controller 7 is higher than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the steam valve to be continuously opened, the water inlet pipe valve is automatically closed, so that water is ensured to continuously flow out of the steam drum 3, and when the water level measured by the water level gauge monitored by the central controller 7 is equal to or lower than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the steam valve to be automatically closed.

The remaining features are the same as those of the first and fifth embodiments, and are not described one by one.

6. EXAMPLE six

The sixth embodiment is an improvement of the combination of the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment.

If the temperature of the water in the outlet pipe measured by the temperature sensor is lower than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 automatically controls the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve according to the water level measured by the monitored water level meter, and the specific measures are as follows:

if the water level measured by the water level gauge monitored by the central controller 7 is lower than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to increase and the opening of the water inlet pipe valve to decrease so that the water entering the steam drum 3 decreases and the water leaving the steam drum 3 increases so that the water amount in the steam drum 3 decreases, and if the water level in the steam drum 3 decreases to the lower limit value or approaches to the lower limit value, the central controller controls the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve to close;

if the water level measured by the water level meter monitored by the central controller 7 is lower than the lower limit value, the central controller 7 controls the steam valve to close and simultaneously gives an alarm; this time indicates that the desired water temperature is not currently being achieved, perhaps due to insufficient light intensity or other reasons to alert the operator.

If the temperature of the water in the outlet pipe measured by the temperature sensor is higher than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 automatically controls the opening degree of the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve according to the water level measured by the monitored water level meter, and the specific measures are as follows:

when the water level measured by the water level meter monitored by the central controller 7 is lower than the upper limit value, the central controller 7 controls the opening of the steam valve to be reduced, and increases the opening of the water inlet pipe valve, so that the water entering the steam drum 3 is increased, the water leaving the steam drum 3 is reduced, and the water amount in the steam drum 3 is increased; if the water level in the steam drum 3 is increased to the upper limit value or is close to the upper limit value, the central controller controls the steam valve and the water inlet pipe valve to be closed;

the water level measured by the water level meter monitored by the central controller 7 is higher than the upper limit value, and the central controller 7 controls the water inlet pipe valve to close and simultaneously gives an alarm; this time indicates that the desired water temperature is not currently being achieved, perhaps because the set water temperature is too low or for other reasons to alert the operator.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar steam generator comprises a reflector and a steam drum, wherein the steam drum is positioned at the focal point of the reflector, the reflector reflects solar energy to the steam drum for heating water in the steam drum, a heat pipe which extends upwards from the bottom of the steam drum is arranged in the steam drum, a separation device is arranged in the heat pipe, the separation device is of a sheet structure, and the sheet structure is arranged on the cross section of the heat pipe; the separating device is composed of a square through hole and a regular octagon through hole, the side length of the square through hole is equal to that of the regular octagon through hole, four sides of the square through hole are respectively sides of four different regular octagon through holes, and four mutually spaced sides of the regular octagon through hole are respectively sides of four different square through holes.

2. The solar steam generator of claim 1, wherein the heat pipe is square in cross-section.

3. The solar steam generator of claim 1, wherein the heat pipe is a plurality of heat pipes, and a bottom of a lower end of the heat pipe is connected to an inner wall of the steam drum.

4. The steam generator of claim 1, wherein a bottom of the lower end of the heat pipe is an inner wall of a steam drum.