CN110685768B - Variable valve driving device of engine and engine - Google Patents

Variable valve driving device of engine and engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110685768B
CN110685768B CN201910993201.9A CN201910993201A CN110685768B CN 110685768 B CN110685768 B CN 110685768B CN 201910993201 A CN201910993201 A CN 201910993201A CN 110685768 B CN110685768 B CN 110685768B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
cam
side rocker
valve
plunger
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CN201910993201.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110685768A (en
Inventor
姬腾飞
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201910993201.9A priority Critical patent/CN110685768B/en
Publication of CN110685768A publication Critical patent/CN110685768A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/116234 priority patent/WO2021073355A1/en
Priority to DE112020004972.8T priority patent/DE112020004972T5/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110685768B publication Critical patent/CN110685768B/en
Priority to US17/659,316 priority patent/US20220235678A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L2001/186—Split rocking arms, e.g. rocker arms having two articulated parts and means for varying the relative position of these parts or for selectively connecting the parts to move in unison
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • F01L2001/467—Lost motion springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F01L2305/02—Mounting of rollers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engines, and discloses a variable valve driving device of an engine and the engine, wherein a rocker mechanism of the variable valve driving device is a combined rocker mechanism and comprises a valve side rocker and at least one cam side rocker, a cam is arranged on a cam shaft for each cam side rocker, one end of the valve side rocker is connected with a valve mechanism, the other end of the valve side rocker is provided with a beam structure, the beam structure is positioned above the cam side rocker and has a certain clearance with the cam side rocker, a sliding block and a return spring are arranged on the cam side rocker, when an oil passage controlled by an electromagnetic valve is in a closed state and an open state, the sliding block respectively has a first position and a second position under the drive of the return spring and lubricating hydraulic force, and the sliding block respectively enables the cam side rocker and the valve side rocker to form a transmission chain and break the transmission chain when in the first position and the second position, therefore, the combined rocker arm mechanism can selectively transmit the driving lift of the cam corresponding to one cam side rocker arm to the valve side rocker arm, and variable valves are realized.

Description

Variable valve driving device of engine and engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a variable valve driving device of an engine, and further relates to the engine with the variable valve driving device.
Background
The known variable valve technology of the engine is that cams with different profiles are arranged on a camshaft of the engine, and the valve of the engine obtains the driving lift of the cams with different profiles through switching of a control device. One of them is to provide a slidable cam on a cam shaft, to make the cam slide and switch different cams by a control device, such as an audi AVS device, to provide different rocker arms, to control rocker arm mechanisms to be connected together when necessary, such as a honda VTEC device, to realize valve lift switching, and to provide a mechanical or hydraulic component in a valve driving device, to realize valve driving and valve stopping by locking and releasing the mechanical or hydraulic component. However, the above variable valve device has the following disadvantages: 1. most gasoline engines with smaller valve train load have difficulty in application to heavy-duty diesel engines; 2. a plurality of control valves (such as an AVS device) are required, the structure is complicated, the cost is high, or the change of the valve lift is limited (such as a VTEC device); 3. when the valve driving device is driven by a hydraulic component, the valve driving device is easily influenced by oil temperature, viscosity, leakage and the like, and the valve lift precision is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the existing variable valve device, the invention provides the variable valve driving device of the engine, which transmits the corresponding cam lift to the valve side rocker arm by controlling different cam side rocker arms to realize variable valves.
The invention provides a variable valve driving device of an engine, which comprises a rocker arm mechanism, a camshaft, a rocker arm shaft and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the rocker arm mechanism is a combined rocker arm mechanism, the combined rocker arm mechanism comprises a valve side rocker arm and at least one cam side rocker arm, rocker arm shaft mounting holes are formed in the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm, the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm are mounted on the rocker arm shaft side by side and can rotate on the rocker arm shaft, a cross beam structure is arranged at one end of the valve side rocker arm close to the camshaft, the cross beam structure is positioned above the cam side rocker arm and has a clearance with the cam side rocker arm, the main body structures of the cam side rocker arms are positioned at one side close to the camshaft, a cam is arranged on the camshaft corresponding to each cam side rocker arm, and the profiles of the cams are different, each cam side rocker arm is driven to lift by the corresponding cam, a sliding block and a return spring are arranged at the upper part of each cam side rocker arm, the sliding block can move in a gap between the beam structure and the cam side rocker arm, a rocker shaft oil passage is arranged in the rocker shaft, the sliding block can be driven by lubricating oil with pressure provided by the rocker shaft oil passage, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the rocker shaft oil passage, and the electromagnetic valve controls the connection and the disconnection of the rocker shaft oil passage and the lubricating oil with pressure.
Preferably, the number of the cam side rocker arms is two, one of the cam side rocker arms is a first cam side rocker arm, the other of the cam side rocker arms is a second cam side rocker arm, the sliders of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm have a first position under the action of the preload of the return spring when the electromagnetic valve controls the closing of the rocker shaft oil passage, and the sliders of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm have a second position under the hydraulic driving of lubricating oil when the electromagnetic valve controls the switching-on of the rocker shaft oil passage, wherein:
the first position of the slider of the first cam-side rocker arm is located between the cross-member structure of the valve-side rocker arm and the first cam-side rocker arm, in this position, the slider eliminates a gap between the first cam-side rocker arm and the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm, so that the first cam-side rocker arm and the valve-side rocker arm form a transmission chain, and the first cam-side rocker arm can transmit the drive lift of the cam corresponding thereto to the valve-side rocker arm, and the first position of the slider of the second cam-side rocker arm is located below the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm at a position staggered from the cross member structure, in this position the slider is unable to eliminate the play between the second cam-side rocker arm and the cross beam structure of the valve-side rocker arm, which are unable to form a drive chain;
the second position of the slider of the first cam-side rocker arm is located below the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm and displaced from the cross member structure, where the slider cannot eliminate a gap between the first cam-side rocker arm and the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm, where the first cam-side rocker arm and the valve-side rocker arm cannot form a transmission chain, and the second position of the slider of the second cam-side rocker arm is located between the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm and the second cam-side rocker arm, where the slider eliminates a gap between the second cam-side rocker arm and the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm, where the second cam-side rocker arm and the valve-side rocker arm form a transmission chain, and where the second cam-side rocker arm can transmit the drive lift of the cam corresponding thereto to the valve-side rocker arm, so that the combined rocker arm mechanism can selectively transmit the drive lift of the first cam-side rocker arm or the second cam-side rocker arm or the valve-side rocker arm The drive lift of the cam corresponding to the cam-side rocker arm is transmitted to the valve-side rocker arm.
