CN110684914A - High-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110684914A
CN110684914A CN201911024837.9A CN201911024837A CN110684914A CN 110684914 A CN110684914 A CN 110684914A CN 201911024837 A CN201911024837 A CN 201911024837A CN 110684914 A CN110684914 A CN 110684914A
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aluminum alloy
weight
hardness
strength
hydride powder
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周辉翔
辛道辉
周辉强
李堪国
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Foshan Sanshui Rui Sheng Metal Products Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1005Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1073Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure, e.g. squeeze casting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0089Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/053Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises, by weight, 5 ~ 8% of silicon, 0 ~ 1.5.5% of iron, 2 ~ 5% of copper, 0.4 ~ 1.2.2% of manganese, 0 ~ 0.3.3% of magnesium, 12 ~ 20% of zinc, 0.08 ~ 0.24.24% of titanium, 0.09 ~ 0.22.22% of nickel, 0 ~ 0.05.05% of trace elements and the balance of aluminum.

Description

High-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of alloys, in particular to a high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy is formed by adding other elements into aluminum as a base, has the advantages of small specific gravity, high strength, corrosion resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity, environmental protection, recyclability and the like, and becomes one of the most widely used materials in daily life.
The aluminum alloy is a multi-performance material which is beneficial to the light weight of equipment. By adjusting different element components, the aluminum alloy can respectively have different performances such as high heat conductivity, high electric conductivity, high yield strength, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, high toughness, high hardness and the like. The method is widely applied to the fields of communication, automobiles, transportation, power, aerospace and the like. With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements of high and new technology on materials are higher and higher. The single performance in the past can not meet the development requirement of the technology. The existing aluminum alloy material not only has strict requirements on the basic chemical components, but also needs to meet various special use requirements and has multiple properties. Some of these properties are even considered to be contradictory to each other in the past. Aiming at the use characteristics of different materials, various components and the performance thereof in the materials are reasonably prepared and optimized according to the specific requirements of the materials, so that the creation of a corresponding new aluminum alloy material is the objective requirement of the current and future development period.
With the rapid development of scientific technology, the performance requirement and precision degree of equipment are higher and higher, and the precision equipment has higher requirements on strength and hardness along with the harsh operating environment requirement. For the coming 5G era at present, the requirement on the transmission speed is very high, the ADC12 aluminum alloy material is basically used in the market for producing the mobile phone middle plate, and the ADC12 aluminum alloy can not meet the market demand at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy which has excellent hardness and strength.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
high-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy
Preferably, the high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy consists of, by weight, 5 ~ 8% of silicon, 0 ~ 1.5.5% of iron, 2 ~ 5% of copper, 0.4 ~ 1.2.2% of manganese, 0 ~ 0.3.3% of magnesium, 12 ~ 20% of zinc, 0.08 ~ 0.24.24% of titanium, 0.09 ~ 0.22.22% of nickel, 0 ~ 0.05.05% of trace elements and the balance of aluminum.
Preferably, the high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy consists of, by weight, 6 ~ 7% of silicon, 0 ~ 0.7.7% of iron, 3 ~ 4% of copper, 0.5 ~ 1.0.0% of manganese, 0 ~ 0.2.2% of magnesium, 14 ~ 18% of zinc, 0.1 ~ 0.2.2% of titanium, 0.01 ~ 0.2.2% of nickel, 0 ~ 0.05.05% of trace elements and the balance of aluminum.
Preferably, the trace element is one or more of molybdenum, vanadium and strontium.
Preferably, the high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy further comprises modified titanium hydride powder accounting for 0.4 ~ 0.6.6 percent of the total mass.
Preferably, the modified titanium hydride powder is prepared from 8 ~ 10 parts of titanium hydride powder, 0.8 ~ 1.2.2 parts of stearic acid monoglyceride, 4 ~ 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 ~ 2 parts of silane coupling agent by weight.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified titanium hydride powder comprises the steps of grinding titanium hydride powder, adding glyceryl monostearate and calcium carbonate after the grinding, heating to 90 ~ 110 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding a silane coupling agent, stirring for 2 ~ 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, drying and grinding in sequence to obtain the modified titanium hydride powder.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing all raw materials, smelting at 650 ~ 750 ℃, and stirring uniformly after the alloy is completely melted to obtain a smelted alloy;
s2, pouring the smelted alloy, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
s3, carrying out solid solution on the aluminum alloy ingot for 0.5 ~ 1 hours at the temperature of 550 ~ 600 ℃, and carrying out quenching for 0.6 ~ 1 hours at the temperature of 300 ~ 350 ℃ after the solid solution is finished;
s4, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched material, wherein the heat treatment process is that the material is treated at 140 ~ 170 ℃ for 1-4 hours, and discharging from a furnace for air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
Preferably, in the step S2, the casting method comprises the steps of die-casting and forming the smelted alloy, wherein the preheating temperature is 145 ~ 155 ℃ and the casting temperature of the alloy is 645 ~ 665 ℃, the injection speed is 2.6 ~ 3.2.2 m/S, and the pressurizing pressure is 80 ~ 90 MPa.
