CN110685801A

CN110685801A - Piston jet engine

Info

Publication number: CN110685801A
Application number: CN201910896691.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 简国良
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-09-23
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2020-01-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a piston jet engine, characterized by comprising: the air compressor mechanism is connected with the air storage tank; the compressor mechanism is used for providing compressed air for the air storage tank, and the thrust nozzle is used for generating jet air flow. In the invention, the compressor mechanism and the thrust nozzle are divided into two independent mechanisms, so that the standardized and large-scale mass production is convenient to realize; meanwhile, a plurality of compressor mechanisms can be conveniently connected to the air storage tank according to needs, so that compressed air with an ultra-large volume can be compressed, the temperature of fuel gas can be reduced by improving the compression ratio, and the temperature resistance requirement of used materials is further reduced; the piston jet engine has the advantages of simple structure, lower processing technology and processing difficulty, and capability of being produced by using common temperature-resistant materials, greatly reduces the cost, promotes the large-scale production, application and popularization of a combustion engine, and breaks the monopoly blockade of foreign gas turbines.

Description

Piston jet engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a piston type jet engine.

Background

An internal combustion engine is a power machine, and is a heat engine which burns fuel in the machine and directly converts the heat energy released by the fuel into power; the internal combustion engine in a broad sense includes not only a reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine, a rotary piston type engine and a free piston type engine but also a gas turbine of a rotary vane type, a jet engine and the like. Various types of civil and military mobile equipment such as automobiles, tractors, agricultural machinery, engineering machinery, mobile power generation, aviation (airplanes), navigation (ships) and the like all over the world are powered by internal combustion engines. The internal combustion engine is generally referred to as a piston engine. The internal combustion engines used throughout the world are mainly piston internal combustion engines, gas turbines of the rotary impeller type and jet engines.

The piston type internal combustion engine mixes fuel and air and burns in a cylinder of the engine, and the released heat energy enables the cylinder to generate high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas. The gas expands to drive the piston to do work, and then the mechanical work is output through a crank-link mechanism or other mechanisms to drive the driven machinery to work. The crank mechanism means a limited compression ratio and is accompanied by vibrations, and the higher the compression ratio the higher the thermal efficiency, but the larger the vibrations of the corresponding engine. The piston type internal combustion engine outputs mechanical energy. Liquid fuels such as gasoline and diesel oil are used as power energy sources for the piston type internal combustion engine, and the gasoline and diesel oil tiny particles which are not completely combusted (the gasoline and diesel oil contain impurities and are not possibly combusted) are the main causes of environmental pollution. Countries around the world plan that gas and diesel will be banned for the future, which means that equipment for piston engines using gas and diesel fuel will not be eliminated in the future.

The gas turbine consists of a gas compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and the like. The gas turbine works by a compressor (i.e., compressor) that continuously draws in air from the atmosphere and compresses it; the compressed air enters a combustion chamber, is mixed with the injected fuel and then is combusted to form high-temperature gas, and then flows into a gas turbine to expand and do work to push a turbine impeller to drive a compressor impeller to rotate together; the work-doing capability of the heated high-temperature gas is obviously improved, so that the gas turbine still has residual work as the output mechanical work of the gas turbine while driving the compressor.

The main advantages of gas turbines are small and light weight compared to piston internal combustion engines and steam power plants. However, the development and popularization of the gas turbine are also restricted by the compression ratio, the working environment of high temperature and high pressure, the strength, dynamic balance, service life and the like of the temperature-resistant material and the turbine blade. The technologies of strength, distribution, dynamic balance, precision and the like of the temperature-resistant materials and the turbine blades are almost monopolized by the European and American companies, which is also the reason why the global combustion engine market is almost monopolized by the European and American companies. The gas turbine outputs either kinetic (jet) or mechanical energy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a piston type jet engine which is large in compression ratio and small in restriction of temperature resistance and strength of materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

A piston jet engine, comprising: the air compressor mechanism is connected with the air storage tank; the compressor mechanism is used for providing compressed air for the air storage tank, and the thrust nozzle is used for generating jet air flow.