Preferably, the upper portions of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm are both provided with plunger holes, the plunger holes are of a stepped hole structure, driving plungers are slidably mounted in the plunger holes, the driving plunger of the first cam side rocker arm is of a stepped shaft structure, a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section of the driving plunger are in clearance fit with the large-diameter hole and the small-diameter hole of the plunger hole respectively, a plug is mounted at one end, with the larger diameter, of the plunger hole of the first cam side rocker arm, a vent hole is formed in the plug, a return spring of the first cam side rocker arm is arranged between the one end, with the larger diameter, of the driving plunger and the plug, and the end, with the smaller diameter, of the driving plunger of the first cam side rocker arm penetrates through the smaller-diameter hole of the plunger hole and is connected with the slider;
one end of a plunger hole of the second cam side rocker arm is a cylindrical hole, the other end of the plunger hole of the second cam side rocker arm is a kidney-shaped hole, one end of the cylindrical hole of the plunger hole of the second cam side rocker arm is provided with a sealed plug, a driving plunger of the second cam side rocker arm is of a stepped shaft structure, the large diameter section of the driving plunger is a cylinder and is in clearance fit with the cylindrical hole of the plunger hole, two side surfaces of the small diameter section of the driving plunger are processed into flat shapes, the sectional area of the flat shapes is smaller than that of the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole, a return spring of the second cam side rocker arm is arranged between the driving plunger and the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole, and one end of the driving plunger of the second cam side rocker arm processed into a flat shape penetrates through the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole to be connected with the sliding block;
and rocker arm oil ducts are respectively arranged on the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm, one end of each rocker arm oil duct is communicated with the cavity formed by the plunger hole and the end, not provided with the return spring, of the driving plunger, and the other end of each rocker arm oil duct is communicated with the rocker arm shaft oil duct.
Preferably, the slider is the rectangular block that one side has arc surface or inclined plane, the one end that slider and drive plunger are connected is processed slottedly and the pinhole, and through the pin with the drive plunger is connected, the slider is arc surface or inclined plane at the preceding terminal surface that drive plunger promoted its direction of advance, the slider bottom surface is the plane, the top surface of slider with the crossbeam structure bottom surface of valve side rocking arm is the plane, perhaps, the top surface of slider is equipped with circular arc or wedge indent or arch, the crossbeam structure bottom surface of valve side rocking arm be equipped with the identical circular arc of the top surface shape of slider or wedge arch or indent.
Preferably, when the combined rocker arm mechanism has two cam side rocker arms, a rocker arm shaft oil passage is arranged in the rocker arm shaft, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the rocker arm shaft oil passage, and the rocker arm shaft oil passage is simultaneously communicated with the rocker arm oil passages on the two cam side rocker arms, or two rocker arm shaft oil passages are arranged in the rocker arm shaft, an electromagnetic valve is respectively arranged on each rocker arm shaft oil passage, the two rocker arm shaft oil passages are respectively communicated with the rocker arm oil passages on the two cam side rocker arms, when the combined rocker arm mechanism has more than two cam side rocker arms, a rocker arm shaft oil passage is respectively and independently arranged in the rocker arm shaft for each cam side rocker arm and is respectively communicated with the rocker arm oil passages on each cam side rocker arm, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on each rocker arm shaft oil passage.
Preferably, the middle part of the valve side rocker arm is a notch, two side walls are respectively arranged at two sides of the valve side rocker arm, the rocker arm shaft mounting hole is formed in the side wall, the cross beam structure is arranged at one end, close to the camshaft, of the valve side rocker arm, the cross beam structure is connected with the two side walls of the valve side rocker arm, and the cam side rocker arm is mounted at the position of the notch between the two side walls of the valve side rocker arm.
Preferably, the valve side rocker arm is of a plate-shaped structure, the rocker arm shaft mounting hole is formed in the middle of the plate-shaped structure, the cross beam structure is of a T-shaped structure, and the cam side rocker arms are respectively mounted on the left side and the right side of the valve side rocker arm.
Preferably, a rocker arm spring is arranged between the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm of the combined rocker arm mechanism, the rocker arm spring is a coil spring or a torque spring, the rocker arm spring is mounted between the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm or on a rocker arm shaft, one end of the rocker arm spring acts on the valve side rocker arm, the other end of the rocker arm spring acts on the cam side rocker arm, and the rocker arm spring has a certain pretightening force, so that the valve side rocker arm is always in contact with the valve mechanism, and the cam side rocker arm is always in contact with the cam.
Preferably, the cam side rocker arm is provided with a roller which is in contact with a corresponding cam on the cam shaft and is driven by the cam, or the cam side rocker arm is provided with a ball socket or ball head structure which is connected with a push rod driven by the cam shaft and is driven by the push rod.
