CN110685282B - Anchor cable bearing device, anchor cable and tensioning construction method thereof - Google Patents
Anchor cable bearing device, anchor cable and tensioning construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685282B CN110685282B CN201910880900.2A CN201910880900A CN110685282B CN 110685282 B CN110685282 B CN 110685282B CN 201910880900 A CN201910880900 A CN 201910880900A CN 110685282 B CN110685282 B CN 110685282B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction appliances and equipment, and provides an anchor cable bearing device capable of improving the tension of a prestressed anchor cable, which comprises a bearing body, a gripper and a spring, wherein the bearing body is a cylinder body provided with a steel strand perforation and a grouting pipe perforation along the axial direction, the side wall of the cylinder body of the bearing body is provided with an axial groove, the gripper is arranged in the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body, one end of the gripper is hinged with the bearing body, the other end of the gripper is provided with a bent gripping tooth, two ends of the spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the middle part of the gripper and the middle part of the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body, and the end of the gripper with the gripping tooth can be outwards opened from the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body under the action of the spring. The anchor cable with the anchor cable bearing device and the tensioning construction method thereof are also provided, and the tensioning construction of the anchor cable can be carried out, so that the tension of the anchor cable can be greatly increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction appliances and equipment, and particularly relates to an anchor cable bearing device capable of improving the cable tension of a prestressed anchor, an anchor cable and a tensioning construction method thereof.
Background
The prestressed anchor cable can be used for reinforcing rock mass, can improve the stress of retaining row piles, improve the tensile force of the side slope frame lattice beam and change the internal force distribution of the member. The method is characterized in that a pre-stressed anchor cable is commonly used in building engineering, highways, railways and hydraulic engineering to reinforce a side slope and a deep foundation pit side slope, a drill hole penetrates through a soft rock stratum or a sliding surface, one end (called an inner anchor head) of the anchor cable is anchored in a hard rock stratum, and then the other end (called a free end or an outer anchor head) of the anchor cable is tensioned, so that pressure is applied to the rock stratum, and an unstable rock body is anchored.
The anchor cable structure generally includes an inner anchor head, an anchor cable body and an outer anchor head, wherein the inner anchor head is also called a prestressed anchoring section or an anchor root, is a foundation for providing prestress when the anchor cable is anchored in a rock body, and is divided into two categories of a mechanical type and a cementing type according to the structural form; the outer anchor head is also called an outer anchoring section and is a part for providing tension tonnage and locking by the anchor cable, and the types of the outer anchor head include an anchor plug type, a thread type, a reinforced concrete cylinder anchor pier type, a pier head anchor type, a steel framework type and the like; the anchor cable body is a member for connecting the inner anchor head and the outer anchor head and is also a supporter of tensile force, the anchor cable body comprises a steel strand, a high-strength steel bar and a threaded steel bar, and prestress can be provided by tensioning the anchor cable body.
The prestressed anchor cable is a complex anchoring project, constructors have rich theories and experiences, an anchoring end is usually embedded into a rock body to a certain depth when the tension of the anchor cable is designed, and in actual construction, due to the fact that the rock body structure changes greatly, after construction is carried out according to the designed length of the anchor cable, the situation that the tension of the anchor cable is insufficient after prestress tensioning is carried out is found, cable repairing is needed, construction cost is increased invisibly, and the construction period is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an anchor cable bearing device capable of improving the tension of a prestressed anchor cable, which comprises a bearing body, a hand grip and a spring, wherein the bearing body is a cylinder body provided with a steel strand perforation and a grouting pipe perforation along the axial direction, the side wall of the cylinder body of the bearing body is provided with an axial groove, the hand grip is installed in the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body, one end of the hand grip is hinged with the bearing body, the other end of the hand grip is provided with a bent gripping tooth, two ends of the spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the middle part of the hand grip and the middle part of the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body, and the end of the hand grip with the gripping tooth can be outwards opened from the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body under the action of the spring.
Preferably, the number of the grippers is not less than 3. Further, the hand grips are evenly arranged around the outer side wall of the carrier body.
Preferably, the steel strand through hole on the supporting body is a conical bell mouth at the same end of the supporting body as the grabbing tooth.
Preferably, the grouting pipe through hole on the bearing body is arranged at the position of the cylinder axis of the bearing body.
Preferably, the steel strand through holes on the supporting body are multiple and are uniformly distributed in a circumferential mode around the axis.