More preferably, the compressor mechanism includes: the piston is connected with the power cylinder body and the gas compressor cylinder body respectively; the power cylinder body is provided with a first spark plug port, a mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, and is circularly communicated with the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet and the waste gas outlet one by one through a first reversing valve; an air inlet and a compressed air outlet are arranged on the air compressor cylinder body, and the air compressor cylinder body is circularly communicated with the air inlet and the compressed air outlet one by one through a second reversing valve; the piston rod is connected with a reset cylinder which is used for assisting in realizing the reset of the piston rod; the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet and the compressed air outlet are connected with the air storage tank.

More preferably, the number of the compressor mechanisms is at least two, and the specifications of the compressor mechanisms are the same or the compressor cylinder bodies of the compressor mechanisms have different cylinder diameters.

More preferably, the mixed high pressure combustible gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet communicate with the power cylinder block through a first passage in which the first directional valve is disposed; the air inlet and the compressed air outlet are communicated with the compressor cylinder body through a second channel, and the second reversing valve is arranged in the second channel.

More preferably, the power cylinder block has a smaller cylinder diameter than the compressor cylinder block.

More preferably, the thrust nozzle includes: the high-pressure air fuel nozzle comprises a shell, a nozzle opening, a second spark plug opening, a high-pressure air inlet, a fuel inlet and a valve core, wherein the nozzle opening, the second spark plug opening, the high-pressure air inlet and the fuel inlet are arranged on the shell, the valve core is arranged in the shell, one end of the valve core is in elastic contact with the shell through a spring, and the other end of the valve core is matched with the nozzle opening and used for opening and closing the nozzle.

More preferably, the thrust nozzle generates jet air flow to directly act on the tooth surface of the gear to form a high-torque power output system.

More preferably, the gear is one or more of an external gear, an internal gear and an external gear ring.

More preferably, the gear comprises two gears which are meshed with each other, and the thrust nozzle generates jet air flow to directly act on the meshing position of the gears.

More preferably, the piston jet engine is mounted on a bicycle, a motor vehicle, an aircraft or a catapult, and is driven by the reverse thrust generated by the jet stream.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the compressor mechanism and the thrust nozzle are divided into two independent mechanisms, so that standardized, large-scale and large-scale production is convenient to realize. Meanwhile, a plurality of compressor mechanisms can be conveniently connected to the air storage tank according to needs, so that compressed air with an ultra-large volume can be compressed, the temperature of fuel gas can be reduced by improving the compression ratio, and the temperature resistance requirement of used materials is further reduced; the piston jet engine has the advantages of simple structure, lower processing technology and processing difficulty, and capability of being produced by using common temperature-resistant materials, greatly reduces the cost, promotes the large-scale production, application and popularization of a combustion engine, and breaks the monopoly blockade of foreign gas turbines.

Secondly, high-pressure air and fuel are respectively input to the outside to enter the power cylinder body, the piston is pushed to move downwards by ignition and explosion of a spark plug to do work on the cylinder body of the air compressor, and compressed air is output; thus, during the piston downstroke, additional injection of compressed air and fuel may be continued to maintain the piston downstroke, thereby achieving a high compression ratio.

Thirdly, because the compression ratio of the gas storage tank can be very large, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the thrust nozzle can be directly sprayed on the surface of the gear in the positive direction during actual application, so that the gear is pushed to rotate to output mechanical energy, a crank-link mechanism is avoided, and the vibration phenomenon of the engine caused by the crank-link mechanism is also avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a piston jet engine according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compressor mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another compressor mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the thrust nozzle structure.

Fig. 5-8 are schematic structural diagrams of a high-torque power output system.

Figure 9 shows a schematic view of a piston jet engine application.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of another application of a piston jet engine.

Description of reference numerals:

1: a gas storage tank, 2: compressor mechanism, 3: thrust nozzle, 4, 5: a one-way valve.

2-1: power cylinder block, 2-2: compressor cylinder, 2-3: piston, 2-4: first spark plug port, 2-5: mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet, 2-6: exhaust gas discharge port, 2-7: first direction change valve, 2-8: air inlet, 2-9: compressed air outlet, 2-10: second direction change valve, 2-11: and (6) resetting the air cylinder.