The invention also provides another variable valve driving device of an engine, which comprises a rocker arm mechanism, a camshaft, a rocker arm shaft and a solenoid valve, wherein the rocker arm mechanism is a combined rocker arm mechanism, the combined rocker arm mechanism comprises a valve side rocker arm and two cam side rocker arms, namely a first cam side rocker arm and a second cam side rocker arm, the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arms are arranged on the rocker arm shaft side by side and can rotate on the rocker arm shaft, the main body structures of the cam side rocker arms are positioned at one side close to the camshaft, a cam is arranged on the camshaft corresponding to each cam side rocker arm, the profiles of the cams are different, each cam side rocker arm is driven by the corresponding cam to lift, bosses are respectively arranged at the tops of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm, the two bosses are arranged in a staggered way from front to back, a plunger hole is arranged at the upper part of the valve side rocker arm, the plunger hole is a stepped hole, a driving plunger is slidably arranged in the plunger hole and is a stepped shaft, one end of the driving plunger penetrates through the plunger hole and is connected with a movable block, a return spring is arranged in the plunger hole at one end of the driving plunger, the plunger hole at the other end of the driving plunger is communicated with a rocker arm oil duct, the rocker arm oil duct is arranged in the valve side rocker arm and is communicated with a rocker arm shaft oil duct, the rocker arm shaft oil duct is arranged in the rocker arm shaft, the movable block can be driven by lubricating oil with pressure provided by the rocker arm shaft oil duct, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the rocker arm shaft oil duct and is used for controlling the rocker arm shaft oil duct to be communicated with and closed by the lubricating oil with pressure;
when the rocker shaft oil passage is closed, the movable block has a first position under the action of the pretightening force of the return spring, at the position, the movable block eliminates a gap between the first cam side rocker and the valve side rocker, so that the first cam side rocker and the valve side rocker form a transmission chain, and a movable block gap is arranged above a boss of the second cam side rocker, so that the second cam side rocker and the valve side rocker cannot form the transmission chain;
when the rocker shaft oil channel is communicated, the movable block is hydraulically driven to have a second position, in the second position, the gap between the second cam side rocker and the valve side rocker is eliminated by the movable block, so that the second cam side rocker and the valve side rocker form a transmission chain, and a movable block gap is arranged above the boss of the first cam side rocker, so that the first cam side rocker and the valve side rocker cannot form the transmission chain.
Preferably, a side of the boss of cam side rocking arm is the arc surface, the arc surface center is concentric with rocking arm shaft hole center, the movable block install in the spout of valve side rocking arm top, be located the top of the boss of cam side rocking arm, the movable block is a cuboid block, the left and right sides is equipped with a breach respectively on the movable block, on the breach with the arc surface of boss corresponds the position and is equipped with the arc surface on the cam side rocking arm, the arc surface with the arc surface of boss has the same radius on the cam side rocking arm.
The present invention also provides an engine including the variable valve driving apparatus of any one of the above-described engines.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings of different embodiments or design schemes, parts have the same reference numbers as other embodiments, which only represent the parts which have the same functions in different embodiments, and do not mean the same parts or have the same structures, and the specific reference should be made to the drawings and the description. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the assembled rocker arm mechanism of the first embodiment of the variable valve actuation apparatus of the engine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of components of a combined rocker arm mechanism of a first embodiment of a variable valve actuation apparatus of the engine of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the valve side rocker arm structure of the first embodiment of the variable valve driving apparatus of the engine of the invention;
fig. 5 and 6 are a schematic view of a first cam-side rocker arm structure and a sectional view of a first embodiment of a variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to the present invention mounted on a combined rocker arm mechanism (a slider in a first position), respectively;
fig. 7 and 8 are a schematic view of a second cam-side rocker arm structure and a sectional view of the second cam-side rocker arm mounted on the combined rocker arm mechanism (slider in the first position) of the first embodiment of the variable valve driving apparatus of the engine of the invention, respectively;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a slider of the first embodiment of the variable valve driving device of the engine of the invention;
fig. 10 and 11 are sectional structural views of the sliders of the first and second cam side rocker arms of the first embodiment of the variable valve driving device of the engine of the invention in the second position, respectively;
fig. 12 is a sectional view of the slider of the first embodiment of the variable valve driving device of the engine of the present invention, which is blocked by the cross member at the time of position switching;
FIG. 13 is an assembled block diagram and an exploded view of another design of a combined rocker arm mechanism of the variable valve actuation device of the engine of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the construction and installation of another design of a rocker spring of the variable valve actuating apparatus of the engine of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a configuration in which a combined rocker arm of the variable valve driving apparatus of the engine of the invention has one cam-side rocker arm;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a rocker shaft of the variable valve actuating apparatus of the engine of the present invention in which two cam side rocker arms are provided with a rocker shaft oil passage and a solenoid valve, respectively;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a cam side rocker arm of the variable valve driving apparatus of the engine of the invention driven by a push rod;
FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the variable valve driving device of the engine of the present invention (the camshaft and the solenoid valve are not shown);
fig. 19 and 20 are schematic structural views of a first cam side rocker arm and a second cam side rocker arm of a second embodiment of a variable valve driving device of an engine of the invention;
fig. 21 is a valve side rocker structure diagram of a second embodiment of the variable valve driving device of the engine of the present invention and a sectional view taken along the rocker oil passage and the center of the plunger hole in an assembled state;
fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of a movable block of the second embodiment of the variable valve actuating apparatus of the engine of the present invention;
fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of a movable block of the second embodiment of the variable valve actuating device of the engine of the present invention in the first position;
fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of a movable block of the second embodiment of the variable valve actuating device of the engine of the present invention in a second position;
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more, and the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", and the like used indicate orientations or positional relationships only for convenience of description and explanation of the present invention based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the present invention, and should not be construed as a specific orientation or positional relationship that the referred device or element must have, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 depicts a first embodiment of a variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to the present invention, which includes a rocker arm mechanism 1, a camshaft 2, a rocker shaft 3, and a solenoid valve 4, wherein the rocker arm mechanism 1 includes a valve-side rocker arm 11 and two cam-side rocker arms: a first cam side rocker arm 12 and a second cam side rocker arm 13. Fig. 2 and 3 show a schematic structural view of the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 assembled together and an exploded view of the respective parts, respectively, and fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the valve-side rocker arm 11, and as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, rocker shaft mounting holes are provided in the valve-side rocker arm 11 and the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the second cam-side rocker arm 13, and one end of the valve-side rocker arm 11 near the valve is connected to a valve or an intermediate part of a drive valve (e.g., a valve bridge) for opening and closing the drive valve. The middle of the valve side rocker arm 11 is a notch, two side walls are respectively provided with a side wall, rocker shaft mounting holes are arranged on the side walls, a cross beam structure 111 is arranged at one end, close to the camshaft 2, of the valve side rocker arm 11 and connected with the two side walls of the valve side rocker arm, the cross beam structure 111 is positioned above the two cam side rocker arms 12 and 13 and has a certain gap with the two cam side rocker arms 12 and 13, and the two cam side rocker arms 12 and 13 are positioned at the notch position between the two side walls of the valve side rocker arm 11 side by side, are mounted on the rocker shaft 3 together with the valve side rocker arm 11 and can rotate on the rocker shaft 3.