Preferably, the supporting body and the hand grip are both made of 45# steel.
The invention also provides an anchor cable which comprises an anchor cable body, wherein the anchor cable body comprises a steel strand, a wire stringing ring and a grouting pipe, the steel strand and the grouting pipe are threaded through the wire stringing ring to form a cable shape, an inner anchor head and an outer anchor head are formed at two ends of the anchor cable body, the inner anchor head is provided with the anchor cable bearing device, the steel strand and the grouting pipe respectively penetrate through a steel strand through hole and a grouting pipe through hole of a bearing body from one end of a hinged hand grip of the bearing body and then penetrate out from the other end of the bearing body, and a clamping piece is fixed at the penetrating end of the steel strand.
The invention also provides an anchor cable tensioning construction method, which adopts the anchor cable and comprises the following steps:
manufacturing an anchor beam, wherein the method comprises the steps of erecting a formwork at a selected position of a rock mass to be reinforced to pour concrete to form the anchor beam, the anchor beam is provided with a reserved hole, and an anchor backing plate and a spiral rib are installed at the reserved hole;
drilling an anchor cable hole, namely drilling a hole in a rock body opposite to the reserved hole of the anchor beam, wherein the drilling depth is set as the embedding depth of the anchor cable, so that the anchor cable hole is formed, and the anchor cable hole is cleaned;
inserting an anchor cable, wherein the step of binding a hand grip of the anchor cable bearing device arranged on the inner anchor head in an axial groove on the side wall of the bearing body by using a thin steel wire rope and forming a slipknot, the thin steel wire rope reserved at the release end of the slipknot extends to the outer anchor head along the anchor cable, and the inner anchor head of the anchor cable penetrates through a reserved hole of the anchor beam and is inserted into an anchor cable hole of a rock body to the bottom of the hole;
releasing the hand grip, namely, forcibly drawing the steel wire rope to untie the slipknot, so that the hand grip of the anchor cable bearing device on the inner anchor head is opened under the action of the spring;
the method comprises the following specific operations of primary grouting: grouting cement paste or cementing materials into the anchor cable hole through a grouting pipe by using a grouting machine, and performing primary grouting from the position of an inner anchor head to a length which is not less than the designed length of the anchoring section of the anchor cable; the grabbing teeth are contacted with the wall of the bedrock hole, and the carrier part forms a sphere of steel structure cement paste after grouting and is tightly combined with the surrounding bedrock to form a whole;
tensioning the anchor cable, namely after the strength reaches a designed value after primary grouting and condensation, mounting an anchorage device and a clamping piece at the outer anchor head end of the anchor cable, and tensioning the steel strand of the anchor cable to enable the steel strand to reach the designed tensile stress so that the anchor cable forms tension on the anchor beam;
secondary grouting, which comprises the steps of injecting cement paste or cementing materials into the rest part of the anchor cable hole after primary grouting after checking that the anchor beam and the anchor backing plate are stressed normally, and filling the gap of the anchor cable hole;
and (4) sealing the anchor, namely cutting redundant steel strands at the head of the external anchor, and then sealing the anchor by using concrete.
Preferably, the cement slurry is M40.
The anchor cable bearing device is manufactured by designing the retractable/extendable grippers on the outer side wall of the bearing body, the device is utilized at the inner anchor head of the anchor cable, in the anchor cable tensioning construction, the grippers are firstly bundled and contracted in the axial grooves of the side wall of the bearing body by thin steel wire ropes and tied up, the anchor cable is unbundled after being inserted into a drilled anchor cable hole, the grippers are opened, the gripping teeth are contacted with the hole wall of a bedrock, and a ball body of steel structure cement paste is formed on the bearing body part through grouting and is tightly combined with surrounding bedrock to form a whole, so that the tensile force of the anchor cable in use is greatly increased. On the other hand, under the requirement of certain tension, the length of the anchor cable used in project design can be reduced, so that the construction difficulty and cost are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a cable bolt carrier of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cable bolt according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the steel strands of the anchor cable passing through the steel strand perforations in the carrier;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the anchor cable tensioning construction method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of anchor cable tensioning construction.
In the figure: 1-anchor cable bearing device, 110-bearing body, 111-steel strand perforation, 113-grouting pipe perforation, 115-axial groove, 120-gripper, 121-gripper tooth, 130-spring, 2-steel strand, 3-loop, 4-grouting pipe, 5-clamping piece, 6-anchor beam, 601-preformed hole, 7-anchor backing plate and 8-anchor cable hole.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention to solve the technical problems, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustrative purposes and are not drawn to scale or scale completely, and therefore, the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are not limited to the protection scope of the present invention.