3-1: shell, 3-2: nozzle opening, 3-3: second spark plug port, 3-4: high-pressure air inlet, 3-5: fuel inlet, 3-6: a valve core.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the terms of orientation, such as "central", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., it indicates that the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated without limiting the specific scope of protection of the present invention.

Furthermore, if the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, they are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Thus, a definition of "a first" or "a second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature, and in the description of the invention, "at least" means one or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "assembled", "connected", and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; or may be a mechanical connection; the two elements can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium, and the two elements can be communicated with each other. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, "above" or "below" a first feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "above," "below," and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply an elevation which indicates a level of the first feature being higher than an elevation of the second feature. The first feature being "above", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings of the specification, so that the technical solutions and the advantages thereof are more clear and clear. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a piston jet engine comprises: the air compressor mechanism comprises an air storage tank 1, an air compressor mechanism 2 and a thrust nozzle 3, wherein the air compressor mechanism 2 and the thrust nozzle 3 are connected with the air storage tank 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the compressor mechanism 2 includes: the device comprises a power cylinder body 2-1, a gas compressor cylinder body 2-2 and a piston 2-3, wherein the cylinder diameter of the power cylinder body 2-1 is smaller than that of the gas compressor cylinder body 2-2, and two ends of the piston 2-3 are respectively connected into the power cylinder body 2-1 and the gas compressor cylinder body 2-2; a first spark plug port 2-4, a mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet 2-5 and a waste gas outlet 2-6 are arranged on the power cylinder block 2-1, and the power cylinder block 2-1 is circularly communicated with the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet 2-5 and the waste gas outlet 2-6 one by one through a first reversing valve 2-7; an air inlet 2-8 and a compressed air outlet 2-9 are arranged on the air compressor cylinder body 2-2, and the air compressor cylinder body 2-2 is circularly communicated with the air inlet 2-8 and the compressed air outlet 2-9 one by one through a second reversing valve 2-10; and the piston rod 2-3 is connected with a reset cylinder 2-11 for assisting in resetting the piston rod 2-3. The mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet 2-5 and the compressed air outlet 2-9 are connected with the air storage tank 1, and a one-way valve 4 is arranged between the compressed air outlet 2-9 and the air storage tank 1.

Preferably, the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet 2-5 and the exhaust gas discharge port 2-6 communicate with the power cylinder block 2-1 through a first passage in which the first direction change valve 2-7 is disposed; the air inlet 2-8 and the compressed air outlet 2-9 are communicated with the compressor cylinder 2-2 through a second channel, and the second reversing valve 2-10 is arranged in the second channel; simple structure, and is convenient for the installation and use of the reversing valve.

The working principle of the air compressing mechanism 2 is as follows: the piston 2-3 reaches the top of the power cylinder body 2-1, the first reversing valve 2-7 closes the exhaust gas outlet 2-6, opens the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet 2-5, the high-pressure air mixed fuel from the air storage tank 1 forms high-pressure combustible gas, the high-pressure combustible gas is injected into the power cylinder body 2-1, the second reversing valve 2-10 closes the air inlet 2-8, opens the compressed air outlet 2-9, the piston moves downwards, the thrust in the power cylinder body 2-1 is balanced with the reverse thrust in the air compressor cylinder body 2-2, the spark plug in the power cylinder body 2-1 is ignited, the released heat energy enables the cylinder to generate higher high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, the fuel gas expands to continuously push the piston 2-3 to move downwards, and the air in the air compressor cylinder body 2-2 is compressed, the air compressor cylinder body 2-2 outputs compressed air to the air storage tank 1 to be stored, the lower end of the piston 2-3 descends to the bottom of the air compressor cylinder body 3-2, the first reversing valve 2-7 and the second reversing valve 2-10 are reversed simultaneously, the power cylinder body 2-1 closes the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet 2-5, opens the waste gas outlet 2-6 to discharge waste gas, the air compressor cylinder body 2-2 closes the compressed air outlet 2-9, opens the air inlet 2-8 to enter an air suction state, and the reset cylinder 2-11 pushes the piston 12 to ascend and reset to the top of the power cylinder body 2-1 to form a stroke cycle.