As a preferable scheme, in step S3: the aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to solid solution for 0.8 hour at the temperature of 570 ℃, and is quenched for 0.7 hour at the temperature of 320 ℃ after the solid solution is completed.
Preferably, the aging treatment method in the step S4 comprises the steps of treating at 155 ~ 165 ℃ for 2 ~ 3 hours, discharging and air cooling.
Has the advantages that: (1) the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material cast and stretched bar can reach 380Mpa, the yield strength can reach 285Mpa, and the Brinell hardness can reach 145 HB; (2) the hardness and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved by adding the modified titanium hydride powder; (3) the aluminum alloy can be used for high-strength and high-hardness structural parts and external parts in the fields of aerospace, electronic communication, automobiles, weapons and the like.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
High-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy
The aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.5 percent of silicon, 0.35 percent of iron, 3.5 percent of copper, 0.75 percent of manganese, 0.1 percent of magnesium, 16 percent of zinc, 0.15 percent of titanium, 0.1 percent of nickel, 0.025 percent of vanadium and the balance of aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing all raw materials, smelting at 700 ℃, and uniformly stirring after the alloy is completely molten to obtain a smelted alloy;
s2, pouring the molten alloy, die-casting the molten alloy, wherein the preheating temperature is 150 ℃, the alloy pouring temperature is 650 ℃, the injection speed is 3m/s, the pressurizing pressure is 85MPa, and cooling to the room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
s3, carrying out solid solution on the aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 570 ℃ for 0.8 hour, and quenching at the temperature of 320 ℃ for 0.7 hour after the solid solution is finished;
s4, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched material, wherein the heat treatment process is to carry out treatment at 160 ℃ for 2.5 hours, discharging and air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
Example 2
High-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the aluminum alloy formulation of example 2 differs from that of example 1, and is otherwise the same.
6% of silicon, 0.7% of iron, 3% of copper, 1% of manganese, 0% of magnesium, 18% of zinc, 0.1% of titanium, 0.2% of nickel, 0% of vanadium and the balance of aluminum.
Example 3
High-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the aluminum alloy formulation is different and the rest is the same.
The aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of silicon, 0% of iron, 4% of copper, 0.5% of manganese, 0.2% of magnesium, 14% of zinc, 0.2% of titanium, 0.01% of nickel, 0.05% of chromium and the balance of aluminum.
Example 4
High-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that 0.5% modified titanium hydride powder was added to the formulation of example 4, all other things being equal.
The modified titanium hydride powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 9 parts of titanium hydride powder, 1 part of stearic acid monoglyceride, 5 parts of calcium carbonate and 1.5 parts of silane coupling agent.
The preparation method of the modified titanium hydride powder comprises the following steps: taking titanium hydride powder for grinding treatment; and after treatment, adding stearic acid monoglyceride and calcium carbonate, heating to 60 ℃, uniformly stirring, then adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature, and sequentially drying and grinding to obtain the modified titanium hydride powder.
The silane coupling agent is vinyl trimethoxy silane.
Comparative example 1
High-strength and high-hardness aluminum alloy
Comparative example 1 differs from example 4 in that the titanium hydride powder used in comparative example 1 is an unmodified titanium hydride powder, and the rest is the same.
To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the present invention, the aluminum alloys prepared in this example and comparative example were compared with conventional aluminum alloy ADC12 in terms of physical and mechanical properties, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the physical and mechanical properties of the examples, comparative examples and ADC12
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The performance test method is as follows GB/T228.1-2010 metal material tensile test part I: room temperature test methods "and GB5237-2004, test equipment: aluminum alloy tensile strength testing machine, brinell hardness tester.
From table 1, it can be seen that example 4 is the best method for implementation, and comparing example 4 with the aluminum alloy ADC12, the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy prepared by the invention are improved compared with those of the aluminum alloy ADC 12; comparing example 4 with example 1, it can be seen that the performance of the aluminum alloy added with the modified titanium hydride powder is further improved; comparing examples 1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that aluminum alloys with different proportions have certain performance difference, and example 1 is the best proportion; as can be seen by comparing example 4 with comparative example 1, the modified titanium hydride powder has better strength and hardness than the aluminum alloy prepared from the unmodified titanium hydride powder. Therefore, the modified titanium hydride powder has obvious effects on improving the hardness and the strength of the aluminum alloy; the modified titanium hydride powder can refine elements of an aluminum alloy structure, and the finer the metal material grains are, the finer the structure is, the higher the mechanical property is.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. The high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising, by weight, 5 ~ 8% of silicon, 0 ~ 1.5.5% of iron, 2 ~ 5% of copper, 0.4 ~ 1.2.2% of manganese, 0 ~ 0.3.3% of magnesium, 12 ~ 20% of zinc, 0.08 ~ 0.24.24% of titanium, 0.09 ~ 0.22.22% of nickel, 0 ~ 0.05.05% of trace elements and the balance aluminum, wherein the trace elements are one or more of molybdenum, vanadium and strontium.