The main structure of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are located on one side close to the camshaft 2, and cams 21 and 22 with different profiles are respectively arranged on the camshaft 2 at positions corresponding to the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13, as shown in fig. 1, and the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are connected with the corresponding cams on the camshaft 2 and receive the driving lifts of the corresponding cams. Normally, the cam 21 corresponding to the first cam side rocker arm 12 is configured as a cam which is most commonly used by the engine and normally works, and the cam 22 corresponding to the second cam side rocker arm 13 is configured as a cam with other functions designed according to requirements, such as a cam for engine braking or improving engine performance.
Figures 5 and 6 show a schematic view of the construction of the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and its section when mounted on the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 (with the slider in the first position), the upper part of the first cam side rocker arm 12 is provided with a plunger hole which is of a stepped hole structure, the driving plunger 121 is slidably arranged in the plunger hole, the driving plunger 121 is of a stepped shaft structure, the large-diameter section and the small-diameter section are in clearance fit with the large-diameter hole and the small-diameter hole of the plunger hole respectively, the end with the larger diameter of the plunger hole of the first cam side rocker arm 12 is provided with a plug 124 which is provided with an exhaust hole, the return spring 122 of the first cam-side rocker arm 12 is disposed between the larger diameter end of the drive plunger 121 and the plug 124, the smaller diameter end of the driving plunger 121 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 passes through the smaller diameter plunger hole and is connected to the slider 123.
Figures 7 and 8 show respectively a schematic view of the construction of the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and its section when mounted on the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 (with the slider in the first position), a plunger hole is arranged at the upper part of the second cam side rocker arm 13, one end of the plunger hole is a cylindrical hole, the other end of the plunger hole is a kidney-shaped hole, one end of a cylindrical hole of the plunger hole is provided with a sealed plug 134, a driving plunger 131 is slidably arranged in the plunger hole, one end of the driving plunger 131 is a cylinder, has clearance fit with the cylindrical hole of the plunger hole, the other end of the driving plunger 131 is processed into a flat shape, the flat cross-sectional area is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole, the return spring 132 of the second cam side rocker arm 13 is arranged between the driving plunger 131 and the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole, the driving plunger 131 is processed into a flat shape, and one end of the flat shape penetrates through a waist-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole to be connected with the slider 133.
Fig. 9 shows the schematic structural diagrams of the sliders 123 and 133, the sliders are rectangular blocks with arc surfaces or inclined surfaces on one sides, grooves and pin holes are formed in one ends of the sliders connected with the driving plungers, and are connected with the driving plungers through pins, the C surfaces of the front end surfaces of the sliders in the advancing direction of the driving plungers are arc surfaces or inclined surfaces, the bottom surfaces of the sliders are planes, the top surfaces of the sliders and the bottom surfaces of the beam structures 111 of the valve side rocker arms 11 are planes, or arc or wedge-shaped concaves or bulges are arranged on the top surfaces of the sliders, and the bottom surfaces of the beam structures 111 of the valve side rocker arms 11 are provided with arc or wedge-shaped bulges or concaves matched with the top surfaces of the sliders in shape, so that the sliders cannot slide out accidentally in the contact transmission process with the beams.
The rocker shaft 3 is internally provided with a rocker shaft oil passage 31 connected with lubricating oil with a certain pressure of an engine, the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are both provided with rocker arm oil passages 125 and 135, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, one end of the rocker arm oil passage is communicated with a cavity formed by the plunger hole and the end of the driving plunger where no return spring is placed, the other end of the rocker arm oil passage is communicated with the rocker shaft oil passage, the rocker shaft oil passage 31 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 4, and the electromagnetic valve 4 controls the rocker shaft oil passage 31 to be communicated with and closed by the lubricating oil with a certain pressure.
When the electromagnetic valve 4 controls the rocker shaft oil passage 31 to be closed, no pressure exists in the rocker oil passage, the driving plungers 121 and 131 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are subjected to the pre-tightening force of the return springs 122 and 132, and the sliders 123 and 133 are pushed to slide to one end of the plunger hole, and at the moment, the position of the sliders 123 and 133 under the pre-tightening force of the return springs 122 and 132 is a first position as shown in fig. 6 and 8; when the electromagnetic valve 4 controls the rocker shaft oil passage 31 to be switched on, lubricating oil with certain pressure of the engine enters the rocker oil passage, so that the driving plungers 121 and 131 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are subjected to the hydraulic action of the lubricating oil, the driving plungers overcome the return spring force and push the sliding blocks 123 and 133 to slide to the other ends of the plunger holes, and the positions of the sliding blocks 123 and 133 under the hydraulic action of the lubricating oil are the second positions as shown in fig. 10 and 11.
Wherein the first position of the slider 123 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 is located between the cross beam structure 111 of the valve side rocker arm 11 and the first cam side rocker arm 12, as shown in figure 6, in which the slider 123 eliminates the play between the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the cross structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11, so that the first cam-side rocker arm 12 forms a transmission chain with the valve-side rocker arm 11, and the first position of the slider 133 of the second cam-side rocker arm 13 is located below the cross-member structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11, offset from it, as shown in figure 8, in this position, the slider 133 cannot eliminate the play between the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and the cross structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11, so that the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 cannot form a transmission chain.
The second position of the slider 123 of the first cam-side rocker arm 12 is located below the cross member structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11 and offset from the cross member structure, as shown in fig. 10, in which the slider 123 does not eliminate the play between the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the cross member structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11, so that the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 cannot form a transmission chain, and the second position of the slider 133 of the second cam-side rocker arm 13 is located between the cross member structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11 and the second cam-side rocker arm 13, as shown in fig. 11, in which the slider 133 eliminates the play between the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and the cross member structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11, so that the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 form a transmission chain.
Further, rocker springs 14 and 15 are provided between the valve side rocker arm 11 and the first and second cam side rocker arms 12 and 13 of the combined rocker arm mechanism 1, respectively, as shown in fig. 3, 6 and 8, the rocker springs 14 and 15 are coil springs, the rocker springs 14 and 15 are installed between the valve side rocker arm 11 and the first and second cam side rocker arms 12 and 13, one end of the rocker springs 14 and 15 acts on the valve side rocker arm 11, and the other end acts on the first and second cam side rocker arms 12 and 13, and the rocker springs 14 and 15 have a certain biasing force so that the valve side rocker arm 11 is always kept in contact with the valve mechanism and the first and second cam side rocker arms 12 and 13 are always kept in contact with the cam.