In an alternative embodiment of the anchor cable bearer as shown in fig. 1, the anchor cable bearer 1 is located at the foremost (inner anchor head) portion of the anchor cable body, and includes a bearing body 110, a hand grip 120 and a spring 130, wherein the bearing body 110 is a cylinder provided with five steel strand through holes 111 and one grouting pipe through hole 113 along the axial direction, the five steel strand through holes 111 are uniformly arranged in a circumferential manner around the axial center, the steel strand through holes 111 are located at the same end of the bearing body 110 as the gripping tooth and are conical flares, the grouting pipe through hole 113 is located at the axial center position of the cylinder of the bearing body 110, four axial grooves 115 are provided on the side wall of the cylinder of the bearing body 110, the hand grip 120 has four axial grooves 115 respectively installed on the side wall of the bearing body 110, one end of the hand grip 120 is hinged to the bearing body 110, the other end of the hand grip 120 is provided with a curved gripping tooth 121, and two ends of the spring 130 are respectively fixedly connected to the middle portions of the axial grooves 115 of the side walls of the hand grip 120 and the bearing body 110, the gripping fingers 120 will expand outwardly from the axial slots 115 in the side walls of the carrier 110 under the action of the spring 130. The anchor cable bearing device is a cylinder after the grippers 120 are tightened in the axial grooves 115, fig. 1 shows that one of the grippers 120 is provided with a gripping tooth end under the action of a spring 130 and is outwards opened from the axial grooves 115 in the side wall of the bearing body 110, a plurality of grippers 120 can be arranged according to the diameter of the anchor cable, generally not less than three grippers, the grippers and the bearing body are both made of 45# steel, one end of each gripper is hinged to the bearing body, after the other end of each gripper is popped out, the gripping teeth are in contact with the wall of a bedrock hole, the anchor cable bearing device after grouting partially forms a ball of steel structure cement slurry, and the ball is tightly combined with surrounding bedrock to form a whole.
The optional embodiment of the anchor cable shown in fig. 2 includes an anchor cable body, the anchor cable body includes a steel strand 2, a wire ring 3 and a grouting pipe 4, the steel strand 2 and the grouting pipe 4 penetrate through the wire ring 3 to form a long cable shape, a grouting pipe hole is formed in the center, five holes on the periphery are anchor ring steel strand holes, an inner anchor head and an outer anchor head are formed at two ends of the anchor cable body, the anchor cable bearing device 1 is mounted on the inner anchor head, the steel strand 2 and the grouting pipe 4 respectively penetrate through a steel strand perforation 111 and a grouting pipe perforation 113 of the bearing body 110 from one end of a hinged grip of the bearing body 110, and then penetrate out from the other end of the bearing body 110, the grip 120 is opened outwards from an axial groove on the side wall of the bearing body under the action of a spring, and the steel strand 2 penetrates out of a clamping piece end fixing 5 as shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, in the alternative embodiment that the steel strand of the anchor cable passes through the steel strand perforation on the supporting body, the anchor cable bearing device is located at the inner anchor head end of the anchor cable, the anchor cable body comprises the steel strand 2 and the grouting pipe 4 which respectively pass through the steel strand perforation 111 and the grouting pipe perforation 113 of the supporting body 110, the steel strand 2 passes through the fixed clamping piece 5, the clamping piece 5 is locked, and the tensioning tool is used for pretension to prevent the clamping piece from loosening and falling off.