In order to provide sufficient compressed air to the thrust nozzle 3, in other embodiments, the compressor mechanism 2 employs multiple sets of the same-cylinder-diameter compressor mechanism or multiple stages of compressor mechanisms (volume amplifiers) that increase from a small cylinder diameter to a large cylinder diameter. Referring to fig. 3, the double-cylinder air compressing mechanism has the same working principle as the single-cylinder air compressing mechanism, and two piston rods of the double-cylinder air compressing mechanism share one reset cylinder.

As shown in fig. 4, the thrust nozzle 3 includes: the fuel nozzle comprises a shell 3-1, a nozzle opening 3-2, a second spark plug opening 3-3, a high-pressure air inlet 3-4, a fuel inlet 3-5 and a valve core 3-6, wherein the nozzle opening 3-2, the second spark plug opening 3-3, the high-pressure air inlet 3-4 and the fuel inlet are arranged on the shell 3-1, the valve core 3-6 is arranged in the shell 3-1, one end of the valve core 3-6 is in elastic contact with the shell 3-1 through a spring, and the other end of the valve core 3-6 is matched with the nozzle opening 3-2 and used for. The high-pressure air inlet 3-4 is connected with the air storage tank 1, and a one-way valve 5 is arranged between the high-pressure air inlet and the air storage tank.

The working principle of the thrust nozzle 3 is as follows: high-pressure air supplied by the air storage tank 1 enters the thrust nozzle 3 from high-pressure air 3-4, at the moment, the valve core 3-6 slightly moves upwards, a small number of nozzle openings 3-2 are opened to complete the action of sweeping waste gas, then fuel is injected through the fuel inlet 3-5, a spark plug in the thrust nozzle 3 is ignited, high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas is generated in the shell 3-1, the fuel gas pushes the valve core 3-6 to continuously move upwards, the nozzle openings 3-2 are completely opened, and the fuel gas is expanded and injected outwards from the opened nozzle openings 3-2 to generate injection thrust kinetic energy.

Compared with the prior art, the piston type jet engine provided by the embodiment has the following characteristics:

1. because high-pressure air and fuel are respectively input into the power cylinder body from the outside, the piston is pushed to move downwards by ignition and explosion of the spark plug, the cylinder body of the air compressor is made to work, and compressed air is output; thus, during the piston downstroke, additional injection of compressed air and fuel may be continued to maintain the piston downstroke, thereby achieving a high compression ratio. In addition, still can connect multistage pneumatic mechanism on the gas holder, provide compressed air for the power cylinder block of the bigger bore of next stage through the gas holder, can promote the compressor cylinder block of super large bore, realize suppressing super large volume compressed air. In practical application, high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas generated by the thrust nozzle can be directly sprayed on the surface of the gear to form a large-torque power output system, so that the gear is pushed to rotate to output mechanical energy. The specific structure of the high-torque power output system is shown in fig. 5-8. The said large torque power output system has no crank link mechanism and thus no limitation in compression ratio, and may be used in making compressor with even high compression ratio and engine without vibration.

2. Because the air compression mechanism is an independent mechanism, the high-temperature gas in the thrust nozzle is completely 100% ejected in a mode of ejecting kinetic energy to form thrust, and the generated thrust is far higher than the thrust generated by the residual work after the gas turbine finishes the mechanical energy. And the high-temperature high-pressure gas is directly injected on the front surface of the gear to push the gear to rotate so as to output mechanical energy, and the output mechanical energy is far higher than the mechanical energy output by the high-temperature high-pressure gas of the gas turbine acting on the turbine inclined plane impeller to rotate. The production of the cylinder and the gear does not need the technical requirement of high precision, and is a mature technology. Because the compression ratio is not limited, under the condition of the same output power, the temperature of the fuel gas is reduced by improving the compression ratio, and the temperature resistance requirement of the used materials of the cylinder and the gear can be reduced. The piston jet engine has simple structure, lower processing technology and processing difficulty and can be produced by using common temperature-resistant materials, the cost can be greatly reduced, and the large-scale production, application and popularization of the combustion engine are promoted, so that the monopoly blockade of foreign gas turbines is broken.