In a first embodiment of the variable valve driving apparatus of an engine provided by the present invention, the operation and principle of the apparatus are: when the engine is in normal operation, the electromagnetic valve 4 on the rocker shaft oil passage 31 is in a de-energized state, and the sliders 123 and 133 of the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the second cam-side rocker arm 13 are in the first position under the biasing force of the return springs 122 and 132, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, when the slider 123 is in the first position, the gap between the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the cross beam structure 111 of the valve-side rocker arm 11 is eliminated, so that the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 form a transmission chain, the first cam-side rocker arm 12 can transmit the driving force of the cam 21 corresponding to the driving force to the valve-side rocker arm 11, the engine operates according to the lift of the cam 21 corresponding to the first cam-side rocker arm 12, and when the slider 133 of the second cam-side rocker arm 13 is in the first position, the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 cannot form a transmission chain, which is in a lost motion state when driven by the cam 22.
When the engine needs to switch to the lift operation of the cam 22 corresponding to the second cam side rocker arm 13, the electromagnetic valve 4 on the rocker arm shaft oil passage 31 is energized, the rocker arm shaft oil passage 31 is communicated with lubricating oil with certain pressure of the engine, the driving plungers 121 and 131 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are subjected to the hydraulic action of the lubricating oil to push the sliders 123 and 133 to be in the second position, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, when the slider 123 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 is in the second position, the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the valve side rocker arm 11 cannot form a transmission chain, the first cam side rocker arm 12 is in a lost motion state when being driven by the cam 21, and the slider 133 of the second cam side rocker arm 13 is in the second position, the gap between the second cam side rocker arm 13 and the cross beam structure 111 of the valve side rocker arm 11 is eliminated, the second cam side rocker arm 13 and the valve side rocker arm 11 form a transmission chain, so that the second cam side rocker arm 13 can transmit the driving lift of the cam 22 corresponding to the second cam side rocker arm to the valve side rocker arm 11, and the engine operates according to the lift of the cam 22 corresponding to the second cam side rocker arm 13, thereby realizing variable valves. And the existence of the rocker arm springs 14 and 15 can ensure that the cam side rocker arm in the lost motion state is always in contact with the corresponding cam in the motion process, thereby avoiding collision damage between parts caused by uncontrolled flying off.
When the sliders 123 and 133 of the cam side rocker arms are switched from the first position to the second position, when the cams 21 and 22 corresponding to the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are both in the base circle part, the valve is in a closed state, no force acts between the cam and the rocker arms, and the sliders are not subjected to resistance when moving, so that the switching can be smoothly realized; when the cam 21 corresponding to the first cam side rocker arm 12 is in a lift part, the first cam side rocker arm 12 drives the valve side rocker arm 11 to open or close a valve, a large force exists between the slider of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the cross beam structure 111 of the valve side rocker arm 11, the magnitude of the hydraulic force received by the driving plunger 121 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 is limited, the slider 123 cannot be pushed to withdraw from the transmission chain formed with the valve side rocker arm 11, and only when the cam 21 rotates to a base circle part, no force exists between the slider 123 and the cross beam structure 111, and at this time, the slider 123 can be pushed by the driving plunger 121 to withdraw from the transmission chain formed with the valve side rocker arm 11; on the contrary, when the sliders 123 and 133 of the cam side rocker arms are switched from the second position back to the first position, as previously described, the same principle applies to the slider 133 exiting the transmission chain formed with the valve side rocker arm 11 only when the cam 22 corresponding to the second cam side rocker arm 13 is rotated to the base circle portion. Therefore, the variable valve driving apparatus of an engine of the present invention can prevent impact damage of the valve train caused by sudden change of the valve lift due to the cam not being in the base circle portion at the time of switching. Furthermore, the top surface of the slider and the bottom surface of the beam structure of the valve side rocker arm 11 can be provided with circular arcs or wedge-shaped bulges or concaves with mutually matched shapes, so that the slider can not slide out accidentally in the motion transmission process, and the reliability of the device is improved.
When the slider of the cam side rocker arm is switched between a first position and a second position, when the cam corresponding to the cam side rocker arm in the lost motion state is in a lifted state, when the cam corresponding to the cam side rocker arm of the transmission chain is positioned at the base circle part, the slide block positioned at the cam side rocker arm of the transmission chain can smoothly withdraw from the transmission chain, while the slide block of the cam-side rocker arm that needs to enter the drive chain is blocked by the cross-member structure 111 of said valve-side rocker arm 11 when pushed by the drive plunger, as shown in fig. 12, at this time, the arc surface or the inclined surface (C surface) at one end of the slider contacts with the beam, and generates sliding between the cam side rocker arm and the cross beam along with the swinging of the cam side rocker arm until the cam corresponding to the cam side rocker arm to enter the transmission chain rotates to the base circle part, the blocking of the sliding block by the cross beam disappears, and the sliding block can be pushed to enable the cam side rocker arm and the valve side rocker arm to form a transmission chain. The C face that slider and crossbeam contacted establishes to the effect on arc surface or inclined plane and lies in: the circle center of the arc surface is designed to be concentric with the center of the rocker shaft, when the sliding block is blocked by the cross beam and slides with the swing of the cam side rocker arm and the cross beam, the position of the sliding block on the cam side rocker arm is unchanged, so that the driving plunger does not push back lubricating oil to generate larger resistance to cause abrasion of parts, the reliability of the device is improved, and the C surface of the sliding block has similar function when being designed as an inclined surface, and the processing is relatively simple.
Further, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the valve side rocker arm 11 of the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 may be designed as a plate-shaped structure, as shown in fig. 13, the middle of the plate-shaped structure is provided with a rocker shaft mounting hole, the upper part of the plate-shaped structure at the end of the valve side rocker arm 11 close to the camshaft is provided with a T-shaped beam structure 111, the T-shaped beam structure 111 is located above the cam side rocker arm, and the cam side rocker arms are respectively mounted on the left side and the right side of the valve side rocker arm 11, so that the combined rocker arm mechanism may be more compact in structure and more adaptable.