The anchor cable tensioning construction method shown in fig. 4 adopts the anchor cable and comprises the following steps:
manufacturing an anchor beam S10, including erecting a formwork at a selected position of a rock mass to be reinforced to perform concrete pouring to form the anchor beam, wherein the anchor beam is provided with a reserved hole, and an anchor backing plate and a spiral rib are arranged at the reserved hole;
drilling anchor cable holes S20, including drilling holes on the rock mass opposite to the preformed holes of the anchor beam, wherein the drilling depth is set as the embedding depth of the anchor cable, so as to form the anchor cable holes, and cleaning the anchor cable holes;
inserting an anchor cable S30, binding a hand grip of the anchor cable bearing device arranged on the inner anchor head in an axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body by using a thin steel wire rope and tying the hand grip into a slipknot, wherein the thin steel wire rope reserved at the release end of the slipknot extends to the outer anchor head along the anchor cable, and the inner anchor head of the anchor cable penetrates through a reserved hole of the anchor beam and is inserted into an anchor cable hole of a rock body to the bottom of the hole;
releasing the hand grip S40, namely, forcibly drawing the steel wire rope to untie the slipknot, so that the hand grip of the anchor rope bearing device on the inner anchor head is opened under the action of the spring;
the primary grouting S50 comprises the following specific operations: grouting cement paste or cementing materials into the anchor cable hole through a grouting pipe by using a grouting machine, and performing primary grouting from the position of an inner anchor head to a length which is not less than the designed length of the anchoring section of the anchor cable; the grabbing teeth are contacted with the wall of the bedrock hole, and the carrier part forms a sphere of steel structure cement paste after grouting and is tightly combined with the surrounding bedrock to form a whole;
tensioning the anchor cable S60, wherein the method comprises the steps of installing an anchorage device and a clamping piece at the outer anchor head end of the anchor cable after the primary grouting is condensed until the strength reaches the design value, and tensioning the steel strand of the anchor cable to enable the steel strand to reach the designed tensile stress so that the anchor cable forms a tensile force on the anchor beam;
secondary grouting S70, which comprises injecting cement paste or cementing material into the residual part of the anchor cable hole after primary grouting after checking that the stress of the anchor beam and the anchor backing plate is normal, and filling the gap of the anchor cable hole;
and (8) sealing the anchor S80, wherein the process comprises cutting the redundant steel strand at the head of the external anchor, and then sealing the anchor by concrete.
As shown in fig. 5, an alternative embodiment of anchor cable tensioning construction is provided, wherein an anchor beam 6 is provided with a preformed hole 601, an anchor backing plate 7 and a spiral rib (not shown in the figure) are installed at the preformed hole 601, the anchor cable is designed to be 30 meters in length, 5 phi 15-24 steel strands 2 are adopted, a wire erection ring 3 is arranged every 1.5 meters, a phi 20mm grouting pipe 4 is arranged at the center of an anchor cable body, a steel bearing body 110 is 200mm in length and 125mm in diameter, an electric drilling machine is adopted for drilling an anchor cable hole 8, a drill bit phi 130 is adopted for drilling a phi 130 diameter, a hole is formed by expanding the bottom of the hole with a reaming drill bit according to a designed angle, after hole cleaning is carried out by an air blower, a grip 120 of the anchor cable bearing device 1 is bound and is tied up by a phi 3mm thin steel wire rope and is tied up, the other end of the thin steel rope is arranged outside an anchor cable tensioning end (an outer anchor head), the installed anchor cable is stretched into the hole until the hole bottom, the length and the anchor cable is checked in place, then the thin steel rope outside the hole is tensioned, the slipknot of the binding anchor rope bearing device 1 is opened, the steel tongs 120 are popped out to the periphery, the grabbing teeth are contacted with the spherical cavity rock mass, a grouting machine is adopted to perform M40 grouting on gaps of the spherical cavity and the anchoring section along the grouting pipe 4, the grouting is stopped when the actual using amount of the cement paste is slightly larger than the theoretical using amount, after the strength of the cement paste reaches the design strength, an anchorage device and a clamping piece are installed at the free end (outer anchor head) of the anchor rope body, and five steel strands 2 are tensioned by calibrated tensioning equipment to achieve the design tensile stress. And observing the stressed conditions of the reinforced concrete anchor beam 6 and the anchor backing plate 7, grouting the free section of the anchor cable if all the conditions are normal and no prestress loss exists, and finally cutting redundant steel strands and sealing the anchor by using concrete.
By adopting the anchor cable bearing device, the anchor cable and the tensioning construction method thereof, the tension force of the anchor cable in use is greatly increased. Under certain tensile force demand, can reduce the anchor rope length that the project design used to reduce the construction degree of difficulty and cost.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anchor cable bearing device is characterized by comprising a bearing body, a hand grip, a rope and a spring, wherein the bearing body is a cylinder body which is provided with a steel strand perforation and a grouting pipe perforation along the axial direction, an axial groove is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder of the supporting body, the knotting end of the rope is used for binding the hand grip in a slipknot making mode, thereby the hand grip is arranged in the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body, one end of the hand grip is hinged with the bearing body, the other end of the hand grip is provided with a bent gripping tooth, two ends of the spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the middle part of the hand grip and the middle part of the axial groove of the side wall of the bearing body, when the binding of the rope is released by pulling the rope pulling end which is reserved outside the anchor head, under the action of the spring, one end of the gripper with the gripping teeth can be outwards opened from the axial groove in the side wall of the supporting body, so that the anchor cable bearing device is fixed with surrounding bedrock to perform grouting operation.