2. The high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises, by weight, 6 ~ 7% of silicon, 0 ~ 0.7.7% of iron, 3 ~ 4% of copper, 0.5 ~ 1.0.0% of manganese, 0 ~ 0.2.2% of magnesium, 14 ~ 18% of zinc, 0.1 ~ 0.2.2% of titanium, 0.01 ~ 0.2.2% of nickel, 0 ~ 0.05.05% of trace elements and the balance of aluminum, and the trace elements are one or more of molybdenum, vanadium and strontium.
3. The high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 1, further comprising 0.4 ~ 0.6.6% by mass of a modified titanium hydride powder.
4. The high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein the modified titanium hydride powder is prepared from 8 parts by weight of 8 ~ 10 parts by weight of titanium hydride powder, 0.8 part by weight of 0.8 ~ 1.2.2 parts by weight of glycerol monostearate, 4 parts by weight of 4 ~ 6 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and 1 part by weight of 1 ~ 2 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent.
5. The high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein the modified titanium hydride powder is prepared by grinding titanium hydride powder, adding glyceryl monostearate and calcium carbonate after the grinding, heating to 90 ~ 110 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding a silane coupling agent, stirring for 2 ~ 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and drying and grinding sequentially to obtain the modified titanium hydride powder.
6. The high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane.
7. The preparation method of the high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, weighing all raw materials, smelting at 650 ~ 750 ℃, and stirring uniformly after the alloy is completely melted to obtain a smelted alloy;
s2, pouring the smelted alloy, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
s3, carrying out solid solution on the aluminum alloy ingot for 0.5 ~ 1 hours at the temperature of 550 ~ 600 ℃, and carrying out quenching for 0.6 ~ 1 hours at the temperature of 300 ~ 350 ℃ after the solid solution is finished;
s4, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched material, wherein the heat treatment process is that the material is treated at 140 ~ 170 ℃ for 1-4 hours, and discharging from a furnace for air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
8. The method of producing a high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 7, wherein the casting in step S2 is carried out by die casting the molten alloy at a preheating temperature of 145 ~ 155 ℃, an alloy casting temperature of 645 ~ 665 ℃, an injection rate of 2.6 ~ 3.2.2 m/S, and a pressurizing pressure of 80 ~ 90 MPa.
9. The method for producing a high-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 7, wherein in step S3: the aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to solid solution for 0.8 hour at the temperature of 570 ℃, and is quenched for 0.7 hour at the temperature of 320 ℃ after the solid solution is completed.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the aging treatment in step S4 is carried out by treating at 155 ~ 165 ℃ for 2 ~ 3 hours, tapping and air cooling.
CN201911024837.9A 2019-10-25 2019-10-25 High-strength high-hardness aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Pending CN110684914A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113046607A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-29 郑州大学 High-hardness high-thermal conductivity multi-element alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113737070A (en) * 2021-09-07 2021-12-03 广东隆达铝业有限公司 High-yield-strength cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113737067A (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and aluminum alloy structural part
CN113913655A (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-11 荣耀终端有限公司 Die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof, structural member and terminal
CN114277292A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-05 广东金铝轻合金股份有限公司 High-hardness aluminum alloy suitable for manufacturing vehicle-mounted camera and manufacturing process
CN116287901A (en) * 2023-03-14 2023-06-23 贵州航鹏新材料科技有限公司 Medium-strength heat-conducting aluminum alloy material

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CN104498782A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-08 宁波东浩铸业有限公司 Automobile generator end cover and preparation method thereof
CN106167868A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-11-30 闻喜县瑞格镁业有限公司 A kind of high strength and high hardness Cast aluminium alloy gold and preparation method thereof
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CN113737067A (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and aluminum alloy structural part
CN113913655A (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-11 荣耀终端有限公司 Die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof, structural member and terminal
CN113046607A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-29 郑州大学 High-hardness high-thermal conductivity multi-element alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113046607B (en) * 2021-03-16 2022-03-04 郑州大学 High-hardness high-thermal conductivity multi-element alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113737070A (en) * 2021-09-07 2021-12-03 广东隆达铝业有限公司 High-yield-strength cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114277292A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-05 广东金铝轻合金股份有限公司 High-hardness aluminum alloy suitable for manufacturing vehicle-mounted camera and manufacturing process
CN116287901A (en) * 2023-03-14 2023-06-23 贵州航鹏新材料科技有限公司 Medium-strength heat-conducting aluminum alloy material

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