Further, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the rocker springs 14 and 15 may be designed as torsion springs, and as shown in fig. 14, the rocker springs 14 and 15 are mounted on the rocker shaft 3, and one end of the rocker springs 14 and 15 acts on the valve side rocker arm 11, and the other end acts on the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13, which may reduce the height of the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 and improve the adaptability.
Further, in the embodiment, the number of the cam side rocker arms in the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 may be two, only one first cam side rocker arm 12 or more than 2 cam side rocker arms, and when there is only one first cam side rocker arm 12, as shown in fig. 15, the slider 123 of the first cam side rocker arm 12 may keep the valve closed all the time when being switched to the second position, so that the engine may realize the cylinder deactivation function. When the number of the cam side rocker arms is more than 2, more different valve lifts can be provided for the engine, so that the engine can have more working modes and functions.
Further, in specific implementations, with regard to the design of the rocker shaft oil passage 31 and the arrangement of the solenoid valves 4, different designs are possible when the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 has different numbers of cam-side rocker arms: when the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 is provided with two cam side rocker arms, a rocker arm shaft oil passage can be arranged in the rocker arm shaft 3, as shown in fig. 1, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the rocker arm shaft oil passage, and the rocker arm shaft oil passage is simultaneously communicated with the rocker arm oil passage on the cam side rocker arms, so that when the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, the slide blocks of the two cam side rocker arms are switched in position; in addition, when the combined rocker arm mechanism has two cam side rocker arms, two rocker arm shaft oil passages may also be provided in the rocker arm shaft, as shown in fig. 16, the two rocker arm shaft oil passages are respectively communicated with the rocker arm oil passages on the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13, and each solenoid valve is provided on the two rocker arm shaft oil passages and controls one cam side rocker arm. Adopt two rocking arm shaft oil ducts to be equipped with a solenoid valve respectively on the benefit lie in: the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 can have three working states by controlling the switching states of two electromagnetic valves: 1. driven by the first cam side rocker arm, 2 driven by the second cam side rocker arm, and 3, the first cam side rocker arm, and the second cam side rocker arm are all in a lost motion state (i.e., a valve stopped state). However, when the combined rocker arm mechanism has more than two cam side rocker arms, a rocker arm shaft oil passage needs to be provided in the rocker arm shaft for each cam side rocker arm, and the rocker arm shaft oil passage is respectively communicated with the rocker arm oil passages on the cam side rocker arms, and each rocker arm shaft oil passage is provided with one electromagnetic valve, because: when the first cam side rocker arm is out of transmission with the valve side rocker arm, only one of the second cam side rocker arms can be selected to drive the valve side rocker arm, or all the cam side rocker arms are in a lost motion state, and a state that two cam side rocker arms drive the valve side rocker arm simultaneously cannot be realized.
Further, in the specific implementation, the structure of the cam side rocker arm can be designed into a roller rocker arm with a roller, as shown in fig. 1, directly driven by a camshaft, and is suitable for an engine with an overhead camshaft structure, and can also be designed into a structure with a ball socket or a ball head, as shown in fig. 17, wherein the ball socket or the ball head is connected with a push rod driven by the camshaft, and is driven by the push rod, and is suitable for an engine with a non-overhead camshaft structure.
Fig. 18 depicts a second embodiment of the variable valve driving apparatus of an engine (camshaft and solenoid valve not shown) provided by the present invention, and in this embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment is a combined rocker arm mechanism 1, the combined rocker arm mechanism 1 including one valve-side rocker arm 11 and two cam-side rocker arms: a first cam side rocker arm 12 and a second cam side rocker arm 13. Fig. 19 and 20 respectively show structural schematic diagrams of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13, the upper portions of the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are not provided with a slider and a return spring, but are provided with bosses 124 and 134, one side surfaces 124C and 134C of the bosses 124 and 134 are arc surfaces, the centers of the arc surfaces are concentric with the center of a rocker shaft hole, the bosses 124 and 134 and the valve side rocker arm 11 have a certain gap, a gap is formed in the middle lower portion of the valve side rocker arm 11, two side walls are respectively provided on two sides, a rocker shaft mounting hole is formed in each side wall, and the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the second cam side rocker arm 13 are mounted in the gap position between two side walls of the valve side rocker arm 11 side by side.
Fig. 21 shows a structure diagram of the valve side rocker arm 11 of this embodiment and a cross-sectional view along a rocker oil passage and a plunger hole center in an assembled state, where a plunger hole is formed in the upper portion of the valve side rocker arm 11, the plunger hole is a stepped hole, a driving plunger 112 is slidably disposed in the plunger hole, the driving plunger 112 is a stepped shaft, one end of the driving plunger passes through the driving plunger hole and is connected to a movable block 114, a return spring 113 is disposed between the driving plunger 112 and the plunger hole, a rocker oil passage 115 is disposed on the valve side rocker arm 11, one end of the rocker oil passage 115 is communicated with a cavity formed by the plunger hole and one end of the driving plunger 112, where the return spring is not disposed, and the other end of the rocker oil passage is communicated with the rocker oil passage 31 of the rocker shaft.
Fig. 22 shows a schematic structural diagram of the movable block 114 in this embodiment, the movable block 114 is installed in a sliding groove above the valve-side rocker arm 11 and is located above the cam-side rocker arm bosses 124 and 134, the movable block 114 is a rectangular block, notches 1142 and 1143 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the movable block 114, circular arc surfaces 1142C and 1143C are arranged on the notches 1142 and 1143 at positions corresponding to the circular arc side surfaces 124C and 134C of the cam-side rocker arm boss, and the circular arc surfaces 1142C and 1143C have the same radius as the circular arc side surfaces 124C and 134C of the cam-side rocker arm boss.