3. The piston jet engine can use gas fuel, liquid fuel and solid fuel (gunpowder can only be used on a thrust nozzle, and the piston jet engine becomes a rocket engine), and the fuel selection range is wide. The piston jet engine belongs to an internal combustion engine and has the same application range as the internal combustion engine.

4. The piston jet engine needs a micro compressor to provide compressed air for starting, and the micro compressor is successfully disconnected during starting.

5. The piston type jet engine can output mechanical work through a large-torque output system to drive a driven machine to work, and can be fixed on a vehicle to directly drive the vehicle to move forward through reverse thrust generated by jet kinetic energy, as shown in figures 9 and 10, the vehicle is not provided with a transmission mechanism, and only a steering mechanism and a braking system are required.

6. The compressor mechanism and the thrust nozzle can be divided into two independent mechanisms so as to be convenient for realizing standardized, large-scale and large-scale production.

7. The piston jet engine can also be applied to a personal jet aircraft and can also be combined into a flight transportation platform. The popularization of the piston jet engine drives the popularization of the personal jet aircraft, and the traveling mode of people is changed. The popularization of the personal jet aircrafts and the flight transportation platforms also drives the change of living, people can live in hundreds of or hundreds of buildings, the buildings are provided with parking aprons, the buildings come and go through the public flight transportation platforms, and a city is built into a huge high building, so that a large amount of land is vacated.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of construction and principles that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that modifications and substitutions based on the teachings of the art may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The details not described in the detailed description are prior art or common general knowledge.

Claims

1. A piston jet engine, comprising: the air compressor mechanism is connected with the air storage tank; the compressor mechanism is used for providing compressed air for the air storage tank, and the thrust nozzle is used for generating jet air flow.

2. A piston jet engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said compressor mechanism comprises: the piston is connected with the power cylinder body and the gas compressor cylinder body respectively; the power cylinder body is provided with a first spark plug port, a mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, and is circularly communicated with the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet and the waste gas outlet one by one through a first reversing valve; an air inlet and a compressed air outlet are arranged on the air compressor cylinder body, and the air compressor cylinder body is circularly communicated with the air inlet and the compressed air outlet one by one through a second reversing valve; the piston rod is connected with a reset cylinder which is used for assisting in realizing the reset of the piston rod; the mixed high-pressure combustible gas inlet and the compressed air outlet are connected with the air storage tank.

3. A piston jet engine as in claim 2, wherein there are at least two compressor mechanisms, and the compressor blocks of each compressor mechanism are of the same size or have different diameters.

4. A piston jet engine as in claim 2, wherein the mixed high pressure combustible gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet communicate with the power cylinder block through a first passage in which the first reversing valve is disposed; the air inlet and the compressed air outlet are communicated with the compressor cylinder body through a second channel, and the second reversing valve is arranged in the second channel.

5. A piston jet engine as in claim 2, wherein the power cylinder block has a smaller bore diameter than the compressor block.

6. A piston jet engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thrust nozzle comprises: the high-pressure air fuel nozzle comprises a shell, a nozzle opening, a second spark plug opening, a high-pressure air inlet, a fuel inlet and a valve core, wherein the nozzle opening, the second spark plug opening, the high-pressure air inlet and the fuel inlet are arranged on the shell, the valve core is arranged in the shell, one end of the valve core is in elastic contact with the shell through a spring, and the other end of the valve core is matched with the nozzle opening and used for opening and closing the nozzle.

7. A piston jet engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thrust jet produces jet air flow which acts directly on the tooth surfaces of the gear to form a high torque power take off system.

8. A piston jet engine as in claim 7, wherein the gear is one or more of an external gear, an internal gear, and an external ring gear.

9. A piston jet engine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the gear comprises two meshing gears, and the thrust jet produces an air jet that acts directly on the gear mesh.

10. A piston jet engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piston jet engine is mounted on a bicycle, a motor vehicle, an aircraft or a catapult for being driven by the reverse thrust generated by the jet stream.