2. The cable bolt carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of grippers is not less than 3.
3. The cable bolt carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cable perforations in the carrier are tapered at the same end of the carrier as the gripping tooth.
4. The cable bolt carrier as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fingers are arranged evenly around the outer side wall of the carrier.
5. The cable bolt carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grouting holes of the carrier are arranged at the axial center of the column of the carrier.
6. The cable bolt carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support body has a plurality of steel strand perforations arranged circumferentially and uniformly around the axis.
7. The cable bolt carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier and the hand grip are both made of 45# steel.
8. An anchor cable, comprising an anchor cable body, wherein the anchor cable body comprises a steel strand, a wire erecting ring and a grouting pipe, the steel strand and the grouting pipe are threaded into the wire erecting ring to form a long cable shape, and an inner anchor head and an outer anchor head are formed at two ends of the anchor cable body.
9. An anchor cable tensioning construction method is characterized in that the anchor cable of claim 8 is adopted, and construction is carried out according to the following steps:
manufacturing an anchor beam, wherein the method comprises the steps of erecting a formwork at a selected position of a rock mass to be reinforced to pour concrete to form the anchor beam, the anchor beam is provided with a reserved hole, and an anchor backing plate and a spiral rib are installed at the reserved hole;
drilling an anchor cable hole, namely drilling a hole in a rock body opposite to the reserved hole of the anchor beam, wherein the drilling depth is set as the embedding depth of the anchor cable, so that the anchor cable hole is formed, and the anchor cable hole is cleaned;
inserting an anchor cable, wherein the step of binding a hand grip of the anchor cable bearing device arranged on the inner anchor head in an axial groove on the side wall of the bearing body by using a thin steel wire rope and forming a slipknot, the thin steel wire rope reserved at the release end of the slipknot extends to the outer anchor head along the anchor cable, and the inner anchor head of the anchor cable penetrates through a reserved hole of the anchor beam and is inserted into an anchor cable hole of a rock body to the bottom of the hole;
releasing the hand grip, namely, forcibly drawing the steel wire rope to untie the slipknot, so that the hand grip of the anchor cable bearing device on the inner anchor head is opened under the action of the spring;
the method comprises the following specific operations of primary grouting: grouting cement paste or cementing materials into the anchor cable hole through a grouting pipe by using a grouting machine, and performing primary grouting from the position of an inner anchor head to a length which is not less than the designed length of the anchoring section of the anchor cable;
tensioning the anchor cable, namely after the strength reaches a designed value after primary grouting and condensation, mounting an anchorage device and a clamping piece at the outer anchor head end of the anchor cable, and tensioning the steel strand of the anchor cable to enable the steel strand to reach the designed tensile stress so that the anchor cable forms tension on the anchor beam;
secondary grouting, which comprises the steps of injecting cement paste or cementing materials into the rest part of the anchor cable hole after primary grouting after checking that the anchor beam and the anchor backing plate are stressed normally, and filling the gap of the anchor cable hole;
and (4) sealing the anchor, namely cutting redundant steel strands at the head of the external anchor, and then sealing the anchor by using concrete.
10. The anchor cable tensioning construction method according to claim 9, wherein the cement slurry is M40.
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CN205206853U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-05-04 | 中煤第三建设(集团)有限责任公司 | Anchor rope fixing device |
CN206299395U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-07-04 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of expansion shell type anchoring head and the anchor cable of expansion shell type anchoring head is installed |
CN109235471A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Quick anchoring component and quick anchoring structure |
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JP2006312822A (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-16 | Sumitomo Denko Steel Wire Kk | Anchoring structure of tendon |
CN101225745A (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2008-07-23 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Novel anchor cable for changing direction |
CN104790394A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 万军利 | Pressure anchor cable structure with prefabricated anchor head and construction method of pressure anchor cable structure |
CN205206853U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-05-04 | 中煤第三建设(集团)有限责任公司 | Anchor rope fixing device |
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