When the rocker shaft oil passage 31 is closed, the movable block 114 has a first position under the biasing force of the return spring 113, as shown in fig. 23, in which the movable block 114 eliminates a gap between the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the valve-side rocker arm 11, so that the first cam-side rocker arm 12 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 form a transmission chain, and a notch 1143 of the movable block 114 is formed above the boss 134 of the second cam-side rocker arm 13, so that the second cam-side rocker arm 13 and the valve-side rocker arm 11 cannot form a transmission chain, which is in a lost motion state when driven by a cam; when the rocker shaft oil passage 31 is communicated, the movable block 114 is hydraulically driven to have a second position, as shown in fig. 24, in which the movable block 114 eliminates the gap between the second cam side rocker arm 13 and the valve side rocker arm 11, so that the second cam side rocker arm 13 and the valve side rocker arm 11 form a transmission chain, and a gap 1142 of the movable block 114 is formed above the boss 124 of the first cam side rocker arm 12, so that the first cam side rocker arm 12 and the valve side rocker arm 11 cannot form a transmission chain, which is in a lost motion state when driven by the cam.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, the same operation principle and process as those of the first embodiment are not repeated, and the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: in the embodiment, the movable block 114 is formed by replacing the aforementioned slide blocks respectively arranged on the cam side rocker arms with the single movable block 114 arranged on the valve side rocker arm 11, so that the number of parts is reduced, and the structure of the cam side rocker arm is simpler.
In addition, the invention also provides an engine which comprises the variable valve driving device of the engine.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments adopted to illustrate the design and principle of the present invention, and should not be understood as limitations of the present invention, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be further modified, or some technical features can be replaced, combined, and the like without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. The variable valve driving device of the engine comprises a rocker arm mechanism, a camshaft, a rocker arm shaft and an electromagnetic valve, and is characterized in that: the rocker arm mechanism is a combined rocker arm mechanism, the combined rocker arm mechanism comprises a valve side rocker arm and at least one cam side rocker arm, rocker arm shaft mounting holes are formed in the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm, the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm are mounted on a rocker arm shaft side by side and can rotate on the rocker arm shaft, a cross beam structure is arranged at one end, close to a cam shaft, of the valve side rocker arm, the cross beam structure is located above the cam side rocker arm and has a gap with the cam side rocker arm, a main body structure of the cam side rocker arm is located at one side, close to the cam shaft, a cam is arranged on each cam side rocker arm corresponding to the cam side rocker arm, the profiles of the cams are different, each cam side rocker arm is driven to lift by the corresponding cam, and a sliding block and a return spring are arranged at the upper part of the cam side rocker arm, the sliding block can move in a gap between the beam structure and the cam side rocker arm, a rocker arm shaft oil passage is arranged in the rocker arm shaft, the sliding block can be driven by lubricating oil with pressure provided by the rocker arm shaft oil passage, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the rocker arm shaft oil passage, and the electromagnetic valve controls the switching-on and switching-off of the rocker arm shaft oil passage and the lubricating oil with pressure.
2. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the cam side rocker arms is two, one of the cam side rocker arms is a first cam side rocker arm, the other one of the cam side rocker arms is a second cam side rocker arm, when the electromagnetic valve controls the rocker shaft oil passage to be closed, the sliding blocks of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm have a first position under the action of the pretightening force of the return spring, and when the electromagnetic valve controls the rocker shaft oil passage to be switched on, the sliding blocks of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm have a second position under the hydraulic driving of lubricating oil, wherein:
the first position of the slider of the first cam-side rocker arm is located between the cross-member structure of the valve-side rocker arm and the first cam-side rocker arm, in this position, the slider eliminates a gap between the first cam-side rocker arm and the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm, so that the first cam-side rocker arm and the valve-side rocker arm form a transmission chain, and the first cam-side rocker arm can transmit the drive lift of the cam corresponding thereto to the valve-side rocker arm, and the first position of the slider of the second cam-side rocker arm is located below the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm at a position staggered from the cross member structure, in this position the slider is unable to eliminate the play between the second cam-side rocker arm and the cross beam structure of the valve-side rocker arm, which are unable to form a drive chain;
the second position of the slider of the first cam-side rocker arm is located below the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm and displaced from the cross member structure, where the slider cannot eliminate a gap between the first cam-side rocker arm and the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm, where the first cam-side rocker arm and the valve-side rocker arm cannot form a transmission chain, and the second position of the slider of the second cam-side rocker arm is located between the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm and the second cam-side rocker arm, where the slider eliminates a gap between the second cam-side rocker arm and the cross member structure of the valve-side rocker arm, where the second cam-side rocker arm and the valve-side rocker arm form a transmission chain, and where the second cam-side rocker arm can transmit the drive lift of the cam corresponding thereto to the valve-side rocker arm, so that the combined rocker arm mechanism can selectively transmit the drive lift of the first cam-side rocker arm or the second cam-side rocker arm or the valve-side rocker arm The drive lift of the cam corresponding to the cam-side rocker arm is transmitted to the valve-side rocker arm.
3. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: plunger holes are formed in the upper portions of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm, the plunger holes are of a stepped hole structure, driving plungers are slidably mounted in the plunger holes, the driving plungers of the first cam side rocker arm are of a stepped shaft structure, a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section of each driving plunger are in clearance fit with the large-diameter holes and the small-diameter holes of the plunger holes respectively, a plug is mounted at one end, with the larger diameter, of the plunger hole of the first cam side rocker arm, an exhaust hole is formed in the plug, a return spring of the first cam side rocker arm is arranged between the end, with the larger diameter, of the driving plunger and the plug, and the end, with the smaller diameter, of the driving plunger of the first cam side rocker arm penetrates through the smaller-diameter hole of the plunger hole and is connected with the sliding block;
one end of a plunger hole of the second cam side rocker arm is a cylindrical hole, the other end of the plunger hole of the second cam side rocker arm is a kidney-shaped hole, one end of the cylindrical hole of the plunger hole of the second cam side rocker arm is provided with a sealed plug, a driving plunger of the second cam side rocker arm is of a stepped shaft structure, the large diameter section of the driving plunger is a cylinder and is in clearance fit with the cylindrical hole of the plunger hole, two side surfaces of the small diameter section of the driving plunger are processed into flat shapes, the sectional area of the flat shapes is smaller than that of the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole, a return spring of the second cam side rocker arm is arranged between the driving plunger and the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole, and one end of the driving plunger of the second cam side rocker arm processed into a flat shape penetrates through the kidney-shaped hole at the other end of the plunger hole to be connected with the sliding block;
and rocker arm oil ducts are respectively arranged on the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm, one end of each rocker arm oil duct is communicated with the cavity formed by the plunger hole and the end, not provided with the return spring, of the driving plunger, and the other end of each rocker arm oil duct is communicated with the rocker arm shaft oil duct.
4. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the slider is the rectangle piece that one side has arc surface or inclined plane, the one end that slider and drive plunger are connected is processed slottedly and the pinhole, and through the pin with the drive plunger is connected, the slider is arc surface or inclined plane at the preceding terminal surface that drive plunger promoted its direction of advance, the slider bottom surface is the plane, the top surface of slider with the crossbeam structure bottom surface of valve side rocking arm is the plane, perhaps, the top surface of slider is equipped with circular arc or wedge indent or arch, the crossbeam structure bottom surface of valve side rocking arm be equipped with the identical circular arc of the top surface shape of slider or wedge arch or indent.
5. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the combined type rocker arm mechanism is provided with more than two cam side rocker arms, a rocker arm shaft oil passage is respectively and independently arranged in the rocker arm shaft for each cam side rocker arm and is respectively communicated with the rocker arm oil passages on each cam side rocker arm, and each rocker arm shaft oil passage is provided with an electromagnetic valve.
6. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the valve side rocker arm is a notch, two side walls are respectively arranged on two sides of the valve side rocker arm, the rocker arm shaft mounting hole is formed in the side walls, the cross beam structure is arranged at one end, close to the camshaft, of the valve side rocker arm and connected with the two side walls of the valve side rocker arm, and the cam side rocker arm is mounted at the notch position between the two side walls of the valve side rocker arm.
7. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the valve side rocker arm is of a plate-shaped structure, the rocker arm shaft mounting hole is formed in the middle of the plate-shaped structure, the cross beam structure is of a T-shaped structure, and the cam side rocker arms are mounted on the left side and the right side of the valve side rocker arm respectively.
8. The variable valve driving apparatus of the engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the combined rocker arm mechanism is characterized in that a rocker arm spring is arranged between the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm, the rocker arm spring is a spiral spring or a torque spring, the rocker arm spring is arranged between the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arm or on a rocker arm shaft, one end of the rocker arm spring acts on the valve side rocker arm, the other end of the rocker arm spring acts on the cam side rocker arm, and the rocker arm spring has certain pretightening force, so that the valve side rocker arm is always in contact with the valve mechanism, and the cam side rocker arm is always in contact with the cam.
9. The variable valve driving apparatus of the engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the cam side rocker arm is provided with a roller which is in contact with a cam corresponding to the cam on the cam shaft and is driven by the cam, or the cam side rocker arm is provided with a ball socket or a ball head structure which is connected with a push rod driven by the cam shaft and is driven by the push rod.
10. The variable valve driving device of the engine comprises a rocker arm mechanism, a camshaft, a rocker arm shaft and an electromagnetic valve, and is characterized in that: the rocker arm mechanism is a combined rocker arm mechanism, the combined rocker arm mechanism comprises a valve side rocker arm and two cam side rocker arms, namely a first cam side rocker arm and a second cam side rocker arm, the valve side rocker arm and the cam side rocker arms are arranged on a rocker arm shaft side by side and can rotate on the rocker arm shaft, the main body structures of the cam side rocker arms are positioned on one side close to a cam shaft, a cam is arranged on the cam shaft corresponding to each cam side rocker arm, the profiles of the cams are different, each cam side rocker arm is driven by the corresponding cam to lift, bosses are respectively arranged at the tops of the first cam side rocker arm and the second cam side rocker arm, the two bosses are arranged in a staggered mode, plunger holes are arranged at the upper parts of the valve side rocker arms, the plunger holes are step holes, a driving plunger is slidably arranged in the plunger holes, and the driving plunger is a step shaft, one end of the driving plunger penetrates through the plunger hole to be connected with the movable block, a return spring is arranged in the plunger hole at one end of the driving plunger, the plunger hole at the other end of the driving plunger is communicated with a rocker arm oil duct, the rocker arm oil duct is arranged in the valve side rocker arm and is communicated with a rocker arm shaft oil duct, the rocker arm shaft oil duct is arranged in the rocker arm shaft and can be driven by lubricating oil with pressure provided by the rocker arm shaft oil duct, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the rocker arm shaft oil duct and is used for controlling the switching-on and switching-off of the rocker arm shaft oil duct and the lubricating oil with pressure;
when the rocker shaft oil passage is closed, the movable block has a first position under the action of the pretightening force of the return spring, at the position, the movable block eliminates a gap between the first cam side rocker and the valve side rocker, so that the first cam side rocker and the valve side rocker form a transmission chain, and a movable block gap is arranged above a boss of the second cam side rocker, so that the second cam side rocker and the valve side rocker cannot form the transmission chain;
when the rocker shaft oil channel is communicated, the movable block is hydraulically driven to have a second position, in the second position, the gap between the second cam side rocker and the valve side rocker is eliminated by the movable block, so that the second cam side rocker and the valve side rocker form a transmission chain, and a movable block gap is arranged above the boss of the first cam side rocker, so that the first cam side rocker and the valve side rocker cannot form the transmission chain.
11. The variable valve driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 10, characterized in that: one side of the boss of cam side rocking arm is the arc side, arc side center is concentric with rocking arm shaft hole center, the movable block install in the spout of valve side rocking arm top, be located the top of the boss of cam side rocking arm, the movable block is a rectangular block, the left and right sides is equipped with a breach respectively on the movable block, on the breach with the arc side of boss corresponds the position and is equipped with the arc surface on the cam side rocking arm, the arc surface with the arc side of boss has the same radius on the cam side rocking arm.
12. An engine, characterized by: a variable valve actuation apparatus incorporating the engine of any one of claims 1 to 9 or a variable valve actuation apparatus incorporating the engine of claim 10 or 11.
CN201910993201.9A 2019-10-18 2019-10-18 Variable valve driving device of engine and engine Active CN110685768B (en)

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CN201910993201.9A CN110685768B (en) 2019-10-18 2019-10-18 Variable valve driving device of engine and engine
PCT/CN2020/116234 WO2021073355A1 (en) 2019-10-18 2020-09-18 Variable valve drive apparatus for generator and generator
DE112020004972.8T DE112020004972T5 (en) 2019-10-18 2020-09-18 Variable valve train mechanism of an engine and engine
US17/659,316 US20220235678A1 (en) 2019-10-18 2022-04-14 Variable valve actuation mechanism for engine and engine

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